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Experienced stress and coping strategies in the context of adolescent social relationships

Author(s): Jan Mareš,Lenka Lacinová,Jan Širůček / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Family environment is a crucial factor playing a major role in the development and adaptation of children and adolescents. There are numerous theoretical approaches in developmental psychology and developmental psychopathology where by the mechanismof the impact of family processes on the child can be explained. Apart from the general ones, which can be represented e.g. by the ecological model of development by U. Bronfenbrenner (1977), defining the micro-system as a network of close interpersonal relationships and the importance of proximal interactions for individual‟s development, the examined mechanism of mutual interactions of children (adolescents) and their immediate environment can be captured as the effect of particular variables representing the influences of family environment, such as interparental conflict.

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Duševní a tělesné zdraví ve vztahu ke zdraví podporujícímu chování a sociální opoře

Author(s): Alena Slezáčková,Alena Pučelíková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Psychologie, která se donedávna zaměřovala spíše na studium problémových oblastí, porozumění rizikovým faktorům a omezení negativních jevů, začíná věnovat cílenou pozornost příznivým aspektům života: významu kladného emocionálního naladění a pozitivního způsobu myšlení, rozvoji pozitivních vlastností osobnosti a podpoře protektivních faktorů duševního zdraví, pohody a životní spokojenosti. Novější trendy v současné psychologii, především pozitivní psychologie, tedy přesouvají ohnisko svého zájmu od otázky, co nás tíží, oslabuje a znevýhodňuje, k porozumění tomu, co nás posiluje, chrání před stresem a prospívá našemu duševnímu a tělesnému zdraví.

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STRATEGII PSIHOLOGICE DE OPTIMIZARE A MANAGEMENTULUI PERSONALULUI

Author(s): Silvia Briceag,Cristina Didilica / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The scientific research highlights the ascpects of the personnel management, beginning from the assumption that develop strategies for personnel management. This would determine the effectiveness and efficacity of the organizational activity. The advice program realised, would offer the possibility to acquire the organizational skills and manage employees in an optional way to learn new ways of attitude and behavior towards personnel of the institution. The research investigation is a question of indentyfing management optimization strategies of the management staff of instititions and organizations. We are certain, that the aim of our research has been achieved. This is demonstrated by the beneficial effects of the program advice on the institution's managers

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ASISTENȚA EDUCAȚIONALĂ A COPIILOR CU TULBURĂRI DIN SPECTRUL AUTIST ÎN CENTRUL DE RESURSE PENTRU EDUCAȚIA INCLUZIVĂ

Author(s): Maria Pereteatcu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the aspects of educational support for children with autism spectrum disorders in the Resource Centre for Inclusive Education. The issues faced by children with autism and their families are also highlighted. The behavioural therapies most commonly used in working with the autistic child are described, as well as examples of improving pronunciation and speech development, developing thought operations, practising spatial and temporal orientation skills and educating civilised behaviour

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DIMENSIUNI PSIHOLOGICE ALE ANXIETĂȚII ȘI IMAGINII DE SINE LA COPIII ABUZAȚI

Author(s): Luminiţa Secrieru,Lilia Nacai / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This article represents research on the relations between self-image and anxiety that abused children possess. Moreover, is based on theoretical research that also includes elaboration and implementation of a psychological program. The research brought in evidence the problems regarding the types of emotional disorders resulting from abuse and negligence of the children, at the age between 8 to 10 years. Besides, this work represents the results that demonstrate the positive impact of the psychological intervention program that is orientated towards optimizations of the mental state, self-esteem, decrease of anxiety in the children who were abused or neglected

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STILURI DE ÎNVĂȚARE ȘI DIMENSIUNI ALE PSIHOIGIENEI MINTALE

Author(s): Aurelia Glavan,Gabriela Arsenov / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Learning has been and remains a central theme for psychology and psychological research, due to the complexity and importance of this process for the evolution of our society. Learning is a complex mental activity of acquiring skills and knowledge training and assimilation of social experiences, that leads to the development of a personality. The educational system of the future will be based on self-learning as a dominant form of education with teachers as counselors or consultants, creative-cognitive education replacing traditional education.

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МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПЕДАГОГАМ И РОДИТЕЛЯМ В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КОРРЕКЦИОННО-РАЗВИВАЮЩИХ МЕТОДОВ И ПРИЕМОВ ОБУЧЕНИЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ НАЧАЛЬНЫХ КЛАССОВ, ИМЕЮЩИХ ОСОБЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ

Author(s): Elena Gusarova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Search the best ways, the task of all. This publication provides recommendations for teachers and parents to work with children with disabilities. For help fill the black and white world of "special child" bright and light colors can only be together. This world is not invented by us, but from ourselves, we can change it for the better, doing good

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ACTIVITĂȚI DE DEZVOLTARE A COMPETENȚEI DE SOLUȚIONARE A CONFLICTELOR LA ELEVII DIN CLASELE PRIMARE

Author(s): Lilia Andriuţa / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article proposes the results of the research of conflict resolution strategies preferred by primary school students. A series of practical activities are described to develop the competence of conflict resolution in primary school students accompanied by methodical recommendations

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ACTIVITĂȚILE EDUCATIVE ÎN CONTEXTUL EDUCAȚIEI INCLUZIVE

Author(s): Ana Chistol / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Non-formal education in the context of inclusive education has a main actor, this is the Resource Center for Inclusive Education, which develops and carries out extracurricular activities, socialization and recreation, in collaboration and with the involvement of teachers and all vulnerable children / special educational needs in learning institution

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STRATEGII DE DEZVOLTARE A COMPETENȚEI DE APRECIERE A IDENTITĂŢII PERSONALE ȘI A CELORLALȚI ÎN CLASELE PRIMARE

Author(s): Angela Mutruc / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The need to address the issue of interpersonal relationship is shaped by the fact that at present there is on the one hand, the contradiction between the paramount importance of interpersonal relationship as a component of social competence as a tool for socialization of students, and on the other hand, the lack of strategies psycho-pedagogical development of a constructive interpersonal relationship at the level of student class management

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CREATIVITATE ȘI CONȘTIINȚĂ

Author(s): Liviu-Adrian Măgureanu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This paper proposes an understanding of human creativity that calls for a new paradigm. It integrates matter and consciousness coherently. Human creativity cannot be reduced to a way of thinking. It includes diverse experiences generated by perception, feeling, thinking, intuition. Amit Goswami (former professor of physics at the University of Oregon in Eugene and author of the best-selling textbook "Quantum Mechanics") calls it the "comprehensive paradigm". It is "the science inside consciousness". The paradigm is built on the conception that the foundation of all living things is consciousness. From this perspective, creativity is fundamentally a phenomenon of consciousness expressing new possibilities. On the other hand, one way to see that ingenious solutions come from areas that are hard to reach by the conscious mind is to listen to people as they describe how ideas come to them. If we try to understand these descriptions, we see that the creative process springs from the unconscious rather than emerging as a conscious process. The person is usually in some kind of reverie or dissociative state, when the mind wanders freely and thoughts and images float uncensored. During this fluid time, the brain is probably working intensely, despite the subjective feeling of reverie and relaxation. Research in modern neuroscience tells us how the connections within oneself are made when the brain is working. They tell us 'where', but not 'how'. How can a random process eventually lead to something meaningful? How does the brain think? These are questions that are still being answered.

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Tvůrčí psaní a literární výchova

Author(s): Zbyněk Fišer / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Tvořivost chapeme jako aktivitu, jejimž vysledkem je originalni, společensky přinosny, hodnotny produkt. Produkt tvůrči činnosti – předmětne či mentalni povahy –, kteryslouži egoistickym, podmanitelskym, nehumannim cilům a na ukor druheho člověka, je moralně pochybeny a eticky nepřijatelny. Humanně jednajici tvůrce využiva svou kreativitu k tvořeni pozitivnich vystupů. Ma zodpovědnost za svůj tvůrči produkt. – Ihned se nam vybavi namitka, že přece mnoho vynalezů je zneuživano pro agresivni, manipulativni, uzurpatorske cile. Tvůrce mnohdy jen vložil svou vynalezavost a fantazii do služeb někoho, kdo mu za vynalezani, objevovani a tvořeni zaplatil. Neni vinou tvůrce, ktery tvoři dle vlastniho nadani a vědomi co nejlepši pozitivni produkt, že jeho dilo je zneužito k destruktivnim učelům. – Neni to ani vina kreativni vychovy. Je ovšem povinnosti teoretika a učitele kreativni vychovy upozornit žaka, studenta, tvůrce na zodpovědnost za svou tvůrči činnost. Učitel má naučit žáka vytvářet pozitivně vnímatelné a eticky pozitivně hodnocené produkty.

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Tvůrčí psaní jako cesta k tvořivé pedagogické komunikaci

Author(s): Zuzana Šalamounová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Tato kapitola se nejprve věnuje komunikaci specificke pro prostředi školy: komunikaci mezi učiteli a jejich žaky. Pravě prostřednictvim zobrazeni komunikace ve vyuce literarni vychovy se nam totiž odkryje prostor, ktery komunikačni uspořadani otevira žakovskemu tvořivemu myšleni. V druhe časti teto kapitoly se pak pokusime přibližit, jakym způsobem lze v ramci komunikace, jež nabizi prostor pro žakovske tvořive myšleni, uplatnit postupy tvůrčiho psani a jakych vysledků lze jejich prostřednictvim dosahnout.

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Intertextualita prizmatem tvůrčího psaní

Author(s): Dagmar Dvořáková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

V teto kapitole představime cesty, ktere tvůrči psani nabizi k praci s literarni kategorii intertextualita v literarni vychově. Nadto se dnes ukazuje, že ho lze využit při jakychkoliv setkanich (dilnach, workshopech) osob všech věkovych skupin, zajimajicich se o literature v ramci školske vyuky i mimo školsky system. Cilem takove prace s texty je hledat a objevovat cesty, jak porozumět uměleckym textům i sobě samym. Strategie tvůrčiho psani začleněne do vyuky slouži jako zcela přirozene pojivo umožňujici propojit jazykovou, stylistickou i literarni složku vzdělavaciho oboru česky jazyk a literatura, tak jak je vymezuje např. Ramcovy vzdělavaci program pro gymnazia.3 Tvůrči psani je jeden z prostředků vytvořeni homogenniho vyučovaciho předmětu, což je bezpochyby možno považovat za velky přinos. Ještě dal jde Jiři Studeny v Dramatech jazyka, když mluvi v souvislosti s tvůrčim psanim o interdisciplinaritě, ktera „naleži k nejpodstatnějšim imperativům současneho vědeckeho badani vůbec“.

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Second Language Learning Process in Terms of Neurolinguistics

Author(s): Zeynep Zeliha Sonkaya / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As it is well known, language is central in our lives and this is the case not only of our native tongue, but also of other languages have been needed to communicate within the international community. Therefore, learning second language (L2) has become more important in recent years.

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Bilişsel Öğrenme Kuramları ve Fen Bilgisi Eğitimine Yansımaları/Eğitim Uygulamaları

Author(s): Uluhan Kurt / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Bilişsel kuramlara göre öğrenme zihinsel bir süreç olarak görülmekte ve bireyin aktif katılımını gerektirmektedir. Bilişsel öğrenme kuramları, davranışçı öğrenme kuramlarının aksine öğrenmeyi gözlemlenebilir olaylarla değil gözlemlenemeyen zihinsel süreçlerle açıklamaktadır (Altun ve Çolak, 2014).

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The cognitive dimension among university students in the area of sexual and reproductive health with an emphasis on the issue of delayed/late pregnancy and parenthood

Author(s): Michaela Hřivnová,Jitka Slaná Reissmannová,Tereza Sofková,Martina Cichá,Vladislava Marciánová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Background: The shift in women’s fertility and birth rate to the higher age is characterized as the most significant feature of reproductive behaviour over the past decades in the Czech Republic (and in other developed countries). The trend of the so-called delayed or late pregnancy/motherhood/parenthood is determined by polyfactorial influences with possible risk impacts on the biomedical and psychosocial aspects of the health of mothers, fathers, children and society as such. In 2020, the following project was implemented: 50/2020/PPZ/OKD In Time – responsible, erudite, planned and prepared parenthood – The shaping and development of health literacy in the area of reproductive health among young adults (university students). The project was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and the Faculty of Education, Palacký University Olomouc. The outcomes of the project are of both educational and research nature. Method(s): The Research on the cognitive and affective dimensions of young adults in the area of early pregnancy/parenthood involving a sample of 844 student respondents from 14 universities in the Czech Republic evaluated the level of knowledge of health literacy with an emphasis on the general area of sexual and reproductive health as well as the specific area of possible risks associated with delayed/late pregnancy/parenthood. The research also focused on the personality and attitude dimensions of young adults in the context of delayed and late pregnancy. Results: In a specific area of sexual and reproductive health, the level of knowledge was problematic, sometimes even insufficient. An alarming fact is the complete lack of knowledge concerning the probability of conception during a single ovulation cycle of a young woman (18–30 years). Surprisingly, the correct answer was identified by less than 2% of female university students. The complete set of results of the research is published in the monograph In Time: The cognitive and affective dimensions of young adults in relation to pregnancy and parenthood. Conclusions: The unfavourable level of health literacy concerning early pregnancy/parenthood may have a negative effect on the affective and behavioural dimension of young adults and support the manifestations of possible bio-psycho-social risks and complications resulting from the trends of shifting motherhood/parenthood to higher age bands. It is thus necessary to educate the young generation by means of adequate didactic procedures in order for them to be able to make informed decisions about whether and when to have a child.

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НЕВРОФИЙДБЕК ПРИ УЧЕНИЦИ С ДИСЛЕКСИЯ И ДИСГРАФИЯ. ПРЕГЛЕД НА СВЕТОВЕН ОПИТ

Author(s): Doncho Donev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Learning disabilities are attracting increasing attention. Working with text is an essential part of the learning process at school. In this regard, dyslexia and dysgraphia have a negative impact not only on students' school performance but also on their overall motivation to learn. Neurofeedback training is a little known method in Bulgaria, based on the ability to voluntarily control involuntary neurophysiological processes. The text presents the results of research conducted over the last ten years, focusing on neurofeedback training as a method for overcoming learning difficulties related to reading and writing.

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ПСИХОСОМАТИКАТА ПРЕЗ ПРИЗМАТА НА ПРИВЪРЗАНОСТТА И АЛЕКСИТИМИЯТА

Author(s): Monika Paskaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Psychosomatic disorders correlate strongly with alexithymia, a trait thought to represent a common transdiagnostic risk factor for psychological-physical health problems. As a personality trait associated with deficits in cognitive processing and affect regulation, alexithymia is closely related to attachment quality. This article highlights the importance of understanding the role of attachment and alexithymia in the context of psychosomatic health. Exploring the interactions between attachment, alexithymia and psychosomatics may contribute to the development of more effective prevention and intervention methods.

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