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REVIEWING THE SUCCESSFUL PRIMARY EDUCATION SYSTEM IN BUKOVINA (1775-1914)

Author(s): Cristian Alexandru Boghian / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

At the end of the Austrian-Hungarian rule, Bukovina, compared to the other historical provinces which united with Romania, had the highest number of literate people and the highest number of pupils registered in primary schools. However, even before the annexation to the Austrian Empire in 1774, this area in the North-Western part of the Principality of Moldova had begun, through its authorities, implementing an array of school reforms in the spirit of the Age of Enlightenment, which aimed to make education available to all and mandatory. Hence, how did the primary education system from Bukovina transform during the Austrian occupation? Did the people and ethnic minorities living in this area benefit from education in their mother tongue or where they subjected to a policy of cultural uniformization through the exclusive use of the German language? Additionally, the matter of the “Ruthenization” of Bukovina will be reviewed. This paper tries to update this matter and take into account the most well-known historiographical perspectives in a concise and unbiased manner.

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State and Prospects of Development of Academic Mobility in the System of Training a Special Education Specialist

Author(s): Tetiana Dokuchyna,Svitlana Myronova,Tetiana Franchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The article examines the problems of an integrated approach to the development of academic mobility in the system of training a special education teacher. The results of an experimental study are presented, which made it possible to find out the real state of readiness of future special teachers for academic mobility; to identify problems that have an inhibitory effect on this process. In general, they indicate the dominance of the student’s object position in the system of his professional development, so academic mobility is not perceived by them as an effective means of developing professional competence. This is confirmed by the results of a survey on the range of indicators of existing experience in academic mobility, the attitude to it as a factor of the quality of professional development and the presence of barriers that complicate it. The prospects of providing a systematic approach to the development of academic mobility of students are determined, within which it is necessary: on the one hand – to design the development of the student’s subject position in the system of his professional development on the basis of an individual educational trajectory, on the other – to develop gradually the possibilities of academic mobility based on increasing the active position of the student himself.

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Висшето образование в подкрепа на устойчивото развитие на туризма

Author(s): Petya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article examines the ways in which sustainable tourism is implemented in education. The need for this incorporation is identified and essential components through which it can be realized in tourism education are outlined. The object of the study is higher education in tourism, and its subject is the implementation of knowledge, skills and competences in students for the sustainable development of the sector. The main thesis of the author is that implementing the goals of sustainable development in tourism education and building a new way of thinking has an impact on the future abilities of professionals in the sector to achieve its long-term viability. On the basis of exploration of existing literature, as well as on the basis of own scientific and teaching experience, a conceptual model for education towards sustainable tourism development has been built and proposed. As an additional result of the research, good international practices and opportunities for education in the direction of sustainable tourism are presented.

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POSSIBLE INTERACTIONS AND METAMORPHOSES BETWEEN THE CULTURAL AND THE INTERCULTURAL

Author(s): Teodor Pătrăuţă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

In between the cultural and the intercultural there can be possible and, at the same time, real interactions and metamorphoses. We believe this to be true, and these can be transformed, in most of the time, in different forms and modalities. Culture is the one auctioning through the intervention of both the values and norms of some individuals, but mostly of humanity. Its contribution is unlimited in space and time to what the forming and development of human personality means.

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Когато стотните имат значение: скалиране и калибриране на индикатори в критериалната система на националната агенция за оценяване и акредитация

Author(s): Elena Simeonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

Whenever it comes to evaluation and accreditation, what most excites the academic community is how far the criteria system applied by the National Agency for Evaluation and Accreditation can accurately and impartially “capture” the quality of education in higher education institutions in Bulgaria. Often the differences in estimates are of the order of hundredths after the decimal point, but they have a significant differentiating meaning. The paper analyzes the criteria system of NEAA, emphasizing the possibilities for scaling and calibration of the indicators included in it. The main thesis is that the objectivity of the assessment, apart from the number of indicators, also depends on the precision and transparency of their sizing. In theoretical terms, the “reading” of the NEAA criteria system is based on the theory of measurement and the theory of fuzzy sets. In conclusion, the main findings of the criteria system are summarized and some recommendations for its improvement are given.

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Осигуряване качество на електронните курсове за дистанционна форма на обучение във висшите училища – опитът на Великотърновския университет „Св. св. Кирил и Методий“

Author(s): Stoyanka Georgieva-Lazarova,Lachezar Lazarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

After an overview of the scientific literature, scientifically proven inner university mechanisms, aiming to increase the quality of distance learning in accordance with our country’s regulations have been proposed, with the emphasis of this report being the model for evaluating e-courses for distance learning by experts (according to specially developed rules).One of the model’s key benefits is that it actually leads to increased e-course quality when distance learning is concerned. With this system every teacher, whose course is subject to evaluation, is provided with the support that is needed and has a personal contribution in helping distance learning meet country requirements. A disadvantage of the model is the need for precise verification and approval of the course by experts, which requires time and effort. Ways to resolve this problem were investigated.

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The Role of the Universities as Accelerators for the Integration of the STEM Learning Methods in the Primary and Secondary Schools

Author(s): Georgi Hristov,Ivan Beloev,Plamen Zahariev,Georgi Georgiev / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2023

The digital transformation of the industrial domains and the everyday human life has led to new ways of entertainment, safer working environments, better transport technologies, global connectivity and many other social and economic benefits, but it has also caused some indirect and unexpected consequences for the labour market – the emergence of numerous never-before-seen professions, which are closely related to the information and communication technologies. This has led to a sudden demand for large number of workers with knowledge and experience in the area of the digital technologies – something for which the educational systems of many countries were not adequately prepared and were caught by surprise. In order to meet the challenges of this digital revolution, numerous plans, programmes and mechanisms were created for the rapid and large-scale digitization of all levels of the educational system. Unfortunately, one of the most vital requirements for the introduction of the innovative teaching methods in the primary and secondary schools was significantly underestimated – the lack of sufficient time and capabilities to train and prepare the teachers. It is exactly here, where the role of the universities stands out, as they can respond appropriately to this need and they can prepare the teachers for the new digital challenges much faster and easier. The universities can also act as mediators between the business sector and the primary or secondary education institutions and can help them easily acquire financial or material support for the introduction of STEM classes in the educational processes. In this publication, we briefly discuss the STEM educational methods, their main goals and their primary characteristics. The article then presents a methodology for the rapid large-scale integration of these learning methods in the primary and secondary schools with the help and with the involvement of the higher education institutions. The last part of this publication presents in details the pilot initiative of the University of Ruse „Angel Kanchev“ for the introduction of classes in robotics and block-based programming in the primary and secondary schools in the Municipality of Ruse.

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От STEM към BEST: два стандарта, една цел

Author(s): Andrey Zahariev,Stefan Simeonov,Tanya Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

The development of educational technologies in the 21st century allowed saturation with technological resources that dynamizes and digitizes the learning process. This new trend was logically supported with appropriate hardware and software. In the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, it was digital communication channels and virtual learning environments that ensured the continuity of the national education system. In higher education, the decades-old academic distance learning centres have provided the learning process for full-time and part-time students and proven their effectiveness. In parallel with the financial provision in school education for the construction of STEM classrooms, a professional standard for an environment, nurturing development was achieved. Both teachers and students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics became the main beneficiaries. In contrast, in the system of higher education, delays and lagging are found, as often graduates coming from STEM classrooms end up in university classrooms which are decades behind in technological advancement. This paper therefore advocates the introduction of the tentatively named BEST standard, based on Business, Entrepreneurship, Science and Technology, in higher education as a logical build-up to the good STEM outcomes established in school settings.

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Developing Interdisciplinary Connections between Sustainability and STEM by Integrating 3D Tools in Primary Schools

Author(s): Valentina Voinohovska,Denis Asenov / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2023

Young people are the future of society and agents for social change. That is why it is so crucial to provide education that not only equips them with knowledge and skills but also changes their attitudes and behaviour towards sustainable development.

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Ролята на социалните мрежи и микрообучението в дигитализацията на образованието

Author(s): Aneliya Ivanova,Elitsa IBRYAMOVA / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

As social networks have evolved beyond their original purpose, and have proven to be a successful platform even for business and politics, it was only natural for the educational process to find its place in this virtual realm. As early as 2019, Facebook introduced the Social Learning mode, which provided excellent opportunities for publishing and structuring educational content within closed groups, taking the utilization of this social network to a new level in the learning process. It can hardly be disputed that social networks have the potential to offer rich access to a variety of educational resources, but recently, there has been a persistent migration of students from the digital generation to platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, Pinterest, where digital content in the form of small portions of visual and video information circulates. This trend leads to the need for a fresh interpretation of the concept of micro-learning and micro-content in the context of social networks, as well as the need to explore learners' attitudes towards such type of learning.

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Digitalization of the Education System in Kazakhstan: Experience, Problems and Perspectives

Author(s): Zhanat Kunapianovna Nurbekova,Bakyt Nurbekov / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2023

Digitalization of the education system in Kazakhstan, as well as in other countries, is a global trend in education development that aims to expand access, improve quality, and increase efficiency. Despite some similarities in the digitalization process with other countries, Kazakhstan has unique challenges related to unequal access and quality control measures. The international project HIEDTEC, which was implemented from 2018 – 2022 with the support of the EU Erasmus+ program, had a significant influence and importance. The project accomplished five major tasks, which will be highlighted in this report. However, problems such as unequal access, teacher training, quality control of educational content, and the adequacy of quality control measures to ensure accurate and effective content still exist. This report will present a forecast for the development of education through digital transformation.

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Познатите и непознати импровизирани взривни устройства

Author(s): Georgi Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report presents the essence, purpose, tasks, techniques, tactics and procedures for the development, placement and detonation of improvised explosive devices. The main characteristics of IED are presented. NATO‘s strategy for countering the IED system and threats from the use of IED is revealed, and the main guidelines and directions for its implementation are presented.

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Изкуствен интелект като допълващ инструмент при природни бедствия и аварии

Author(s): Yoto Yotov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report presents the technical and methodological use of artificial intelligence in disaster hazards by defining the critical issue in disaster management. The applications of artificial intelligence such as tracking and mapping, geospatial analysis, remote sensing techniques, robotics, drone technology, machine learning, telecommunications and network services, accident and hotspot analysis, smart urban planning, transportation planning and impact analysis on the environment, are the technological components of societal change that have significant implications for the scientific study of societal response to hazards and disasters. Used are different technologies and methods to study hazards and disasters through disciplinary, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary lenses, quantitative and qualitative data collection and data analysis strategies.

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Контролът на качеството – основен компонент за ефективното функциониране на системата за сигурност в гражданското въздухоплаване

Author(s): Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Quality control is becoming increasingly important as an essential component of the effective functionality of the aviation security system in an increasingly complex, uncertain and dynamic international environment. Notwithstanding the established normative regulation in the field of civil aviation security, monitoring activities show significant deficiencies and inadequate implementation of security measures. The reasons for these results are mainly rooted in the human factor. The integration of control measures into the corporate culture of security, related to the attitude in the behavior of the whole organization towards the importance of aviation security and the responsibility of the human factor will provide a proactive response to ever changing and difficult to predict threats.

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Стриймингът на сценични изкуства – необходимост или екстра: мнения на мениджъри на театрални организации

Author(s): Simona Nanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

This study is an empirical part of a dissertation on the topic "The Streaming Model of Distribution in the Performing Arts", provoked by the increasing digitization of performing arts work and their presentation through streaming and live-streaming online. It analyzes this new distribution tool through the prism of the managers of selected theatre organizations in Bulgaria. Like any new and unexplored phenomenon, steaming raises concerns. It has been accused of contradicting live art and could destroy it. At the same time, streaming provides a real opportunity to reach larger number of audiences and extend the life of highly artistic performances that can no longer be performed on stage. For the purpose of this research, which is one of the first in Bulgaria, the author created an open-ended expert questionnaire aimed at managers of state, municipal and private theatre organizations. Their answers and opinions were analysed and conclusions were drawn as to whether this new distribution channel in the performing arts is cost effective, feasible and artistically safe. An answer is sought to the question whether this new business model is a necessity or whether it is more appropriate to define it as an additional service, an extra. The research is relevant and necessary. It is part of a larger analysis that compares the opinions of theatre managers on SI streaming with audience attitudes. Exploring both sides of the same process gives a more holistic picture of how closely the views of audiences match or are similar to the views of those who create and sell theatre productions.

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Местоименията – между когницията и граматикализацията

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Pronouns are an excerpt of grammaticalization, its linguistic explication. The paradigm of pronouns and its logical functionality in the invariable relationship with their prototypes, where first and foremost together with that stands the self as the autonomy of the cognitively tempted and devoted to this selfconsciousness, makes sense of grammaticalization as a mechanism of categorical extension.

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Учебникът по немски език на д-р Ботю Шанов в контекста на българската лингводидактология

Author(s): Vesela Belcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Dr. Botyu Shanov's German textbook is a contribution to historical studies of foreign language teaching in Bulgaria; it provides important evidence reflecting to a considerable extent the major problems of Bulgarian linguistic didactology in the first half of the 20th century and it can be interpreted with regard to the goals of numerous studies in the vein of modern linguistic didactology. The textbook comprises 33 lesson units which introduce students to “traditional” elementary level topics: the classroom and objects in everyday school life, color terms, some character traits, clothing, numbers, etc. The textbook also provides a general overview of basic elements of German grammar in the form of short unit notes.

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Impact of Internet Resources Used by Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan University Students for English Learning

Author(s): Jannat Sagimbayeva,Gulzhakhan Tazhitova,Ainagul Mukhtarkhanova,Dina Kurmanayeva,Karachach Duvanaeva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

This paper explores the internet resources used by Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan universities students for English learning. Use of Internet resources in learning English became one of the relevant topics nowadays. As theoretical methods generalization, analysis and a questionnaire as an empirical method have been used in the study. Based on the empirical data the authors tried to identify which internet resources students of both countries use in their learning English and their influence for successful learning. Moreover, the study revealed the factors that impact and restrict students to use internet resources in learning English. The authors believe that teachers should direct, encourage their students to use internet resources for learning and incorporate the materials from different resources into English classes.

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Езикът и модернизмът (върху творби на Петко Тодоров)

Author(s): Tsvetan Rakyovski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article analyses the language of Petko Todorov's idylls and dramas. In the opinion of early twentieth-century reviewers, these works are distinguished by an artificial language that in many places becomes incomprehensible. The reasons are rooted in two factors – deliberately archaic vocabulary and confused syntax. Petko Todorov uses a huge number of Turkish words, mistakenly believing that they will create a vernacular sound to the narrative or dramatic action. On the other hand, he reworks the structure of his sentences, and very often they end with a verb. These two strategies (to give way to archaic, obsolete words) and to slow down the action by aggravating the syntax, result in a blurring of meaning because the archaic words are no longer familiar to the rehearser, and because no one speaks like the characters of idylls and dramas like The Masons or The Marriage of Smay.

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Комунизъм и християнство: канонизацията на отец Паисий Хилендарски

Author(s): Sirma Danova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

With the present article, we set ourselves the task of first looking at the event context in which the beatification of Father Paisius of Hilendar took place in 1962 when the state marked the 200th anniversary of the writing of Slav-Bulgarian History. The incorporation of Father Paisius of Hilendar into the ranks of the saints takes place in the context of the restoration of the patriarchal status of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, resp. of Bulgarian-Russian political relations.

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