(Auto)refleksja pedagogiczna nauczyciela edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. Wgląd w praktykę

Author(s): Beata Oelszlaeger-Kosturek / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2020

The monograph (Auto)Reflection of an Early Childhood Education Teacher. A Practical View showcases theoretical, methodological and empirical aspects of early childhood education teacher’s everyday work. The volume concerns a certain reflection and auto-reflection on the part of the teacher, whose duties entail optimal planning and organization, as well as the subsequent realization, control and evaluation not only of their students’ work (in the teaching-learning process), but also their own. Moreover, the volume attempts to approach such reflection and auto-reflection on the part of the teacher in the context of the learning through doing theory proposed by Wojciech Kojs, and to showcase, in the light of this theory, the importance of the research agency of the subject.

(Táv)oktatás a koronavírus idején

Author(s): Zoltán Szűts / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2021

This study examines how traditional classroom teaching methods can be transformed in the digital technology environment, building on digital communication and online media in both the classroom and distance learning dimensions. At the end of 2019, a new Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), an unprecedented threat, causing a disease called COVID-19, spread worldwide. In March 2020, European governments ordered various restrictive measures to slow the spread of the infection, including school closures. Thus, the importance of online learning and digital pedagogy that defines the methodological framework have become key. Globally, European educational governments have been at different levels of digitalization when, as a result of the pandemic, distance learning was introduced.

10. SINIF TÜRK DİLİ VE EDEBİYATI DERS KİTABINDAKİ METİNLERDE TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNÜN İZLERİ

Author(s): Gonca Al / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 8/2019

The culture is the totality of the material and spiritual elements made throughout history of a nation. The individuals and nations who know their own culture and embark on it will improve those who do not care about their culture and those who forget their past will disappear. Language is the most important carrier and transmitter of culture. In our country, culture transfer is also made in schools through education and teaching activities. In this article, the elements of Turkish culture in narrative literary text of 10th grade Turkish Language and Literature textbook were examined. Through the cultural elements and foreign words in the language was also seen how the texts were influenced by cultural change in historical periods. Warfare, wolf, respect to deceased person, religion, horse, hospitality, minstrel, playing a stringed instrument, singing folk song, toys, feast, sigh etc. belonging to Turkish culture are included in the texts. It can be seen that the textbook is rich in terms of Turkish culture.

15 Challenges in Supporting Disadvantaged Children’s Access to Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of a Romanian Nonprofit Organization

Author(s): Simona Alexa,Elena Loreni Baciu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2021

Due to the crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the vulnerability of the children from families with disadvantaged backgrounds increased, and the risk of their exposure to poverty heightened. The subsequent closure of schools brought also an increased risk for their school dropout, since their parents’ financial and educational resources were not sufficient to assist them in keeping up with the requirments of an online education. The intervention of organizations providing educational support activities for disadvantaged children was crucial in assisting them to remain engaged in education and prevent school dropout. However, due to external factors such as the re-orientation of sponsors to health programs and the rapidly shifting regulations imposed by the central authorities on educational and schooling activities, these interventions did not go smoothly. On the contrary, the nonprofits providing educational support programs to disadvantaged children encountered many challenges along the way, during this very short period of time. In the current paper, based on the case-study of a Romanian organization providing educational support services to vulnerable children, we propose an incursion into the 15 challenges it faced during the pandemic, in its effort to continue assisting children from socially and economically vulnerable groups to remain engaged in education during the pandemic. This examination also reveals the measures and strategies employed by the organization to overcome these challenges.

1926 Yılından Günümüze İlköğretim Okullarının Programları ve Sosyal Bilgiler

Author(s): Mehmet Sait Korkmaz,Hatice Güler / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 2/2020

Since the foundation of the Republic, some studies have emerged in the education programs. These changes in education programs have affected other courses as well as Social Studies lessons. In the field of Social Studies, subjects such as course subjects, units, class hours and the name of Social Studies course have been studied. This study was carried out using the method of document analysis of qualitative research methods. Throughout the study, the history of Social Studies from the Republic to the present, the educational programs and changes in The Social Studies courses were emphasized. In 1926, 1936, 1968, 1975, 1997, 2005 and 2012, changes in the education system and its impact on social studies courses were examined. History, Geography, Dormıtory Knowledge, Life Science, Community and Country Reviews, Citizenship, T.C. It is determined that the aims of the History of Revolution and Kemalism courses are the aims of social studies courses in general. The Social Studies courses, which were previously included in other education programs, were first included in the curriculum in 1968.

2018 FEN BİLİMLERİ DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMINA YÖNELİK ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ

Author(s): Esra Saraç,Mehmet Selim Yıldırım / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 2/2019

In this study, it was aimed to reveal the opinions of the class teacher sand the branch teachers who gave the course of science for the renewed science curriculum in 2018. In this study was used phenomenological is one of the qualitative research designs. The criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used in the study group of this research. The study group consists of 4th grade teachers who attend science classes in primary school and science teachers in secondary schools. Focus group interview method was used to collect research data. Interview form was created for use in focus group interview. The data obtained in there search were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the study, it was seen that teachers’ opinions about the renewed science curriculum were generally positive. However, it was seen that teachers experienced some problems in achieving the objectives of the program in practice. One of the most important results of the study is the difficulties in applications related to science, engineering and entrepreneurship, which is one of the most important innovations of the current program.

2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programının Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi: İzmir Örneği

Author(s): Nalan Altay / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 03/2020

As it is known, a curriculum should be prepared considering the needs of the age and society. The aim of the research is to reveal the opinions of the teachers about the social studies curriculum that has been applied since 2018 in Turkey. Program acquisitions, problems encountered in the implementation of the program and the elements that an ideal social studies program should possess are determined according to the opinions of the teachers. This research was designed as a case study, one of the qualitative research methods. The data obtained were analyzed by content analysis method. According to the results of the research, the number of teachers who stated negative opinions about the updated program outcomes is more than the number of teachers who claimed positive opinions about them. It has been revealed that issues related to the discipline of history and geography in the current curriculum are heavy and intense. It turned out that there are many shortcomings in the implementation of the program. These are deficiencies due to the textbooks, physical inadequacy of the schools, problems arisen due to the socio-economic level of families and fewer hours for the lessons.

2018-2019 EĞİTİM-ÖĞRETİM YILI SOSYAL BİLGİLER ZÜMRE TOPLANTI TUTANAKLARININ İNCELENMESİ: İSTANBUL ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Büşra Elçiçeği,Kaya Yilmaz / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 21/2021

This research was conducted in order to describe and evaluate the minutes of Social Studies group meetings of primary schools in Istanbul for the 2018-2019 academic year. Based on qualitative research, this study used document analysis. The minutes of 12 Social Studies group meetings in the first and second semesters of the 2018-2019 academic year in Istanbul were examined comparatively in the study. A total of 107 Social Studies teachers, 67 male and 44 female, 2 principals and 5 vice principals attended the meetings. The data consisting of meeting reports were analyzed by content analysis method. The subjects that constitute the agenda, teaching-learning process, measurement and evaluation, decisions taken to increase the success of students and the future, and decisions about work health and safety were analyzed in the reports of the group meetings. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the minutes of Social Studies group meetings were prepared in the form of copies of each other with an approach or work habit far from reality. The fact that only some minor changes were made in the agenda items of the group meetings and the use of lots of stereotypes indicates that the changing time in the meetings, specific conditions of schools and student needs were not taken into account adequately. It was detected that the reports of the group meetings in 1st semester are more detailed in terms of the number of pages, agenda items and the decisions taken, and that there are not many details in the reports of the group meetings in the 2nd semester.

4-6 Yaş Kur’ân Kursu Öğreticilerine Göre Mahremiyet Eğitimi ve Önemi

Author(s): Ramazan Diler / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 41/2020

The Qur’an course is one of the major non-formal education institutions in our country. The primary goals of this institution is to teach the Qur’an and basic religious knowledge to its participants. This institution has expanded its working area in time in accordance with its mission. As a pilot application, Qur’an courses started to accept students in order to provide religious education to preschool children as of the 2013-2014 academic year. The current Qur’an course teachers undertook the education of children in this period. The courses that accept students in this way are known as Quran courses for ages 4-6. Based on the needs of the children, it is known that different activities take place in the context of values education in the Qur’an courses of ages 4-6. Recently, it has been observed that privacy training is also included in the courses for reasons such as frequent child abuse. However, the privacy education applied in the Quran courses is not directly expressed in the curriculum of the Qur’an course of 4-6 years of age. It can be said that privacy education is a religious, moral and culturally healthy sexual identity development education. Nevertheless, privacy education takes care and protection of the child’s own privacy; it is a comprehensive education that includes respecting someone else’s private spaces. The aim of this education is to raise children as a healthy individual from an early age. These practices and informations, which aim to make children gain positive qualities and to be sensitive to some negativities, should be considered important.It is worth exploring what the contribution of privacy education is to the child’s upbringing as a healthy individual. Examining the opinions of the instructors about privacy education is considered important for the curriculum development studies. Therefore, the science of religious education should investigate the competencies of the Qur’an course instructors in privacy education. This discipline should investigate teachers’ thoughts about privacy; accordingly, they need to analyze and evaluate what kind of privacy education they have developed. In addition, the opinions of the Qur’an course instructors aged 4-6 about the importance of privacy education should be revealed and analyzed. Scientific investigation of these dimensions is thought to make important contributions to curriculum developers and parents, especially those carrying out educational activities in the Qur’an courses. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of the Qur’an course instructors of 4-6 years of age as an example of a situation in the preschool period about privacy education. Understanding the thoughts of the teachers who carry out studies in an important area and guide learning about privacy education makes the study important. To the other teachers and employees who work in the preschool, especially the instructors of the Qur’an courses of 4-6 years of age of working with this experiment; it is thought that it will provide important contributions to parents, academicians working on privacy education, curriculum developers. Qualitative research model was preferred in this study. The case study design, one of the qualitative research designs, was chosen for the study. Case study is defined as “an empirical research method that works within a real life framework of a current phenomenon and examines the situations in many ways, systematically and in depth”. The sample in the study was determined by the typical case sampling method, which is one of the purposeful sampling methods. Typical case sampling means “selecting individuals who are likely to behave like others”. Interview was deemed appropriate as a data collection tool in this study. Interview is one of the most common data collection methods used in research in social sciences. Consequently, inter-viewing is a very effective method of obtaining information about individuals’ experiences, attitudes, opinions, complaints, feelings and beliefs. In the 2019-2020 academic year, 10 Qur’an Course instructors were interviewed in the center of Tokat province. Data obtained through study tools were analyzed with content analysis method. Content analysis is defined as “a systematic, repeatable technique in which some words of a text are summarized with smaller content categories with coding based on certain rules”. Some of the results obtained from the study are as follows; According to the Qur’an course instructors of 4-6 years of age, the concept of privacy has a wide content that can be associated with almost all of the personality, morality, adaptation, religion, society, education, family, school and behaviors in these institutions. There is no common understanding among the Quran course instructors regarding the definition of privacy education. Qur’an course instructors of 4-6 years of age think that there is a relationship between sexual education and privacy education, but privacy education is more comprehensive and more appropriate to meet needs. Instructors thought that privacy education should be directly related to morality and adaptability. In some opinions, it was suggested that training in morality or adaptability might be sufficient for the child’s sense of privacy. The tutorials mostly associated privacy education in some way with moral education. This shows that privacy education is understood as a comprehensive moral education. According to the teachers, privacy education is an education that children should definitely take. It was seen that the teachers were in full agreement on this subject. According to the instructors, this education can make a significant contribution to the child, such as knowing and respecting himself and others. Depending on this study, the following suggestions are included; New, different field studies with the theme of privacy education can be carried out for instructors and teachers working in all other institutions, especially preschool education institutions. This study demonstrated the need for privacy education in preservice training programs. Therefore, it can be suggested that teachers and instructors working in all levels and institutions of early childhood education should be provided with a planned and scheduled privacy training and included in this education.

4th International Scientific Conference SEC - IASR 2019

4th International Scientific Conference SEC - IASR 2019

Author(s): Simona Marin,Petronel Moisescu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2020

4th International Scientific Conference "Sports, Education, Culture - Interdisciplinary Approaches in Scientific Research", SEC-IASR 2019, Galati, Romania, 7th – 8th June, 2019

6 – 12 Yaş Grubu TÜBİTAK Çocuk Kitaplarının Değerler Eğitimi Yönünden İncelenmesi

Author(s): Salim Pilav,Mustafa Orhan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 03/2020

The purpose of this study is to analyse the books published by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) for the 6-12 age groups in terms of values education and to put forward these books’ contribution to values education. In this study, 11 narrative books belonging to the 8 - 12 age groups are examined, which are randomly selected among 215 TÜBİTAK children's books for the 6 - 12 age groups. This analysis shows that in the books the value of love is referred the most (156 times) while the value of justice is alluded the least (22 times). In this study, descriptive research method and scanning model are used because it is aimed to reveal an existing situation. 215 books in the 6-12 age groups published by TÜBİTAK constitute the population of this research. In this population, randomly selected 11 narrative books belonging to the 8 - 12 age groups are chosen samples. The research is limited to 11 books. Findings obtained are given within the framework of related titles.

A BIOENERGY COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT TOOL: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION

Author(s): Tingxuan Li,Kari L. Clase,Weiling Li,Anne Traynor / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

This research is motivated by the perspective that when empirical studies and assessment frameworks inform each other, assessments can enrich science education and strengthen its connections to modern science. The research proposes a bioenergy competency assessment for science education. It uses an argument-based approach to validation. Multiple types of validity evidence were collected to support the proposed scores use and scores interpretation. Along with reporting a series of psychometric properties of response data, the findings indicated that empirical response data corresponded to the hypothesized data structure. The latent logistic scale estabished through a generalized partial credit model (GPCM) seemed useful in measuring students’ bioenergy competency.

A CASE STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF HIPPOTHERAPY IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN WITH MULTIPLE DISABILITIES

Author(s): Kristýna MIŠKOVSKÁ,Markéta JANATOVÁ,Kateřina Čapková,Martin VÍTĚZNÍK / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

Introduction: Hippotherapy is a physiotherapeutic method based on influencing the patient by three-dimensional mechanics of horseback movement. The method is used mainly in pediatric patients with various types of disabilities to improve motor and cognitive functions. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of hippotherapy in children with multiple disabilities. Material and methods: Within this case study, impact of hippotherapy on three school-age patients with multiple disabilities was observed. Heart rate was measured and recorded during the therapy and during the contact with the horse before and after the therapy. Prior to the study and after 6 weeks period, an examination was performed by physiotherapist. Results: Significant drop in heart rate was observed in all three patients, corresponding with getting in the contact with the horse, getting on the horse and at the beginning of the ride. Heart rate raised again when the patient conducted active physical exercise. Based on the final examination improved body posture and gait was observed. Conclusion: We verified in the scope of three cases that impact of hippotherapy on children can be assessed based on detecting changes in heart rate. Improvement in fields on which this therapy aims was observed.

A COGNITIVE MODEL TO ANALYSE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS: MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS IMPLIED IN SOLVING ACTIONS

Author(s): Vanessa Álvarez,Tarcilo Torres,Zulma Gangoso,Vicente Sanjosé / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2020

In physics and chemistry, the development of problem-solving skills is necessary to become an expert. A simple cognitive model to analyse such development is proposed and tested. An exploratory research was conducted with expert professors and students in initial and advanced years. A think aloud procedure was used to obtain relevant data while the participants tried to solve undefined, open problems. Solving these problems required a particular skill representative of expertise: modelling reality using science. More than 1350 solving actions were collected and related to the mental representations elaborated, developed and inter-related by solvers. The proposed model was able to account for expert-novice differences in terms of the respective distributions of solving actions among the mental representations. Large differences appeared in the mental representation of Conceptual scientific Model. In addition, advanced and initial students showed similar and significant averages of unproductive actions, while experts took very few. Experts showed high convergence in their distributions of actions among the mental representations. If the outcomes were replicated with higher external validity, the model could help researchers to analyse the cognitive mechanisms in problem-solving, and teachers to better focus their efforts on specific students’ lacks.

A Combinatorial Question Related to an Easter Tradition Led to a New Entry in OEIS

Author(s): Ivaylo Kortezov / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

In some regions of Bulgaria (at least) there is an Easter tradition, according to which in group of people first each one chooses a differently coloured egg, then each pair of people performs a swap (or swaps) by exchanging the eggs they currently have until everyone gets the originally chosen egg. This generates a natural question: if there are n people in the group, find the least number E(n) of swaps which makes this possible. We prove that E(n) is the least even number not less than n(n−1)/2. The sequence thus generated was added to the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences and linked from there to several seemingly distant combinatorial results.

A comparative study of reading comprehension skills among Hungarian students in Hungary and Slovakia

Author(s): Ildikó Vančo,Viktória Gergelyová / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

The present study aims to map the reading comprehension skills of the primary school students in Hungary and Slovakia and to see what differences there are in the reading habits, self-assessment and actual performance in reading comprehension between the two groups. A total of 240 survey respondents from the two countries and belonging to two age groups participated in this phase of research. The survey consisted of two parts. The first part was a self-completed questionnaire consisting of 23 questions, in which the students' sociological background, language use, reading habits, and subjective opinions related to the assessment of reading comprehension skills were assessed. The second part was a reading comprehension test, which consisted of three sets of texts and questions adapted to the cognitive abilities of the two age groups. An analysis of the answers shows that there is no significant difference between the self-evaluation of students in the two countries regarding their reading comprehension skills. There is however a difference between the reading habits of Hungarian students in Hungary vs. in Slovakia in both age groups, and a significant difference between the results of the reading comprehension test in the groups of students from the two countries.

A Continuum of Approaches to School Inspections: Cases from Europe

Author(s): Rossitsa Simeonova,Yonka Parvanova,Martin Brown,Gerry McNamara,Sarah Gardezi,Joe O’Hara,Laura Del Castillo Blanco,Zacharoula Kechri,Eleni Beniata / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

School inspection systems have undergone a transformation in response to the changing social and economic scenarios across Europe. However, two major approaches can easily be identified that also define the two ends of the continuum of the approaches to school inspection. On one end is a high stake sanctions oriented inspection while on the other end is the low stakes advisory inspection. The elements that contribute to the rigour of school inspection include governance arrangements, statutory powers of the inspectorate including powers of sanction, the forms and frequency of inspection visits, the level of emphasis on school self-evaluation and action planning for improvement; and availability of support services for the schools. The current paper presents four cases from Europe: Bulgaria, Ireland, Greece and Spain (Extremadura) describing how school inspection is organised in these countries as defined in the governing legislation and to which end of the continuum their inspection system is tilted in the light of that case’s performance on the above indicators. Towards the end, this paper makes a comparison of the cases and suggests why the relationship of trust and respect between inspectors and the inspected is stronger in some cases and how developing inspection systems can benefit from analysing the established systems.

A CROSS-AGE COMPARISON OF SCIENCE STUDENT TEACHERS’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF SOIL EROSION

Author(s): Sibel Er Nas,Muammer Çalık / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2018

The relevant literature has shown that student teachers hold alternative conceptions of soil erosion. Even though Turkish science student teachers are expected to teach the concept of ‘soil erosion’ in lower secondary schools (grades 5-8), none of the earlier studies have explored their conceptual growth and/or mental models throughout a 4-year undergraduate program. Indeed, science (student) teachers, who play a pivotal role in teaching the sustainability of soil as an environmental heritage, are able to transfer their environmental knowledge and mental models to younger generations. Therefore, the aim of this research was to elicit science student teachers’ (SSTs) understanding of soil erosion. In a cross-age comparison, the sample of the research was comprised of the first-year (n=54), second-year (n=62), third-year (n=60), and fourth-year of a four-year science education program (n=65), a total of 241 SSTs, enrolled at the Department of Science Education in Karadeniz Technical University in Turkey. A questionnaire with 4 open-ended questions and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The results indicated that the majority of the SSTs confused the concept of ‘soil erosion’ with the one ‘landslide’. For this reason, the current research suggests the development of analogies and computer simulations to overcome this confusion.

A FEASIBLE GUIDANCE FOR ORDERED MULTIPLE-CHOICE ITEMS IN STUDENTS’ HIERARCHICAL UNDERSTANDING LEVELS

Author(s): King-Dow Su / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

This research focuses on students’ 5 hierarchical levels of Ordered Multiple-Choice (OMC) items for their extensive conceptualized understanding in the particulate nature of matter (PNM) chemistry. The basic framework for OMC items is to link students’ conceptual understanding levels with possible cognitive responses. Developed as the substantial learning perspective, OMC item approaches benefit students with dominant formulations in directing a new impetus on individual mental constructions. This research attempts to establish the validity and reliability through assessing students’ understanding levels. The main methodology of innovative OMC design manifests students’ verified responsive accumulations; with 5 hierarchical mental conceptualizations from naive understanding up to complete systemic PNM understanding. OMC findings offer students more choices to determine the most appropriate corresponding answer towards different conceptualization levels and to set their individual responses at the medium understanding levels. All contribution of this research gives students’ future perspectives in more collaborative engagements with further administering OMC items.

A háttér-televíziózás hatása kisiskolás gyermekek feladat-megoldási teljesítményére

Author(s): Ágnes Sántha,Melánia-Madonna Nagy / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 30/2016

Our research deals with the impact of background television upon the learning performance of children aged 6 to 10. Learning performance was measured with an experiment where the treatment group solved school problems with the television on in the background, whereas the control group worked in a quiet place suitable for learning. According to our results, multitasking negatively influences intellectual performance, and this effect intensifies with age and with the complexity of problems to be solved.