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4.50 €

Państwo jako rzecz wspólna (res publica) w renesansowej myśli politycznej

Author(s): Dorota Pietrzyk-Reeves / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors present the political values ​​functioning in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - primarily, but not only, in the community of politically active noble citizens. They try to recreate them on the basis of a thorough analysis of various sources - treaties and political journalism, public speeches at the Seym and regional councils, but also unofficial statements, private exchange of views between participants in political life. The subject of the analysis is, inter alia, the ideal of the state as a community of citizens present in the political discourse, as well as the contemporary vision of a man-citizen, a member of the political community, and his obligations towards it. The authors also present and interpret the then understanding of the concepts of homeland or patriotism, and devote a lot of attention to the fundamental values ​​of the political life of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as law and freedom. They show the analyzed issues not only in a broader European context, but also in different epochs, which allows to follow the evolution in the understanding and evaluation of political concepts and ideals. The 12-volume series of monographs Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczpospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości​​” presents the cultural heritage of the 15th and 18th centuries as an integral but original part of European culture. The research goal is to identify the ways and forms of the mutual transmission of aesthetic, political and religious values ​​and to present in a broad, multilateral comparative context the axiological structure of Polish culture of the past epochs. Cultural texts are examined from an internal perspective as records of acts aimed at understanding values, and from an external perspective as statements that join European literary-aesthetic, political and religious discussions. In an intense dialogue, the culture of the Republic of Poland shows not only a receptivity to new ideas, but also creativity and dynamics of action in Europe.

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Wpływ konfesjonalizacji katolickiej na dyskurs polityczny w Rzeczypospolitej XVI–XVIII wieku. Wizje państwa i społeczeństwa

Author(s): Urszula Augustyniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors present the political values functioning in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – primarily, but not only, in the community of politically active noble citizens. They try to recreate them on the basis of a thorough analysis of various sources – treaties and political journalism, public speeches at the Sejm and regional councils, but also unofficial statements, private exchange of views between participants in political life. The subject of the analysis is, inter alia, the ideal of the state as a community of citizens present in the political discourse, as well as the contemporary vision of a man-citizen, a member of the political community, and his obligations towards it. The authors also present and interpret the then understanding of the concepts of homeland or patriotism, and devote a lot of attention to the fundamental values of the political life of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as law and freedom. They show the analyzed issues not only in a broader European context, but also in different epochs, which allows to follow the evolution in the understanding and evaluation of political concepts and ideals. The 12-volume series of monographs "Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczpospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości” presents the cultural heritage of the 15th and 18th centuries as an integral but original part of European culture. The research goal is to identify the ways and forms of the mutual transmission of aesthetic, political and religious values and to present in a broad, multilateral comparative context the axiological structure of Polish culture of the past epochs. Cultural texts are examined from an internal perspective as records of acts aimed at understanding values, and from an external perspective as statements that join European literary-aesthetic, political and religious discussions. In an intense dialogue, the culture of the Republic of Poland shows not only a receptivity to new ideas, but also creativity and dynamics of action in Europe.

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Rzeczpospolita – państwo czy wspólnota. Zmiany w systemie wartości w dyskursie politycznym wieku XVIII

Author(s): Anna Grześkowiak-Krwawicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors present the political values functioning in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – primarily, but not only, in the community of politically active noble citizens. They try to recreate them on the basis of a thorough analysis of various sources – treaties and political journalism, public speeches at the Sejm and regional councils, but also unofficial statements, private exchange of views between participants in political life. The subject of the analysis is, inter alia, the ideal of the state as a community of citizens present in the political discourse, as well as the contemporary vision of a man-citizen, a member of the political community, and his obligations towards it. The authors also present and interpret the then understanding of the concepts of homeland or patriotism, and devote a lot of attention to the fundamental values of the political life of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as law and freedom. They show the analyzed issues not only in a broader European context, but also in different epochs, which allows to follow the evolution in the understanding and evaluation of political concepts and ideals. The 12-volume series of monographs „Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczpospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości” presents the cultural heritage of the 15th and 18th centuries as an integral but original part of European culture. The research goal is to identify the ways and forms of the mutual transmission of aesthetic, political and religious values and to present in a broad, multilateral comparative context the axiological structure of Polish culture of the past epochs. Cultural texts are examined from an internal perspective as records of acts aimed at understanding values, and from an external perspective as statements that join European literary-aesthetic, political and religious discussions. In an intense dialogue, the culture of the Republic of Poland shows not only a receptivity to new ideas, but also creativity and dynamics of action in Europe.

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„Sine iustitia in libertate żyć nie chcemy”. Prawo i sprawiedliwość w dyskursie politycznym kampanii sejmowych lat 1696–1762

Author(s): Michał Zwierzykowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors present the political values functioning in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – primarily, but not only, in the community of politically active noble citizens. They try to recreate them on the basis of a thorough analysis of various sources – treaties and political journalism, public speeches at the Sejm and regional councils, but also unofficial statements, private exchange of views between participants in political life. The subject of the analysis is, inter alia, the ideal of the state as a community of citizens present in the political discourse, as well as the contemporary vision of a man-citizen, a member of the political community, and his obligations towards it. The authors also present and interpret the then understanding of the concepts of homeland or patriotism, and devote a lot of attention to the fundamental values of the political life of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as law and freedom. They show the analyzed issues not only in a broader European context, but also in different epochs, which allows to follow the evolution in the understanding and evaluation of political concepts and ideals. The 12-volume series of monographs „Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczpospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości” presents the cultural heritage of the 15th and 18th centuries as an integral but original part of European culture. The research goal is to identify the ways and forms of the mutual transmission of aesthetic, political and religious values and to present in a broad, multilateral comparative context the axiological structure of Polish culture of the past epochs. Cultural texts are examined from an internal perspective as records of acts aimed at understanding values, and from an external perspective as statements that join European literary-aesthetic, political and religious discussions. In an intense dialogue, the culture of the Republic of Poland shows not only a receptivity to new ideas, but also creativity and dynamics of action in Europe.

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Wartości polityczne Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów a granice aksjologiczne cywilizacji europejskiej – kilka refleksji końcowych

Author(s): Jan Kieniewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors present the political values functioning in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – primarily, but not only, in the community of politically active noble citizens. They try to recreate them on the basis of a thorough analysis of various sources – treaties and political journalism, public speeches at the Sejm and regional councils, but also unofficial statements, private exchange of views between participants in political life. The subject of the analysis is, inter alia, the ideal of the state as a community of citizens present in the political discourse, as well as the contemporary vision of a man-citizen, a member of the political community, and his obligations towards it. The authors also present and interpret the then understanding of the concepts of homeland or patriotism, and devote a lot of attention to the fundamental values of the political life of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, such as law and freedom. They show the analyzed issues not only in a broader European context, but also in different epochs, which allows to follow the evolution in the understanding and evaluation of political concepts and ideals. The 12-volume series of monographs „Kultura Pierwszej Rzeczpospolitej w dialogu z Europą. Hermeneutyka wartości” presents the cultural heritage of the 15th and 18th centuries as an integral but original part of European culture. The research goal is to identify the ways and forms of the mutual transmission of aesthetic, political and religious values and to present in a broad, multilateral comparative context the axiological structure of Polish culture of the past epochs. Cultural texts are examined from an internal perspective as records of acts aimed at understanding values, and from an external perspective as statements that join European literary-aesthetic, political and religious discussions. In an intense dialogue, the culture of the Republic of Poland shows not only a receptivity to new ideas, but also creativity and dynamics of action in Europe.

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Z ziemi polskiej w świat. Z romantyzmem w tle

Author(s): Daniel Kalinowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article shows Sholem Asch’s biographical and mental connections with Poland and Polish culture. In addition, the worldview factors, derived from the tradition of romanticism, and especially from the space of Polish romanticism, are presented in the Asch system of values. "As a result,, the Yiddish writer derived his thinking about literature as much from the Jewish tradition as from reading works by Adam Mickiewicz or Juliusz Słowacki. Moreover, in his project of public life and Polish-Jewish relations, Asch was of the opinion that, thanks to civic models represented by Berek Joselewicz, Tadeusz Kościuszko and Józef Piłsudski, peaceful and beneficial coexistence of Jews and Poles in one country – Poland – was possible.

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Między diasporą a wielkim światem. O przestrzeni kulturowej w opowiadaniach Szaloma Asza

Author(s): Olaf Krysowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Some short stories of Sholem Asch, such as The Daughter of the Master, Dina, Cantor and his Choristers, My Most Beautiful Love or Beauty were translated from Yiddish into Polish by Stanisław Wygodzki and published jointly in 1964. The storylines of these works are focused on socio-cultural issues and show pictures of life in a small-town Jewish diaspora. The space in them is shaped specificically, as it is organized around the cultural values of the Jewish community. The great world which extends beyond the diaspora is identified by the writer with the Zionist dream of the Promised Land and with the return to the great ancestral culture of the patriarchs and the prophets. In turn, the diaspora is associated with narrow alleys of a small town, with an area of the nation’s everyday life, its worries, passions, typical activities (work, celebration, studying, reading the Talmud, praying in the synagogue), as well as existential, moral and religious problems. There is only one strange element in this bipolar composition – the vestigial nature of the description of the autochthonous territory, which (in the light of anthropological research) should accompany the images of ethnic groups forming “the community in the community”. The autochthonous space in Asch’s short stories is usually shown as terra incognita, an alien, dangerous land inhabited by suspicious representatives of local authorities or described explicitly as a space of moral decay, which disinherits the Jews from their traditions and dooms them to perish.

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Córka jaśnie pana oraz Uroda Szaloma Asza w kontekście realizmu modernistycznego

Author(s): Wiesław Rzońca / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author advances the thesis that Sholem Asch’s epic should be situated against the background of modernist realism with its specific features, which include „scattering the meanings” and focusing on the present of the world shown as if involuntarily. Thus, Asch creatively neutralizes the realism of the second half of the 19th century, whose ideological background was homogeneous.

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Zmagania z pojęciem ofiary. Czarodziejka z Kastylii jako nowela wiktymologiczna

Author(s): Karol Samsel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In this study, discussing the previous state of research on The Witch of Castille, I give my own voice in the debate upon the theory of evil inscribed in Sholem Asch’s long short story. I express doubt about defining the text as "Jewish Quo vadis" and consider if the writer’s efforts to create the moral world of Paul IV’s Rome should not be compared (rather) with the effort of Joseph Conrad constructing the axiosphere of Heart of Darkness. To prove Asch’s distance towards the ethics of Sienkiewicz’s heroes and, on the contrary, closeness – towards Conrad’s characters, I analyze The Witch of Castille in the light of (1) the mysterial-sacrificial topic of René Girard, (2) the theory of symbols and archetypes of Carl Gustav Jung, (3) Tadeusz Kobierzycki’s "axiological metabolism", (4) Ernst Cassirer’s symbol-forming practices, (5) Shakespearean intertextuality of Asch’s long short story as well as (5) the theory of Kantean’s das radikal Böse, and among the other issues – (6) I also juxtapose the Conradian Leopold’s Kongo and Aschian Paul IV’s Piazzo di Judea.

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Kontemplacyjny wymiar opowiadań Szaloma Asza (refleksje przy lekturze opowiadania Żydowskie dziecko)

Author(s): Ewa Hoffmann-Piotrowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article attempts to analyze the Jewish Child, a story by Sholem Asch, (in the context of the song Crazy Mother written by the same author ) as a parabolic, meditative text with special contemplative properties, which due to the addressed issues (individual-collective relationship, human boundary situation) and construction (the structure of an “open work”) associates this work with Romantic heritage. The text brings out the special feature of Asch’s writing, which can be described as a connection between realism, moral or historical specificity and metaphysical depth, pulsating under the canvas of a realistic pictureand located in the spiritual dimension.

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Małżeństwo żydowskie w opowiadaniach Szaloma Asza – kryzys i siła tradycji

Author(s): Maria Ciostek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article analyses the clash between tradition and modernity in the short stories written by Sholem Asch on the example of the institution of marriage. Asch was deeply rooted in Jewish culture, but at the same time, he strayed away from the tradition of his ancestors. He watches the world he knows so well from the outside. He notices the crisis of tradition among Jewish communities and exemplifies it through marriage, one of the most important Jewish rituals. In his short stories, he presents people who break the tradition bymarrying beneath themselves, not following all the elements of the ritual, choosing spouses against traditional advice. However, this neglect of tradition rebounds on the heroes – they are lonely, suffer from social ostracism, feel excluded, do not get along with the spouse or even die. Asch creates a hermetic world of a Jewish community which is slowly pervaded with unwanted changes. On the one hand, the narrator finds this tradition beautiful and loves it, on the other, it is anachronistic, rotten and destroys the characters in his stories..

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Uścisk Szekspira

Author(s): Anna Cetera-Włodarczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

A collection of essays dedicated to the memory of a renowned Shakespeare scholar Andrzej Żurowski (1944–2013). The book is devoted to the interpretation and reception of Shakespeare’s works in Polish theatre and abroad, to theatrical practices and various dramatic devices, to translations and comparative studies, as well as to polemics and Shakespearean inspirations in broadly defined culture: in music, iconography, and translation. A diverse study of the phenomenon of the contemporary and global Shakespeare.

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Biogram i bibliografia prac Andrzeja Żurowskiego

Author(s): Jolanta Betkowska / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

A collection of essays dedicated to the memory of a renowned Shakespeare scholar Andrzej Żurowski (1944–2013). The book is devoted to the interpretation and reception of Shakespeare’s works in Polish theatre and abroad, to theatrical practices and various dramatic devices, to translations and comparative studies, as well as to polemics and Shakespearean inspirations in broadly defined culture: in music, iconography, and translation. A diverse study of the phenomenon of the contemporary and global Shakespeare.

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Szekspir w teatrze Stanisława Koźmiana, Kraków: 1865-1885

Author(s): Marta Gibińska / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Koźmian, director of Cracow’s City Theatre in the years 1865–1885 and a theatre reviewer, created a well-organized theatrical enterprise with a distinct artistic profile and well-balanced repertoire in which the best Polish plays were shown together with the canonical French, German and Russian classics. Shakespeare loomed large in the Theatre’s repertoire because for Koźmian his plays were the top achievement of European drama. The paper examines Koźmian’s ideas about drama, theatre and acting; his emphasis on both Polish and European plays in the repertoire results from the ambition to change the provincial stage into a national one, influencing and stimulating intellectual and artistic life in the then partitioned country. In this context the gradual introduction of Shakespeare’s plays (or rather their adaptations) in new translations is shown as a process of appropriating them as part and parcel of Polish culture.

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Bolesław Prus podziwia Helenę Modrzejewską

Author(s): Józef Bachórz / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Bolesław Prus took a lively interest in Polish theatre, which he followed out of a sense of journalistic duty (throughout his life Prus earned most of his income through journalism). He took careful note of major events in Poland’s cultural life, notably those taking place in the Russian-occupied Kingdom of Poland, where the theatres were licensed to produce plays in Polish. Prus did not put a lot of a weight on theatre, which he never saw as fundamental to the nation’s life (he was similarly unimpressed by the other arts, including, perhaps a touch surprisingly, literature), and tended to focus instead on those areas which he saw as more fundamental to the well-being of society, such as education, science, economic development or relationships between social classes. Having said that, Prus enjoyed his theatre, and he paid attention to productions taking place in Warsaw. Notable among his numerous columns on the problems, events and personalities of Warsaw’s theatre are those which focus on the actress Helena Modrzejewska. Many of his columns written in 1882 and 1885 pay considerable attention to the actress. Prus believed that Modrzejewska was one of the most eminent artists of the theatre in Poland and abroad, and he ranked her alongside the famous Sarah Bernhardt. He admired here xtraordinary talent and range of expression, noting how her professionalism was based on reliability and diligence. Prus never joined her critics who decried Modrzejewska’s decision to pursue a career in the United States and did not see her as being unpatriotic. He criticised instead the Polish version of the tall poppy syndrome whose poisonous brew of envy and backbiting encouraged the more enterprising individuals to leave the country for an international career.

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Hamlet i Hamlet 1914. Rekonesans

Author(s): Jan Michalik / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

This article was inspired by a handwritten outline of the “screenplay” for a largely forgotten 1914 production of Hamlet in Kraków; drafted by Tadeusz Pawlikowski, widely regarded as the greatest director and theatre principal of late 19th- and early 20th-century Poland. The article opens with a description of the manuscript, a hitherto unknown document which preserves traces of the creative effort leading to the production’s premiere. The first section pieces together evidence from the manuscript with details gleaned from contemporary reviews to reconstruct the structure of the production (which involved over a dozen separate scenes), and the structure of the stage-space which used elements of a 1909 (1912) Max Rheinhard production at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin. The second section of the article argues that the production was a turning point in the critical appreciation of Karol Adwentowicz’s performance as Hamlet, more than five years after the great modernist actor added the character to his repertoire. The article is intended as a sort of reconnaissance mission to encourage further scholarly attention to what was arguably one of the most interesting theatrical productions of Hamlet in Poland.

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Z szekspirowskiego archiwum reżysera

Author(s): Kazimierz Braun / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

The essay presents Kazimierz Braun’s Shakespeare productions directed in the United States. It opens with recollections of productions of plays by Shakespeare in which Braun either acted (Twelfth Night, Poznań University, 1957) or which he directed. These included Romeo and Juliet (Teatr Polski, Warsaw 1963), Hamlet (Teatr im. J. Osterwy, Lublin 1968), Twelfth Night (Teatr Współczesny, Wrocław 1981), Hamlet (PWST Theatre Academy in Wrocław, 1984), and also Twelfth Night in Esslingen, West Germany (1984). In America, Braun first directed his own medley of love scenes from Romeo and Juliet and Twelfth Night (Swarthmore College, 1985). Next, he directed a series of the Bard’s plays at the Shakespeare in Delaware Park Festival in Buffalo, New York: Henry V (1987), Julius Caesar (1988), King Lear (1989), and As You Like It (1991). He also staged Richard III at the Kavinoky Theatre in Buffalo (1999), where he was responsible for directing and stage design. Directing Shakespeare in its original English and in an open air setting helped Braun discover what he calls new Shakespearean horizons: the blank verse which is “actional” and totally integrates the actor’s words and deeds, controlling the actor not unlike a horse bridle, and at the same time guiding the actor’s actions, energizing him/her and imposing a rhythm on speech and movement; and secondly, replicating in the open-air theatre the potentially three-dimensional space of Elizabethan theatre, allowing a smooth and expressive structuring of the action.

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Shakespeare, the Polish Director’s Contemporary

Author(s): Kathleen Cioffi / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

“Shakespeare, the Polish Director’s Contemporary” considers two Polish productions of Shakespeare plays in the National Audiovisual Institute’s “Polish Contemporary Shakespeare” series. The author discusses the Polish tradition of “Shakespeare mania” and then analyzes Jan Klata’s production H. (an adaptation of Hamlet) and Krzysztof Warlikowski’s production Burza. Both directors apply Jan Kott’s idea that Shakespeare can be our contemporary to their productions, but they do so in different ways. The directors’ ability to achieve contemporaneity in their productions depends not only on stylistic directorial choices, but also on the changing nature of contemporary reality itself in the post-1989 era. Klata’s production seems to be almost an illustration of Kott’s discussion of Hamlet in Szkice o Szekspirze, yet at the same time, it has a curiously old-fashioned, Cold War–era feeling. H. enlists Shakespeare in the argument over European Union accession, an argument that was au courant in 2004 when the production was first staged but now seems dated. Warlikowski’s production appears less immediately contemporary in Kott’s sense than H., yet it illustrates Kott’s notion that Burza is “a passionate reckoning with the real world” as it was influenced by the controversy over Jedwabne, an issue that remains resonant to this day.

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Poznańska dyrekcja Janusza Wiśniewskiego albo Czas na klasyków

Author(s): Tomasz Milkowski / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Janusz Wiśniewski’s auteur theatre project was born in Poznań in the early 1980s, catalysed by the production of Balladyna by Juliusz Słowacki in Teatr Nowy and followed by several more productions of original plays (including Koniec Europy [The End of Europe]). From the outset, Wiśniewski’s project provoked extreme reactions, enthusiastic or otherwise, with Andrzej Żurowski acting as a major advocate. Following the collapse of communism in the early 1990s, Wiśniewski tried to start a theatre company in Warsaw. When the project foundered after two premieres, he spent several years in Germany before coming back to Poznań, first as a director in Teatr Nowy, and later as theatre principal in 2003–2011. Wiśniewski successfully combined the roles of director and auteur. His Teatr Nowy tackled a number of dramatic forms ranging from traditional dramatic theatre (Romeo and Juliet) to metaphysical comedy (Richard III) and visual narrative theatre (The Tempest). Notably, Wiśniewski explored Polish and world classics at the time. This basic outline attempts to recreate Janusz Wiśniewski’s years at the helm in Poznań, and looks at his auteur productions which enjoyed good critical reception in Europe.

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Shakespeare’s Unhistorical Inventions and Deviations from Holinshed, and Their Dramatic Functions in Richard II

Author(s): Yun-Cheol Kim / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Much of the dramaturgical genius of Shakespeare’s later master tragedies is already to be found in Richard II, especially in his treatment of the main source: Holinshed’s Chronicles. This essay aims to explore Shakespeare’s departures from Holinshed in terms of characters and structure, and to see how they function in the drama. Shakespeare has changed Holinshed’s self-seeking Gaunt into an aged patriot to emphasize Richard’s weaknesses as King. He has matured Queen Isabel from a historical seven-year-old child to a fully grown woman, and facilitated Richard’s journey into self-discovery. In the garden scene that Shakespeare has invented, he even lets her, as Richard’s proxy, eavesdrop on the gardener’s admonitions on royal governance, in which Richard has failed. Most importantly, in terms of structure, Shakespeare puts the deposition scene before a large assembly in Westminster Hall, unlike historic Richard whose resignation was tendered by letter in the Tower of London. This invention, or deviation, enhances Richard as a tragic hero who has finally achieved self-knowledge, reconciliation to his fate, and victory in defeat. Shakespeare’s inventions and deviations from Holinshed in Richard II have foreshadowed some dramaturgical principles of his later great tragedies and surely put the play into a drama of truly tragic stature.

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