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4.50 €

IMPLICAREA STATULUI ROMÂN ÎN CĂSĂTORIILE MIXTE DINTRE ROMÂNI ŞI ROMI DE‑A LUNGUL SECOLELOR XVIII–XX

Author(s): Daniel Caraivan,Daniel Caraivan / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This article analyzes the legislative influence of the Romanian state in the process of mixed marriages between Roma and Romanians during and after slavery. The article aims to provide a broad and comprehensive perspective on this sensitive and important issue for Romanian history and culture, by examining the situation of mixed marriages from two perspectives: ethnic and social.The article first examines the concept of mixed marriage and its social construction, in relation to social standards and criteria for evaluating diversity. Further, data and information are presented regarding the legal framework regulating such marriages, including the code of laws issued in Romania and Moldova.The author then analyzes the evolution of mixed marriages between Romanians and Roma in different historical periods, starting from the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century, when the social situation of the Roma influenced these marriages. Additionally, the impact of mixed marriages during the Holocaust is examined, as well as how they affected the life of the roma community. Finally, the analysis focuses on the impact of the communist regime on mixed marriages between Romanians and roma and how it influenced their evolution during that period. Through this detailed and exhaustive study, the author offers a comprehensive perspective on mixed marriages between Romanians and roma, highlighting the involvement of the Romanian state in this sensitive and important issue for Romanian history and culture. This academic article represents a significant contribution to understanding the history and evolution of mixed marriages in Romania and Moldova.

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ROMII ÎNTRE IGNORANŢĂ ŞI MEŞTEŞUGURILE TRADIŢIONALE

Author(s): Marius Imre Parno / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Romania is home to the largest Roma community in Europe. Although it has been 167 years since the Roma were de‑segregated in Moldova and Romania, they live in poverty, in marginalized communities, without access to resources to lead a decent life.Roma handicrafts are no longer a source of income for most Roma and are practicing in isolation. This community is under the attention of local, central zone and European public institutions as well as Roma NGOs. Official documents mention Roma since the second half of the 14th century on the territory of Romania3. The Roma ethnic group is made up of several races. The name of these nations is generated by the occupation practiced, for example: the nation of the lute‑players, the nation of the gabori, the nation of the lickers, the nation of the goldsmiths, the nation of the silversmiths, the nation of the spoilers, the nation of the florists, the nation of the blacksmiths etc. Sociologist Vasile Burtea lists 18 nations of Roma4.Our research objective was to identify the patterns of traditional and non‑traditional economic activities practicing in the Roma communities of Timisoara and Cluj‑Napoca in the context of identity dynamics, and to identify the traditional and non‑traditional socio‑economic activities practicing in the Roma communities of Timişoara and Cluj‑Napoca, according to their ethnicity. We undertook quantitative research.We used the interview operator questionnaire – a reliable method to obtain a faithful and representative picture in a short time. Roma from Timisoara and Cluj‑Napoca participated in the research.

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ROMII DIN EVUL MEDIU ÎNTRE MISTER, MAGIE ŞI ROBIE

Author(s): Cristinel Constantin Roman,Cristinel Constantin Roman / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The present article has a relatively large extent in terms of space and period in the mysterious history of the Roma. During this work I will capture aspects related to migration, the appearance in Europe and in the Romanian territories, in the religious, linguistically and social context mentioned in the documents with reference to the Roma. Since the Roma migration takes place along a route that is uncertain, but linguistically and genetically argued, the coherent and perceptible identification of the main moments is impetuously necessary also from the perspective of the names and occupations attributed to the Roma. The fact that historical events do not highlight relevant Roma characters allows the reproduction and highlighting of elements of social history specific to the Roma ethnic group. Since the first documentary mentions with information about the Roma population, in the Romanian territories, show their state of slavery, and the perpetuation of an imposed name for the members of the ethnic group, the historical context of the appearance of the Roma both in the areas near Romania and in the Romanian territories becomes a very important one. Why do Roma appear as slaves in historical documents?Gypsies can only be born slaves…

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PASTORAŢIA ROMILOR – BAZELE RELAŢIONĂRII ÎNTRE CLERIC ŞI ENORIAŞI

Author(s): Marin Trandafir Roz / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This research paper mostly involves a personal approach, which in addition to the bibliographic sources specific to its theme will also show a series of facts experienced by myself from my position as a cleric in a Rroma parish. The relationship between parishioners and clerics is usually based on the respect they have toward the priest, parish priest, cleric, or deacon, without going deeper into the relationship with the representative of the parish at a personal level, the neighbour, friend, fellow etc. Thus, the research paper will show an analysis of those intervention mechanisms at a parish level, looking at those affiliated with it and at a significant number of Rroma people from the point of view of the relationship with them, their implication in the activities of the church, their roles and responsibilities. So the research will analyse the most relevant mechanisms the representatives of the church use, starting from the concept of mission in the Rroma community, as well as how it is received by the members of these communities, and how they perceive the rules they must follow during service.

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LOCUIREA LA ROMI – DE LA SOCIALISM LA CAPITALISM ŞI INCLUZIUNE EUROPEANĂ

Author(s): Eugen Ghiță,Eugen Ghiță / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Throughout the South‑East European region, Roma communities live in conditions of extreme poverty and social marginalization. Housing and settlement issues are some of the most pressing problems faced by the Roma population, alongside education, employment and healthcare. But these areas are actually interlinked, as substandard living conditions lead to ill health, while having legal residence with secure living conditions is a prerequisite for the recognition and fulfilment of other rights. Without an address, it is often impossible to register with public services or perform income‑generating activities. Problems that can result from insecure residence include: forced evictions, lack of security of land tenure, inadequate alternative housing, lack of civil registration and the inability of Roma children to attend school. Addressing housing and settlement issues helps break the vicious circle of exclusion.

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EXPLORAREA SPERANŢEI ÎN CREŞTINISMUL ROMILOR: O ANALIZĂ TEOLOGICĂ ŞI ETNOGRAFICĂ A DINAMICII SPIRITUALE ŞI SOCIALE TRANSFORMATOARE

Author(s): George Rafael NĂSTASE,George Rafael Năstase / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This study explores the concept of hope in Roma Christianity through a theological and ethnographic lens. It aims to understand how hope is perceived and lived among Roma Christian communities, highlighting its transformative impact on their lives.Using qualitative research methods, the study investigates the role of hope in religious practices such as prayer, reading, and study the Bible with regularity. In addition to spiritual practices, education will be another additional factor contributing to the hope of Roma communities. The subject of this article is intensely analyzed both in the academic and sociological world: the Roma problem, but especially the exploration of hope in evangelical Roma Christianity. Over the past 150 years, the situation of Roma has moved from abolition, extermination, non‑recognition (by the Romanian communist regime) to mass political maneuvering. On the other hand, large sums of money (43.3 billion) have been allocated from the European Union „to improve the lives of vulnerable groups, including Roma communities”.The Roma, however, remain Europe’s largest diaspora, perhaps with the largest number of ethnic churches, searching for religious identity. Considering the turbulent historical context of the Roma and the close connection of Christianity in its traditional form, is Christianity, in its evangelical form, the answer to the search for hope of the Roma?This question is essential for understanding not only religious dynamics, or so‑called „social integration”, but also how the „new religion” could be a factor of hope in vulnerable Roma communities.

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Julije Benešić i njegovi kritičari. Prilog kritičkoj bibliografiji

Author(s): Tea Rogić Musa / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Based on the extensive research of subject catalogs about people from the interwar period (in the Miroslav Krleža Lexicographic Institute and the National and University Library in Zagreb), this paper presents a selection from criticism of the works and public activities of Julije Benešić before the First World War and in the interwar period. A double contribution is expected from the work: primarily the reception of Benešić’s work in the native culture, which was fraught with controversies and contradictions in the interwar period, and a contribution to the analysis of Croatian interwar criticism, both literary and theatrical and directly ideological, as extremely heterogeneous and in later literary-historical treatment unevenly commented and evaluated corpus of texts. The methodological assumptions follow the principles established by Stanko Lasić in his approach to the analysis of the reception of Benešić’s companion, Miroslav Krleža − the analysis of critical reception differs from the analysis of a literary text in the narrower sense and has specific limitations, which, first of all, arise from the fact that a huge body of material must be examined and studied (by looking at the individual units, we decided that this analysis should be limited to selected contributions). First, the explication of the material implies an overview of the material and its conscientious description; secondly, Benešić’s biography is not the goal but the starting point of this work; thirdly, a valid approach, which implies a density of bibliographic units with a logical selection, requires a high level of information about the topic in order to approach the material critically; and finally, it is necessary to know the circumstances and protagonists of the interwar literary and public life in detail in order to contextualize the articles in the periodical. In a series of contributions that, from today’s point of view, give credible testimony about Benešić, all of them are nevertheless witnesses of time and convincing evidence that understanding temporality is an essential step in literary-historical work. Stepping into the theory of the history of literature, we start from the deduction that an explicative synthesis is preceded by a careful insight into the material, from which, however, it is necessary to keep a distance to finally offer a literary-historical conclusion. Since there already exists in recent times in Croatian and Polish culture a series of articles and debates that establish a solid diachrony of the reception of literature about Benešić (therefore not his works directly), a return to early criticism and echo in contemporary times when Benešić was in the middle of his most active years, we keep with a permanently relevant approach in the research of a personality that, with its public and literary biography, is a metonymy of the literary life not only of Croatia but also of the Central European interwar period.

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Suradnja Julija Benešića i Vojeslava Molèa u međuratnom i poslijeratnom razdoblju (1928.–1957.)

Author(s): Josip Jagodar / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Julija Benešić is one of the most significant people from the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, who worked on connecting and promoting Croatian, Serbian, Slovenian and Montenegrin literature, art, culture, and science in Poland, especially in period 1930–1938. In many papers and books, his significance has been addressed in a rich translation, editorial, linguistic, literary, scientific, and other work, especially in the promotions of Polish culture in Croatia and Croatian culture in Poland, but there are no works or books which deals with its significance for Slovenes and cooperation with Slovenes who lived or worked in Poland. For this reason, in this paper, on the basis of available literature and archival material, especially correspondence from the legacy of Julius Benešić, which is kept in the Archives of the Department of History of Croatian Literature, the Institute of History of Croatian Literature, Theatre and Music, HAZU, seek to present private and business relations between Julije Benešić and Slovenian Vojeslav Molè and their cooperation in terms of Croatian and Slovenian literature and science, art and promotion in Poland.

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Pisma Julija Benešića Czesławu Jastrzębiec-Kozłowskom. Uvod

Author(s): Anita Gostomska / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

This article presents the collection of letters written in Polish by Julije Benešić to Czesław Jastrzębiec-Kozłowski in the period from 1930 to 1949. Although the correspondence stored in Poland remains incomplete, its value should be highly recognised because, as a subject of detailed research, it provides the opportunity to get to know Benešić better and reminds us of the person of his friend and prominent translator, who, as a long-time collaborator of the “Yugoslav Library“ started in Warsaw, was the addressee of these letters.

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"Šešir" Oktavijana Miletića u svjetlu frojdizma

Author(s): Patrycjusz Pająk / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Oktavijan Miletić is the most famous Croatian film director of the interwar period. A breakthrough for his career, as well as for Croatian cinematography, was the short film "The Hat" from 1937. It is Miletić’s first professional feature film and the first Croatian sound film. It combines the features of a psychological drama and surreal film. The article proposes its psychoanalytic interpretation, based on Sigmund Freud’s views on the Oedipus complex, castration anxiety and fetishism. Such an interpretation allows us to consider "The Hat" as a film about the crisis of masculinity. Also, for this reason, it is a precursor for Croatian cinematography. The patriarchal tradition is an important topic in modern Croatian culture because of the significant role that patriarchal tradition plays in it.

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Između Vuka i strukturalizma. Stjepan Ivšić prema starim i novim lingvističkim pristupima

Author(s): Janusz Szablewski / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Stjepan Ivšić (1884–1962) was a Croatian linguist with a wide range of interests. He is internationally recognized for the discovery of the eponymous "Ivšić’s law" concerning Slavic accentuation, whereas in Croatia he is remembered as the editor of the journal “Hrvatski jezik”, who resisted both the language unitarism enforced by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the attempts to introduce etymological spelling in the Banovina of Croatia. As a scholar whose work was hampered by historical events, Ivšić studied accentology, dialectology, historical and comparative grammar, as well as orthography. Thanks to the numerous scholarly interests, he was exposed to various methodologies and schools of thought in Yugoslav and European linguistics. His teacher was Tomo Maretić, a Neogrammarian and Vukovian. Ivšić’s accentological work was informed by the achievements of European linguists, such as Ferdinand de Saussure and Antoine Meillet. He was also acquainted with the structuralist Prague and Kazan Schools. Other than that, he would frequently appeal to Vuk’s authority in his papers on standard language and orthography. Despite all of these inspirations and influences, Ivšić cannot be viewed as a representative of any of the above-mentioned schools of thought. This paper presents Ivšić’s attitude towards Vukovian principles and existing methodologies in Croatian and Yugoslav linguistics at the time, as well as towards structuralism, based on his work from the interwar period, especially his understanding of dialectology, standard language, and orthography.

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Ogledi o jugoslavenstvu i Srednjoj Europi u očima umjetnika – homo politicusa. Memoari Ivana Meštrovića "Uspomene na političke ljude i događaje"

Author(s): Ewa Szperlik / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The paper analyses the memoirs of Ivan Meštrović, a prominent Croatian sculptor and politician (a member of the Yugoslav Committee). The memoirs were written in exile (Buenos Aires 1961) and are an account of the turbulent events in Europe in the first half of the 20th century. The work has been poorly researched and is dominated by autobiographical discourse, the position of the narrator (a participant in events) and a subjective view of the past. Meštrović presents the past events and the so-called great history (the First World War, the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy and the fall of tsarist Russia, design of nation-states) from a personal, often intimate perspective, allowing readers to interpret the past in the key of geopoetics, auto/bio/geo/graphy (E. Rybicka), interactions between the literary text and the geographical space, emotive topography (fatherland, exile). Adhering to the rules of the autobiographical pact (Ph. Lejeune), the memoir (as a subgenre of autobiographical writing) becomes a source of historical knowledge and testimony about the era.

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"U agoniji": zagrebačka građanska elita između održavanja tradicije i prihvaćanja novih obrazaca

Author(s): Boris Senker / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Krleža’s prose-drama cycle, completed at the turn of the twenties and thirties of the last century, is a kind of “unfinished saga” in which the author, opening and only partially closing several narrative sequences, thematizes the changes in the personal and public life of members of the Croatian middle class, represented in the fictional world of the “agrammer patrician family” Glembay and people from their closest circle, caused by the collapse of the Central European Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and its traditional value system and the establishment of a South Slavic state, the Kingdom of SHS, with a different value system. In the central text of the cycle, the psychological drama In Agony, published and premiered in 1928 and expanded in 1958, which takes place in the first years of the interwar period, two male characters embody two possible existential choices: Baron and Colonel Lenbach, loyalty to the past and the defeated regime, persistence in tradition and, consequently, on maintaining the “form” that it prescribes, even at the cost of renouncing biological life, and the lawyer and politician Ivan Križovec who adapts to the present and the new regime, renounces the past and accepts changes and participates in the constitution of a new regime and a new system of values, even at the cost of renouncing one’s former identity and spiritual life. The central female character, Laura, Lenbach’s legal wife and general’s daughter, who is, at the same time, in a sentimental relationship with Križovec, proves the impossibility of “double loyalty” to the past and the present, the impossibility of continuing to live in a changed world while maintaining the system of values and identities shaped by tradition.

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Srednja Europa u odabranim putopisima Miroslava Krleže

Author(s): Antonina Kurtok / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The article is an attempt to present the image of – organically close to Miroslav Krleža – Central Europe drawn in selected travelogues of the great Croatian writer. The starting point and at the same time the literary framework of the analysis are Krleža’s descriptions and impressions after visiting several cities – Vienna, Berlin, Dresden – recorded in the texts created in the interwar period: "Bečke impresije, U Drezdenu" ("Mister Vu San-Pej zanima se za srpsko-hrvatsko pitanje") and "Berlinske impresije". A characteristic of Krleža’s travel discourse is a combination of memoirs, topography, description of everyday life and circumstances, but also artistic impressions, whereby the emphasis is always on the subject’s experiences. Thanks to this, it is possible to consider his travelogues from several perspectives. Through a close reading of the selected travelogues in a geopoetic key and through the prism of a few frequent features of the writer’s creativity, we will aim to present Krleža’s description of the Central European area and the author’s vision and experience of that area. Travelogues will thus be viewed as a narrative form of existential experience, the experience of a place and its testimony, a multi-sensory, complex experience of a place and a place of memory. We will also check in which way and to what extent Krleža’s world of ideas (an immanent part of his writing) is outlined in the author’s travelogues.

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Jedinstvenost i različitost. Bilješke o književnom jeziku (1918–1941)

Author(s): Krešimir Mićanović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The paper analyses contributions to the debate on standard language published in the period between the end of the First World War and early 1941. Even though the Constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes sanctioned “Serbo-Croato-Slovene” as the official language, the prevailing attitude, not only among the philologists, was that the Slovenes have a standard language of their own, whereas the Croats and the Serbs share a common one. In the name of national unity, the champions of Serbo-Croat “literary unity” incessantly propagated linguistic unification, i.e. instituting a single standard usage, thereby implicitly admitting that differences in standard language are of more significance than they allowed. In the papers under analysis, lexical differences between Croatian and Serbian usage were taken as confirming the completion of the process of differentiation, i.e. the existence of two recensions/two standard languages (Bošković), as well as being identified as variants of a standard language (Đorđić), while a younger generation of Croatian linguists (Krstić, Guberina) aimed not only to list but also to elaborate the differences between the two standard languages – Croatian and Serbian. The polemics and discussions from the late 1930s through the very beginning of 1940s established two diametrically opposed positions. On the first view, there is a single standard language shared by Croats and Serbs, and the differences that nevertheless exist are to be removed by unified usage; and on the other, there are two standard languages, Croatian and Serbian. The discussions of the unity of standard language were renewed in the Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, and in conclusion it is indicated that that the debate between Croatian and Serbian linguists on single standard language was resolved by both sides acquiescing to the view that there are variants in standard language, which was a viable compromise.

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Promjena granica 1918. i hrvatska arhitektura – novi centri, novi uzori, novi stilovi

Author(s): Dragan Damjanović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The disintegration of Austria-Hungary marked the end of not only political but also cultural and economic ties that existed for centuries on the territory of the Danube Monarchy. The break was reflected in the field of architecture as well, which can be particularly clearly seen in the change in the place where Croatian architects were educated. Until 1918, the main place architects were educated was Vienna, primarily the Technische Hochschule and/or the Academy of Fine Arts. Less often, even though Croatia was part of the eastern, Hungarian part of the Monarchy, Croatian architects went to Budapest to study, primarily because of the language barrier. Alternately, a limited few sought instruction in other Central European universities situated in Prague, Karlsruhe, Munich, and beyond. After 1918 and the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, not a single important Croatian architect will be educated in Budapest, and Vienna also becomes less and less important as a place of education (it retains a certain reputation only in the 1920s). On the other hand, key new cultural centres of interwar Europe are gaining increasing importance: Berlin, Dresden, Prague and sometimes Paris. The change in the place of education also leads to a strengthening of the influence on Croatian architecture from Germany, Czechoslovakia, and France. Expert architectural magazines, monographic publications and architectural exhibitions from these areas are becoming a key dissemination channel, along with the place of education. The change in the state framework had a strong impact on the dissemination of ideas with other areas within Yugoslavia too. There is a strong influence of Ljubljana, where one of Europe’s most important architects of the first half of the 20th century, Jože Plečnik, works, and Belgrade, due to the role of this city as the political centre of the country. Since Zagreb was the most important economic, cultural, and educational centre in the country immediately after the foundation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Zagreb’s architectural scene had a stronger influence on Belgrade’s than Belgrade’s on Zagreb’s. Thanks to the establishment of the Technical High School in Zagreb in 1919, many future architects, not only from Croatia but also from other parts of Yugoslavia, completed their studies there, making this city an important place for the dissemination of new trends in architecture in the rest of the new country. Finally, in contrast to the situation in Belgrade, Russian architects who immigrated to Yugoslavia had only a minor influence on events in Croatian architecture. The aim of this paper is to show how the change of borders in 1918 was reflected in the architecture of Zagreb. The general characteristics of Croatian architecture of that period, its stylistic diversity and main protagonists are presented, as well as how the influence of the state and local authorities was reflected in the architectural production. Events in the field of architecture are contextualized with the broader political and social situation.

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Revolucijska imaginacija 1918. Hrvatsko hrvanje s europskim kontekstom

Author(s): Ewa Wróblewska-Trochimiuk / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

A few days after the proclamation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, a bloody confrontation took place in the main square of Zagreb. The first force was a rebel group of soldiers dissatisfied with the political changes and the second, that clashed with protesters, were the security forces of the new state. These events can be found in history books as “December victims”. Croatian historiography could undoubtedly emphasize the social background of the protest and portray the “December victims” within the broader European context: the general social unrest that began to spread across Europe in 1918 or as an echo of the October Revolution, the flames of which, at that time, had not yet burned out. Nevertheless, this historical event was, first of all, recorded with an emphasis on the national tone and to this day it strengthens the Croatian national discourse. Regardless of whether the mentioned events had the character of a revolution or not, the article emphasizes the importance of revolutionary imagination as a prerequisite for changes and revolutions.

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Židovský hřbitov v Babčicích a kameník Isak Weil z Radenína (1812–1897)

Author(s): Iva Steinová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This paper presents a little-known Jewish cemetery in the village of Babčice (Babtschitz) in South Bohemia. In the sources, it is referred to as ‘Wosikowetz’, the German name for the nearby settlement of Osikovec. The cemetery is located at the very edge of the cadastral area of Babčice, next to a field path some distance away from any road. It was founded shortly after 1840. In addition to regular tombstones, it contains several grave markers that are notable for their artistic quality and remarkable iconography. The epitaph on the tombstone of the local rabbi Pinhas Blann (1865), in particular, provides information about the religious figures of the region. It is also interesting to note that the two grandparents of the prominent Czechoslovak politician Lev Winter (1876–1935) are buried here. Two elaborate tombstones in the cemetery were probably made by Isaac Weil (1812–1897), a stonemason from Radenín who was later active in Tábor. Weil is referred to as a stonemason (Steinmetzermeister) in a marriage license record from 1849. He is one of the first Jewish stonemasons in Bohemia to have been identified so far. Built in a characteristic masonry style that changed over time, his stone structures can be found across South Bohemia and adjacent areas.

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(Ne)známé osudy Jiřího Weila 1933-1935

Author(s): Marie Brunová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Jiří Weil's experiences in Soviet Russia from 1933 to 1935 reveal his deep engagement with Russian culture and politics. His journey, driven by a fascination with Russian literature, led him to work as a translator and editor in Moscow. Weil's time in the Soviet Union was marked by significant events, including his involvement with the Communist Party and his interactions with notable figures like Alexander Arosev. Despite facing political purges and accusations of anti-Soviet activities, Weil's resilience shone through as he continued to write and translate, contributing to various Czech and Soviet publications. His experiences during this period profoundly influenced his literary works, including his novels "Moskva-hranice" and "Dřevěná lžíce." The study of Weil's life during these years offers valuable insights into the complexities of intellectual and political life in the Soviet Union, highlighting the challenges and triumphs of a Jewish intellectual navigating a turbulent era.

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Rodina K“C/Katz v Jistebnici ve světle dochovaných náhrobků a písemných pramenů

Author(s): Iva Steinová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Exploring the Jewish cemetery in Jistebnice reveals the rich history of the Katz family, spanning nine generations. The study combines epigraphic analysis with archival research, correcting past errors and providing new insights into the cemetery's age and the family's genealogy. Despite the erosion of many tombstones, the surviving ones offer a glimpse into the lives of the Katz family members, including their economic status, professions, and social roles. The research highlights the importance of preserving such historical sites and documents for a deeper understanding of local Jewish history. The Katz family's involvement in various trades, their social mobility, and their contributions to the community are meticulously documented. The study also addresses the challenges of interpreting weathered inscriptions and the significance of material culture in reconstructing family histories. The findings underscore the interconnectedness of Jewish communities in Bohemia and the broader socio-economic landscape of the time. This comprehensive approach enriches our knowledge of Jewish heritage and the enduring legacy of the Katz family in Jistebnice.

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