„Opus pulchrum“. Pôsobenie Spoločnosti Ježišovej v Banskej Bystrici (1648 – 1773) v kontexte umeleckých objednávok pre tamojšiu komunitu

Author(s): Barbara Hodásová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2019

A book from the Anglo-American environment by the respected Canadian historian Paul Shore with the title Narratives of Adversity: Jesuits in the Eastern Peripheries of the Habsburg Realms (1640 – 1773) can be regarded as the starting point for my study. The book made a significant impact on the academic community, especially in the English speaking countries. Shore’s work presents a narrative of the activity of the Society of Jesus in the former Kingdom of Hungary during the Early Modern period, and is based mainly on the stories of specific members of the order, or minor stories and curiosities, especially „in the peripheries of the Habsburg Realms”. Since I very strongly disagree with the conception of Paul Shore’s work, the study is an attempt to create a parallel narrative on the activities of the Society of Jesus in Banská Bystrica in the period 1648 – 1773. The sources for this concept were detailed research on the textual sources both in local archives and in the Archivum Romanum Societatis Iesu Roma, as well as investigation of the surviving visual works from the categories of fine art and architecture in relation to my professional profile. Such a concentrated view and the partially uncovered realities of the activities of the Society of Jesus in Banská Bystrica made Paul Shore’s articulated and constantly mentioned „Eastern peripheries of the Habsburg realms” and the adversities of members of the order look ever more indefensible. Various visual traces of the activities of the Jesuits in Banská Bystrica can be described as significant Baroque works created in the international Central European framework thanks to various patrons from various European regions. They undoubtedly represent the successful construction of a Central European Baroque sacred landscape and the visual identity of the Catholic space of the Habsburg Monarchy.

File din istoriografia română interbelică. Misionarismul politic al demnitarului Zenovie Pâclișanu

Author(s): Laura Stanciu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: I/2020

The study begins with presentation of two new texts written by Zenovie Pâclișanu, an authentic historian from the interwar period, ardent admirer of Petru Maior. The author analyses the political and ideological context that favoured appearance of these materials, extremely relevant diplomatically and historically. The presented studies are among the most interesting and unknown memoirs of the coordinator of the Peace Bureau, being written by the functionary and diplomat Zenovie Paclisanu. They are characterized by accuracy of information, but also by elegant, plastic style, sometimes polemic of the narration based on excellent contextual understanding of themes dealt with very seriously and objective.

Zwischen Religion und Ideologie. Kyrill und Method als Erinnerungsort in Bulgarien vor und nach 1989

Author(s): Rumjana Mitewa-Michalkowa / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2008

The saintly brothers Cyril and Methodius were and are one of the central topoi in the remembrance cultures of the Slavic nations. The relation of the histo-political employment of the Slavic apostles and religious tradition has had a sustained effect on the cultural selfdefinition and the politics of history in many East European States. The present article examines continuity and change of the remembrance icons Cyril and Methodius in the European context by means of the Bulgarian example. The notion of "Bulgaria's contribution to civilization" through the introduction and propagation of the Slavic alphabet, shaped and officially articulated by the Socialist State doctrine, not only became manifest in a distinct festival culture and symbolism. It also plays a central role in post-Socialist cultural and foreign politics. With Bulgaria joining the European Union in 2007, the functionalization and stylization of the Slavic apostles as integrating figures was reinforced. In the course of the political transformation of Slovakia, too, Cyril and Methodius were embedded in the nation building myth. This study shows the Cyril-Methodian tradition as opposed between national patterns of interpretation and a trans-national significance as an essential part of post-Communist remembrance cultures.

Stylistyka i rytmika polska. Podręcznik dla szkoły i samouków Kazimierza Wóycickiego [1917]

Author(s): Ewelina Kwapień / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2020

Kazimierz Dominik Wóycicki urodził się w Warszawie w 1876 roku, jego rodzicami byli Tadeusz Wóycicki herbu Rawicz i Jadwiga Wyssogota- Zakrzewska. Zainteresowanie polską kulturą i literaturą oraz jej historią przejął zapewne od dziadka – Kazimierza Władysława Wóycickiego (1807–1879) – wydawcy, pamiętnikarza, varsavianisty, autora trzytomowego opisu cmentarza Powązkowskiego, a także uczestnika powstania listopadowego.

The Impact of Turkish Poetics in Albanian Poetry and Folk Culture

Author(s): Abdullah Rexhepi,Nuran Malta Muhaxheri / Language(s): English Issue: 100/2019

Albanian poetry of Oriental tradition which began to emerge during the Ottoman period, that continued throughout the twentieth century, was structured within the schematization and poetic formulations of the Turkish tradition. The Albanian poets of the period originally succeeded to create in Turkish, Persian and Arabic languages, where subsequently introduced this tradition to their Albanian creativity. Communist ideological studies had ignored, even deliberately overlooked, judging as the poetry and culture of the national enemy. But our research argues that this type of literature had an enormous influence in the culture and particularly in the national Albanian literature. Thus, the Albanian poetry, created within Ottoman poetical and aesthetic-philosophical systems, has left deep traces in Albanian mentality and culture and has occupied an important place in the structuring of the Albanian mentality. Our paper argues that this poetry tradition reflects the ontological and epistemological condition of the Albanian people for many centuries, which has also penetrated deeply into the subjugation of Albanians. The paper additionally assesses the traces that Turkish classical poetry has left in Albanian folk culture and folk literature.

İşlevselcilik Açısından Kuyu Motifinin Türk Kültürü, Edebiyatı ve Sinemasına Yansımaları

Author(s): Nursel Işık / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 102/2020

Well is one of the important sources to reach water in rural areas where technological opportunuties are limited in. It’s seen that, this source has a place in Turkish culture, in the world of literature and thought in both real and figurative meanings. The reality is well theme has been using as a powerful symbol in daily life idioms and proverbs, mânis and folk songs, tales, mythes, legends, classical poems, modern literature apart from it’s worldly meaning. Therefore, the reflection of well theme to Tukish movie theatre has a parallel direction with its’ common using in both Turkish culture and literature. It is seen that; material, legendary and psychological aspects of well are emphasized in dramas and horror movies. In this article, the transfer of well theme from folk culture and Turkish literature to movie theatre is examined with a functionalist point. It is tried to be analysed over the well theme that; although there is a thought of a materialistic factor has lost its’ function apparently, with the changing of context, it has gained new functions. With this research besides its’ water resource, these functions of well are determined; it is a socialising means, a source for taboo, useful as a witness for people who fix their faults, a milestone in the life of people who are seen as holy figures, a symbol to describe impossibilities and desperations. Also, it is a way to descibe beauty of lover in classical literature, has various functions as a metaphor to impress the “death, sexuality, past, unknown” and complicated feelings in both modern literature and movie theatre.

Piese săsești din colecția Muzeului de Etnografie și Artă Populară Orăștie

Author(s): Daniela Cristina Șendroiu,Iustina Bogdan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2019

Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht die sächsische Stücke die sich in der Sammlung des Ethnographie- und Volkskunstmuseums Orăştie befinden, so detailiert wie möglich zu beschreiben. Wir sehen hier Kleidungsstücken aus der Feiertagsvolkstracht, Textilien für das innere der Wohnung und ethnographische Keramik. Zur ersten Kategorie gehören 2 männliche Schafpelze, wenig geschmückt, mit Lederstreifen und farbiges Baumwollgarn (Taf. I/1-2), 2 Frauenwämse für die Feiertage (Taf. II/1-2), besonders schön bearbeitet, mit Stickerei – Blumen in lebendigen Farben, ein Männerhemd für Feiertage und 7 Bänder die zu dem Kopfschmuck gehören. Viel älter als diese Volkstrachtsstücke sind die Gefäße aus Keramik (Taf. IV-VI), die in unserem Museum aufbewahrt sind. Der besondere Wert dieser Stücke steht in der Technik in der sie geschmückt sind – und zwar die Zgrafititechnik – die Töpferei wo sie gemacht wurden (Saschiz) und in der Tatsache, dass sie am Ende des XVIII. Jahrhunderts und Anfang des XIX. Jahrhunderts datiert sind. Zwei davon sind flache Teller, mit spezifischen Motiven der Töpferei Saschiz, schön dekoriert: mit Motive die Vögel darstellen (ein Vogel, dass ein Rebhuhn zu sein scheint) und Blumenmotive (Tulpe und Grantapfelblume). Dieselbe Dekoration befindet sich auch auf den kleinen Trinkgefäßen die wir beschrieben haben, die Kännchen genannt sind.In Anbetracht der Tatsache, dass heute die Zahl der Sachsen in Orăştie und der Umgebung in ständigem Rückgang ist, betrachten wir es für nötig, den besonderen Wert, den diese Stück haben, vorzuheben, weil man zur Zeit in ihren Häusern keine solche Gegenstände findet.

Grodzisko w Konopnicy, pow. wieluński w świetle badań Janiny Kamińskiej z roku 1964

Author(s): Anna Nierychlewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The impressive size stronghold in Konopnica has raised the interest of many researchers since 1930. The object was repeatedly investigated by subsequent researchers such as: Jan Fitzke, Konrad Jażdżewski, Janina Kamińska and the others. Excavations on the earthwork castle and on the place so-called “mieścisko”, the results of which were presented in this article, conducted J. Kamińska in 1964. During the excavation they were made 2 excavations on the stronghold - No. 1 located on the plateau and No. 2 in the moat I. The next 2 excavation were located on the place so-called “mieścisko”. The chronology of artifacts was established by researcher for the time between the 13th - the first half of the 15th and the 16th - 17th century. After many years we can confirm the accuracy of her findings, both in terms of observation of layers in excavations and dating of archeological materials.

NAD PARRYJEVOM ZBIRKOM – UMIJEĆE PAMĆENJA I PRIPOVIJEDANJA

Author(s): Mirsad Kunić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 87-88/2019

Priča o Parryjevoj zbirci ima prethistoriju. Započinje 1923. godine, kada mladi dvadesetjednogodišnji Milman Parry dolazi na studije u Pariz i sluša predavanja kod poznatog lingviste Antoinea Meilleta. On ga nagovara da se ostavi ispraznoga teoretiziranja i zaroni u živu tradiciju usmenoga pjevanja. Meilletovi stavovi o homerskom pitanju, o formulaičnosti epskoga usmenoga izraza u Ilijadi i Odiseji najvjerovatnije su odigrali presudnu ulogu kod mladog američkog homerologa.

EXAMPLES OF GOLD-EMBELLISHED ILLUMINATIONS IN MEDIAEVAL BOSNIAN MANUSCRIPTS

Author(s): Ema Mazrak / Language(s): English Issue: 87-88/2019

This paper presents examples from three representative mediaeval Bosnian manuscripts dating from the late 14th and early 15th centuries, with a view to identifying the distinctive features of the illuminations, the interpretation of the subject-matter and the context in which they were produced for a patron. The manuscripts in question are the Nikolje Gospels, Hval’s Miscellany, and the Venice Miscellany (hereafter: Nikolje, Hval and Ven.). Hval is the only one to bear an original date in the colophon (summer 1404); it also names the person for whom it was made, Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić (ca.1350-1416), Grand Duke of Bosnia and Duke of Split, Hval the krstjanin, the scribe, and the head of the autocephalous Bosnian Church, djed Radomir. Ven., of which, unlike Hval, neither the colophon nor any marginalia on the authorship of the text or illuminations have survived, is similar in both text and typology of the illuminations.

I. Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında Macar Basınında Kafkasya Cephesi (Vasárnapi Ujság Örneği)

Author(s): Sezgin Topal Mızrak / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 66/2020

"Vasárnap the Ujság" which was published between the years 1854-1921, in Hungary and was an important organ of the newspaper is one of them. Vasárnap the Ujságis which did not give up reflecting the developments related to Turkey during its publising period informed its readers about World War I in the course of "Háború Napjai" (War Days) day by day about the developments of the war and evaluated the events with the Hungarian perspective. The front opened in Caucasus region and the Caucasus opened were what Vasárnap Ujság transfer to its readers with the great excitement and followed with interest. Illuminating the reader through correspondents sent to the Caucasus front Vasárnap the Ujság, both reflected the news about the First World War on the Caucasian front the Hungarians' point of view and this is extremely important also in terms of reflecting the Turkish-Hungarian friendship during the war. This work uses this newspaper, which is an important source in Budapest Széchényi Library newspaper archives (Országos Széchényi Könyvtár Hírlaptára) in using visual and written expression, and other resources related to the period. The developments in the Caucasus front and the Turkish-Hungarian friendship are in the press to the day. These news are evaluated by presenting possible findings which can be expressed as important data to review the Turkish-Hungarian relations politically, military, socially and culturally.

Национална научна програма „Културноисторическо наследство, национална памет и обществено развитие“

Author(s): Anna-Maria Totomanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 40/2020

Ингеборг Братоева-Даракчиева и др. Българският XX век в изкуствата и културата

Author(s): Radoslava Lesnevska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 40/2020

Küberneetika ja semiootika: tõrksa taltsutamine ehk kokkupuuteid 1960. aastate nõukogude abstraktse kunstiga

Author(s): Virve Sarapik / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 01+02/2020

The following article will examine the formative years of the Tartu-Moscow school of cultural semiotics: its main influences and how semiotics jibed with the local cultural endeavours, both in the centres of the Soviet Union and in the Tartu-Moscow school’s peripherally situated stronghold in Estonia. The article’s central concern is the connection of early Soviet cultural semiotics to the aspirations of renewal in the visual arts in the first half of the 1960s.

Ad vocem. Reformacja z perspektywy Bielska i Białej

Author(s): Maciej Bujakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2019

The review of the book based on lectures presented at a scientific conference organized at the University of Bielsko-Biala on the subject “Reformation in terms of Bielsko and Biala”. The article presents texts of the authors, who in a distinctive way referred to the issues of the Reformation and life of the Protestants in Bielsko and Biala over five centuries. The author of the review emphasizes raised questions, the characters, and the history of the evangelicals in Bielsko-Biala, while at the same time leaves the reader the opportunity to make his own assessment. The reviewed book is a continuation of the research conducted by humanists from ATH in Bielsko-Biala, within one book has already been published “Reading the City. Bielsko-Biala as a cultural palimpsest”.

Reminiscing the past, pointing to the future: immigrant memoirs from the early- twentieth-century United States

Author(s): Anita Jarczok / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2020

The aim of this article is to demonstrate that memoirs, which are usually examined in terms of their connection to the past, are often oriented towards the future. Using immigrant memoirs from the early twentieth century United States, this essay shows that immigrant authors wrote their memoirs with a specific audience in mind, an audience they believed they can instruct. One the one hand, immigrants addressed American citizens, and wanting to gain their sympathy, they described the difficulties of the immigrant life. On the other hand, they wrote for their fellow immigrants to show them that determination pays off and one can have a comfortable, or even successful, life in a new country. Their aim was to envision and promote a better future for the American society, a future based on tolerance and equality.

The “Slave of God” from Southern India. Origin, Development and Decay of Devadasi System

Author(s): Alexandra-Iulia Nuc / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

In this paper, I tried to make a presentation about the origin, growth and decline of the institution of temple girls. Devadasis were women who were dedicated to the particular temple deity or any specific symbol. A devadasi was considered nitya sumangali, a woman eternally free from the adversity of widowhood as she was married to God and married forever. She was married to a deity or god, but that did not mean that she had to live her life without the normal pleasures of sex and childbearing. In medieval times, she was a respected member of the society. These devadasis were performed ritualistic and non-ritualistic performances until 17th century, when devadasis were moving away from the temples into the secular spaces. Now they were no longer confined to the temples and by 18th century, the distinction between the devadasi and the prostitute becomes blurred. The bibliography to which I had access clearly shows a transformation of the role of the system in Hindu society, a role that I tried to capture in the following pages.

Metamorfoza antysemity. Ulica Graniczna Aleksandra Forda

Author(s): Tomasz Żukowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 43/2019

The article reconstructs the model of discourse present in Polish culture since the 1940s. Border Street (1949) is one of the first implementations of this model. An antisemite who becomes a righteous gentile is a pars pro toto of the Polish community. Violence is invoked, but its range is limited: Polish antisemitism stops when it comes to harming Jews. Violence that was, according to historical research, the dominant behavior toward Jews during the Nazi occupation is presented as an exteriorized exception. Two other Polish films of the same type are discussed in the article: Just beyond this Forest (1991) and In Darkness (2011).

Cynthia Scott, Cultural Diplomacy and the Heritage of Empire: Negotiating Post-colonial Returns

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The review of: Cynthia Scott, Cultural Diplomacy and the Heritage of Empire: Negotiating Post-colonial Returns; Routledge, London–New York 2020, pp. 202, ISBN 978-0-8153-8231-7

Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean

Author(s): Katarzyna Roman-Rawska,Tomasz Rawski / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2019

The article is an introduction to the 8th issue of Colloquia Humanistica. It discusses the concepts of boundaries and hierarchies and their role in structuring the social reality of (semi)peripheral Eastern Europe. The text discusses, on the one hand, the relevance and validity of these concepts and, on the other, the possibility of a critical approach to them. Furthermore, the article reviews the most important ideas and concepts proposed by the authors who contributed to the issue.