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Prime minister says country now in recovery mode, vows to legislate mandatory flood insurance.
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Two officials face charges in one town as protests against bad air from other dumps run on.
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The plans to allow large-scale logging in the Bialowieza forest are likely to put the country on a collision course with environmentalists and the European Union.
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Warsaw will only agree to fast-track EU approval of Paris Agreement on its own terms, Polish environment minister said.
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Slovak government initially opposed the project, which creates a gas corridor between Germany and Russia
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Climate changes influence both human health and the environment in which they live. Tools to anticipate and prevent influences caused by climate changes are necessary in order to face the potential threats posed by these changes. Worsening environmental conditions affect regional mobility. Climate changes modify the distribution of the environmental pollutants. The article presents the situation of air pollutant emissions in the European Union and Romania. The quality of life and health is dependent on the condition of the environment. Preventing environmental degradation is one of the environmental policies' objectives. Thus, the article presents an analysis of the costs of environmental protection for European Union Member States. A balanced economic growth can be achieved through the application of protective measures and improvement of the environment that take into account the influence of the climate changes.
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The aim of the article is to assess the essential factors determining the implementation of Green Logistics projects for the sustainable development of the logistics potential of Polish enterprises. The article discusses the strategic role of business in achieving goals in the field of sustainable development of logistics processes. It is the result of international conventions and the obligations imposed on the state and enterprises arising from these conventions. Based on literature studies and analysis of existing data, five basic categories of factors determining the development of Green Logistics projects were identified. Within these areas, specific actions were identified as important for entrepreneurs. They were then assessed as a result of an in‑depth questionnaire interview. Special attention was paid to the need for implementing technological solutions, which is crucial for the development of Green Logistics. It was emphasised that Green Logistics can be an important element of the global economic balance.
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The article analyses the effect of environmental taxes on environmental protection. The research covers all European Union member states, the United States of America, Japan and People’s Republic of China, Norway and Turkey. Method for assessment of the regression tendencies of endogenous indicators has been chosen for the research. Research period: 1994 – 2015. Research results: environmental tax effect is stronger in countries having slower economic and tax growth, but more rapid development of renewable energy production technologies; the role of environmental taxes is more prominent where the level of natural energy resources is maintained at the expense of renewable energy use; ecological taxation encourages development and implementation of technologies hat mitigate pollution and creation of new jobs; environmental taxes are directly related to humans’ ecological quality of life.
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Gazprom is determined to continue its efforts to build the South Stream gas pipeline regardless of the slump on the European gas market and the fact that there is sufficient capacity already in the existing transport infrastructure. The official inauguration of the maritime section of South Stream was held on 7 December this year, but the construction itself will commence in 2014.The agreements concluded so far, both intergovernmental and between corporations, are necessary for the launch of the construction of the new pipeline, but still do not guarantee that the project will be completed on time. First of all, some legal problems have yet to be resolved, such as the evaluation of the compliance of the planned actions with the ‘third energy package’ or the fact that ecological surveys required under European law need to be carried out. Secondly, given the present situation on the European gas market and medium-term forecasts, the high cost of implementation of this project and the maintenance expenses of existing pipelines – which are not being used to full capacity – the new project seems to be unfeasible. However, Gazprom’s determination in its efforts to build the pipeline proves that Russia is ready to take a high economic risk to maintain its dominant position on the European gas supply market; it will restrict the possibilities of alternative infrastructural projects being implemented (above all, the EU’s Southern Corridor) and use the construction of new pipelines as an instrument of political pressure on the present transit countries (especially Ukraine).
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It is considered that in the field of safety and port infrastructure security,vulnerable objectives and considered as targets from the perspective of the terrorist threat are represented by: operating platforms and equipment, ships, oil and chemical terminals,bridges and inland access ways, transport facilities, industrial processing capabilities in the proximity area. A comprehensive and realistic approach to setting up measures to increase the resilience of such a complex system includes: the dimension of information security,common operating rules and procedures between inter-institutional actors, the implementation of autonomous technological solutions with high effectiveness and minimum risk to the human factor.
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Environmental problems have globalized over time and led to more serious consideration of the environment by influencing European Union (EU) policies. Environmental consciousness of European countries provided the Union a leading role in issues related to environment. Determined by European Union, implementation of environmental policies by member countries and their setting an example to other countries have increased the importance of the policies carried out. In this context, firstly will be mentioned the basic concepts related to environmental problems and will try to explain the rule of the EU in environmental problem issues and principles that the Union has identified the field of environmental problems. Again in this work, the EU’s environmental action programs which are the designed to prevent and protect the environmental problems will be examined.
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Tourism policy is a quite new policy for the European Union, unlike environment policy. As a candidate country, Turkey must adopt its own tourism and environment policies, plans and projects to EU’s polices. This paper aims to analyse Green Way Plateau Tourism Project from the perspective of EU’s policies. First, the definitions of plateau and plateau tourism and EU tourism polices, its political priorities are explained. Following, EU’s environment policy and its principles are summarized. Afterwards Green Way Plateau Tourism Project is evaluated from the perspective of EU tourism and environment policies.In conclusion, the project does not correspond with priorities of EU tourism policy such as promoting the development of sustainable, responsible, high-quality tourism and consolidating Europe's image as a collection of sustainable, high-quality destinations Moreover, the project does not harmonise with EU environment policy from the principles of precaution, prevention and rectifying pollution at source.
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In the process of carried out economic reforms after gaining the political independence of Azerbaijan there took place wide changes in the functioning of enterprises in industry, agriculture, service sphere and in their territorial structure. In the first place there were signed contracts on utilization of fuel-energetic resources of the country with oil companies of the USA, Great Britain, France, Russia, Turkey and other countries. During the period of 2000-2006 the extracting industry developed with high speed, increased the share of its branches in the production of industrial products from 53,5% to 72,3%, the numbers of employment of production grew from 33,7 thou. men to 41,6 thou. men in these branches. 89,4% of industrial investment fall on the share of extracting industry. Therefore, in the processing industry which forms the basis of economic development of the country took place a serious lag.
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Under Vladimir Putin's rule, Russia consistently and systematically expanded its activity in Asia, establishing closer political contacts with key countries in the region, rebuilding relations with former allies from Soviet times, and strengthening its presence in the Asian markets, in the energy sphere also. These activities were accompanied by intensive Russian propaganda, the message of which was that relations with the West can be restricted in favour of developing closer relations with Asian states. A justified question concerning the Russian Federation's realistic possibilities arises in this context: To what extent can it make Asia an alternative to theWest in geopolitical, economic and energy terms? Can Russia build an anti-Western alliance with Asian states? Is it able to reduce its dependence on the European market by developing its trade with Asia? Is it possible to redirect a substantial portion of Russian energy resource exports onto Asian markets? A presentation of the existing ties between Russia and theWest (here considered as the USA and the EU) will serve as a starting point for answering these questions. The following chapters will analyse Russia's opportunities in Asia in terms of geopolitical issues, the economy and energy.
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The importance of this province derives mainly from its geographical position and mineral resources. In addition to providing access to Central Asia and the Caspian resources for the United States, China, Europe and the Indo-Pacific countries, its rich reserves of iron, copper, gold, uranium and other energy reserves have always kept up the interest of the world’s key players, from the 19th century “Great Game” – the strategic rivalry and conflict between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for supremacy in Central Asia up to the current conflict between the United States and China over the same region of Central Asia. In addition to these stimulating factors, Balochistan has also a fairly long coastline which includes Gwadar – a small port on the coast, strategically located between the three major regions of the world: the oil-rich Middle East, the densely populated South Asia and the mineral resources rich Central Asia.
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Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie szeregu barier, jakie stoją przed implementacją polityki w zakresie pozyskiwania energii ze źródeł odnawialnych (OZE) na obszarze państw Bliskiego Wschodu i Afryki Północnej, w kontekście potrzeby dywersyfikacji dostaw energii elektrycznej do państw Unii Europejskiej. Mimo dość oczywistych korzyści dla Unii Europejskiej z pozyskiwania czystej energii z państw objętych południowym wymiarem Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa, nadal istnieją liczne problemy gospodarcze oraz społeczne, które utrudniają wzajemną współpracę po obu brzegach Morza Śródziemnego w zakresie energetyki. Największymi barierami pozostają prowadzona polityka gospodarcza, ale także zaniedbania infrastrukturalne uniemożliwiające sprawną i efektywną wymianę energii. Wydaje się jednak, że na fali Arabskiej Wiosny, przynajmniej w części państw Bliskiego Wschodu i Afryki Północnej, wzrasta świadomość korzyści, jakie mogą płynąć z pozyskiwania czystej energii. Tym niemniej pewnym symbolem pozostaje szereg projektów energetycznych, koordynowanych ze strony europejskiej, które mimo upływu lat i stopnia zaawansowania nadal nie przełożyły się na konkretne rezultaty.
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The article presents an analysis of energy barriers to integration between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union. Moldova is one of the most important objectives of external activity of the European Union in Eastern Europe. Nowadays, the energy market problems have a strong influence on the process of political and economic integration between Moldova and the EU. The biggest challenge for Moldova in the energy sector is to break the reliance on the supply of Russian fossil fuels, and to implement EU energy legislation, especially the rules of the third energy package. The article also emphasizes the impact of the conflict in Transnistria on EU-Moldova energy relations.
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Strategies of Investors and Public Authorities in Bypassing Environmental Resistance
Turkish environmental policy has a number of problems given the country’s environmentalproblems, the pace of investment decisions envisaged for the near future and the way theyare treated by the public authorities. Environmental movements are expected to articulate environmental concerns, shape and organise popular environmental resistance through a repertoire of means from providing alternatives to legal action and direct involvement in the process.Although there is a legal and institutional framework for environmental policy-making and implementation in Turkey, discourses that prioritise economic development over environmental concerns have a hegemonic character and both public authorities and private investors employ a number of strategies in bypassing environmental resistance in Turkey. Strategies like bringing environmental movement leaders to court with spying charges; making alterations in legal and institutional framework in due course of events; introducing new barriers to taking legal action through raising expert fees and a number of other mechanisms like delayed courtprocesses effectively function as a barrier to environmental movements and negatively influence the effectiveness of environmental movements in Turkey.
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The global climate summit in Bonn (COP23) in November 2017 was supposed to bring compromise close on areas such as rules for monitoring national climate actions. The universality of these actions, that is, covering both developed and developing countries, was one of the main ideas of the Paris Agreement. In Bonn, however, the divisions between the parties were again made stark, making it difficult to reach compromise. For Poland, as host of the next climate summit (COP24) in December 2018 in Katowice, finalising these negotiations will be a top priority.
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For many years the European Union has been improving the efficient use of energy resources and yet the demand for energy in the EU continues to increase. When Europe belonged to one of the world’s key energy markets with relatively easy access to energy resources, growing energy needs were not seen as a source of concern. Today, however, as the competition for energy resources is intensifying and the global position of the EU energy market is being challenged by growing economies in the developing countries, above all China and India, the EU needs to adopt bold policies to guarantee the sustainable supply of energy.This report argues the EU needs to develop a fully-fledged external energy policy; i.e. a common, coherent, strategic approach that build bridges between the interests and needs of the EU integrated energy market on the one hand and supplier countries on the other.The EU’s external energy policy has two main objectives. The first one is to ensure a sustainable, stable and cost-effective energy supply. The second is to promote energy market integration and regulatory convergence with neighbouring countries (often but not always this supports the achievement of the first objective). However, in order to improve its effectiveness, the EU’s external energy policy needs to be seen in a broader economic and political context. Any progress in energy cooperation with third countries is contingent upon the EU’s general stance and offer to those countries.
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