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ANTROPOSENTRİK KÜRESEL ÇEVRE POLİTİKALARININ EKOSENTRİK ÇEVRE ETİĞİ GÖRÜŞÜ ÇERÇEVESİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Author(s): Nihal Kirkpinar Özsoy,Poyraz Çini / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2020

Environmental problems are dated back the start of the relations between human and nature. The structure of thought which gives direction to the relationship between human and nature is called environmental ethics. Anthropocentric environmental ethics, which assume that nature occuring as a tool for only serving for human usage, is the main reason that creates environmental problems. In the contrast of this view, there is ecocentric ethic approach that defends nature has an intrinsic value and ecosystem is a whole. Until today, many policies and strategies have been developed and many contracts have been signed about environmental problems. The aim of this study is to examine the reasons why environmental problems have gradually increased instead of being entirely solved although policies and strategies developed. The outcome of this study is that since the environmental policies produced in order to solve environmental problems and to protect the environment are mostly prepared within the framework of anthropocentric environmental ethics, real problems of environmental problems cannot be solved and these problems become more complicated every day.

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Aplinkos apsaugos politikos formavimas ir jos įgyvendinimas Lietuvoje

Author(s): Pranas Mierauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 1/2019

This article focuses on formation of environmental policy in different periods in Lithuania. The purpose of the article is to analyze main steps of development environmental policy. Some researchers keep opinion that the beginning of environmental policy started in the interwar period. Meanwhile more environmental specialists are following position that in this period had been not founded any specialized environmental institution and the roots of environmental policy cannot be in the interwar years. Actually development of environmental policy started after Second World War in the soviet period when Nature Conservation Act has been adopted and State Nature Protection Committee, and some environmental protection agencies had been founded. The beginning of modern environmental policy started in the beginning of re – establishing of the Independent Republic when Sate Environmental Protection Department has been founded and Environmental Protection Act has been adopted. The adoption of the State Environmental Protection Strategy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy are main current strategic instruments to develop modern environmental policy in Lithuania.

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APLINKOS APSAUGOS SISTEMOS VALDYMO TRANSFORMACIJŲ APŽVALGA LIETUVOJE

Author(s): Oksana Tomaševičienė,Julija Staroselskaja / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2/2018

This article analyses the governance system for environmental protection in different periods in Lithuania. It has been stated that during the first period of Lithuanian independence, any specialised environmental protection institution has been established. The use and protection of natural resources has been under the responsibility of agricultural and forestry institutions. Development of the governance system for environmental protection began in the Soviet period after the Second World War, when the State Nature Protection Committee was established and the Nature Conservation Act adopted. The committee focused on the protection of biological diversity, natural resources and the landscape, with the conservation of non-living components of the environment under the responsibility of other institutions. There was a move towards comprehensive environmental preservation when the Environmental Protection Department was established under the Parliament of the Lithuanian Republic during the first year of the restoration of independence. A more widespread approach to preservation was put in place with the establishment of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and its later reorganisation as the Ministry of Environment, as well as the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency. This article analyses the country’s frequent reorganisations of environmental protection institutions and argues that these create a governance system in this area that is not stable or effective.

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Application LCA for eco-efficiency assessment of investments projects

Author(s): Joanna Kulczycka,Marzena Smol / Language(s): English / Issue: 16/2015

Eco-efficiency which takes into account the life cycle idea is a relatively new concept described by ISO International Standard 14045:2012. It can be used in environmental management by integration environmental considerations with economic analysis to improve products and technologies. Nowadays, eco-efficiency is a strategic tool and it is one of the key factors of it sustainable development. In the investment decision-making process, to assess new technology solutions and to choose the best options, the eco-efficiency account should be introduced. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a method used to assess environmental aspects and quantified impacts of investment project is proposed. Life cycle cost analysis being the combination of Net present value (NPV) with life cycle cost (LCC) was chosen for quantifying their financial effects. The eco-efficiency analysis based on LCA can be recommended not only as a decision support tool for individual investors, but also for ranking of investment projects when applying of financial support from structural or other national funds, as well in sustainable public procurement.

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Application Of Eu Comparative Tourism Sustainability Indicators — The City Of Užice Case Study (Serbia)

Author(s): Maja Mijatov,Marija Perić,Slobodanka Marković / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Continuous and mass tourism development resulted in the need of putting this activity under sustainable development, in order to provide adequate usage of tourist potentials for meeting the current and future travel needs. Sustainable tourism is a form of tourism that contributes economic development of local communities with taking care of permanent environment protection. The subject of this research is tourism on the territory of the City of Užice, analyzed through the application of EU five group comparative indicators, in order to determine the current position of sustainability. The research also covered the following tourist places: Mokra Gora and Užice in Southwestern Serbia. Method of analysis and synthesis, mathematical-statistical method and comparative method were used. The collected data were analyzed by using the method of descriptive statistics. The research results show unequal tourism development in the City of Užice, precisely to the fact that tourism sustainability in tourist places (Mokra Gora and Užice) is different compared to the destination itself. Beside the contribution to the theory of sustainable tourism development, the results can also have a practical application within Užice tourist organizations, which may have a significant impact on destination sustainability in the future

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ARAP AKDENİZ ENERJİ KORİDORU ve SOMALİ

Author(s): Abdullah MANAZ / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 46/2020

Looking back at the map of the Middle East from a distance, it is clear that the most fundamental element of the ongoing conflict and chaos in Afghanistan, Syria, Iran, Libya and Yemen is Energy Domination. Somalia is in the Horn of Africa, one of the most strategic points of this Energy Domination war. The Middle East Energy Corridor passing through the Persian Gulf - Red Sea - Suez became insecure during the Great Middle East Project and the Arab Spring processes. This is not a coincidence, and some of the countries struggling for World Energy Domination are struggling to secure these roads, while others seek to gain political and economic interests from the instability there. Conflicts and tensions in countries such as the Persian Gulf, Yemen, Somalia and Egypt have increased Russia's energy market and revenues, while the US and Arab alliance have been making plans to transport regional oil to the Mediterranean via terrestrial pipelines. In this process, Israel, which is at the exit of the Mediterranean Sea, has found a suitable ground for both taking part in the route and achieving some political goals. Somalia which is sliding into a federal structure, becoming the target of al-Shabab, al-Qaeda, and finally Daesh terrorist organizations in the South. While Somaliland and Pundland are improving with the investment and support of the ARAMCO Coalition in the north, The West Coalition and the US is helping to this coalition under the pretext of combating terrorism.

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ARCTIC NARRATIVES AND POLITICAL VALUES – RUSSIA, CHINA AND CANADA IN THE HIGH NORTH

Author(s): Iona Allan / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2019

With almost 30% of the world’s remaining natural gas supply and 13% of oil located under the Northern Polar ice, the Arctic represents a place of great untapped potential.1) After the record-breaking summer ice melts of 2007 and 2012, previously impassable stretches of Arctic waters became ice-free and navigable for the first time. This allowed oil companies to send drilling ships northward and begin the first phases of oil and gas extraction. The decline of Arctic sea ice also significantly impacts the global shipping trade, opening up shorter and more lucrative trade routes between Asia and Europe, and cutting nearly 4000 nautical miles from the route in the process. 2) For Russia and Canada, countries with extensive Arctic shorelines, the receding ice has also exposed significant vulnerabilities in their collective defense and security. Unrestricted passage through their internal Arctic waters means access to Russian and Canadian territory has increased exponentially. For some governments, however, the security risks and grim long-term environmental costs of the melting Arctic ice are dwarfed by the enormity of the short-term economic opportunities on offer. Commercial interests in the Circumpolar North have never been greater. And with such high economic stakes, efforts to secure political influence and regional access to the Arctic have increased dramatically.

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Are hydroelectric power plants really renewable? A comparative study in Turkey, UNFCCC and European law

Author(s): Gonca Yılmaz / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

In international environmental literature, hydroelectric power plants (HEPs) are considered as renewable or green energy for a long time. As it can be observed in Turkey, since some countries give “green/renewable energy credits” for HEPs and subsidize them, it will be valuable to evaluate this matter in detail, analyzing legal shortcomings and making proposals to avoid environmental harm caused by HEPs. This paper assesses the misuse of the “green/renewable energy” term for HEPs in Turkey, in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and in some other countries. It proposes that the renewable energy category should be amended and HEPs should not be considered as renewable energy automatically.

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Arealogical Features of Essential Oil Plants of the Natural Flora of the Foothill Semi-Desert Zone of the Turkestan Region According to the Seasons

Author(s): Talgat S. IBRAGIMOV,Askhat T. KUATBAYEV,Gulmira K. SATYBALDIYEVA,Zhaxylyk M. ALTYBAYEV,Adilkhan Yе. ORAZBAYEV / Language(s): English / Issue: 07 (39)/2019

The article presents the features of the distribution of essential oil plants of the flora of the foothill semi-desert zone of the Turkestan region, the results of scientific research on the area logical features of the types of essential oil plants in the spring, their stocks are estimated, their scientific and practical value is determined. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the route reconnaissance method, which made it possible to identify 34 contours of the distribution areas of essential oil plants during spring field surveys. The floristic list based on field survey data for the period April-May is 155 species belonging to 106 genera and 34 families. By the number of species in the families prevail: Asterаceae, Fabаceae, Lamiаceae and Brassicаceae. The materials of the article suggest practical significance for university professors of biological specialties and biology students.

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Arnošt Štanzel: Wasserträume und Wasserräume im Staatssozialismus. Ein umwelt-historischer Vergleich anhand der tschechoslowakischen und rumänischen Wasserwirtschaft 1948-1989. (Schnittstellen. Studien zum östlichen und südöstlichen Europa, Bd. 8.)

Author(s): Silke Fengler / Language(s): German / Issue: 4/2019

Review of: Silke Fengler - Arnošt Štanzel: Wasserträume und Wasserräume im Staatssozialismus. Ein umwelthistorischer Vergleich anhand der tschechoslowakischen und rumänischen Wasserwirtschaft 1948-1989. (Schnittstellen. Studien zum östlichen und südöstlichen Europa, Bd. 8.) Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2017. 378 S., graph. Darst. ISBN 978-3-525-30184-5. (€ 59,99.)

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Around the Bloc: Coal-Tainted Air Smothers Kosovo

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/13/2018

Government says that after years of promising to shutter a filthy power plant, real action is on the horizon.

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Around the Bloc: German MEP Could Become ‘Persona Non Grata’ in Bulgaria

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/13/2018

Coalition partner says ‘green jihadist’ should be kicked out of the country for interfering in domestic affairs.

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Around the Bloc: Heavy Floods Batter Albania

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/05/2017

Prime minister says country now in recovery mode, vows to legislate mandatory flood insurance.

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Around the Bloc: Moscow Region Chokes on Noxious Landfill Fumes

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 05/15/2018

Two officials face charges in one town as protests against bad air from other dumps run on.

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Around the Bloc: Poland Gives Go-Ahead To Controversial Logging Program

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/05/2016

The plans to allow large-scale logging in the Bialowieza forest are likely to put the country on a collision course with environmentalists and the European Union.

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Around the Bloc: Poland Threatens to Undermine EU Plan to Ratify UN Climate Deal

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/04/2016

Warsaw will only agree to fast-track EU approval of Paris Agreement on its own terms, Polish environment minister said.

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Around the Bloc: Slovak Eustream, Gazprom Agree to Cooperate on Nord Stream-2

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 07/05/2016

Slovak government initially opposed the project, which creates a gas corridor between Germany and Russia

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Aspects of Environmental Quality in the Context of Climate Changes

Author(s): Mihaela Cristu,Cristian Cristu,Petrică Sorin Angheluță / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Climate changes influence both human health and the environment in which they live. Tools to anticipate and prevent influences caused by climate changes are necessary in order to face the potential threats posed by these changes. Worsening environmental conditions affect regional mobility. Climate changes modify the distribution of the environmental pollutants. The article presents the situation of air pollutant emissions in the European Union and Romania. The quality of life and health is dependent on the condition of the environment. Preventing environmental degradation is one of the environmental policies' objectives. Thus, the article presents an analysis of the costs of environmental protection for European Union Member States. A balanced economic growth can be achieved through the application of protective measures and improvement of the environment that take into account the influence of the climate changes.

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Assessment of Factors Affecting the Implementation of Projects in the Field of Green Logistics in Poland in the Perspective of the Sustainable Development Concept

Author(s): Urszula Motowidlak / Language(s): English / Issue: 342/2019

The aim of the article is to assess the essential factors determining the implementation of Green Logistics projects for the sustainable development of the logistics potential of Polish enterprises. The article discusses the strategic role of business in achieving goals in the field of sustainable development of logistics processes. It is the result of international conventions and the obligations imposed on the state and enterprises arising from these conventions. Based on literature studies and analysis of existing data, five basic categories of factors determining the development of Green Logistics projects were identified. Within these areas, specific actions were identified as important for entrepreneurs. They were then assessed as a result of an in‑depth questionnaire interview. Special attention was paid to the need for implementing technological solutions, which is crucial for the development of Green Logistics. It was emphasised that Green Logistics can be an important element of the global economic balance.

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Assessment of the Effect of Environmental Taxes on Environmental Protection

Author(s): Astrida Miceikiene,Vida Čiulevičienė,Jolanta Rauluskeviciene,Dalia Štreimikienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 03/2018

The article analyses the effect of environmental taxes on environmental protection. The research covers all European Union member states, the United States of America, Japan and People’s Republic of China, Norway and Turkey. Method for assessment of the regression tendencies of endogenous indicators has been chosen for the research. Research period: 1994 – 2015. Research results: environmental tax effect is stronger in countries having slower economic and tax growth, but more rapid development of renewable energy production technologies; the role of environmental taxes is more prominent where the level of natural energy resources is maintained at the expense of renewable energy use; ecological taxation encourages development and implementation of technologies hat mitigate pollution and creation of new jobs; environmental taxes are directly related to humans’ ecological quality of life.

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