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Result 161-180 of 5939
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УТИЦАЈ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ НА РАДНО ПРАВО (ПОСТ)ТРАНЗИЦИОНИХ ЗЕМАЉА

Author(s): Željko Mirjanić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 78/2018

The subject matter of this research is the influence of the current globalization and harmonization of labour law within the European integration as part of the globalization process which is reflected in changes in the field of labour law in (post) transitional countries. The current stage of labour law development is based on the harmonization of labour law with the European Union labour law, the concept of social market economy and the change of the labour world under the impact of the concept of neoliberal globalization. The analyses shows that the idea of globalization as organized, gradual historical process of establishing world community, partly through international law (including international labour law), differs from the idea of neoliberal globalization commenced in the 1980s. The course of further development of national labour law depends on the adjustment of European labour law and labour law in the EU member states to the most important changes in the world of labour and capital. It further points to the importance of a creative approach to making labour legislation development programs and developing labour legislation in general. The analysis first addresses the question whether the changes of labour law are predominantly the consequence of adjustment to global or national economic and social circumstances. The analysis shows that the changes of international and European labour law, due to globalization, mostly affect the changes of labour law in (post)transitional countries. That view is also supported by the tendency of introducing new institutes in the area of individual labour law, such as: protection of labour security of ‘whistleblowers’, protection of workers’ rights in case of change of employer, or protection in the area of collective bargaining, such as inter alia: ensuring the representativeness of social partners, institutionalization of peaceful labour dispute resolution and settlement, and others.

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LABOUR MARKET AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Author(s): Živko Kulić,Goran Milošević,Luka Baturan / Language(s): English Issue: 78/2018

Despite proclaimed equality and parity of subjects in a labour market, workers are actually a weaker party within the system of collective bargaining. Their position in negotiations and negotiating of work and employment terms cannot be made equal with the position of the holders of capital, particularly in cases of collective bargaining with an employer. Along with the rising level of collective bargaining, the position of labour/trade union negotiating party gets stronger as well. The union power comes to the fore less when bargaining at the level of employer than at the sectoral or national level. At the higher levels of collective bargaining, the unions are more successful in protecting the rights and interests of workers. The process of collective bargaining influences the labour market as well. This influence is particularly noticeable in small or insufficiently developed economies, such as the economy of Serbia.

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ПРАВНИ РЕЖИМ АУТОРСКИХ ДЕЛА СТВОРЕНИХ У РАДНОМ ОДНОСУ У ПРАВУ СРБИЈЕ И МАКЕДОНИЈЕ

Author(s): Vidoje Spasić,LJubiša Stefanoski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 63/2012

In addition to the works of authorship created by a private individual, there are works of authorship created in the course of employment which are a result of the author’s (employee’s) performance of specific activities, duties and obligations at work. Given the fact that the creation of such works of authorship involves two persons (the employer and the employee) whose contribution to the work may substantially differ in terms of their financial, technical and intellectual involvement, there is a question concerning the method of exercising a fair and legitimate allocation of authorities stemming from the corpus of the subjective authorship right. In this paper, the authors deal with the legal regime governing such works of authorship in the Serbian and Macedonian intellectual property legislations. The common feature in these two legislations is the legal solution which specifies that the employer is a derivative holder of the subjective authorship right ex lege. Thus, the employer is entitled to the right to publish the work of authorship as well as the right to take economic benefits from the work, but these rights are subject to a number of limitations. The author (employee) is entitled to all other authorship rights and authorities, including the right to receive a fair compensation which shall be proportionate to the effects of using the work of authorship.

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Збалансованість ринку праці як фактор економічного зростання

Author(s): N.I. Berezhnaya,O. S. KRAMAREVA / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 32/2018

The relevance of the topic is revealed, the goal is formulated – an analysis of the labor market balance in Ukraine and the development of proposals to overcome the identified imbalances. For 2016–2017 the analysis of: demand and supply of manpower by types of economic activity, by professional groups; unemployment by type of economic activity, occupation, level of education, age and load on vacant positions in the country and its regions. Comparison of unemployment and wages in Ukraine and some EU countries is made. The conclusions are drawn: the existence of an imbalance of the labor market in all these segments. Proposed ways to overcome imbalances. The main imbalances in the labor market, their impact on economic growth in Ukraine and ways to overcome them are identified.

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Соціальна цінність трудового права

Author(s): Olena Kostyuchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 32/2018

The article is devoted to the study of the social value of labor law as a civilizational achievement of society. The current ideology of reforming Ukraine’s labor legislation is criticized. The necessity of recognizing the priority of labor rights and interests of the worker is substantiated, because the right to work is a natural right, and the ability of a person to work ensures its livelihoods and contain the potential for development.

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Određene forme radnog vremena u Srbiji u svetlu evropske Direktive 2003/88 i uporednog prava

Author(s): Jovana Rajić Ćalić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2018

The matter of working time is an essential in labour law, considering dignified work as a labour work principle. It took a long time to achieve the standard of eight hours of work, eight hours of free time and eight hours of sleeping. Since the salary depends on worked hours, it was necessary to regulate working time by law. Even though, there are some misunderstandings in labour practise referring to overtime work. It is crucial to pay special attention to night work, as a work in difficult conditions. Considering health protection measures, it’s important to distinguish part time job and those jobs where working time is cut because of the harmful effects of the work place.

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STATUS OSÓB UJAWNIAJĄCYCH NIEPRAWIDŁOWOŚCI W MIEJSCU PRACY W REPUBLICE SŁOWACKIEJ I JEGO EWOLUCJA Z PERSPEKTYWY PRZEPISÓW USTAWY Z DNIA 16 PAŹDZIERNIKA 2014 ROKU

STATUS OSÓB UJAWNIAJĄCYCH NIEPRAWIDŁOWOŚCI W MIEJSCU PRACY W REPUBLICE SŁOWACKIEJ I JEGO EWOLUCJA Z PERSPEKTYWY PRZEPISÓW USTAWY Z DNIA 16 PAŹDZIERNIKA 2014 ROKU

Author(s): Marcin Waszak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The article is focused on origins and implementation of the Slovak Act on whistleblowers protection adopted in 2014 and its practical consequences. Author analyses attitudes of the Slovak society towards reporting corruption and their evolution in the last four years. Key legal mechanisms of whistleblowers protection against reprisal were also presented.

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A misinterpretation of Keynes’s concept of involuntary unemployment

A misinterpretation of Keynes’s concept of involuntary unemployment

Author(s): Roy H. Grieve / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

One of the principal contributions of Maynard Keynes’s General Theory was identification of the phenomenon of involuntary unemployment, due (on account of adverse expectations and confidence on the part of potential buyers) to a want of demand for the quantity of output which a fully-employed labor force was capable of producing. Such unemployment, he insisted — contrary to conventional opinion — was not due to workers pricing themselves out of work by demanding wages higher than employers could afford. Far from unemployed workers being themselves responsible for their plight, they were, in reality, victims of circumstances beyond their control. Keynes’s understanding was, for many years, widely accepted by academics, policy-makers and the general public. In recent times, however, mainstream macroeconomic theory has shown a regrettable tendency to return to old modes of thinking. Blame for unemployment is again put on the workforce, whose alleged misunderstanding or slow response to change are said to imply seeking employment on unrealistic terms. A more extreme view is that worklessness may reflect a deliberate choice of leisure. To anyone skeptical of the validity of such analyses there is a clear need to recover the Keynesian understanding of the possibility not just of frictional or voluntary, but also of involuntary unemployment. Purpose of the article: Ezra Davar, recognizing that it is important not to lose sight of the idea of involuntary unemployment, has recently attempted in this Journal to explain Keynes’s concept. Unfortunately, however, he fails to recognize that Keynes accounted for involuntary unemployment as resulting from deficiency of aggregate demand for output, not as the consequence of any supply-side factor. In attributing involuntary unemployment a peculiarity in the labor supply function Davar quite misses Keynes’s point, and in fact identifies as involuntary unemployment a situation of what Keynes would have described as “voluntary” employment. The objective of the present note is to clear up this misunderstanding.

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Can Fatalism Explain why Entrepreneurs Tend to Save so Much?

Can Fatalism Explain why Entrepreneurs Tend to Save so Much?

Author(s): Gabriele Ruiu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

According to robust empirical findings, entrepreneurial households tend to save more than non-entrepreneurial ones. This difference in saving propensity is not merely accounted by high entrepreneurial income. This paper aims to offer a better understanding of the financial behaviour of entrepreneurs. Building on previous empirical findings on the effect of fatalistic tendencies on economic behavior, we argue that fatalism may negatively affect both the decision to save and the decision of becoming an entrepreneur. Using data from the fifth and sixth wave of the World Value Survey for the empirical testing of this idea, our multivariate analysis shows that, controlling for a large set of individual and contextual traits, fatalistic beliefs discourage both choices.

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THE SITUATION OF WOMEN IN THE POLISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE LIGHT OF CHANGES IN THE PENSION SECURITY SYSTEM

THE SITUATION OF WOMEN IN THE POLISH LABOUR MARKET IN THE LIGHT OF CHANGES IN THE PENSION SECURITY SYSTEM

Author(s): Małgorzata Gawrycka,Dagmara Nikulin / Language(s): English Issue: 509/2018

The aim of the study is to examine the opinion of a group of women on their economic activity and decisions related to retirement. The first part of the article reviews previous research related to the economic activity of older people with a special focus on women. In the empirical part of the article, women’s opinions on issues related to retirement were analyzed. The research was carried out in 2016 on a sample of 45 women, which is a non-representative sample selection technique. The method used is similar to the method of “random choice” or “convenience choice” (convenience sampling). Research results indicate that retirement was often not fully voluntary, and resulted from the liquidation of the workplace or from the bad atmosphere. The time of retirement for women is primarily a period when they can fulfill their plans and dreams.

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FORMAL RULES-IN-USE ON THE EU LABOUR MARKET

FORMAL RULES-IN-USE ON THE EU LABOUR MARKET

Author(s): Agnieszka Szulc-Obłoza / Language(s): English Issue: 509/2018

The aim of the article is the analysis of rules-in-use on an individual as well aggregated level. The taxonomic method, descriptive analysis and critical literature review is used in the article. The European Union countries have been ordered and grouped according to the set of rules in force on the labour market. For a detail analysis, four countries have been selected, one country from each group. The taxonomy method has been used to rank the countries. Descriptive analysis of particular rules-in-use in selected countries is done. The World Bank data, mainly collected within Doing Business project and Mutual Information System on Social Protection, Social Security Programs Throughout the World as the main source of information are used. The article ends with a summary of rules-in-use of selected countries.

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PODMIOTOWA ZMIANA POWÓDZTWA PO STRONIE POZWANEJ (DOPOZWANIE) W SPRAWACH Z POWÓDZTWA PRACOWNIKA

PODMIOTOWA ZMIANA POWÓDZTWA PO STRONIE POZWANEJ (DOPOZWANIE) W SPRAWACH Z POWÓDZTWA PRACOWNIKA

Author(s): Małgorzata Malczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The article describes substantive amendment of the defendant’s claim in cases with the employee’s action. The author presents differences in bringing a third party action resulting from specificity of cases dealing with labour law, especially with the court’s ex officio acitivities.

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KONTROLA CZYNNOŚCI DYSPOZYTYWNYCH W SPRAWACH Z ZAKRESU PRAWA PRACY I UBEZPIECZEŃ SPOŁECZNYCH

KONTROLA CZYNNOŚCI DYSPOZYTYWNYCH W SPRAWACH Z ZAKRESU PRAWA PRACY I UBEZPIECZEŃ SPOŁECZNYCH

Author(s): Mariusz Sorysz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The Code of Civil Procedure is based, inter alia, on the principle of availability. This principle means that the parties to the proceedings are free to undertake procedural actions and revoke them. This entitlement is limited in judicial proceedings by the control of such action. These checks are taken by the court. The scope of this audit is broader with regard to the dysfunctional activities undertaken by the employee, the insured in matters of labor law and social security. It seems that it is too wide, especially with respect to appeals against judicial decisions. This review is doubtful as to the fact that the authority that issued the specific judgment has to assess the admissibility of the withdrawal of the appeal against such a ruling.

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ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ EX CONTRACTU ORGANIZATORÓW NIELEGALNEGO STRAJKU

ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ EX CONTRACTU ORGANIZATORÓW NIELEGALNEGO STRAJKU

Author(s): Janusz Żołyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

From the normative perspective illegal strike organisers are, as a rule, liable for the damages caused by that strike under the tortious liability. However, they may also be held contractually liable. This liability: – is subsidiary in nature towards the liability resulting from the Act on Resolving Collective Disputes; – is a private law liability regulated by the civil code and not a public law liability regulated by the Act on Resolving Collective Disputes. De lege lata, an employer is, in principle, entitled only to make a claim against the strike organisers to pay money. The employer may oblige the striking employees to work off the time of illegal strike only in nominal working time.

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LABOR LAW AND CIVIL LAW LIABILITY FOR STRIKE AND/OR OTHER INDUSTRIAL ACTION

LABOR LAW AND CIVIL LAW LIABILITY FOR STRIKE AND/OR OTHER INDUSTRIAL ACTION

Author(s): Krzysztof W. Baran / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In Polish labour law system both employees and unions are responsible for conducting an illegal strike or other protest action.Various liability regimes apply in those situation: tort, contractual and employee-based. In practice, it results in various problems and rationally unjustified differentiation of the type of responsibility for participation in illegal collective action.

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ZNACZENIE UMÓW PRZEDWSTĘPNYCH W STOSUNKACH PRACY I ZAKRES SWOBODY KONTRAKTOWANIA STRON PRZY ICH ZAWIERANIU

ZNACZENIE UMÓW PRZEDWSTĘPNYCH W STOSUNKACH PRACY I ZAKRES SWOBODY KONTRAKTOWANIA STRON PRZY ICH ZAWIERANIU

Author(s): Beata Bury / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

Labor legislation does not regulate separately the admissibility of preliminary employment contracts conclusion. Linguistic interpretation of the Article 389 of the Civil Code provides the arguments in favor of the idea of wide use of preliminary contracts in labor relations. This contract carries out the basic functions of labor law – by the fact that, on the one hand, secures and ensures employer with the needed workforce, on the other hand, provides to an employee desired employment in the future, i.e. legal and economic security of obtaining it in convenient for him – from the point of view of his career plans and family – time. Despite these clear benefits, the use of the preliminary contract in labor relations is relatively rare, i.e. the parties do not use the opportunity to conclude it. Meanwhile, this agreement should be a useful legal tool to obtain employees in deficit professions and in terms of lack of job candidates with necessary qualifications in the local market.

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POJĘCIE REPREZENTATYWNOŚCI ZWIĄZKÓW ZAWODOWYCH W ŚWIETLE NOWELIZACJI USTAWY O ZWIĄZKACH ZAWODOWYCH

POJĘCIE REPREZENTATYWNOŚCI ZWIĄZKÓW ZAWODOWYCH W ŚWIETLE NOWELIZACJI USTAWY O ZWIĄZKACH ZAWODOWYCH

Author(s): Krzysztof Walczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2018

The subject of the study is the analysis of the concept of representativeness of trade unions, which is extremely important for collective labor law. The author analyzes how the understanding of this concept changed in the historical approach and what are its basic assumptions in the light of the amendment to the Trade Unions Act. This analysis, however, is not limited to assessing the provisions from the point of view of Polish law, but shows how the concept of a representative trade union organization should be defined in the light of the conventions of the International Labour Organization. Finally, the author presents proposals for changes in law regarding not only to collective but also individual labour law.

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OCHRONA TRWAŁOŚCI STOSUNKU PRACY DZIAŁACZY ZWIĄZKOWYCH W ŚWIETLE NOWELI USTAWY O ZWIĄZKACH ZAWODOWYCH

OCHRONA TRWAŁOŚCI STOSUNKU PRACY DZIAŁACZY ZWIĄZKOWYCH W ŚWIETLE NOWELI USTAWY O ZWIĄZKACH ZAWODOWYCH

Author(s): Antoni Dral / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2018

Protection of trade union members is an important element of their legal status. By the Act of June 7, 2018 amending the Act on Trade Unions and other crucial acts, the trade union law was modified. The changes, not only affect the collective aspect of trade union members, but also the subjective scope of protection of the permanence of labour relations. The members employed as part of non-employment forms of employment contracts are also subject to protection. The approval mechanism for protection has also changed fundamentally. The author describes international and axiological standards of the special protection of trade union members as well as indicates the consequences of extending the scope of subjective rights to the trade unions. He also discusses the subjective protection of the employment relationship. The article also analyses particular elements of the protection structure established in the amended Art. 32 of the Act, including the subjective and objective scope of protection, the protection measure, the protection period as well as claims for breach of protection.

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THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

THE RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

Author(s): Olga Chesalina / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The author analyses the constitutional guarantees of social security rights in the Republic of Belarus and investigates the relevant decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus. The article scrutinizes the modern system of social security and the recent legal reforms related to social security. On the one hand, a strong historical path dependency of the Constitution of 1994 in re lation to the Constitution of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic of 1978 is notable regarding detailed regulation of social rights. On the other hand, considerable reforms in the area of social security (increasing of retirement age and contribution record, introduction of a professional pension insurance and abolishment of the social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases) have taken place.

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SOME REMARKS ON THE EXTRAORDINARY COMPLAINT AGAINST THE VALID JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS PERTAINING TO CASES WITHIN THE SUBJECT-MATTER AND SCOPE OF LABOUR LAW

SOME REMARKS ON THE EXTRAORDINARY COMPLAINT AGAINST THE VALID JUDICIAL DECISIONS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS PERTAINING TO CASES WITHIN THE SUBJECT-MATTER AND SCOPE OF LABOUR LAW

Author(s): Andrzej Olaś,Kinga Moras-Olaś / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

This article concerns an extraordinary complaint which is a new remedy in Polish civil procedural law against legally valid judicial decisions terminating proceedings. The authors analyse pivotal issues related to the manner of shaping this measure against the background of other extraordinary remedies, with particular emphasis on the specificity of the application of this complaint in cases within the subject-matter and scope of labour law. An important issue of a general nature raised in the article is the impact of the new measure on the principle of finality of valid judgments established at the constitutional level and its impact on selected paramount principles of substantive and procedural labour law. These considerations lead the authors to a critical evaluation of the introduced regulation in terms of its legislative correctness, coherence with other extraordinary means of appeal, and in particular the principle of finality of valid judicial decisions.

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