СМЯНАТА НА ИМЕНАТА НА БЪЛГАРИТЕ МЮСЮЛМАНИ – ЕДИН КИНОСЮЖЕТ ОТ 90 ГОДИНИ НА ХХ В.

Author(s): Nikolay Papuchiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article presents the results from the study of one of the first movie projects concerning changing the names of the Bulgarian Muslims after 1989. Gori, gori, ogunche (Burn, Burn Fire) (1994), scenario – Malina Tomova, director – Rumyana Petkova, shows the picture of the life in Mugla – a small village settled high in the Rodopi Mountain, Bulgaria. In four series, the team created the movie revealing from a number of aspects one of the most painful processes in the Bulgarian history – changing the Turkish or Arabic names of Bulgarian followers of the Islam religion. The narrator’s point of view is presented through the conflict (in the beginning) between the visions of the main character in the scenario – the young female teacher Marina, who comes in the village from one of the biggest Bulgarian cities – on the one hand, and the traditional life and the communist ideology – on the other. In the article, this conflict that transforms the vision of Marina and turns her prejudices into compassion and understanding, is the main entrance into the psychology of the names changing processes and the social mechanisms, used by the people to relieve the pain and trauma. The movie is analysed in the light of the new tendencies in the Bulgarian cinema during the 70-ies – when the scenario was written, and the new political circumstances in the so-called Time of transition – when the movie was created.

Кризата в официалните и народните празници: за казусите от Габрово, Вършец и Кости

Author(s): Georgi Medarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article analyzes the potential of local festivals to serve as an instrument to overcome crises in three particular case studies, namely Gavrovo's Festival of Humour and Satire, Varshets' Resort, Mineral Water and the Balkan Mountains Festival and Kosti's fire dancing. The analysis is based on the results of an empirical research conducted in the summer of 2021 within the project “Local festivals: a resource of local communities for crisis management,” supported by the Bulgarian National Science Fund. The main argument is that in all of these cases the festivals cannot be subsumed under the logic of coping with economic underdevelopment. Nevertheless, the festivals have a direct effect on coping with the coronavirus crises both in terms of the practical realization of its irreversibility, as well as in terms of using it as a medium to renegotiate local contradictions and conflicts. Lastly, the article demonstrates the efficacy (and limits) of Bakhtin's theory of the carnavalesque for the understanding of local festivals' role in coping with crises.

Градските фолклорни и занаятчийски фестивали в контекста на пандемия: случаят на Шумен

Author(s): Tchavdar Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The study presents the results of an empirical research conducted in the summer and autumn of 2021 in the town of Shumen within the project “Local festivals: a resource of local communities for crisis management,” financed by the Bulgarian National Science Fund. The research focuses on a local folklore and folk crafts festival and, in particular, on the way its organizers and guests define the relationship between its economic rationality and symbolic importance at the level of local identity and as a mechanism of social solidarity of the local community. The role of the festival in local cultural policies is also analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the extent to which festivals may play the role of mobilizing community resources to address significant crises – in particular the effects of the global epidemiological crisis surrounding Covid-19.

Новите градски фестивали: дейности, организатори, бенефициенти и интереси по повод на Капана фест

Author(s): Maya Keliyan / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The festivalization of cities and their transformation into „eventful” centers of the postmodern urban lifestyle has been a global trend since the mid-1990s. The aim of the text is to analyze the features of the new city festivals in Plovdiv by analyzing the Kapana Fest, examining their activities, audience, organizers and beneficiaries and reaching conclusions about their socio-economic and cultural significance. Festivals are a crossroads of a number of interests, whose bearers are different socio-group actors – local government, organizers, participants, visitors, business representatives and residents of the local community. The article presents the results of an empirical sociological research carried out using qualitative methods within the project “Local festivals: A resource of local communities for coping with crises”, funded by National Science Fund – Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Bulgaria (KP-06-H45/5 from 30.11.2020). The research approach used is in the thematic field of social stratification, focusing on the socio-group characteristics and interests of the various actors associated with the festivals. The new city festivals are understood as part of the postmodern lifestyle, with its characteristic consumption patterns and leisure patterns. The question whose answer is sought in the text is: who are the winning socio-group actors from the huge social, economic and cultural potential of the Kapana Fest in Plovdiv?

Местните празници-видимите и невидими ползи за локалните общности: емпиричен поглед

Author(s): Kamelia Petkova Tsvetkova-Nedyalkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents the results of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions held in Sadovo, Elin Pelin, Gabrovo, Bolyartsi, Novi Han and Pozharevo within a project “Local festivals: A resource of local communities for coping with crises”, funded by National Science Fund – Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Bulgaria (KP-06-H45/5 from 30.11.2020). The aim of the text is, based on the main essential features and characteristics of local festivals, to prove and derive empirically the importance of “visible” and “invisible” benefits of these events for the preservation of local communities. The various points of view of representatives of local authorities, organizers of local festivals, and representatives of the Roma ethnic community will be presented without claiming to be exhaustive. Numerous studies are available in the literature, focusing on the benefits of holding these events and the various effects they produce on the cultural, social and economic life of local communities. Local festivals in the Bulgarian context, regardless of their thematic focus, in most cases combine the festivities of traditional society, combined with new forms of collective gatherings. In most cases, these events can also be seen as part of the process of building local identities, which draw their resources from what is imagined, reconstructed and argued as local heritage.

Истории, митове и усещане за място в публичния образ на три фестивала в България

Author(s): Svetlana D. Hristovа / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The object of this study is the public image of three local festivals in Bulgaria: the Festival of Rose in Kazanlak, July Morning in Kamen Bryag and the Festival of Peppers, Tomatoes, Traditional Foods and Crafts in Kurtovo Konare. The public image of the three festivals is decomposed to the following elements for the sake of the analysis: narrative (history, myth), human factor, sense of place and public communication. The methods included participant observations, in-depth interviews, desk research of scientific literature, online and social media. The study revealed that the Festival of Rose in Kazanlak is part of an integrated cultural and tourist product, identified with the good local governance. July Morning in Kamen bryag, once a celebration of an alternative sub-society, has been commercialized towards fragmented (dispersed) festive events which obscured the sense of community and the sense of place affiliated with the initial phenomenon. Local farmers with their inherent sense of identity, agrarian knowledge and willingness to associate at a local level, play a central role in the publicity of Kurtovo Konare Fest. Local festivals share a distinctive feature: striving for the well-being of the local community. The result is an increase in the reputation of the region, attracting of media attention, awakening of the real estate market, spatial rehabilitation, improvement of road infrastructure, expansion of tourism opportunities and strengthening of networks for civic participation. This abstract is based on results within the project “Local Festivals: A Resource of Local Communities for Coping with Crises”, funded by the National Scientific Fund of Bulgaria – Ministry of Education (KP-06-H45 / 5 of 30.11.2020).

Произход и функции на китайските календарни празници Цинминдзие и Чуняндзие

Author(s): Evelina HEIN / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article analyses the connection between Chinese folk calendar and the fundamental to the whole religious and social tradition of China ancestor worship. With the aim to clarify the role of folk calendar in the formation of the traditional culture, the author makes use of the theory of the Chinese philosopher Li Zehou about the development stages of the mankind evolution and civilization as stages of a process of sedimentation. The article presents two examples with the seasonal festivals Qingming and Chongyang, both dedicated to the ancestor worship. Origin, development and functions of this festivals are traced in the context of the ancestor worship and the culture of the filial piety (xiao), based on the latter. The author uses the Dual Filial Piety Model, developed by Bedford and Yeh and creates a consequent model for describing the functions of the festivals Qingming and Chongyang as a binary complex of corresponding rituals. Thеse rituals are analysed as fulfilling basic psychological and social needs of the members of the Han ethnic community in connection to the specific background of the culture of filial piety (xiao).

Език на омразата – стратегии на манипулацията: Вестникарската дискусия върху филма „Дунав мост“ (1999)

Author(s): Nikolay Papuchiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The focus of the article is on the language of derogation and hate in Bulgarian news-papers published between 1990 and 2000. The study centers around one of the most famous and most discussed serial movies, “Dunav most” (The Danube Bridge). The 7-series visual project is based on Georgi Mishev’s novel and was sponsored by the Bul-garian National Television. Soon after the projection of the first episode started dis-cussion provoked by the most popular newspapers in the country, in which many jour-nalists, experts, political leaders, and citizens took part. The language of publications is a language of derogation and hate directed towards the movie and the “pornogra-phy” shown on it. So-called pornography is expressed in a few scenes with naked ac-tors and one – very popular and most argued - two men in a bed. One of them – a reli-gious man living in a monastery. Bulgarian newspapers manipulated the discussion pointing at that fact and hiding or diminishing the fact that this person had been an officer of former Secret services of the fallen totalitarian regime. The language of hate is paralleled with “the traditional Bulgarian values,” and in that way mass media present the distortion of a post-totalitarian society. Homosexuality is considered as a huge problem of the modern nation, and that is why it must be pointed at and rejected. This language, in fact, provokes readers’ emotions and turns aside attention from economic and social issues controlled by people of former totalitarian police.

Mental Asylum as a Social and Political Metaphor in the Cinema from the Two Sides of the Iron Curtain

Author(s): Gergana Doncheva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Applying comparative analysis, the article examines the usage of the mental health institution in two emblematic for American and Bulgarian Cinema films – “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest” and “Adaptation”. Despite the fact that the movies were produced in quite different social and cultural contexts, their contents reveal analo-gous critical messages addressed to society during the 1970s: the system tries to domi-nate by making some extraordinary individuals obey the common rules.

Beat music, sláger, and different song translations in Socialist Hungary [Ignász, Ádám (ed.) (2023). Translation, adaptation, and intertextuality in Hungarian popular music. (Jazz under State Socialism. Volume 8). Lausanne et al: Peter Lang. Pp. 282]

Author(s): Johan Franzon / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2024

Tallin udoskonalony. Sprawcza moc wyobraźni w opowieści "Кармела" Goar Markosjan-Kasper

Author(s): Liliana Kalita / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2024

The subject of considerations is the role of artistic imagination and the causative power of aesthetic creation of the title character from the story by Goar Markosjan-Kasper. In the work, maintained in a postmodern style, the writer combines the problem of imagination with the category of memory/oblivion. He also uses the concept of an artists to show the duality of the imperfect material (real) world and the ideal world created by the causative power of the mind. Improving the world that takes place — pars pro toto — through changing the face of Tallinn has both a geographical and human dimension — communing with beauty triggers altruism and love in people.

НАУЧНО-УМЕТНИЧКА ИЗЛОЖБА „ДИВЉА ЖЕНА”

Author(s): Slavko Matić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 190/2024

Изложба „Дивља жена” инспирисана је једним научним радом ауторке, психоаналитичарке и етнолога Кларисе Пинкола Естес (Clarissa Pinkola Estés), који је постигaо успех код широке публике на планетарном нивоу. Њена књига Жене које трче са вуковима објављена је давне 1992. године и била је на листи бестселера „Њујорк тајмса” пуних 145 недеља. Такође је преведена на 18 језика. На српском језику појавила се 2013. године у издању „Нове књиге” (Београд). Од тада је имала још пет издања на српском језику.

Нотирани паметници от Югозападните български земи до XV век

Author(s): Svetlana Kujumdzieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The notated manuscripts from the South-Western Bulgarian lands up to the fifteenth century are discussed. The sources are an evidence for the adoption of the musical systems that were in use at that time in the Balkan Orthodox countries – ekphonetic, palaeo-, middle- and late-byzantine. The systems were adopted on a high professional level. Numerous Triodia manuscripts testify to the work started in the Ohrid school at the time of St. Clement of Ohrid on the preparation of the repertory in Old Bulgarian language that was necessary for the worship in the newly founded Bulgarian Church: for Great Lent, Easter and post-Easter time, as it was pointed out in the Vita of St. Clement. The adoption of the musical systems on a high professional level suggests the maintenance of the church music by a strong liturgical and educational center, such as the Bulgarian Archbishopric in Ohrid.

THE SYMBOLS IN THE BRICK: THE MEANING BEHIND THE APSE OF ST. DEMETRIOS CHURCH (MARK’S MONASTERY) IN MARKOVA SUŠICA NEAR SKOPJE

Author(s): Jasmina S. Ciric / Language(s): English Issue: 83/2024

The apse of St. Demetrios Church in Markova Sušica stands as a profound testament to the intricate interplay of symbolism within the 14th century Serbian architecture. The analysis delves into the specific brickwork patterns, decoding their symbolic meaning. Drawing from the Christian symbolism and theological insights from St. Gregory of Nyssa and St. Basil the Great, the article explores the use of geometric patterns to elevate the mind toward divine contemplation. The article also integrates these symbols into the broader theological context, referencing the Еconomy of Salvation and iconographic representations within the apse. Thus, it is concluded that the apse of St. Demetrios Church emerges as a powerful embodiment of the divine principle, intricately connected to the sacred landscape of Matka. Its rounded form, reminiscent of a womb, symbolizes the nurturing embrace of the Mother of God. The interplay of colors and symbols invites the faithful on a spiritual journey guided by the divine feminine principle, providing a comprehensive exploration of the architectural and symbolic aspects of this medieval Serbian masterpiece.

Aesthetics of Disability: Aesthetic Values in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

Author(s): Divna Vuksanović,Katarina Šmakić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This paper deals with the interpretation of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of artistic creation from the standpoint of aesthetic evaluation, emphasizing the distinction between aesthetic and artistic valorisation within contemporary aesthetics research. The paper broadly compares two aesthetic perspectives – traditional and contemporary: the former is value determined through the idea of beauty, while the latter directs its interpretive focus on the body, specifically the disabled body. By recognizing the similarity between the representation of disabled bodies and works of art generated with the help of artificial intelligence, the possibility arises to connect AI creation with the so-called disability aesthetics. In this way, the treatment of the body in modern art serves as a starting point for establishing a new ideology of aesthetic evaluation in era of late capitalism.

СВИДЕТЕЛИ НА ВРЕМЕТО

Author(s): Dimitar Dobrevski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

What is the weather? This question has concerned humankind for centuries. It sought its manifestation and tried to understand and subdue it. It created calendars and devices to measure it. The pride of all Bulgarians is the unique proto-Bulgarian calendar, created several thousand years ago. The report briefly describes the history of the various clocks created over the centuries and analyzes the changes in their design.

НАРОДНИТЕ ОБИЧАИ ПРЕЗ ПОГЛЕДА НА БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ХУДОЖНИК ОТ 20-ТЕ ГОДИНИ НА ХХ В.

Author(s): Ivo Raykov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

The decade of the 1920s was undoubtedly reproductive for Bulgarian fine art in many ways. Having returned from abroad and “immersed” in European culture, many Bulgarian artists bring to their homeland the courage to create new and supranational art. Experiencing the ferocity of the First World War, many of the same artists who had been mobilized to the front line, in the following decade of the 1920s, turned their attention to the “native,” creating a much-needed consolidation of community in times of national disaster. In addition to the transformation of folklore myths and legends, characteristic of the symbolism in Bulgarian art, the study of the “native” also develops in the consideration of traditional folk customs, looking into the life and the celebration of the Bulgarian village, which is increasingly losing its national image – to replace the leotard with a balton and the breeches with trousers and become part of the society of modern Europe. Many artists capture in their paintings the disappearing images of lazarki, the “Butterfly” custom, kukeri, koledari, survakari, weddings and other moments of the Bulgarian ritual calendar.The present work traces both the ethnogenesis of the customs depicted in the paintings, as well as the specifics of their reification, the specifics of the folklore area to which they belong, and their reflections on the idea of “native art” both from the 1920s and in the next decade, when the look at folklore-ethnographic imagery pays attention to different accents, but always in search of the national tradition.

Forgetting Аbout Тraumatic Past? On the Position of Film Music Composers in Post-WWII Germany

Author(s): Anna G. Piotrowska / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

This paper presents selected German film music composers who were active in Germany during the inter-war period as musicians trying to regain their position and renegotiate their role in the German post-war society marked by trauma and transition processes. Film music composers were believed to have stayed above politics and associated with a “harmless” type of music; therefore, they could adapt to the new situation comparatively more easily, particularly since the Allies had already treated musicians ambivalently. While pinpointing the reasons behind such a lenient attitude towards film music composers, the paper also touches on those rare cases when film music composers were actually accused of supporting the Nazi system.

Emigrant Composers in the C.N.S.A.S. Archives. Case Study: The Unknown Story of Marius Constant’s Official Visit to Communist Romania

Author(s): Ana Diaconu / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

The present study is part of a larger research, which focused on Romanian emigrant composers in France and their relationship with their homeland in the second half of the twentieth century, based on documents from the National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives. An analysis of the numerous notes and reports of the Securitate documenting composer Marius Constant’s official visit to Romania in 1985 sheds some light on how the authorities in communist Romania dealt with the diaspora, the ideological clichés, and on the high degree of control and manipulation that governed the country’s cultural policy.

Creative Creatures: Between Art and Anthropology

Author(s): Katarína Slobodová Nováková,Veronika Majdáková,Martina Pavlíková,Aleš Smrčka / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The visual capture of the world has been an integral part of the formation of ethnology and cultural anthropology since the beginning. It meant not only a source of knowledge of the local community, but especially of the time at which it was created. Sometimes photographs were taken accidentally during research trips as more or less documentary material, which were only superficially analysed and served to visually confirm the investigated state, or were a targeted photo documentation of disappearing phenomena, objects of material culture, ceremonies or genius loci of the researched area. At other times, photographs were created as a result of purposeful research and documentation of selected phenomena. The result of this is an interpretive openness and an effort to find and establish new analytical and interpretive processes that would be able to convey anthropological knowledge more effectively. Is art, or in our specific case artistic photography, usable for research or for interpretation of cultural or anthropological phenomena? We try to find an answer to this question by analysing the collection of photographs of the Creative Creatures project (subtitled Last Survivors) from Papua New Guinea, by art photographer Martin Machaj. We analyse not only its artistic rendering but also the ethnological, anthropological content and message of the work of art.