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(D)očekujući nemoguće – Nansijanska kardiognoza: pristati na rizik (uvijek i iznova)

Author(s): Bjanka Alajbegović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 91/2022

The geological era in which we live is called Anthropocene – it is the age in which the driving force is exactly the anthropos, man. Thanks to, yet again, man that could be the final chapter of Earth’s life (considering the announcements and predictions of the experts). Or is it, in fact, possible to think otherwise? Through the deconstruction of Christianity and through the overall corpus of his philosophical thought, Jean-Luc Nancy has given us indications and different movements. This text will try to indicate how ‘we’ – the flesh of the world – could ‘change direction’, actualise metanoia, modify tautology and heterology. Besides that, it is necessary to realise that we are always exposed, as a source to other fellow-sources. What we perceive as the world is the spacing of those fellow-sources. The essence of that world is separation. If certain mystics are to be believed, and Nancy who gladly refers to them, the place of salvation is not far away – it could as well be that personal and the ever-so foreign heart.

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(In)distinct Languages: Revisiting the Dualism of Literal and Literary Meaning in Roman Jakobson and Donald Davidson

Author(s): Aleksandar Mijatović / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2021

The paper traces the relationship between the literal and literary language that is found in structuralism and analytic philosophy. The paper’s gist provides a comparative account of Roman Jakobson’s and Donald Davidson’s notions of poetic language and their relation to the general idea of language as it is given in their work. In reconsidering Jakobson’s and Davidson’s arguments, I propose abandoning the dualistic hypotheses of the oppositions between literal and non-literal language, and between literal and literary language. I contend that the notions of first and literal meanings are necessary for other types of interpretation. The dualistic hypothesis requires the cascade model, which displays a bottom-top transition across hierarchically arranged levels of meanings. Instead, I outline the multilayered structure of language with two thresholds: mimetic and semiotic. Therefore, the cascade model should be replaced with the palimpsest model of concurring, merging, and blending layers of meanings.

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2. Поэзия и проза

Author(s): Yuri M. Lotman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/1964

Общепринятыми аксиомами в теории литературы считаются утверждения, что обычная речь людей и прозаическая речь - одно и то же и, вследствие этого, что проза по отношению к поэзии - явление первичное, предшествующее. Выдающийся знаток теории стиха Б. В. Томашевский, подытоживая многолетние разыскания в этой области, писал: «Предпосылкой суждения о языке является аксиома о том, что естественная форма, организованной, человеческой речи есть проза» .

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A FOUCAULDIAN STUDY OF POWER, SUBJECTIVITY, AND CONTROL IN THE BEATS’ LITERATURE AND LIFE

Author(s): Ehsan Emami Neyshaburi,Parvin Ghasemi / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2017

According to Foucault’s ideas, power produces discourses and the clash of discourses leads to the change of subjectivities or consciousnesses and also to the internalization of a particular discourse. In other words, it is via creation of subjectivities that power dominates human beings. The Beats knew that the subjectivity that people assign to themselves is imaginary and illusory; it has been given to them by their culture or society and accordingly, they define themselves and only imagine that they are that sort of persons independently and take it as ‘truth’. This paper strives to show that the Beats were completely cognizant of this process and through resisting the power, subjectivity, and control that society had imposed upon themtried to create new and different subjectivities, as Foucault had recommended.

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A post-structuralist revised Weil–Lévi-Strauss transformation formula for conceptual value-fields

Author(s): James B. Harrod / Language(s): English Issue: 2-3/2018

The structuralist André-Weil–Claude-Lévi-Strauss transformation formula (CF), initially applied to kinship systems, mythology, ritual, artistic design and architecture, was rightfully criticized for its rationalism and tendency to reduce complex transformations to analogical structures. I present a revised non-mathematical revision of the CF, a general transformation formula (rCF) applicable to networks of complementary semantic binaries in conceptual value-fields of culture, including comparative religion and mythology, ritual, art, literature and philosophy. The CF is a rule-guided formula for combinatorial conceptualizing in non-representational, presentational mythopoetics and other cultural symbolizations.

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A sokféleség két formája és a homogenizáció

Author(s): János Tóth I. / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2019

Diversity is the unity of sameness and non-sameness (difference). In a basic situation, the more significant the difference, the greater the diversity. However, the organic systems based on relatively homogeneous groups, sub-units and structures are governed by special rules. The heterogenization of groups, that is, their dissolution decreases diversity. I propose to present this paradox effect of homogenization through examples taken from biology and social studies. The structural diversity of humanity is closely linked to the objective and subjective sameness and identity of individuals. There are three fundamental, political approaches to relate to human diversity: hierarchy, the approach that emphasizes difference; equality that emphasizes sameness, and equality that emphasizes difference. The first approach belongs to the outworn past, therefore the battle for defining the future takes place between the remaining two approaches. The aspect that these approaches are debating is whether it is the individual form of diversity (globalization, deconstruction) or its structural form (emancipation, sovereignty) that must be promoted.

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A STIEGLERIANESQUE CRITIQUE OF TRANSHUMANISMS: ON NARRATIVES AND NEGANTHROPOCENE

Author(s): Adrian Mróz / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2019

While drawing from the philosophy of Bernard Stiegler throughout the paper, I commence by highlighting Zoltan Istvan’s representation of transhumanism in the light of its role in politics. I continue by elaborating on the notion of the promise of eternal life. After that I differentiate between subjects that are proper for philosophy (such as the mind or whether life is worth living) and science (measurable and replicable). The arguments mostly concern mind-uploading and at the same time I elaborate on a simple critique of mind-body dualism, which is one of the key imagined orders exploitable by technologies in the narratives of transhumanism present in popular culture. This is reframed as a problem of action. The focus of this article is on the claim that certain transhumanisms are dangerous forms of Neo-Darwinism. It comes from a critical assessment of capital and the exploitation of bodies through market forces. Entropy is a process of growing disorder, while neganthropy is an anthropological struggle against exploitation, not only of bodies, but of all ecosystems of the Earth. The arguments of Stiegler from a collection of lectures are recapitulated, and his claims are presented through the prism of transhuman narrative, with a particular focus on Christian Salmon's position in the book Storytelling: Bewitching the Modern Mind.

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A strawberry, an animal cry and a human subject: Where existential semiotics, biosemiotics and relational metaphysics seem to meet one another

Author(s): Katarzyna Machtyl / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2019

The article discusses some semiotic approaches to the relation between nature and culture. Starting with outlining the structuralistic approach to this issue, especially the ideas of Juri Lotman and Algirdas Julien Greimas, the author finds parallels between different views on the relation between the natural world and human beings. First, the juxtaposition of Eero Tarasti’s existential semiotics with selected concepts of biosemiotics is discussed. The following part of the paper is dedicated to Bruno Latour’s ideas on nature–culture relation, hybrids and mediations. Then the author refers to Lotman’s notion of the semiosphere as the common space for all living and inanimate elements. Closing the paper with a return to biosemiotics, the author comes back to Tarasti’s ideas and compares these with some ideas in biosemiotics, paying special attention to the concepts of unpredictability, choice and dynamics. The comparison shows that some intuitions, assumptions and theses of these different scholars turn out to be surprisingly convergent. The author believes that the outlined parallels between Tarasti’s view, Latour’s and Lotman’s concepts, and biosemiotics may be promising for further research, inviting detailed study.

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Acta Marisiensis. Philologia

Frequency: 1 issues / Country: Romania

<p>Acta Marisiensis. Philologia is an open access journal with all content free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open acces</p>

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Agamben’in Siyasal Kuramı ve Türkiye’deki Suriyelilerin Hukuksal Statüleri

Author(s): Esin Hamdi Dinçer / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Suriye’de 2011 yılında başlayan iç savaşın belki de en sıra dışı sonucu yaşananmülteci hareketidir. Altı milyonun üzerinde insanın ülkelerini terk etmesiylesonuçlanan iç savaş, bugün itibariyle 3,6 milyonun üzerinde mültecinin Türkiyesınırları içinde yaşamını sürdürmeye çalışması ile sonuçlanmıştır (UNRA, 2019). Bukapsamda pek çok toplumsal araştırmanın konusu olan Suriyeliler özellikle Avrupave Türkiye hukuksal sisteminin yeni tartışmalarının da odak noktası haline gelmiştir.“Geri Kabul Anlaşması” (GKA) ve “Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanunu”(YUKK) ise bu bağlamda yapılan tartışmalarda öne çıkmaktadır.

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Agonistička kritika deliberativne i pluralističke demokratije u delu Šantal Muf

Author(s): Kristina Vasić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2021

Agonism, which emphasizes the importance of conflict in politics, can be opposed to classical pluralism and deliberative democracy, although there are attempts at its reconciliation with the deliberative model. The aim of this essay is the analysis of political theory, which emphasizes agon (contest, Greek) as an inherent characteristic of politics, which should not be eradicated or suppressed into the private domain, but rather acknowledged and treated within the framework of liberal democracy. I will focus on the agonistic model of democracy offered by Chantal Mouffe, as one of the most influential theoreticians in this area. This essay will concentrate on the agonistic critique of the two mentioned models of democracy, questioning its justifiability and considering the alternative presented as agonism. Finally, I will present an attempt at integration of deliberative and agonistic democracy.

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Akt założycielski polskiego strukturalizmu immanentnego: Juliusza Kleinera Treść i forma w poezji

Author(s): Krzysztof Obremski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 35/2021

In Polish literary studies methodology, Kleiner’s status as entirely marginal, if not anachronistic, can be justified only on one condition, namely if we overlook the study Content and form in poetry (“Przegląd Warszawski” 1922, r. 2, vol. 2, pp. 323–333), for it can be read as the rejected cornerstone of Polish immanent structuralism. Due to the ambiguity of the term “structuralism”, it is necessary to define its meaning here: it will be determined by the historical context, i.e. the Course in General Linguistics (first edition: 1916). Adopting Janusz Sławiński’s terminology, we may add that it is a rejected cornerstone of immanent (“unconscious”) structuralism, not a formulated one.

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An Adieu to Europe: The Impossible Necessity of Balkan Politics

Author(s): Jelisaveta Blagojević / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2008

“Our experience is provincial,” writes Radomir Konstantinović at the very begining of his book, now famous, Philosophy of the Provincial, published in Belgrade in 1969. “Province is our destiny, it’s our evil fate,” he continues by using the metaphor of the provincial in order to describe the way of life and thinking typical of small town mentality.

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APORIJE DEMOKRATIJE

Author(s): Bernard Harbaš / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2020

This article deals with postmodern understanding of the problem democratic politics is facing. Throughout history, democracy has had different determinations and thus cannot have a universal definition. Since in democracy everybody’s voice count, it should also support the one who rejects it, and thus this order, in its full realization, creates autoimmunity (Derrida). For Jacques Ranciere, democracy cannot be defined as agreement, but on the contrary, as hatred and disagreement, because only that way fundamental democratic principles and procedures can be respected. Since agreement and equality lead to passivity and annul ability of critical individual thinking, resistance towards democracy itself is necessary in an authentic democracy. For Alain Badiou, democracy means a possibility for everyone to do what he wants and without any criteria i.e., that everybody expresses his opinion without argumentation. Therefore, he understands such order as a space for fulfilment of petty needs. Jean-Luc Nancy understands democracy not only as political order, but a way in which existence appears. He prefers neither direct nor representative democracy but looks at it as a singular plural appearance of the sense. Contrary to some postmodern theoreticians, Chantal Mouffe considers democracy can be realized only in its representative form, but that it also needs to consist of dispute and discussion. When the disputable dimension of democracy disappears, we entre into the post-political state characterized by agreement and passivity. Purpose of this article was to present and analyse some of the characteristics of democratic principles such as conflict, dispute, agreement, indeterminacy but also to point out possibilities of thinking democracy not only as political order, but also as a way of living.

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12.00 €

Arhipelag suvremene filozofije

Author(s): Tonči Valentić / Language(s): Croatian

The Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy consists of collected critical reviews and essays on 52 works by Croatian and European authors that have marked past two decades in philosophy. The book accurately and systematically monitors and critically registers the multiplicity and ramifications of various philosophical directions and intentions of the modern humanities. Tonči Valentić is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Fashion Design, University of Zagreb, where he teaches courses in Media Theory, Sociology of Culture, Semiotics of Fashion, and Cultural Anthropology. He obtained MA degree in philosophy and literature from Faculty of Humanities in Zagreb, MA degree in sociology and anthropology from CEU in Budapest and PhD in sociology from University of Ljubljana. His books include: Multiple Modernities (2006), Camera Absondita: Essays on Ontology of Photography (2013), Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy (2018) and Media Construction of Balkanism (2021).

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Arhitektura i filozofija: paradoksi i metamorfoze njihova susreta

Author(s): Chris Younès / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 05+08/2019

Dobro je poznato da je Jacques Derrida isticao ideju o suštinskom suživotu filozofije i arhitekture, te je rekao: »Collège international de philosophie treba osigurati mjesto susreta (rencontre), susret mišljenja, između filozofije i arhitekture. Ne zbog toga da se konačno sukobe, već da promisle što ih oduvijek drži zajedno u najbitnijoj kohabitaciji.«

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Art Addressing Consumerism in the Age of Late Capitalism

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Art Addressing Consumerism in the Age of Late Capitalism

Author(s): Polona Tratnik / Language(s): English Issue: 61/2021

The globalized world is still in the phase of late capitalism, signified by the establishment of multinational corporations, globalized markets and work, mass consumerism and the fluid flow of capital. The question of the criticism of art towards the capitalist system, its ideology and consumerism is therefore still current and is readdressed in this contribution. Considering this issue, the recurrent theoretical reference is American materialist aesthetician Fredric Jameson, who was among the first to define culture and art in the context of late capitalism. In the article the author revises Jameson’s critique of art addressing consumerism and demonstrates that he did not consider the relevance of the means of consumption as regards the cultural logic of late capitalism. She claims that in order to open space to examine contemporary art as being critical towards consumerism, one also needs to consider the ontological changes that have occurred to art and pay attention to performative art, while Jameson was still focused on a representational mode of art. By being performative and also setting out actions outside of spaces that were traditionally designed for art, in the space meant for consumption, art has much a better chance to act politically, which Jameson wished to see from art which addresses consumerism, but did not. The author argues that if one is to seek critical or political art in late capitalism, those would be the cases of artistic interventions into the means of consumption.

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Arti i interpretimit

Author(s): Ann Jefferson,Ag Apolloni / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 19/2020

Ann Jefferson (1949) është studiuese angleze, profesoreshë në Universitetin e Oksfordit dhe autore e shtatë librave kritikë mbi letërsinë franceze, si: Romani i Ri dhe poetika e prozës (1980), Duke lexuar realizmin nëpërmjet Stendalit (1988), Natali Sarot, Fiksioni dhe Teoria: probleme të dallimit (2000), Stendali: Manastiri i Parmës (2003), Biografia dhe çështja e letërsisë në Francë (2007) dhe Gjeniu në Francë: ideja dhe përdorimi (2014). Gjithashtu, në bashkautorësi me studiuesin David Robey, ka botuar librin Teori letrare moderne (1982). Nga viti 2004 është anëtare e Akademisë Britanike. Përveç në Oksford, ku tash është Proffesor Emeritus, ka ligjëruar edhe në Columbia University (SHBA) dhe Sorbonne (Francë).

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Balkan kao "razvalinski pejzaž" čudovišne drugosti

Author(s): Nina Alihodžić-Hadžialić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 11-12/2022

A contemptuous view of the Balkans is of a displaying nature directed towards multiple projections that hold within themselves „civilisation mission“ enforced through various aspects in order to, by conquering others and constructing identity of the otherness, produce a proper legitimising stronghold. It, together with narcissism, creates astonishing otherness. A contemporary postmodern philosophical thought clearly finds it necessary to discuss differences - particularly when having in mind a globalization phenomena, full of paradoxes, universalism supposed to act as an imaginary filter for all discussions on submissiveness, discrimination, „conquering the Other“ by using „imperialism of imagination“. The objective of this work is to remind us of those discussions held in the last decade trying to redesign discourse images of the Balkans. Also, this work is supposed to make us use scientific and critical analysis to rethink up-to-date narrative colonisation of the Balkans which has turned out not to be a mere excess but has rather called for civilisation changes we have witnessed. If we accomplish the task to define this term with the objective to understand it fully and scientifically with new cognition that there does exist a possibility to speak up through „creativity of bordering mind“ we will make a breakthrough. Scientific research should hopefully represent an addition towards „uncovering“ the relation between literature and ideology. Therefore, we will probably be able to see an obvious search for one‘s own identity through conceptually acceptable discourse of balkanism in which the astonishing I is a „ closeness covered with distance“.

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Barthes and Lotman: Ideology vs culture

Author(s): Patrick Sériot / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Despite both being great names in semiotics, Roland Barthes and Juri Lotman have more differences than they share similarities – not only because of their different political and historico-cultural environments, but also because they do not have the same object of study: it is ‘ideology’ for Barthes, and ‘culture’ for Lotman. Thus, there is no intellectual common ground between them, yet comparing them can lead us to a more important question: what is semiotics, and what has structuralism to do with it?

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