"What are We to Do, and What May We Hope for?" A Semi-Kantian Treatment of the Second and the Third of Kant’s Three Big Questions

Author(s): Fritz Wenisch / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2004

I am not a Kantian. In fact, I consider the outlines of the Kantian system as he developed it in his first Critique as incoherent in several respects. Two of them are: First, as Fichte suggested, the very concept of a thing-in-itself causes an insurmountable problem for Kant; for how can one know that an entity supposedly totally unknown to us is the origin of the chaos of sense perception? Second, there is the well-known related difficulty with respect to causality, a category supposedly applicable only in the realm of phenomena, while at the same time, the non-phenomenal thing-in-itself somehow is to "give rise to" the chaos of sense perceptions. As a minimum, this comes dangerously close to a strictly forbidden transcendent application of causality2. I consider both problems as fatal to the Kantian system. [...]

«ЗАРОЗУМІЛА МОВА» В РОСІЙСЬКОМУ ФУТУРИЗМІ ЯК «ЯВИЩЕ» ТА «РІЧ В СОБІ» ВІДПОВІДНО ДО «КРИТИКИ ЧИСТОГО РОЗУМУ» ІММАНУЇЛА КАНТА

Author(s): Olga Sergeevna Vernyhorenko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 35/2019

The purpose of the article. To study the «zaum» of Russian futurism as a «phenomenon» and as a «thing in itself» in accordance with the philosophical work of Immanuel Kant «Critique of Pure Reason», a work devoted to the definition of sources, principles and limits of scientific knowledge. Methodology. The methodology of the research is to apply comparative-historical, biographical and psychological methods. Scientific novelty. In the work, for the first time, the cultural-philosophical vision of the problem of «arrogant language» was introduced (the introduction of author's creation, the creation of new words, which, unlike neologisms, were deprived of meaning and general understanding; a language that lies outside the mind (V. Khlebnikov) in Russian futurism According to I. Kant, «Critique of Pure Reason». Conclusions. The image of an object or object as a «phenomenon» in accordance with «Critique of Pure Reason» by I. Kant is always a subjective reflection of reality, which does not bear information about the true essence of Object: Different points of view regarding «arrogant language», expressed by the creators and researchers of Russian futurism, with their versatility and opposite approach to the comprehensiveness of understanding of the subject of research - "zamoum", and open the way for future scientific research in this topic.

31 международен Хегелов конгрес

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2016

A Dialectical Approach to Berleant’s Concept of Engagement

Author(s): Thomas Leddy / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

Arnold Berleant shares much in common with John Dewey. His notion of aesthetic engagement, which is central to his philosophy of art, is, like Dewey’s concept of “an experience,” an attack on dualistic notions of aesthetic experience. To the extent that Berleant and I are both Deweyans, we agree that we need to turn from the art object to art experience. Art is what it does in experience. Yet appreciative experience of art cannot happen without, at some point, focusing on the art object as such, and this means bracketing context. Engagement is important, but so too are contemplation, disinterestedness and distance. Contemplation, for example, is a moment both in the creative process and in the process of appreciation. Moreover, following Brand and Gracyk, it will be argued in the present paper that only through toggling between contemplation and engagement can we obtain a full experience of art, nature, or of the everyday.

Abbagnanowska krytyka tradycyjnej filozofii: Augustyn, Descartes, Kant

Author(s): Jakub Bartoszewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

The article discusses the issue of possibilities in the context of Abbagnano’s perspective on traditional philosophy. Following the founder of the philosophy of possibilities, certain philosophers were selected who in the opinion of the Italian existentialist had a significant impact on culture and philosophical tradition. Therefore, only three figures are discussed: Augustine, Descartes and Kant.

Acculturation Process and Ethnic Identity of Immigrants in Germany

Author(s): Liudmyla Smokova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

In the present study, we discuss psychological acculturation, by which we mean the internal processes of change that immigrants experience when they come into direct contact with members of the host culture. The model we present builds on research in the areas of social and ethnic identity. Each of these perspectives is discussed in accordance with its relevance to the acculturative processes operating in immigrants. We understand ethnic identity as a dynamic state, that is determined by three components: (1) by the degree of inclusion in the group of one’s cultural origin; (2) the tendency to assimilate to the ethnic group of origin; and (3) the complementary tendency to differentiate from one’s own ethnic group. Social identity conveys belonging of the individual to different social categories and the value as well as emotional significance of this membership. We have sought to explain how the processes of social categorization, inand out-group identification and social comparison predetermine the direction of the acculturation process and hence the intercultural interaction and wellbeing of the youth from immigrant backgrounds in Germany. Results indicated that immigrants who have more identified themselves with dominant society have expressed the strong preference to integration strategies. The immigrants that had a high degree of ethnic identification have expressed the low preference to the integration as well to marginalization and assimilation. In its turn, the powerful feeling of belonging to an ethnic group and attitude towards the group promotes immigrants segregation choice.

Adorno: elementi intelektualne biografije

Author(s): Hans-Günther Holl / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 06/1983

Historijski razvoj interesovanja za Adomovo djelo, gotovo zaboravljeno u Njemačkoj nekoliko godina poslije smrti autora Negativne dijalektike, svjedoči pouzdano o važnosti te filozofije — po suštini protivnoj »integraciji« a osuđenoj na »izolovanost« — od oduševljenog ali površnog pristajanja koje je najprije doživjela.

Adornovo mišljenje o Hegelovoj filozofiji

Author(s): Muslija Muhovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 288/1983

Bloch-Lukacs-Aorno, bez svake sumnje, predstavljaju najznačajnija imena plodonosne interpretacije Hegelove filozofije u XX stoljeću. Ovaj trolist, u kojem svaki pomenuti mislilac poduzima svojevrsnu interpretaciju Hegelove filozofije, ukazuje na jedno od fundamentalnih pitanja suvremenog filozofijskog mišljenja, zapravo pitanje odnosa Marx-Hegel, koje se osvjetljava uvijek iz nove optike.

Against Hegel and Marx: In Favor of Danto’s, Benjamin’s, and Löwith’s Critiques of Universal History

Author(s): Rocco ASTORE / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

A commonality shared by Hegel and Marx is their belief in the existence of a collective destiny or universal history of humankind. Though compelling, it persists that there are major challenges to interpreting history as such. First, this piece will surmise each authors’ understanding of the common historical theme, and goal,they believe unites all people. Next, this essay will draw from philosophers Walter Benjamin and Danto, to challenge each theorists’ version of universal history.Lastly, this work will draw from Spinoza and Löwith, to further argue that the possibility of a common human history is almost nil, because of the conflicting influences unavoidably tainting the attempts of philosophers such as Hegel and Marx at universalizing history.

Aktualnost filozofije

Author(s): Theodor W. Adorno / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 05+08/2017

Tko danas odabire filozofski rad kao zanimanje, mora od samog početka odustati od iluzije s kojom su nekoć započinjale filozofske razrade: da je moguće snagom mišljenja zahvatiti totalitet stvarnoga. Nikakav opravdavajući razum nije se mogao ponovno pronaći u stvarnosti čiji poredak i oblik pobija svaki zahtjev razuma; tek polemički ona se spoznavatelju pruža kao cijela stvarnost, dok samo u tragovima i krhotinama dopušta nadu da bi se jednom dospjelo do prave i odgovarajuće stvarnosti.

Aktuelnost Kantove filozofije. Okrugli sto "Kant danas"

Author(s): Dunja Šešelja / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2004

Povodom dva veka od smrti Imanuela Kanta, u novosadskoj Gimnaziji “Jovan Jovanović Zmaj" 29. aprila ove godine organizovan je okrugli sto o aktuelnosti Kantove filozofije, .,Kant danas". U razgovoru su učestvovali profesori Filozofskog fakulteta u Beogradu - dr Jovan Aranđelović, dr Sima Elaković i dr Živan Lazović i profesori Filozofskog fakulteta u Novom Sadu- dr Milenko A. Perović i dr Mirko Aćimović. [...]

Alexandre Kojève: Moskovska mandarinska marksistička krtica u Francuskoj

Author(s): Keith Patchen / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 20/2015

Tko je bio Aleksandar Vladimirovič Koževnikov? Kako bismo shvatili Koževnikova, Rusa koji je preuzeo francusko državljanstvo i promijenio ime Aleksandar Koževnikov u Alexandre Kojeve, trebamo za misliti utjecajnoga agenta ruske obavještajne službe, KGB-a, koji je djelovao u središtu Europe i francuske ekonomske i međunarodne ekonomske politike.

ALMAN İDEALİZMİNDE FICHTE’NİN BEN FELSEFESİ

Author(s): Abdurrazak GÜLTEKIN / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 16/2018

When talking on Philosophy of Self, the philosophical vision thought on the subject by centring the essence of the “Self” that is the subject, comes to mind. The expression that philosophy is a reflexive attitude shows us that philosophy is an activity of reflection on itself. Thinking is always to think of something. When thinking about a subject, this sometimes can be a table, sometimes a desk, sometimes a soul or a God, as well as it can be even a thinking of Self. From this point of view, thinking also means to think itself. Namely, it means to think thinking itself or to think on the person who thinks. This is literally Philosophy of Self. Especially German philosophers have created a philosophical tradition on German Idealism and the Philosophy of Self.

An interpretation of Evil’s perception in the Freedom essay of Friedrich Schelling

Author(s): Georgios KARAKASIS / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

The aim of this paper is to bring into light the significance of Schelling’s Freedom Essay for our understanding of how evil is to be perceived and which its nature is. More specifically, in the first part we will start by presenting the distinction made by the German philosopher between the ground and the existence of God so as to show the way human being rises as pure potentiality from the ground of God. In the second part we will examine how what was a pure potentiality and blind will, namely the human being in the ground, enlightened by the rays of the understanding, of the Word as universal will, gets to know itself and become aware of its own willing as such. Once what was a blind will in the ground gets touched by the light of understanding, it is shone forth by the latter’s spirit. Hence, we witness the becoming of the human being from a mere selfhood to a personality; a radical change accompanied by the self-aware human being’s will to will either his subordination to what has made his self-awareness feasible or his decision to make himself the centre of all existence. Thus, the - firstly ground - grounded blind will becomes a powerful will able to freely will something, even though this something is evil. In the last part we will examine the challenges the evil sets in modern society and we will highlight the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach towards our understanding of what evil and its relation with modern society’s human being is.

Angelas Daugirdas Ir Immanuelio Kanto Filosofija

Author(s): Marius Grigonis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 81/2014

The paper aims to present Dowgird’s attitude toward various topics in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Its main objective is to specify and characterize Dowgird’s convictions which are of a direct relevance to the issues posed within transcendental idealism. The paper delivers t important information concerning Dowgird’s life, a general outline of his philosophical conceptions against the background of philosophy during the Polish- Lithuanian Enlightenment, and – in the main part – an articulation of these elements in Dowgird’s philosophy which stand in a clear opposition to Kant’s views. The aim of the paper is to justify the thesis that Dowgird’s attitude toward Kant’s philosophy was a complex, highly critical one, though different from that of other philosophers of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Dowgird’s uniqueness is twofold. First, in comparison with the efforts of his Enlightenment contemporaries, his analyses of Kant’s theories were more substantial, very scrupulous and exceptionally sophisticated. Second, many of the problems discussed by Kant were approved by Dowgird as rightful philosophical questions.

Antigone’s stance amongst Slovenia’s undead

Author(s): Rachel Aumiller / Language(s): English / Issue: 29/2017

Memorialization in the form of the architectural statue can suggest that our stance towards the past is concrete while memorials in the form of repeated social activity represent reconciliation with the past as a continual process. Enacted memorials suggest that reconciliation with the past is not itself a thing of the past. Each generation must grapple with its inherited memories, guilt, and grief and self-consciously take its own stance towards that which came before it. This article considers Dominik Smole’s post World War II rewrite of Antigona as an enacted memorial within the context of socialist Yugoslavia. The practice of restaging Antigona in Slovenia may be seen as the practice of meta-memorialization, which routinely returns to the past while openly weighing the dangers of awakening the unburied dead against the dangers of letting the unaddressed conflicts of the past sleep.

Antropotehnika i filozofski smijeh

Author(s): Željko Senkovic,Darija Prahin / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1-2/2016

Da bismo govorili o ≫kraju povijesti≪ potrebno je biti u hegelijanskoj dispoziciji, primjerice razrađenoj od Alexandrea Kojevea. Teorija kraja povijesti ima u sebi mnogo toga sugestivnog, kakve su već sve megalomanske teme. U osno vi, riječ je o tezi da su moderna društva došla na takvu razinu da više ne ma bitnih inovacija, nego je još samo moguće perfektuiranje u za danim gabaritima.

APIE FILOSOFIJOS KAIP MOKSLO PRIGIMTĮ

Author(s): Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 91/2017

Mintis arba siekis sukurti žmogiškojo pažinimo sistemą, arba kitaip ir tiksliau tariant – siekis į žmogiškąjį pažinimą žvelgti kaip į sistemą ir vienovę, be abejonės, iš anksto numato tai, jog pirmiausia ir pats savaime žmogiškasis pažinimas nėra sistema – ἀσύστατον – tai, kas nėra vienovėje ir veikiau yra vidujai susipriešinęs pats su savimi. Norint suvokti šį nesistemiškumą, šį nepastovumą ir nevientisumą, tai, kas yra tarsi žmogiškojo pažinimo bellum intestinum (kadangi šis vidinis susipriešinimas turi būti atskleistas), žmogaus protas turėjo būti išmėgintas visomis galimomis kryptimis.

APIE FILOSOFINĖS KRITIKOS ESMĘ IR JOS SANTYKĮ SU ŠIUOLAIKINĖS FILOSOFIJOS SITUACIJA

Author(s): Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel,Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 92/2017

Kritika, kad ir kokioje meno ar mokslo srityje būtų taikoma, reikalauja kriterijaus, kuris būtų nepriklausomas nei nuo sprendžiančiojo, nei nuo paties dalyko, apie kurį sprendžiama.Ji reikalauja tokio kriterijaus, kuris būtų išvestas ne iš kokio nors paskiro reiškinio arsubjekto ypatybės, bet iš nekintančio ir amžino paties dalyko provaizdžio (Urbild). Kaip kad vaizduojamojo meno idėja nėra sukuriama ar atrandama meno kritikos dėka, o veikiau yra jos suponuojama, taip ir filosofinės kritikos atveju pačios filosofijos idėja yra jos pirminė prielaida ir sąlyga. Be šiosidėjosji vieną subjektyvybę tik supriešintų su kita ir niekad patį absoliutą su tuo, kas sąlygota.

ARISTOTLE – KANT CANON

Author(s): Mihai D. Vasile / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

There is much talk about “Plato-Kant canon”, but it is no less legitimate discourse about the “canon of Aristotle-Kant”. This communication aims to support the thesis about “Aristotle-Kant canon” with arguments from Aristotle’s work influences history on European metaphysics.