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The Transcendence in Lucian Blaga’s Philosophical Thinking

The Transcendence in Lucian Blaga’s Philosophical Thinking

Author(s): Stelian Manolache / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

On the occasion of the conference on Transcendence and Immanence - a topic building on the dialogue between philosophy and theology in the modern and post-modern time -, among the produced subjects, a discussion was held on the role played in respect with this dialogue by the inter-war famous philosophers, such as Lucian Blaga and Dumitru Stăniloaie. Below, we will present the issue of Transcendence according the philosopher-poet Lucian Blaga’s vision; his vision is structured into a Trilogy in his work: The Trilogy of Knowledge - The Dogmatic Aeon, The Luciferic Knowledge, The Transcendental Censorship - The Trilogy of the Culture - Horizon and Style; The Mioritic Space; The Genesis of the Metaphor and The Meaning of Culture - and The Trilogy of Values - Science and Creation; Magic Thinking and Religion; Art and Value. In these trilogies, the philosopher - poet elaborates, from an original metaphysical point of view, on the dimension of the knowledge of Transcendence - which he would define in in The Horizon of Mystery and Revelation. His vision will be addressed in a new theory of knowledge, which the philosopher-poet Lucian Blaga would distinguish as paradisiac knowledge and Lucifer knowledge, within a new Metaphysics that would allow access to Transcendence and to the wonders beyond. Postulating the existence of certain faculties of Conscience, his Metaphysics would become, according to the Theory of Transcendence, a must for the human spirit; a proof for his approach would be the great philosophical systems of the world, from the antique to the modern.

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NeoNeoplatonism: Can Theology be studied With the Scientific Attitude

NeoNeoplatonism: Can Theology be studied With the Scientific Attitude

Author(s): Bruno Marchal / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

In this short paper I will argue that theology, or at least Platonist theology can be done with the scientific method, but that, perhaps paradoxically at first sight, this does not prevent the role of religion, nor the necessity of a dialog between science and theology (making it in part into a dialog internal to science) or between science and religion, seen as possible applied theology. It is important to keep in mind that science, well understood, has at the start something common with (some) religion, which is a humility and modesty attitude. Science is born from the doubt, lives with the doubt, and never abandon the doubting attitude in any of its possible conclusion. We just don’t know, in science, and can only make our beliefs/ assumptions/theories as much precise as possible so that we make higher the possibility of refuting them, so that we can abandon them or improve them. Theology, once made with the scientific attitude is no exception, and (re)making theology into a science, consists in reintroducing genuine doubts in the heart. Only bad faith can fear reasons. Only bad reasons can fear faith. When fundamental science forget this, it becomes a kind of pseudo-religion.

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„I have a drone!“ Война на дронове
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„I have a drone!“ Война на дронове

Author(s): Stoyan Stavru / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/1/2015

This article discusses the new perspectives of warfare in the context of automatic weapons. Gaining distance from hostilities decreases the significance of the human body and increases the mathematical and technical approach to the other’s death. The enemy becomes a vague point in the visualization, which could be dealt with through algorithms and representations. The paper touches upon some questions concerning the future uses of drones.

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Понятието „значение“ при Дейвидсън
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Понятието „значение“ при Дейвидсън

Author(s): Tomislav Evtimov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/1/2015

The concept of "meaning" is extremely important in the philosophy of language in the 20th and 21st centuries. The purpose of this paper is to describe the theoretical basis and the uses of this concept in the post-analitic tradition and more specifically in the texts of Donald Davidson and Richard Rorty. Selected works of both philosophers and several short articles on the issue are analyzed in the process. Davidson's attitude towards the role of "meaning" has gone through some metamorphosis over the years, so I opt to present the theoretical framework of tjis earlier stage, which is closely linked to ideas of Tarski and Quine, and his relatively late stage where the idea of triangulation arises. At the end of the article, I describe Rorty's attitude towards the problem of the terms "meaning" and "truth". The inclusion of Rorty permits us to highlight the position of Davidson on the topic and clearly showes the problems of theoretical thinking in the field of philosophy of language.

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Rancièreov strukturni opis demokracije: »nepravda« i neubrojeni

Rancièreov strukturni opis demokracije: »nepravda« i neubrojeni

Author(s): Oliver Davis / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 04+06/2015

Sada je jasno da je za Rancièrea »policija« ono što se najčešće shvaća kao politika, ali vrlo malo znamo kako on konkretno shvaća politiku, osim da sadržava »aktivnu« jednakost. Za Rancièrea, sve političke borbe imaju zajedničku strukturu, ili formu. Za njega demokracija nije samo jedan od oblika političkog režima, ona je suština politike kao suprotnosti policiji. Rancière je porijeklo tog shvaćanja suštine politike potražio na izvorištu demokracije, u antičkoj Ateni. Atenska demokracija pojavila se 594. g. pr. Kr. kad je Solonovim reformama ukinuto dužničko ropstvo. Nakon toga pojavila se klasa građana nazvanih demos, narod, a njeni pripadnici nisu imali tradicionalna svojstva za koja se smatralo da su nužna za aktivno sudjelovanje u političkom procesu (imutak, »izvrsnost« po rođenju ili moralu), a ipak su tvrdili da su ne samo ravnopravno sudjeluju u politici s bogatima, plemenitima i moralno nadmoćnima, nego da su jedino oni temelj suvereniteta grada.

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Ideja o europeizaciji Španjolske početkom 20. stoljeća

Ideja o europeizaciji Španjolske početkom 20. stoljeća

Author(s): Ksenija Šulović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 04/140/2015

This paper analyzes some fundamental attitude differences between José Ortega y Gasset and Spanish literature Generation of ‘98, regarding the problem of Spain after the defeat in the war with the United States in 1898. In the early years of the 20th century, with the aim to reflect on the causes and shortcomings in society and to come up with rational and positive solutions, the Spanish philosopher and writer seeks to examine issues that have concerned writers of Generation ‘98. This research is focused on presenting Ortega y Gasset’s idea of Europeanisation of Spain, which implementation would lead to improvement of Spain’s position on historical as well as social, cultural, and educational level. Regarding this, we also examined some attitudes of Joaquín Costa, who was committed to creating a stable “middle class” in Spain, as well as the attitudes of Ángel Ganivet, who focused on the issue of the Spanish identity and, as expected, we examined the reflections of the Generation ‘98, primarily those of Miguel de Unamuno, as one of the Generation’s representatives.

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Recepcija Hegelove društveno-političke misli u djelu Charlesa Taylora

Recepcija Hegelove društveno-političke misli u djelu Charlesa Taylora

Author(s): Vladimir Nocić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 04/140/2015

This paper considers the role that Hegel’s social and political philosophy plays in modern Anglo-American philosophical tradition. The author accordingly begins with the criticism of Charles Taylor by Richard J. Bernstein, regarding the former’s study on Hegel’s philosophy. By analyzing two fundamental concepts on which Taylor’s reception of Hegel is based – expressivist definition of the self and ethical life – the author shows that these problems are essentially inseparable and that they are nothing but two manifestations of one core problem, which pertains to the definition of the subject within the community in which it is shaped during interaction with others. The author concludes that Bernstein’s criticism of Taylor’s study is mostly limited to the noetic and theoretical aspects of Hegel’s philosophy, while neglecting the social and political ones. Consequently, it fails to satisfactorily establish the significance of Hegel’s philosophy of objective spirit in a modern socio-political context. In the Anglo-American tradition, this significance is most adequately established and represented by Taylor.

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Emergencija mentalnog/racionalnog i potiskivanje/marginaliziranje tjelesnog

Emergencija mentalnog/racionalnog i potiskivanje/marginaliziranje tjelesnog

Author(s): Vanja Borš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 03/139/2015

In this paper the attention is focused on the emergence of mental/rational thinking (level of consciousness), particularly in phylogenetic context, which is largely characterized by a deviation manifested in suppression and marginalization of the bodily. Namely, it is the emergence of the mental/rational which presents the beginning of the mentioned deviation (in mythic discourse presented and celebrated as the victory of the Hero over the Great Mother), that is, the suppression and marginalization of all that which has been or still is associated with the bodily: sexual, feminine, unconscious, nature, etc. Lastly, the starting point of this paper is that, through the deconstruction of the mind–body dichotomy, we need to awake the fundamentality of the bodily and thus, instead of suppressing and dissociating it as mentioned (which marks a considerable part of the Occidental history), transcend and integrate it healthily (which is characteristic of the integral thinking, that is, the integral level of consciousness).

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Niczego nie urodzić – obsolety nowoczesności i zawieszenie przymusu (re)produkcji
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Niczego nie urodzić – obsolety nowoczesności i zawieszenie przymusu (re)produkcji

Author(s): Andrzej Marzec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2014

In the article the author discusses the messianic hopes associated with childbirth. He contrasts the enthusiastic expectations for salvation associated with childbirth with Derrida’s concept of desert messianism, of hope without hope. The author then shows how the appearance of the child carries with it the promise of death, using the Greek myth of Kronos and the philosophical considerations of Georges Bataille. Next, the author focuses on the phenomenon of the loss of visions for the future, which he calls the “stillbirths of modernity”, and attempts to explain this reluctance to create the perfect world of tomorrow. The last part of the article is an interpretation of "Huba" ("Parasite", 2014), directed by Anna and Wilhelm Sasnal, which represents in this context an attempt to abstain from forced (re)production.

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Marksizm i socjalizm w XXI wieku

Marksizm i socjalizm w XXI wieku

Author(s): Zbigniew Wiktor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2015

The collapse of „real socialism” in b. The USSR and European countries in the 90s of thetwentieth century strengthened the counter-revolution, global capitalism and imperialism.Capitalism has entered the era of globalization and subsequent crises that overcomes inEurope through integration, while globally by a new wars. The contradictions of the capitalist, big unemployment, crises, wars and class antagonisms between the bourgeoisie (oligarchy) and the proletariat (prekariatem), the imperialiststates and the countries of the so-called. 3rd world contribute to the growth ofanti-capitalist forces, including the international communist movement and the search fora new intake of scientific socialism – suitable for the conditions of the knowledge society,globalization and the contradictions of the 21st century.In China and Cuba created new theories which Marxism matched to local conditionsfor growth. In the international communist movement takes place a multilateral discussionon contemporary Marxism and socialism of the XXI century. The basic problem isto define the main force of the revolutionary, socialist market economy, diversity andunity of the communist movement, the possibility of unity and cooperation communists,socialists and social democrats.

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Konsumpcja jako źródło alienacji w teorii szkoły frankfurckiej

Konsumpcja jako źródło alienacji w teorii szkoły frankfurckiej

Author(s): Łukasz Iwasiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2015

The paper presents in detail the views on consumption of the classics of Frankfurt School:Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Erich Fromm, Herbert Marcuse. They argued thatin capitalist society not only work, but also the market consumption – although takenvoluntarily and bringing consumers satisfaction – becomes a source of alienation. Theyconceived alienation as depriving individuals of some fundamental aspect of humanity(individualism, creative potential, critical thinking). While in Marx’s theory means ofproduction belonged to the capitalist class, which controlled them, on the grounds ofFrankfurt School discourse means of consumption are supervised by increasingly anonymous, reified system, whose unwitting creator, and at the same time a victim, is each consumer.In this perspective, all members of capitalist society are subjected to oppressiveideology of consumerism, which is a kind of false consciousness.

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Jasieński na lewo.

Jasieński na lewo.

Author(s): Michał Nikodem / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2015

In my article I present a short, historical overview of the literary works of Bruno Jasieński,put in a chronological order and seen from the Marxist perspective. I refer to the statementson Jasieński’s oeuvre made by Polish Marxist critics both before and after WWIIand present their judgments about his books. I adopt a three-part division of Jasieńskilife and works proposed by Krzysztof Jaworski. Firstly, I focus on what can be called asa futuristic and salon socialism period. In this part I analyze Jaśnieński’s poetical debut –But w butonierce, a volume widely seen as being strongly influenced by the Russian Ego- Futurism. I also present a brief overview of the role played by Jasieński in the unificationof Polish futurist movement. Finally, I refer to Pieśń o głodzie, a narrative poem in whichJasieński combined futuristic and socialist inspirations, effectively inventing a new kind

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Ispisivanje traga: književnost, politika i političko

Author(s): Zrinka Božić Blanuša / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2014

Kada je 1980. godine u Parizu utemeljen Centar za filozofska istraživanja političkog (Centre de recherches philosophiques sur le politique), njegovi su osnivači Jean-Luc Nancy i Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe istaknuli nužnost propitivanja biti političkog, i to polazeći od pojave koju su nazvali le re-trait du politique (povlačenje/odstupanje/uzmak političkog). Pod tim su pojmom podrazumijevali opću poznatost političkog u smislu “očiglednosti (zasljepljujuće očiglednosti) politike” odnosno shvaćanja “da je sve političko”, ali i otvaranje pitanja biti političkog na potpuno nov način (Nancy i Lacoue-Labarthe 1981: 18).

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Privatna i javna politika teksta

Author(s): Ivana Perica / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2014

The article relates political and literary theory and discusses their recent synergistic outcome – the “politics of literature”. “Politics of literature” is not only a conceptual descendant of the postmodern emancipatory tactics that change the society ‘from within’ but a spin-off of the post-M arxist reworking of hegemony theory as well. On the one hand, it involves a break with the emancipation understood as striving for the “rights” articulated by diverse “identities”, and, on the other, it implies a final theoretical abandonment of the base-and-superstructure-determinism according to which literature would be no more than a reflection of reality of production forces. The article repositions the current debate on the politics of literature by channelling it towards a critique of the ideologemes of privatism and passivism. The emphasis is not so much on the critical praxis of reading the texts supposed to be irrevocably immersed into ideology, as on insisting on reading those texts that, even without critical mediation, subvert the above-mentioned ideologemes and possibly even offer a sort of “prospective opening” in their ideological setting. One should keep in mind that the conceptual ambivalence of “emancipation” allows for reshuffling of prospective political (and literary-political) projects so that every emancipatory gesture that approaches the space of public visibility by departing from its previous deprived state could at any moment show its own dispossessing face. The critic’s task is not to read ideology but to observe the textual usage of concepts of “private” and “public” (parallel to “deprived” and “privileged”, “passive” and “active”), i.e. to critically examine the fictively formulated political activity and carefully wait for the moment in which the political turns into politics.

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Pogled pjesnika

Pogled pjesnika

Author(s): Emmanuel Levinas / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 05+08/2016

Refleksija Mauricea Blanchota o umjetnosti i književnosti ima najviše moguće ambicije. Interpretacija Hölderlina, Mallarméa, Rilkea, Kafke, Renéa Chara, podastrta u njegovu posljednjem djelu Književni prostor, ide dublje od najoštrije kritike, djelo se zapravo smješta s onu stranu svake kritike i svake egzegeze.

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Rolanda Barthes’a tęsknota za Neutralnym

Rolanda Barthes’a tęsknota za Neutralnym

Author(s): Jakub Niedźwiedzki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2014

Esej Rolanda Barthes’a tęsknota za Neutralnym poświęcony jest przybliżeniu głównego tematu jednego z ostatnich seminariów Rolanda Barthes’a, Le Neutre. Tematem tym jest neutralność rozumiana jako strategia obalająca duali-styczne schematy dominujące w naszej kulturze. Omówiona zostaje również kwestia związku Barthes’owskiej koncepcji z Kursem językoznawstwa ogólnego Ferdinanda de Saussure’a, który zawsze był głównym źródłem inspiracji dla autora Mitologii. Następnie wyjaśniona zostaje kwestia bliskości tego, co neutralne, i literatury, która w myśli Barthes’a jest uprzywilejowaną dziedziną neutralności.

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Filozofija i nacionalsocijalizam – na primjeru Martina Heideggera
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Filozofija i nacionalsocijalizam – na primjeru Martina Heideggera

Author(s): Otto Pöggeler / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 19/2014

Ne može biti sumnje da Nijemci danas moraju pronaći novi odnos pre ma svojoj povijesti. Četrdeset godina prošlo je otkako je nakon užasne katastrofe jedan dio njih u Saveznoj Republici dao Temeljni zakon, dok je drugi u Njemačkoj Demokratskoj Republici morao krenuti drugim putovima.

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Nacionalsocijalizam, svjetski Židovi i povijest bitka
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Nacionalsocijalizam, svjetski Židovi i povijest bitka

Author(s): Richard Wolin / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 19/2014

Schwarze Hefte (»Crne bilježnice«) Martina Heideggera, a prve tri su nakon tiskanja u Njemačkoj nedavno izazvale veliku kontroverzu, naposljetku će biti objavljene kao osam posljednjih svezaka njegovih gigantskih Gesamtausgabe (»Sabrana djela«).

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On the unity of theory and practice in Heidegger’s thought

On the unity of theory and practice in Heidegger’s thought

Author(s): Nerijus Stasiulis / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The article presents the unity of theory and practice as the clue to Heidegger’s thought. Hence, Heideggerian notions are explicated with respect to the living situation of their occurrence. The Seynsgeschichtlich aspect is considered crucial for comprehending the gist of the notion of the ontological difference. In the light of the historicity of Heidegger’s thought, its relations to the philosophy of ancient Greeks, especially to that of Aristotle and Plato, are explained. The Heideggerian reading of Greek concepts as well as the Aristotelian Platonic character of Heideggerian musings is taken into account. Precise links between Heideggerian and Greek conceptions are indicated. A tentative outline of the ontological difference is suggested.

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Filozofijski ulomci i zapamćenja

Filozofijski ulomci i zapamćenja

Author(s): Zdravko Kordić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 91/2016

Ovi tekstovi su predviđeni kao zapisi, zapamćenja i ulomci koji su predavani još 1979./80. godine, kao i tekstovi prisjećanja i elemenata koje sam zapamtio predajući niz godina filozofiju u srednjim školama te na sveučilištu Hercegovina (Fakultetu društvenih znanosti). Naravno, nije riječ o povijesti filozofije, već o tekstovima koji su zapisani, zacrtani u mnogim udžbenicima i hrestomatijama, pa je tako ovaj tekst – čitateljski, koji može poslužiti u pojedinim slučajevima kao podsjećanje na izvođenje nekih nastavnih jedinica.

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