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Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Artur Hellich,Jan Potkański / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The autors of the articles look for the answers to the questions of “What is philology? What it used to be or could be?”, “Who is a philologist and what do they do?”, “How does a philologist justify and legitimise what they do?” from various complementary perspectives: the history of the discipline and its modern developments, classic texts of philosophy and the most recent literary studies practices, a personal love for words and a sense of responsibility for the shared world. These considerations are as much meta-scientific as they are identity-based, arising from the need to answer the question about the role of the contemporary scholar of the humanities.

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Filologia: problemy definicyjne (od Baudouina do de Mana)

Author(s): Łukasz Żurek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author presents a brief history of the reception of philology in post-war Americaand describes the Anglo-Saxon trend of the “return to philology,” which began in the1990s. The author argues that modern attempts to redefine philology often copy the traditional historiographical narrative, in which material is subordinated (selected andorganized) to metaphors of “development,” “decline,” “fall” or “end.” As a result of suchan approach, scholars overlook the context of different philological traditions and heterogenous utterances concerning philology, diverging from the canonized narrative. Following these remarks, the author proposes an alternative model of writing (about) the history ofphilology, whose key aspect is placing different definitions of philology and philological practices in the precise cultural milieu of time and space.

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Praktykowanie filologii, wytwarzanie obecności: w stronę materialistycznego odzyskiwania humanistyki

Author(s): Jakub Skurtys / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the presented paper the author attempts to examine the philosophical concepts of Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht and portrays them as useful for a new model of the humanities. The author analyzes some of Gumbrecht’s writings on the condition and future of the philological disciplines. Moreover, he argues that the separation and dismissal of the elitist overtonesof Gumbrecht’s thought from the core of his ideas about the “production of presence,”“reading for moods” and “powers of philology” is crucial if one is looking for an answer to the question about what chances for philology brings the epistemological approach based on the metaphysics of presence, which reclaims the eventness of the aesthetic experience.

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Interpretować świat czy go zmieniać? O możliwych pożytkach z filologii dla życia

Author(s): Katarzyna Szkaradnik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Among the main dilemmas concerning the humanities, especially philology, there is alsothe choice between its autotelic value and social investment. The next issue is the primacyof either reading or theory, which sometimes treats literature instrumentally, focused onits own unmasking and emancipatory mission. In the present article, some controversiesrelated to the political aspects of being a philologist, usually contrasted with its supposedneutrality, are considered. The authoress emphasizes the inevitable position of the scholar,that is, adopting a definite perspective toward texts, which, however, he or she can andshould transcend. Referring interalia to the hermeneutical conceptions of Gadamerand Marquard, she points to the social – both critical and constructive – potential of reading and interpretation. In that project, which aims to reconcile the alteration of the world with its protection, philologists are entrusted with a particularly responsible task.

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Filologia–ekologia. Linie połączeń

Author(s): Jarosław Woźniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is to find connections between two disciplines crucial for ecocriticism,i.e. between philology and ecology. The author of the paper analyzes the transformationof ecocriticism’s attitude towards broadly defi ned philology. It is argued that thoughphilology, understood as a discipline focused on language and text, was marginalized duringthe early phases of ecocriticism, it has recently been revalued as the trend’s philosophical background which determines the ecocritical view on the extratextual world and environment. What is more, the philological practice – broadly defined as work with/focus on atext and the practice of reading – is considered to be the ecological practice. The authorfurther argues that another issue which enables one to combine philology with ecologyis the notion of awareness, which is a key concept for American transcendentalists and, as a consequence, Anglo-American ecocriticism, as well as for philology, which is hereperceived, with reference to Friedrich Nietzsche, as the philology of the world (and notas the philology of the book).

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Problemy filologiczne w historii wiedzy (o literaturze)

Author(s): Maciej Adamski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In this paper the author tries to point to how to make use of the history of problems (Problemsgeschichte) in philology and the history of criticism. The concept of the historyof problems (and the related fields: history of ideas and history of concepts) is depictedin the first part of the paper; polemical views are briefly discussed as well. Attempts atapplying the history of problems in the fields of literary criticism are reviewed aft erwards. On the basis of Barbara Skarga’s and Marco Sgarbi’s ideas, in the second part of the paperthe structure of the philological problem is analyzed.

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Ryszarda Nycza język modernizmu

Author(s): Artur Hellich / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to present the language style of Ryszard Nycz’s work with particular emphasis on the metaphors he uses (and their literary genesis) as well as his attempt toconstruct an academic dissertation from numerous quotes, intertext allusions and elementsof other discourses (which is here referred to as a from of literary criticism collage). The author puts forward the thesis that the procedure of blurring the boundaries between literary criticism and literature, which leads to the legitimization of poetic, essayistic andliterary expressions as scientific terms, follows the tradition of the academic writing of the Polish school of the theory of literary communication and – when considered asa literary practice – has modernist roots. At the end of the article, the author generalizeshis conclusions and addresses one of the problems in contemporary humanities, which is the relation of the language of literary criticism (in particular the theoretical terms) to the reality perceived as being fluid and non-substantial.

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Charyzmatyczna odnowa humanistyki

Author(s): Jan Potkański / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article reconstructs the “New Humanities”, animated by Ryszard Nycz, as a quasi-cultformation. It is argued that the formation applies in practice the principles of post-secularism, openly declared by some of its members, in particular Agata Bielik-Robson and Adam Lipszyc. It is thus a “congregation” in the sense proposed by Hegelian philosophyof religion. The synthesis of studies on memory and affects, characteristic of the New Humanities, refers, in this perspective, to the synthesis of the doctrinal imagery (myth) and the emotionally experienced cult, as described by Hegel. The second, more speculative part of the article seeks to redefine the concepts of heresy, atheism, science and law in the context of the “orthodoxy” of the New Humanities.

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W trzecim języku liczby pojedynczej. Agaty Bielik-Robson i Adama Lipszyca mesjańskie filozofie filologii

Author(s): Antoni Zając / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article aims to provide a preliminary presentation of the idiosyncratic philological-philosophical idioms of two thinkers: Agata Bielik-Robson and Adam Lipszyc. The author presents their concepts on the grounds of post-secular thought; he also suggests that we see Bielik-Robson’s and Lipszyc’s writings as examples of the so-called “messianic philosophy of philology,” which is based on the notion of literature as the ultimate space for negotiations between theological and secular languages in modernity. Drawing on deconstruction, the messianic philosophy of philology develops a set of micrological interpretational tools, which enable an approach to reading literary text that is sensitive towards the presence of transcendental traces in immanent discourses. This hermeneutical procedure is founded on the “messianic idea” – according to that concept, the linguistic gestures of a singular subject are inspired by hope for a new, just language that is to come, as well as hope for the arrival of a revitalized, redeemed world.

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Praktyki „mniejszościowej” historii literatury w Żmucie Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza

Author(s): Zbigniew Jazienicki / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is an attempt at applying the concept of minor literature, borrowed from thejoint works of Deleuze and Guattari, to read Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz’s Żmut. The starting point is the question of whether speaking up by the essayist for a repressed history of Polish romanticism and the over looked actresses of the biography of Mickiewicz qualifies as an attempt to write a “minor” history. However, the purpose of the article is a reflection on the analytical utility of the notion of “minor literature” and the risks (alsopolitical ones) inherent in philological practice based on this notion.

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Dyskusja o książce Literatura w warszawskiej prasie kulturalnej pogranicza oświecenia i romantyzmu

Author(s): Zbigniew Jazienicki,Jan Potkański,Tomasz Jędrzejewski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The participants of the discussion, including the author of the monograph in question, are reconstructing the categorical logic of the book, which is not fully revealed in the text. They argue about the relation between conciliatory monism and confrontational dualismas an attitude of the description of the literary field and also about the relation between continuances and interruptions in the historical-literary process. Their debate forms the basis for raising questions of transcendental nature, firstly, about the development of the literary historian’s subjectivity in the relation to his or her predecessors, secondly,about his or her attitude to what is being studied and to the receivers of the discourse of literary history, thirdly, last but not least, about the relation between literary studies and its methodology to philosophy. At the end of the discussion remarks on the immanent politicalness of the history of literature are formulated.

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„Zwrot archiwalny” w literaturoznawstwie polskim – teoria, praktyka, perspektywy

Author(s): Helena Markowska-Fulara / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the last few decades the turns in humanities were announced so often that Danuta Ulicka, while presenting her project of literary studies, uses the phrase “archival turn” some what ironically and distances herself from the will to establish a new methodology. However, the fact is that the commentaries to her proposition picked up the new name and completed the act of creation of the new methodological perspective. The paper attempts to answer the question of how to understand the “archival” practice of the literary scholar. It is considered in the context of – firstly – different meanings of the term “archives” in the Polish and international discourse and – secondly – of those practices of Polish literary studies which can be recognized as the realization of concepts marked by the “archival turn.” As a consequence, three main forms of reflection developed within the frame work of the analyzed methodological approach are indicated: theoretical diagnosis regarding theidea of “archives,” studies concentrated on archives as an institution and projects beginning with archival research and culminating with the “revealing” of the document. The analysisof Ulicka’s proposition and related opinions also enables the author to characterize thespecific philosophy of philology which accompanies the turn towards the archives.

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Miejsce filologii w czytaniu poezji cybernetycznej na przykładzie recepcji twórczości Łukasza Podgórniego

Author(s): Paulina Chorzewska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper considers the problem of the reception of Łukasz Podgórni’s poetic work in the field of university and literary criticism in the context of philological practice and literary reflection. Strategies for the description of digital and analog cybernetic poetry are highlighted. The article notices the problem of the risk of cybertext rejection andavoiding the code layer, as defined by Espen J. Aarseth. Further, the poetic digital generator of Podgórni – PLR Generatywna historia Polski pisana Comic Sansem – is analyzed. The author attempts to comment on all the layers of cybertext and on the contexts related tothe history and culture of new media.

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Filologia filmoznawstwa Karola Irzykowskiego

Author(s): Sylwia Borowska-Kazimiruk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article presents Karol Irzykowski’s ideas about film art as an original proposition of both philological and visual analysis of a new cultural phenomenon. Irzykowski was one of the Polish theoreticians who appreciated this new position of the individual wholost his or her strong beliefs in empirical capabilities of cognition and, therefore, the belief in the abilities of language which transformed into the crisis of realism’s ocular-centricmanner of description. The Tenth Muse is an original, innovative proposal of overcoming such a crisis of human perception. Irzykowski claimed, in opposition to the Bergsonian mechanism of cinematographic perception, that observation is a means of constructive cultural expression of an individual whose unstable existential position may be understood as a chance for establishing a new dynamic, a new cultural environment. An imagebe comes a never-ending impulse to overcome static forms of art, social schemes and perceptual staleness. Irzykowski mobilized his philosophical theories of seeing and his own ideas on literature’s mechanism of metaphor and combined them in his complex film theory framework, where the metaphor – both filmic and literary – gives an opportunity for breaking through a series of static linguistic and visual representations and reaching moments of true sense of one’s existential condition. In the article, this theoretical approach is presented in the light of the debate about therole of philology and its position in contemporary literary practices after the “audiovisualturn,” which has established new, complex relations between the individual, one’s text andperceived object/image.

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Literaturoznawca? Językoznawca? Niefilolog? O tożsamości dzisiejszego filologa – pytania i wątpliwości

Author(s): Ewelina Woźniak-Wrzesińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the text, I consider the problem of the status of the Polish philologist. I am interested in issues related to the identity of the philologist (understood as the place where thoughts come from). In the introduction I present the older meanings of the terms philology and philologist. By the way, I reconstruct old assessment practices of philological attitudes. A comparison of different models of recognition of the rank of the philologist encourages further consideration. In the central part of the article, I wonder what the meaning of beinga philologist is today. I ask how (on the basis of what methods and approaches) a philologistis to be recognized. In this way, I distinguish between philological specialities (linguisticand literary) and look at what connects them and what divides them – in particular in theaspect of scientific conduct. It’s obvious that both literature experts and linguists deal with the word, while the way of handling it will be different. It should, therefore, be asked – are we currently referring to the identity or the different identities of the philologist?

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Autorytet profesora. Henryk Struve i jego uczniowie w świetle korespondencji

Author(s): Damian Włodzimierz Makuch / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the relations between Henryk Struve and his disciples in the light of their largely unpublished correspondence. Among the participants of the lectures and seminars of this Warsaw academic, we find important figures belonging to several generations of Polish intelligentsia: Stanisław Brzozowski, Bronisław Chlebowski, Piotr Chmielowski, Ignacy Chrzanowski, Bronisław Grabowski, Antoni Lange or Zenon Przesmycki as well as less known persons such as Władysław Borowski, Wacław Chrzanowski and Gerard Uziebło. Bolesław Prus, Kazimierz Twardowski and Jerzy Żuławski can be also considered Struve’s disciples in view of their correspondence. The letters also demonstrate the relations that could be established between an academic and his students and, at the same time, testify what the authority of the Main School and the Imperial University of Warsaw professor meant and how it was maintained in the Polish society of the second half of the nineteenth century.

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Językoznawstwo w Szkole Głównej

Author(s): Magdalena Derwojedowa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper outlines the short history of the Department of Philology and Humanities in the Main School in Warsaw. Despite ambitious principles, unsurmountable difficulties that organizers of the department encountered shaped actual courses. The paper also presents an outline of the curricula. Several professors who offered more advanced or just better-prepared courses are named, as well as the most eminent alumni who continued their academic career in linguistics, among them J.N. Baudouin de Courtenay and A.A. Kryński, who both were professors of the University of Warsaw at the time, and L. Malinowski, professor of Jagiellonian University.

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Szkoła Główna na łamach „Przegladu Tygodniowego”: 1866–1869

Author(s): Anna Janicka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The autor discusses the influence of the Main School on the milieu of “Przeglad Tygodniowy”, a progressive journal of Warsaw positivistic intelligentsia. When the journal was established, nearly all its journalists and editors came from the intellectual circle of the Main School. The author describes how the lectures and scientific, and popularising activities of the Main School academics were reported in the journal from 1866 to 1869. On the one hand, the publicists of “Przegląd Tygodniowy” affirm all actions which are meant to advance the level of education and social knowledge. On the other hand, they are critical of the way academics convey knowledge – they see it as superficial, languid and often not adequate for modern, progressive times. As the autor emphasises, the first three years generate the most interest in the Main School’s activity; when the Russian authorities close the School in 1869, the interest wanes, even though the Main School experience remains the fundamental determiner of generation identity.

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Wydział Filologiczno-Historyczny Szkoły Głównej na kartach „Biblioteki Warszawskiej” (1862–1869)

Author(s): Marta M. Kacprzak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents the relations between the scientific and literary periodical „Biblioteka Warszawska” (”Warsaw Library”) and the Faculty of Philology and History of the Main School in Warsaw (1862–1869). The study shows what kind of information regarding researching, teaching and educational activities of the university was presented in the periodical and how the information was presented. The article recalls the general purposes of the journal and the university concerning Polish culture, education and science.

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Duch Szkoły Głównej, gdy Szkoły jeszcze nie było

Author(s): Ewa Ihnatowicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

It was widely considered that between the closure of the Royal University of Warsaw and the opening of the Main School, the Russian partition was under intellectual and scientific marasmus. Nevertheless, the pharmaceutical community was convinced that the seventeen-year existence of the Pharmaceutical School allowed to preserve the academic continuity of Polish pharmacy. The expression of strong intellectual awareness of pharmacists was their professional innovation as well as scientific, social and patriotic activities in the Warsaw Pharmaceutical Society. Pharmacists regarded the Pharmaceutical School as a spiritual and scientific predecessor of the Main School. Henryk Klawe was a graduate of the Pharmaceutical School, an outstanding Warsaw pharmaceutical entrepreneur and co-founder of the Warsaw Pharmaceutical Society. He co-created the circle of the Main School.

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