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Das schlesische Aschenputtel als Romanfigur...: ein Beitrag zu einer deutsch-polnischen „Doppelbiographie“

Author(s): Nina Nowara-Matusik / Language(s): German Issue: 22/2022

The subject of this article is the Polish-German “double biography” of Countess Joanna von Schaffgotsch as portrayed in the novel Zink wird Gold by Georg Zivier and Hans Nowak and in Gustaw Morcinek’s Pokład Joanny. The comparative analysis focuses on the dominant narrative threads and the approaches to represent this historical figure, with the portrayal of the countess as the “Silesian Cinderella” existing as a point of reference in the public consciousness. The analyses conducted in this context lead to the conclusion that Nowak/Zivier’s biography of the countess generally corresponds to historical truth and is realistic in this sense, while the ideological aspect dominates in Morcinek’s narration. The two ‘biographies’ do not take into account the regional specificity of the Countess figure.

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Ojczyzna – obczyzna. Stanisław Przybyszewski o swej niemieckiej przeszłości... w kręgu berlińskiej bohemy

Author(s): Katarzyna Badowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

This article explores the Berlin period in the life and work of Stanisław Przybyszewski (1889–1898), one of the most famous writers of Young Poland, particularly focusing on why Przybyszewski – a writer debuting works in German and considered by scholars a Polish-German writer – came to increasingly depreciate his participation in the literature of his Western neighbors. In his memoirs, published before his death, he categorically stated: „I owe German literature – absolutely nothing”. In this essay, the researcher examines the circumstances in which Przybyszewski shone as a writer in the Berlin bohemian circle. Next, she shows how he discredited the entire cultural life of Jung-Deutschland, and renounced his artistic ties established in Germany. Finally, she speculates on why Przybyszewski created an unfavorable image of the German community at the end of the 19th century, and indicates that this process went hand in hand with the self-creation of a Polish writer.

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Karla Dedeciusa portret podwójny... O tłumaczu poezji polskiej i autorze refleksji o literaturze

Author(s): Danuta Łazarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

The aim of this article is to portray Karl Dedecius, a translator of Polish poetry and author of reflections on literature. The picture of the connoisseur and lover of Polish works is accompanied by parallel reflections on Dedecius as a person, his double biography, the role he played in dealing with the works of Polish writers as well as the influence of literature on him. The reflections are based, among other things, on the research into Dedecius’ essays, lectures, his autobiography and his correspondence with Tadeusz Różewicz. The proposed considerations and the types of documents mentioned – which contain a wealth of information about the translator’s private life, e.g. his preferred values, hi views on interpersonal relations, and his professional life, e.g. his passion for translating literature, its influence on building positive relations between nations – are related to selected elements of the theory and methodology of biographical research.

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„Utopkowa” tożsamość w niemieckojęzycznej powieści Leszka Libery

Author(s): Agnieszka Miernik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

This article reflects on the universal values of Leszek Libera’s novel Utopek, on what always remains “unspeakable” in Silesian issues, and on the internal life of the personal (author’s) and collective memory of Silesian generations. The author deals, in an original and profound way, with the problems that are still traumatic for many people in Upper Silesia. The complex Polish-German biographies of the inhabitants of the Silesian lands include the fate of the author and his family, contributing to the collective memory of a difficult past. Written in exile, the German-language work was highly praised by native critics, who stressed that the novel could rival the great classics. The emigrants outlook allowed for a distanced and multi-perspective view of history that cannot be discussed in rigid paradigms. The specificity, complexity and indeterminacy of Silesian identity are expressed in the novel through the figure of the Utopling, a fictional being who does not fit into the world in which he lives, who perceives the absurdities of reality and longs to return to his native utopia. The figure of the Utopling embraces the extremes and opposites inherent in the Silesian landscape. The character is at once hypersensitive and cruel, native and universal, local and a stranger, outgoing and claustrophobic, likeable and repulsive.

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Schwarze Katze – podwójna biografia Karin Wolff w świetle badań nad tłumaczką

Author(s): Karolina Kamińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

The aim of the above article is to reconstruct the biography of Karin Wolff, a distinguished translator of Polish literature in Germany (more than 90 translations), who was active in the opposition in the GDR and the Polish People’s Republic. The author presents Wolff’s activities to popularize Polish culture (including the organization of a Polish literate salon in Frankfurt/Oder), her contacts with Polish poets (e.g. Jan Twardowski, Jerzy Ficowski) and her numerous publishing initiatives.

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Romantyzm krańców Europy. Portugalia, Polska i Chrystus narodów

Author(s): Ewa Łukaszyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

This article tentatively provides acomparative outlook on Polish and Portuguese Romanticism. Taking as a starting point the famous parallel between the opposite ends of Europe sketched by the 19th-century historian Joachim Lelewel, the author claims that Polish and Portuguese literature, although they had almost no direct contact with each other, participated in the same system of cultural coordinates established by European Romanticism. At the same time, both nations had some sort of dispute or clash with Europe, developing syndromes of inferiority, as well as megalomaniac visions of their moral superiority. Almeida Garrett and Alexandre Herculano tried to provide a solution, harmonising their country with its European context. The conclusion accentuates the uttermost victory of this harmonising vision, presenting the contemporary Portuguese culture as fully Europeanised and contrasting it with the doubts concerning European identity that may be observed in contemporary Poland.

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„Polska Południa”? Wizerunek Portugalii… w Czterech powstaniach Karola Hoffmana

Author(s): Magdalena Bąk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

The aim of this article is to analyse the image of Portugal as presented by Karol Hoffman in his book Cztery powstania czyli krótki wykład sposobów jakimi dobijały się o niepodległość Grecja, Holandia, Portugalia i Polska [Four insurrections that is how Greece, Holland, Portugal, and Poland were fighting for their independence] (1837). Hoffman creates an analogy between the situation of Poland in the partition era and the situation of Portugal when it was united with Spain under the Iberian Union (1580–1640). Comparing Polish efforts with the efforts of the representatives of other European nations,Hoffman tries to revealthe causes ofthe defeat of Poles. However, he has also managed to create an interesting image of the Portuguese that influenced the way the Polish readers regarded this nation in the 19th century.

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Korrida i karliści. Wspomnienia Piotra Falkenhagena-Zaleskiego… z podroży do Hiszpanii (1843)

Author(s): Adam Kucharski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

Among the accounts of travels in Spain in the 1st half of the 19th century, there is a rather unknown memoir of Piotr Falkenhagen-Zaleski, written on the basis of his 1843 experiences. This exceptionally capable and flexible emigrant began his career in international trade, having successfully tried his hand at journalism and politics in the past. He became an employee at the Henry Hall department store in London, and then opened his own company of the same sort, establishing contacts in many European countries. The travel to Spain aimed at securing another contract. It appears that he did not achieve this goal. On the other hand, the stay behind the Pyrenees, mainly in Barcelona and Madrid, and the very travel from France to Spain allowed the Polish traveller to become familiar with two elements of the Spanish (political and cultural) reality through an incident with the Carlists and the corrida spectacle. He put those experiences in an interesting, although brief report from Spain.

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Historyk w podróży, czyli Adolfa Pawińskiego wędrówki po Półwyspie Iberyjskim… (Hiszpania. Listy z podróży)

Author(s): Maria Jolanta Olszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

Spain: Adolf Pawiński’s letters from his travels in Spain was written in 1880. We are not dealing with a perieghesis in the nature of a scientific report or a sightseeing guide, but with a collection of texts written with the Polish reader in mind. The correspondence was to be published in the Warsaw press. This explains the volume’s character, content, and form. Pawiński wanted to give a complete picture of Spain, which he visited primarily as a historian, archivist, and tourist. Knowledge of the Spanish language allowed him to get closer to the Spanish world and understand it better. The description of the country is picturesque and, at the same time, historical. In Pawiński’s view, Spain is an “agglomerate”. The image of Spain is multi-faceted, based on knowledge and expressing his fascination with writing

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António Feijó i Leopold Staff – poetyckie wizje Orientu… na tle polsko-portugalskich relacji literackich i kulturalnych (od parnasizmu do palimpsestu)

Author(s): Anna Kalewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

The article aims to discuss the Chinese culture inspirations in Polish and Portuguese modernist poetry. In the context of Polish-Portuguese literary relationships, late Romantic, Symbolic, Parnassianism-related and Oriental tendencies are presented in the works of a Portuguese poet Antón Feijó (1859–1917), with references to a selected aspect of Leopold Staff’s works (1878–1957). A historical-literary analysis is accompanied by literary and cultural comparative studies. Within the comparative method of presenting the Parnassian palimpsests, as The Chinese Lyric Book (Cancioneiro Chinês, 1890) by António Feijó and Chinese Flute (Fletnia chińska, 1922) by Leopold Staff are categorised, the thesis about the independent status of the works in question was built. Modernist visions of the Orient, understood to date a paraphrase or an adaptation of Chinese poetry read in translations from French, gain the status of original works. In view of blurring the differences between the European adaptations – Portuguese poem and Polish poetic prose, based on Oriental motifs drawn from two different French sources (translations): Judith Gautier’s and Franz Touissant’s works – and the Chinese original, the methodological approach to the text as to a palimpsest is justified. Feijó’s “Chinese Poetry” and Oriental poetic landscapes in Staff’s prose are therefore independent literary works, analysed in parallel, as mirror reflections of the fascination with the Orient’s culture. The literary works in question fully deserve the title of cultural texts, the recipient of which will be a Polish reader, a lover of poetry inspired by French Parnassianism.

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Brazylijski rejs „Lwowa” na łamach „Świata” i „Tygodnika Ilustrowanego”

Author(s): Monika Gabryś-Sławińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

The aim of this article is to compare the modelling of media and memoir coverage of the Brazilian voyage of the “Lviv” in 1923 in two popular illustrated cultural magazines of the interwar period: Świat and Tygodnik Ilustrowany. To reconstruct the forms the message, publications from the years 1922–1925 were traced, i.e., those printed before, during, and shortly after the voyage. Using the comparative method and editorial collation, B. Pawłowicz’s and T. Dębicki’s reports published in the magazines were compared with their first book editions. As a result of this contextual analysis, the author shows how the choice of the information strategy pursued by the periodical influenced the modelling of the travel message. This information strategy also determined the reduction of the components presented and led to the creation of two separate stories, bringing people closer to the reality of life in São Vicente, Portugal, or the Brazilian state.

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Córki powietrza. Sen Balladyny: Calderón spotyka Słowackiego w polu literackim…, czyli hiszpańsko-polska comedia colaborada XXI wieku

Author(s): Marta Eloy Cichocka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

Literary relations between Poland and Spain are not only the subject of some purely theoretical considerations of this essay, but also a space for creative practice within the literary field, in the sense proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, as a complex network of positions, relations, and rivalries between its participants, individuals, and institutions. The main subject of the article is the process of creating a Polish-Spanish dramatic collage called Daughters of the Air. Balladyna’s Dream (2019) based on Calderon’s and Słowacki’s dramas, grounded in the historical context, from the Polish-Spanish dramaturgical assumptions to the bilingual libretto of the play, which premiered first in Opole and then in Almagro. Such a process of creative rewriting of our classic literature can be compared to the forgotten comedias colaboradas, which were extremely popular in Spain during the Golden Age: those multi-author dramatic adaptations often resulted from a fruitful collaboration between two, three, or even more writers and dramaturges, which nowadays seems somehow more challenging.

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Reportaż magiczny? Uwagi o Wszystkich zajęciach Yoirysa Manuela Adama Kwaśnego

Author(s): Tomasz Pindel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2021

Wszystkie zajęcia Yoirysa Manuela [All occupations of Yoirys Manuel] by Adam Kwaśny (2017) is a collection of stories about the inhabitants of the city of Trinidad in Cuba, which can be read as an attempt to look for a new approach in the travel literature and reportage writing. By the use of the techniques typical for magical realism and non-fiction literature at the same time, the work shows the reality of the city from the perspective of its inhabitants, or more precisely: from the perspective of a narrator coming from the outside world, but sharing the beliefs and worldview of the described people.

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Potencjał błędu. Bat Country on LCD Leszka Onaka w mash -upowym dialogu z Trenem I Jana Kochanowskiego

Author(s): Bogusława Bodzioch-Bryła,Dariusz Rott / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2020

The text focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the poem 'Bat Country on LCD' by Leszek Onak, which is a new media, subversive processing of 'Lament 1' - one of the threnodies by Jan Kochanowski, the work which is well-established in the literary tradition. Due to the processes mentioned above, Kochanowski’s poem has been subject to a rapid and radical generative transformation. The authors emphasise that the work of Onak differs significantly from the previous artistic acts of Kochanowski’s followers because Onak grounds his creative strategy in the references to the sphere of new technologies, hybridisation processes, the programming language and, first of all, he uses the subversive remix and mash-up strategies, which results in a radical change of both, the situation of artistic communication and the reception behaviours.

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Miejsce tradycji. Refleksja autobiograficzna Wilhelminy Zyndram -Kościałkowskiej

Author(s): Dawid Maria Osiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2020

The paper is an attempt at showing - through the prism of autobiographical reflection - the location of tradition, as understood by Wilhelmina Zyndram-Kościałkowska (1844-1926), a translator, writer and literary critic. The notion of location is understood by the author as a particular, restricted, time-spatial reservoir of meanings, perceived in a broader perspective, that is as a component of a larger whole. The location of tradition is a segment and stage concerning a problem residuum of meanings in culture and history, as well as in the history of thought, which has been located in the space of individual biography of Kościałkowska, constructed with an old hand of the writer and placed as a component of diagnoses in her contemporaneity. The research material includes manuscripts (notebooks with memories and other types of autobiographical archives), deposited in the Lithuanian State Historical Archives in Vilnius (Lietuvos Valstybės Istorijos Archyvas). The author shows various ways of conducting dialogue by the critic with the old tradition (history, politics, culture, portraits of people, literature, art, family history) and the meaning of the location of tradition in the process of recording oneself and one’s contemporaneity by Kościałkowska.

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Odczyty publiczne Stanisława Tarnowskiego

Author(s): Tadeusz Budrewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2019

The article discusses popular lectures that Stanisław Tarnowski gave in Krakow, Lviv, Poznań and Warsaw in the years 1870–1901. Tarnowski gave many lectures in 1876–1896. He was a capable orator, crowds came to his lectures. Thanks to Tarnowski, the organizers of the lectures had large profits, which they allocated for charity and education. The subject of the readings was most often the literature of Romanticism and the Renaissance. Tarnowski used the readings to present views of the conservative orientation he represented. The ideological competitors - Democrats - agreed with the speaker on many issues regarding the methods of researching literature and its connections with the social and political life of the nation. Bottom line: Popular readings were a form of knowledge dissemination and civic deed in the second half of the 19th century.

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Stanisław Tarnowski jako badacz dziejów myśli politycznej

Author(s): Krzysztof Koehler / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2019

The author tries to describe in the article the research method of Stanisław Tarnowski presented in his fundamental dissertation: Studies to the History of Polish Literature. Political writers of the 16th century. The work was published in 1886 and it contained strong references to the current research methodologies. As it turns out, Tarnowski opposes contemporary „scientism” (or, after MacIntyre, „encyclopedism”). He emphasizes his emotional approach, pointing to a strongly utilitarian understanding of reading passion. The category of „who harmed and who did not harm” Poland is at the same time an absolutely individual research perspective, which should perhaps be included in the romantic convention of historical literary research. The author points out that although this research perspective is very anachronistic today, it brings unexpected and very interesting readings of political texts from the 16th century, thanks to which Tarnowski’s fundamental work still has great cognitive potential.

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Perspektywa aksjologiczna w Wypisach polskich Stanisława Tarnowskiego i Franciszka Próchnickiego

Author(s): Małgorzata Gajak-Toczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2019

The purpose of the article is to present the world of values inscribed in Polish Extracts for the classes of lower secondary and real schools by Stanisław Tarnowski and Franciszek Próchnicki. After discussing the structure of the school textbook, there were presented ways of creating of the autors’ biographies with the presentation of their didactic message. Then attention was focused on the characteristics of the writers by Tarnowski. The statement ends with considerations that are the answer to the question to what extent the comments of the Krakow professor in Extracts… met the assumptions of such publications.

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Wokół lwowskiej edycji Pokoju na poddaszu… Wandy Wasilewskiej (1940)

Author(s): Krzysztof Woźniakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2018

The article revolves around the reedition of a youth novel A Room in the Attic (Pokój na poddaszu, 1939) by Wanda Wasilewska, published under the Soviet occupation of Lviv by the Kiev-Lviv National Minorities State Publishing USSR in 1940. It attempts to place it on the background of the entirety of the modest release production of this publishing house in the area of belles-lettres in the years 1940–1941 (among 181 published books only 26 literary positions, including only 7 from Polish literature), pointing most of all to the changes made by the Soviet censorship in regards to the pre-war original (especially the elimination of all mentions of Poland and liberation fights, pejorative descriptions of Russian people in the context of the remembering of 1905 revolution, mentions of religion, the words “pan” and “pani” (lord and lady), and – by adding a few sentences not present in the original – bolstering the “class” context of the text and changing the expression of the ending from moderately optimistic to pessimistic). The post-war reeditions of the novel by Wasilewska in PPR (from 1946–1988) restored the pre-war integral version of the text, rendering the cut-down and changed Lviv version invalid, and making it a documentation of its times.

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Skandynawska powieść detektywistyczna dla dzieci i młodzieży… w polskiej przestrzeni medialnej

Author(s): Michał Rogoż / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2018

The worldwide trend for the Scandinavian criminal novels lasting for many years until today has marked itself even more visibly in the first decade of the 21st century, among others after the success of the “Millenium” by Stieg Larsson. An interesting phenomenon in the modern Polish publishing market can be seen in the growing popularity of the detective novels for children and youth arriving from that cultural area. It is worth noticing that this type of literature has a grounded tradition – the classics of the genre include e.g. the novel by Astrid Lindgren about Bill Bergson or Åke Holmberg’s saga about detective Sventon. It is often the case that authors of crime fiction writing for an adult recipient devote a part of their output to young readers. A characteristic symptom of interest in this type of literature in our country can be found in the growing presence of various mentions about it in Polish media space. The considered novels are usually based on a simple puzzle plot, captivating the audience with their humour and a graceful connection of educational values, psychological observations and sensation. Children crime fiction are right now considered most often as popular page-turners, which can turn out to be helpful in raising and solidifying the interest in individual reading, although their cultural potential seems to be much bigger.

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