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4.50 €

La Plume et le Compas: notes sur la franc-maçonnerie dans les lettres québécoises

Author(s): Bernard Andrès / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

What can be said about the links between the first Quebec writers of the 18th-19th centuries and the secret or discreet societies of freemasonry, devoted to philosophical reflection or philanthropic action? As early as the end of the 18th century,the Catholic Church in Lower Canada perceived a danger to good Canadian souls in the Enlightenment and rationalism. We examine here how the Philosophical Enlightenment and the Masonic Enlightenment nourished the first generations of French-Canadian people of letters in the years 1760-1780, then in Lower Canada (1791-1841) and up to Confederation.

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Territoires éparpillés – notes sur la littérature québécoise actuelle

Author(s): Pierre Nepveu / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This short study dealing with the geography of Quebec contemporary literature is inspired by Józef Kwaterko’s major essay, Le roman Québécois et ses (inter)discours, in which he stresses the fact that the nomadic dimension, both spatial and temporal, of Quebec contemporary fiction undermines the traditional notion of identity. The present article examines a paradox: although the Quebec geography or territory is often seen as rather unknown and even disliked by its inhabitant, there is a very dynamic and rich presence of geography in Quebec contemporary poetry and novels. This strong presence of geography is different both from the traditional “terroir”, a rather pastoral and conservative vision of Quebec’s landscape, and from the revendication of “le pays” (the land) which culminated in the 1960s and was linked to the affirmation of Québécois identity. There is a new vision of the land: often peripheric, always unstable and pluralistic, linked at times to indigenous identity (among Innu poets for example) and more generally situated away from the valley of the St-Lawrence river, the traditional area of the first French settlements and of French-Canadian culture. In that sense, Quebec’s contemporary literature sees the territory as a kind of archipelago, in which there is a constant mobility of the imagination, redefining genealogies, cultural references and identity itself.

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Ralentir le rythme de la vie moderne – Jacques Poulin, un écrivain québécois postmoderne, marginal et alternatif

Author(s): Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This contribution treats the novels of the Quebec writer Jacques Poulin (born in 1937) from a twofold perspective: pointing out in the first part the main characteristics of Poulin’s biography and literary work, it then focuses on the central importance of reading, writing and, more extensively, of the book culture in his novels. The perception of reading and writing, in novels like Les Yeux bleus de Mistassini (2002, My Sister’s Blue Eyes) is characterized first by the valorization of intense and repetitive reading, second by a specific literary canon where US American and Canadian authors like Hemingway and Gabielle Roy play an important role, and third the therapeutic role of reading and the important role of literature for the human existence. Poulin’s work can be thus considered as a radical counterpoint to the evolution of contemporary societies and cultures characterized by the technological turn to visual life and digitalised media, but also by a rapidly accelerated rhythm of life and communication.

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Mythes et paraboles dans les romans de Christian Guay-Poliquin

Author(s): Petr Kyloušek / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The dystopian diptych constituted by two Christian Guay-Poliquin’s novels, Le fil des kilomètres (2013) and Le Poids de la neige (2016), features an apocalyptic narrative by highlighting two models: the road novel in the first volume and the novel of the soil in the second. This contrasting arrangement is crossed by four shared mythemes: the myths of Labyrinth and of Icarus and the parables of the Prodigal Son and of the Good Samaritan. The analysis focuses on the contribution of those hypotexts to the transformation of dystopian narratives into liberating ones in the sense of the Christian tradition of French-Canadian and Quebec literature.

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Des fantômes de Duvalier à Montréal. La (post)mémoire empêchée dans L’Écho de leurs voix de Jan J. Dominique

Author(s): Piotr Sadkowski / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Born in 1953 in Port-au-Prince, living in Montreal, Jan J. Dominique in her writings focuses on Haitians who inherit the trauma of the victims of dictatorship. This article concerns her 2016 novel L’Écho de leurs voix. It explores the life of a twenty year old girl struggling with the difficult family history and the guilt inherited from her grandmother, who worked for the criminal regime and was responsible for brutal persecutions herself. The action of the novel is set among Haitians in Montreal, among descendants of victims and perpetrators. Illustrating transgenerational trauma, Jan J. Dominique uses metaphors borrowed from Haitian voodoo. Th e traditional motif of possession by loa renders the spectral presence of past traumatic experiences, which have not been subjected to memory work and mourning. The article engages with the moral and psychological problems represented in the novel by referring to the concepts of Paul Ricoeur (memory and guilt), Marianne Hirsch (postmemory) and Nicolas Abraham (phantom).

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Le texte littéraire

Author(s): Réal Ouellet / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

From the point of view of a theoretician, literature evokes a certain social and psychological reality that is prefigured in other representations of the world as well. But unlike history and sociology, for example, it has no pretentions of representing an objective or even external reality, but rather it plays on words as it will with its manipulation of verbal matter, like a sculptor with wood or stone. In the light of this, a text is literary when its prevalent aspect lies in its making the use of language evident and no longer in its message.

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Pour une approche relationnelle des littératures en français au pluriel

Author(s): Myriam Suchet / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Following Kwaterko’s lead to perpetually renew our mental soft ware thanks to the reading of literary texts, I suggest to dive into works that shake the very notion of “Francophone Literature”. Masterpieces by authors such as Nicole Brossard, Régine Robin, Fermaille, La Filée, Henri Lopès, or Khatibi tend to challenge the very notion of “the language” as well as established identities. Such a questioning will lead to the sketching of a rather heterodox approach that can be altogether considered heterolingual, undisciplined and relational.

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Cultural Maroonage: Transgressing Boundaries in Black Canadian Writings in English and French

Author(s): Anna Branach-Kallas / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The goal of this article is to examine the tactics of cultural maroonage and border crossing in selected works of four Black Canadian writers: Lawrence Hill, George Elliott Clarke, Marie-Célie Agnant and Stanley Péan. I define cultural maroonage after Joël Des Rosiers as a literary strategy which involves linguistic manipulation, a focus on the phenomena of migration, enslavement, and/or racism, and a struggle against cultural imperialism. Excess, stylistic heterogeneity, and appropriation of dominant modes of representation are the most important examples analysed in this article. My purpose is also to challenge the stereotypical separation of Black Canadian writings in English and French to illustrate the richness of Black Canada and the variety of Black Canadian cultural heritage.

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La chasse en vers

Author(s): Paul Aron / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The world of hunters is a good example of poetry produced by amateurs. The article shows the evolution of mentalities chronologically. The poem on hunting is the first of all related to the values of the nobility. When the bourgeoisie seizes it, it makes it evolve in an ironic and gastronomic way. This provokes reactions and debates, especially in the middle of the 19th century when several visions of hunting are in conflict.

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Une rencontre à Berlin

Author(s): Anna Branach-Kallas / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Developed in recognition of Professor Józef Kwaterko on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and fiftieth anniversary of his professional career, the book is a collection of articles by outstanding specialists in Francophone literature of the Americas. From Quebec, and more broadly, from Canada to the Caribbean, the texts collected in this book provide a panorama of issues, aesthetics and socio-cultural themes characteristic of American francophony. Reading these articles will allow the reader to attempt to "decipher America" and thus follow in the footsteps of Professor Józef Kwaterko, who for years has been tirelessly researching and discovering new meanings of French-speaking literature of the Americas. A handful of more personal testimonies, which complement the book, help to better understand the personality and path of the Professor, an expert in his field, but also a colleague and a friend, sensitive to cultural diversity and the variety of experiences of those close to him.

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Dire l’amitié avec Józef Kwaterko

Author(s): Yves Chemla / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Developed in recognition of Professor Józef Kwaterko on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and fiftieth anniversary of his professional career, the book is a collection of articles by outstanding specialists in Francophone literature of the Americas. From Quebec, and more broadly, from Canada to the Caribbean, the texts collected in this book provide a panorama of issues, aesthetics and socio-cultural themes characteristic of American francophony. Reading these articles will allow the reader to attempt to "decipher America" and thus follow in the footsteps of Professor Józef Kwaterko, who for years has been tirelessly researching and discovering new meanings of French-speaking literature of the Americas. A handful of more personal testimonies, which complement the book, help to better understand the personality and path of the Professor, an expert in his field, but also a colleague and a friend, sensitive to cultural diversity and the variety of experiences of those close to him.

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Ma vie de billard avec Józef

Author(s): Jean Marcel / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Developed in recognition of Professor Józef Kwaterko on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and fiftieth anniversary of his professional career, the book is a collection of articles by outstanding specialists in Francophone literature of the Americas. From Quebec, and more broadly, from Canada to the Caribbean, the texts collected in this book provide a panorama of issues, aesthetics and socio-cultural themes characteristic of American francophony. Reading these articles will allow the reader to attempt to "decipher America" and thus follow in the footsteps of Professor Józef Kwaterko, who for years has been tirelessly researching and discovering new meanings of French-speaking literature of the Americas. A handful of more personal testimonies, which complement the book, help to better understand the personality and path of the Professor, an expert in his field, but also a colleague and a friend, sensitive to cultural diversity and the variety of experiences of those close to him.

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Sortir du pays de la mort

Author(s): Régine Robin / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Developed in recognition of Professor Józef Kwaterko on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and fiftieth anniversary of his professional career, the book is a collection of articles by outstanding specialists in Francophone literature of the Americas. From Quebec, and more broadly, from Canada to the Caribbean, the texts collected in this book provide a panorama of issues, aesthetics and socio-cultural themes characteristic of American francophony. Reading these articles will allow the reader to attempt to "decipher America" and thus follow in the footsteps of Professor Józef Kwaterko, who for years has been tirelessly researching and discovering new meanings of French-speaking literature of the Americas. A handful of more personal testimonies, which complement the book, help to better understand the personality and path of the Professor, an expert in his field, but also a colleague and a friend, sensitive to cultural diversity and the variety of experiences of those close to him.

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Hommage à Józef Kwaterko

Author(s): Hélène Amrit,Anna Giaufret / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Developed in recognition of Professor Józef Kwaterko on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and fiftieth anniversary of his professional career, the book is a collection of articles by outstanding specialists in Francophone literature of the Americas. From Quebec, and more broadly, from Canada to the Caribbean, the texts collected in this book provide a panorama of issues, aesthetics and socio-cultural themes characteristic of American francophony. Reading these articles will allow the reader to attempt to "decipher America" and thus follow in the footsteps of Professor Józef Kwaterko, who for years has been tirelessly researching and discovering new meanings of French-speaking literature of the Americas. A handful of more personal testimonies, which complement the book, help to better understand the personality and path of the Professor, an expert in his field, but also a colleague and a friend, sensitive to cultural diversity and the variety of experiences of those close to him.

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Entre discours littéraire et discours scientifique – un dilemme de l’auteur d’un récit de voyage: Les Observations de Pierre Belon du Mans

Author(s): Dorota Szeliga / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The present paper focuses on relationships and tensions between literary and scientific discourses in the following editions of Oriental travel accounts by Pierre Belon du Mans. This French traveller, naturalist and doctor travelled across Greece, Egypt, Jerusalem and Turkey between 1546 and 1549 and, afterwards, published three volumes of Les Observations de plusieurs singularitez et choses memorables, trouvées en Grece, Asie, Judée, Egypte, Arabie, et autres pays estranges. Whereas in the first edition (1553), he put emphasis to dynamics of narration and differentiation between his own adventures and those of other travellers, in the second one (1555), he introduced some major changes, which were to underline the scientific nature of his trip. Those changes show, on one hand, the pressions the author underwent when he wanted to meet the scientific requirements of his times and, on the other hand, a kind of crisis he experienced being trapped between literary and scientific discourses and their stylistics.

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Le roman colonial: la crise de la littérature exotique et l’essor de l’ethnographie

Author(s): Małgorzata Sokołowicz / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The aim of the present paper is to show how the crisis of exotic literature, understood as the first type of literature inspired directly by colonies, contributed to the development of ethnography. The paper is divided into three parts. The first one defines exotic literature and analyses the reasons of its crisis. The second presents the main theories concerning colonial novel coming from the beginning of the 20th century; and the last part shows the example of an ethnographic discourse in one of the colonial novels praised by their theoreticians: "Derrière les vieux murs en ruines" by Aline Réveillaud de Lens (1881-1925).

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La littérature entre science et ésotérisme: Petrusmok. Mythe (1951) de Malcolm de Chazal

Author(s): Izabella Zatorska / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Révélations du Grand Océan [Revelations of the Great Ocean] by Jules Hermann (1846-1924), published posthumously in 1927 and nourishing imagination of some Mauritian writers, were inspired by the scientific theory of continental drift proposed by Alfred Wegener. Hermann imagined an Atlantis of the South, Lemuria, situated between India and Africa and submerged in the wake of a continental cataclysm. He found remnants of this drowned continent, or more precisely he found its linguistic remains, in Malagasy language, which he saw as an avatar of the Lemurian language, and its physical remains in the island of Madagascar, together with the Mascarene islands. After Robert Edward Hart (1891-1954) and his "Cycle de Pierre Flandres" (1928-1936), it was Malcolm de Chazal, a primitivist painter and (surrealist?) poet, or “total artist” (Robert Furlong), who took his inspiration from the “Lemurian myth”. Chazal’s monographer Christophe Chabbert has shown how, for Chazal, and especially in "Petrusmok. Mythe" (1951), the myth becomes inspiration to construct a cosmogony of the islands of the Indian Ocean and to show – artistically and spiritually – their autonomy.

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Histoire et littérature: position, disposition, contrefaçon

Author(s): Sylvie Triaire / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to analyse the variation of relations between history and literature in the particular case of the French historic novel of the 19th century. It focuses on some works of Vigny, Balzac, Dumas and Flaubert and shows that most of the time, relations between literature and history range, theoretically and practically, from sharing to partition; except when tension is neutralized in the context of a non-rhetorical and non-didactical literature.

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Et si la Vie de Jésus était vraiment un roman? Renan entre histoire et littérature

Author(s): Pierre-Yves Kirschleger / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Ernest Renan’s "Vie de Jésus" [Life of Jesus] was an extraordinary scandal, a literary event. The book is often compared to Victor Hugo’s "Misérables" [The Wretched], one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. Renan’s work seeks to be scientific, but it is frequently considered to be a masterpiece of literature: Renan uses (and abuses) images, poetic imagination, aesthetic reflections, sensitive handwriting… What if the "Life of Jesus" was really a novel?

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La «sociologie» balzacienne peut-elle être utile à l’analyse de la Pologne postcommuniste? L’exemple de Balzakiana de Jacek Dehnel

Author(s): Kamil Popowicz / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This paper presents a collection of short stories by Jacek Dehnel published under a title "Balzakiana", where the author attempted to depict modern Poland in the same way that Balzac depicted France of the Restoration period in "The Human Comedy". The paper raises questions if the Polish author succeeded in his task and more importantly whether such an endeavor was legitimate i.e. are there sufficient parallels between the two countries in these two very different periods of time? The answers is affirmative since striking similarities are noted between French transition from the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period to the restoration of monarchy and Polish transition from communism to democracy. The paper also cites articles from Polish press showing that this parallel has been used by other authors, notably Adam Michnik who reached similar conclusions on his own.

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