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In the report is made an attempt to connect the social identity of the individual with his professional role. In the conditions of globalization, there is a dynamic of professional roles and a frequent change of professional positions. This poses challenges for the individual to update his social identity by meeting the expectations of others arising from the exercise of a profession.
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The world is constantly changing, and the recent changes in the global marketing have had a significant impact on social protection. This paper examines the concept of social protection and its importance in the changing landscape of global marketing. The paper discusses the challenges of social protection and the impact of global marketing on social protection. The paper also explores the role of governments, international organizations, and businesses in providing social protection. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for a multi-stakeholder approach to address the challenges of social protection in the conditions of global marketing changes.
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COVID-19 has introduced many amendments to the traditional public perceptions. This reflects in a certain way on the domestic law. For the purposes of the current paper, some significant tax law issues regarding the “employer-employee” relationship will be observed. More specifically, some key concepts that are vital for the Bulgarian tax law will be analysed.
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Social entrepreneurship is the object of increased and lasting interest because it provides many opportunities to solve pressing social problems. This type of entrepreneurship combines entrepreneurial initiative, business activity and social causes. Many of the problems that social entrepreneurs try to solve are often the focus of attention of local authorities. This is the reason that makes the effective interaction between local authorities and social entrepreneurs key to the success of both social enterprises and local authorities in solving a number of social and environmental challenges, especially in crisis conditions.
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The purpose of the report is to illustrate how the level of unemployment in Bulgaria affects crime levels in the country. The impact of the attained educational level on the unemployment rate and crime rate is presented as well. The report uses empirical data from NSI (National Statistical Institute) on crime rates and unemployment rates in the country - overall and by educational level. The data are processed using the method of correlation analysis for linear dependence.
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Europe is facing a migration crisis after 2015. The next strong pressure of migrants is in 2021 after the start of the war between Russia and Ukraine. The European Union has adopted a social policy for migrants, which must be implemented by each member state. At the national level, the State must ensure the security of the population, provide suitable living conditions for migrants and gradually work for their integration. In Bulgaria, negative attitudes of the population towards migrants are observed, which contributes to the emergence of civil resentment and additional conflicts . Bulgaria is still far from the receipts for the integration of migrants into the society and social life of Bulgaria. The aim of this report is to present the impact on labor market trends, to highlight the positive and negative sides and to propose solutions. The developed policy for the integration of migrants and realization in the labor market will help to improve the perceptions of Bulgarians about migration.
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Recent data shows that in Europe the overqualification rate is 22% in 2022, on average. In some countries, such as Spain and Greece, it hits more than 30%. The high extent of education-job mismatch creates long-run problems for labor market’s sustainability and economic growth, taking into account its negative impact on individuals, wages and efficiency of public finances. Lifelong learning is one of the potential tools to tackle this problem since it equips the workforce with up-to-date knowledge and skills. With regard to that, the purpose of the present study is to find a relationship between the participation in continuing training and the rate of overeducation in the European countries. The estimation methods comprise correlation analysis and non-parametric testing. Both methods lead to similar outcomes. It appears that the more active involvement in different forms of formal and non-formal training is associated with a lower degree of overqualification of the labor force having completed upper secondary education. The study is financed by 27 the project titled Attitude of Bulgarian Entrepreneurs and Managers towards Continuing Vocational Education and Training of Organization’s Human Resources (ABECVET), contract KП-06-H65/12, Bulgarian National Science Fund (BNSF).
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Neuromanagement is a new field of management that has developed as a result of the application to human resource management of knowledge generated in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and psychology. The goal of neuromanagement is, through the study of brain activity during the course of mental processes at the moment when people are faced with an economic or managerial problem, to acquire knowledge that will help to develop and use the intellectual potential of all workers in the organization in order to achieve higher production efficiency of each worker and more effective management of the organization. There are a number of differences between classical management and neuromanagement concerning: the orientation of management functions; the principles on which the management process is based; the means of influencing the personnel; the system of motivating the personnel. The new economic reality turns intellectual capital into the most important production factor. A cluster of professional competencies was defined at the 2015 World Economic Forum in Davos that will be sought in organizations using the principles of neuromanagement. All these irreversible processes of change are also placing new demands on schools and universities, both in terms of learning technologies and in terms of the formation of new skills and competences in future professionals that are vital for the business of the future.
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New technologies bring with them new rules of communication. The essence of social networks is in mutual connection and exchange of information. Since Facebook implemented the "like" button on February 2, 2009, it has been used more than 1.3 trillion times and the number is increasing every day. Liking is an interactive communication that takes place with message, intention and action. By actively communicating with another person, by liking them, they are notified that their photo, status or post has been noticed. Liking shows the attitude of the liker towards the owner of the post. Facebook likes can be explained as the result of individuals' identification, empathy, and practicality with the content. People like other people's posts to confirm that they like something; to say something about themselves; to express virtual empathy or get something in return when the content liking audience is associated with a specific brand. It is important that liking the shared content is compelling and convinces the audience that there is a benefit (personal, intimate or business) from the author of the post. Despite the fact that liking provides information about self-disclosure and people can recognize each other, liking can also be used as a component of manipulation. In business, for example, when a partner's page is liked, while at the same time behind-the-scenes activities take place, or when likes are generated to represent the "greatness" of the product. The purpose of the author's research is to find out why other people's posts are liked in online platforms and why likes are also used for manipulation. The results of this research will certainly help to better understand human nature
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Project communications management is a series of processes required to plan, generate, collect, distribute, store, retrieve, manage, control, monitor and ultimately dispose of project information in a timely and appropriate manner. Communication is considered one of the most important skills a project manager should possess. Project managers spend almost all the time during the project communicating. Communication management is the process of overseeing information transfer in all directions (up, down, horizontal or diagonal), which can be formal or informal. The implementation of the project depends directly on the project manager and his competence in communication management. Researchers claim that "effective communication creates a bridge between the different stakeholders involved in the project, bridging different cultural and organizational environments, different levels of expertise, and different perspectives and interests in the project's implementation or outcome". Effective project communications implies that the right information is transformed to the right addressee, appearing most cost-effectively at the right time. These prerequisites are imperative for the success of the project. Effective project communications mean the execution (transmission, reception, decoding, understanding) of the necessary information. On the other hand, project communication is understood as the exchange of information with the aim of building coherence between project stakeholders. The term "project communication" refers to all aspects of communication in a project: both external and internal communication, written, oral and interpersonal, planned and unregulated.
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This paper aims to present the experience of the Department of Accounting and Analysis in connection with the creation of opportunities, organization and conduct of electronic state exams for students majoring in Accounting, Bachelor’s degree, full-time education. Electronic state exams are conducted in accordance with the widespread use of computer technology in our lives. In the last five years, the Department of Accounting and Analysis has successfully used this opportunity, achieving equalization of the individual accounting disciplines in conducting an electronic state exam, avoiding mistakes in checking the work of students. The report presents the individual stages related to the organization and conduct of an electronic state exam for the specialty „Accounting“, Bachelor’s degree, full-time form of education. The main conclusions from the electronic state exams conducted so far for the students in the specialty „Accounting“, Bachelor’s degree, regular form of education is outlined.
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The 2022 Convergence Reports from the European Commission and European Central Bank are currently the last official assessments of the preparedness of the EU Member States that are outside the euro area about their readiness to adopt the euro. In these reports only Croatia was assessed as a Member State that is ready to adopt the euro. The paper will analyse the assessment of the EU institutions on the Bulgaria readiness to adopt the euro. The initial reading of the reports may suggest that they are not too positive about Bulgaria as there are several requirements that shall be further met in the short to medium term, including in relation to the price stability and the need to further amend the legal framework. However, these reports contain also many good news for Bulgaria that will be the focus of the current research.
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Globalization has given rise to new forms of production and trade, which have found expression in the fragmentation of production processes within Global Value Chains (GVCs). The European Union is an open economy and the European single market, European GVCs oriented their investments, not only in Southeast Asia and mainly China, but they localize industries in geographically close regions, as Central and East European (CEE) countries. The EU CEE member states were bound by production and trade value chains and they became part of the international trade. Recently, the pandemic crisis related to COVID-19 changed the structure and the organization of GVCs and they followed (albeit more slowly) to strengthen the broken connections and productions. The EU faces new challenges in relation to rising inflation and rising economic and political risk factors. Questions are being asked about the future economic and political power stance in the world and how it would affect European companies and the EU‘s goals towards a digitalized and green economy.
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In the context of refugee crises, which have become the leading topic of political as well as scientific debates in past decade, the impact of migrants and asylum seekers on the labour market of the receiving country has attracted remarkable attention. Empirical research in this area indicates that migration has an insignificant effect on the change of the average wage, but it negatively affects the low-skilled labour force on the one hand and positively affects the high-skilled labour force on the other. The purpose of this article is to analyse the influx of refugees and asylum seekers to Germany with an emphasis on the genesis of the crisis in 2015-2016. We try to illustrate the integration of refugees in the local labour market. In accordance with the purpose of the paper we suggest two hypotheses reflecting refugees’ economic burden for hosted country and spatial distribution relevance for integration. To reach the purpose, we apply qualitative research methods such as semi-structured interviews. Our results suggest the limited refugees’ economic burden for German economy and significant effect of geographical allocation on integration process.
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Vocation training of managers has a positive impact on profitability, productivity, and staff retention. Moreover, it makes managers aware of the significance of learning for employees’ satisfaction and motivation. The present paper focuses on determinants of company’s investments in continuing training of managers/entrepreneurs. The empirical analysis is based on a survey of Bulgarian companies located in the southeastern and southwestern part of the country. The results highlight the role of internal environment for involvement in management training. The likelihood for training is higher for larger companies and also for those with R&D and innovations. The focus on human resources development as well as the learning-oriented culture is important. Additionally, the output implies that the lack of trainers with expertise corresponding to the specific company needs is a major determinant of underinvestments in staff training in Bulgaria. These results have practical implications for the government policy for stimulating the firm investments in lifelong learning.
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In this report, a comparison is made between the classical paradigm of welfare economics and its application in the European Union, based on the understanding of the Nobel laureate in Economic Sciences – Sir Angus Deaton. The report discusses the challenges facing the institutional establishment of the EU, positioned on the principles of federalism without the EU being a federal state. In practice, the „fiscal federalism” for building the US welfare economy is currently not possible to be implemented by and through the institutions of EU without changing the two main treaties – the Treaty on EU /TEU/ and the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU /TFEU/.
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The development of a country (economic and social) is one of the key issues in modern society. For this reason, it is an object of increased research interest - with different research goals and objectives, as well as with a different methodology used for this research. One of the categories often used in modern economic life is competitiveness. It is the focus of the present study, which has as its main objective the analysis, assessment and comparison of the competitiveness with which the Bulgarian economy functions in the context of its membership in the European Union.
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The report analyzes the structure and convergent processes of employment in the Bulgarian and Romanian economies for the period 2000-2020, and examines the dynamics of relative shares and rates of change for the respective period. In order to quantitatively measure the degree of convergence/divergence, a divergence index and a difference index were calculated, comparisons with other EU countries with similar characteristics were used, and some possible explanations and consequences of the structural changes that took place were also derived. Overall, the results show a slow process of convergence of the sectoral structure of employment of the Bulgarian and Romanian economies with that of the Eurozone, which continues throughout the period, regardless of some specifics before and after the global recession.
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The global climatic changes and the reindustrialization of the European economy in the technological XXI century construct a cause-effect chain which starts and ends with education and science: digitalization and robotization – structural economic reforms -imbalance in the labour market – professional qualification and competence – transfer of science and innovations in the applied economy – lifelong learning. The ambitious aim of the ecologically-oriented European Union is to achieve a carbonneutral economy by the year 2050. In the process of Green and Digital Transformation innovative industrial productions will be opened with the integration of digital and ecological technologies. The segments of the labour market change. The professional realization in the education, science and information and communication technologies increases, and the one in the industrial and agricultural decreases. The deficit of engineering human capital (educated and competent workforce) reaches record levels on the labour market. The focus of the study is on the education and science in the context of the Green and Digital Transformation of the European Economy. The long term aim of the research is the sustainable professional balance on the labour market. The topic concerning the European labour market is developed on the base of the modern multidisciplinary method of scientific research. The educational policies in the Victorian industrialization of the economy and the analogous present day reindustrialization are compared in the analysis and interpretation of the results of the study.
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The report "The role of the European Union as a factor in the security, stability and prosperity of the Balkan countries" presents an in-depth analysis of how the foreign policy priorities and the domestic political situation in the countries of the Western Balkans are changing through the harmonization of local legislation and policies with the aim of rapprochement and achieving of full membership in the European Union. After years of war caused by ethnic conflicts in the 1990s in Yugoslavia, to date the countries of the region have focused on covering pan-European norms and values, namely political stability, civil security and economic growth, so that one day to be able to join the big European family and take advantage of all the advantages that membership in the European Union would provide them - more security, more financial resources, more opportunities for development, etc.
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