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Rendszerkritikai útkeresés 1989 után (Antikapitalista baloldal)

Author(s): Tamás Gerőcs,András Pinkasz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 23/2018

This volume, edited by Eszmélet (Consciousness) is a collection of writings that seek to find a new role for the anti-capitalist cause in the Hungarian left since the regime change. The collection covers documents on the social and political experience of the capitalist transition, and debates amongst the contributors of the journal on that pieces of experience. The closing chapter is an evaluation of the workers’ council activity in 1956. The message of the volume can be summarized as the historical perspective of communal initiatives like the workers’ council in the revolution of 1956. The initiatives were beyond their own historical perspectives and carry more universal teachings that should be applied to the more recent crises-prone times.

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EMIGRATION FROM THE ROMANIAN VILLAGE - THE EFFECT OF THE DISORGANIZATION OF THE TRADITIONAL SCHEMES

Author(s): Maria Crăciun / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The purpose of this article is to draw an overview of a major cause, which, in our opinion, determined, at different times, the emigration processes in the Romanian villages, especially after 1989 - the disorganization of the traditional models. In this approach, we proceeded from WI Thomas's social disorganization theory, which showed that European peasants emigrated from the process of reorganizing their lives on new foundations after many of their traditions had been rejected. Thomas's thesis is of great relevance to the crisis of the Romanian village after 1989, generated by the models of social guidance that destroyed the peasants of the spiritual cadres of life without generating even economic welfare.

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Informális gazdaság, népi önszerveződés és „posztneoliberális” baloldali rezsimek Latin-Amerikában (Verónica Gago: Neoliberalism from Below)

Author(s): Ágnes Gagyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 24/2018

In Neoliberalism from Below—first published in Argentina in 2014—Verónica Gago examines how Latin American neoliberalism is propelled not just from above by international finance, corporations, and government, but also by the activities of migrant workers, vendors, sweatshop workers, and other marginalized groups. Using the massive illegal market La Salada in Buenos Aires as a point of departure, Gago shows how alternative economic practices, such as the sale of counterfeit goods produced in illegal textile factories, resist neoliberalism while simultaneously succumbing to its models of exploitative labor and production. Gago demonstrates how La Salada’s economic dynamics mirror those found throughout urban Latin America. In so doing, she provides a new theory of neoliberalism and a nuanced view of the tense mix of calculation and freedom, obedience and resistance, individualism and community, and legality and illegality that fuels the increasingly powerful popular economies of the global South’s large cities.

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МеДиалог: медиите като логос и диалог?

Author(s): Ventsislav Dimov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The introductory article of the first issue of 'Medialog' journal presents the new academic journal, part of a new media culture portal. 'Medialog' is a journey into the media worlds. 'Medialog' is an invitation to dialogue addressed to academic researchers and university lecturers, PhD students and students; to all who are curious to understand something more and different about media, communications and culture.

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Najbliższe czy wciąż „obce”? Integracja interakcyjna migrantek z Ukrainy zawierających małżeństwa mieszane w Polsce

Author(s): Anita Brzozowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

Intermarriage has been argued to be a key indicator of migrants’ integration into the host society. However, the data collected in the course of the qualitative research that includes in-depth interviews with migrants from Ukraine suggest that the relationship between intermarriage and integration of migrants is complex and multifaceted. The study presented in this article found that mixed unions do not have a uniform significance for the weakening of social boundaries as they do not necessarily serve to erode prejudices towards other groups associated with ethnic origin and nationality of potential partners.

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Всемирная паутина как инструмент преподавателя XXI века

Author(s): Denis Bukin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2019

This article describes the functionality of some online resources that enhance abilities of teacher of Russian as foreign. Attention is paid to test resources, which allow to control students knowledge.

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Is a Philosophy of Ecology possible as a Scientific Method?

Author(s): Nikolai Mihailov,Lidia Sakelarieva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The advancement of science and the change of moral norms in a market-driven society not only generate prosperity but also challenge the future of humankind. Most of the changes and problems in the environment can be foreseen if we turn to the knowledge that we acquire through ecology not only as an interdisciplinary but also as a transdisciplinary science. It is of no less important though that this knowledge should be rationalized in accordance to values and moral norms – in terms of a philosophy that explains the meaning of the technologically changing world and the consequences for the future.

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Selected national approaches for achieving global standards in public administration

Author(s): Polya Katsamunska / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

The new reality of modern world places greater pressure on governments to put in place effective programs for education and training of public administrators. Indeed, this is the way to achieve greater excellence in public administration education and training, which has a main purpose to provide public administrators with the competencies and capacities to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life. This context outlines the focus of the article to examines and provide interesting insights into various national approaches for the delivery of public administration education and training from selected countries in the Americas and Europe. These countries have been chosen basically for two reasons; first, they represent traditional practice in their regions and second, they have excellent programs in public administration education and training for which they have had no major difficulties in seeking to reach the international standards of excellence in public administration education and training.

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Future cities’ architecture, architecture for active and healthy ageing

Author(s): Mihaela Zamfir (Grigorescu),Maria MOGLAN,Dragoș Cristian Bogdan,Mihai Viorel Zamfir / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

Preamble: The worldwide trend of population ageing and in particular at European level produces paradigm shifts from which architecture is not an exception. According to UN, the percentage of older people (65+) will increase from 9% in 2019 to 16% in 2050 At the European level, the ageing trend is even more pronounced, in 2050 it is estimated that the percentage of older adults will reach 28%. This trend of demographic ageing is accompanied by the trend of urbanization.Objective: The paper investigates interdisciplinarly the way in which the architecture of the cities can intelligently support an active and healthy ageing, bringing into discussion the perspective of the age in the architecture.Preliminary studies: The paper starts from the relation of the concept of age-friendly with cities, architecture, communities, public space and is based on a critical appraisal of the literature in this research niche.Materials and Methods: The research is interdisciplinary, architecture-medicine-psychology-social gerontology-kinetotherapy, describing the aspects of ageing that architecture must take into account. Case studies are used, moving from residential to public space.Results: The present research proves the importance of the built environment both urban level and architectural object for a healthy lifestyle and a continuous participation in the city life. Models of good practice in Western Europe that provide opportunities for health, participation and security are revealed.Conclusions: The perspective of the age in architecture represents a change of paradigm essential for adapting the cities of the future. It is imperative the built environment to take into account the new age pyramid, to support the extension of active and healthy life and to contribute to the compression of morbidity. The architecture of the future’a cities should encourage active ageing, optimizing the opportunities for health, autonomy, participation and security in order to increase the quality of life and well-being.

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THE PROBLEM OF THE ‘OLD’ WORKING CLASS DEPRESSION ESPECIALLY THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE USA PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN 2016 AND 2020

Author(s): Slavejko Sasajkovski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Digital economic and overall social transformation does not shape the future in an economic-sociological/socio-economic direction and with content that contributes as an important factor for raising the level of social integration and cohesion that is social capital. In reality, the economic-sociological/socio-economic problem of the ‘old’ working class, a working class that is not optimally involved in the structures of digital technology, economy and society, is imposed as a key problem. The most provocative expression of the significance of this class, in particular the American white working class, that ‘old’ white working class, is its impact on the outcome of the presidential election in the US in November 2016. The decisive factor for Trump's victory was the acquisition of an economically-sociologically/socially-economically disadvantaged or even depressed American white working class concentrated in several major states in the US West and the Midwest, which carry a large number of electors in the electoral college. Therefore, the primary goal of potential democratic presidential candidates is to take, that is, to restore this American white working class as its electorate. То this end, ideological and political variants of the concepts of democratic socialism (exclusively Bernie Sanders) and democratic capitalism (practically all other Democratic presidential candidates) are being created.

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Европейската интеграция на Гърция (1955 - 1981 г.)

Author(s): Ani Istatkova-Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

This article studies Greek European policies and the country's strife for European integration, the negotiations and the obstacles it goes through from 1955 until the signing of the Treaty of Accession to the European Community on 28 May 1979. The role of Konstantinos Karamanlis and the geopolitical situation at the moment are identified as major factors in Greece becoming the first Balkan country to join the EU community at the very beginning of its expansion. The article also examines the attitudes of the Greek political parties and the reactions of the Greek society throughout the various stages of the European accession policies of the ruling government.

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Bevezető a Fordulat 27. számához

Author(s): Zoltán Sidó,Kristóf Nagy,Mátyás Domschitz,Márton Fabók,Sára Lafferton,Ágnes Gagyi,Virág Buka / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 27/2020

The 27th issue of the Fordulat maps the possibilities of a social-solidarity economy with a special focus on the Eastern European post-socialist conditions.

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Szolidáris gazdaság és kapitalizmus

Author(s): Ágnes Gagyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 27/2020

In face of the global economic and climate crisis, a growing consensus of green, feminist and left movements converges around the idea of a reproductive, democratic economy. This article reviews the specific new models that have gained currency in recent discussions due to support by new Western movements, and then places these models in global and Hungarian contexts. First, it shows how new streams of thinking about reproductive autonomy in economy fit into a long-term tradition of critical thought on capitalism - and particularly, the tradition of critical research and strategic organizing that conceived capitalism not only in its relation to wage labor, but in terms of long chains of accumulation that reach from wage labor to various forms of informal, free and bonded labor, and “cheap” nature. Then, the article shows how system-level contradictions between capital’s limited accommodation capacity and labor’s reproduction have played out in the long crisis of the postwar global cycle starting from the 1970’s. It shows how labor’s capacity to reproduce itself outside of capitalist relations has served both as a puffer and a resource for maintaining relations of accumulation despite a decline in accommodation capacity, and as a new ground for anti-capitalist political organizing. The last part of the article looks at Hungary. It reviews the main shifts through which reproductive labor has been incorporated into accumulation streams throughout the history of modernization, and how growing areas of informal reproductive labor have been part of the social negotiation of the global crisis since the 1970’s locally. The article concludes that informal reproductive labor works as a systemic component in today’s accumulation regime. On the one hand, this shows its power - without the bottom-up subsidies informal reproductive labor provides to capital, systemic structures of accumulation would collapse. On the other hand, this shows that the capacities of reproductive labor are subordinated to accumulation streams. The question of solidarity economy, from this perspective, is how this existing capacity for reproduction can be organized in such a way that connects its power in growing reproductive circuits, and shields them from extraction.

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Платформата е съобщението (перспективи пред правната уредба на платформите)

Author(s): Nelly Ognyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2020

For the first time the Bulgarian Radio and Television Law include provisions related to video sharing platforms. Platforms are a new type of intermediary. Do we know enough about how platforms influence global social and political processes? Internet companies contribute to democratization of access to knowledge and culture. But when the platform is the message, media ecosystems no longer function as we know it. In the time of global platforms, competition is limited. Platforms negatively affect traditional business models of the creative industries and the media, allow tech giants to gain enormous economic power based on capitalization of clients data, influence global social and political processes and spread disinformation and illegal content. What did the revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive (2018) provide for and what can be expected from the next acts of the legislators?

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Туризъм, антропология и местно икономическо развитие

Author(s): Miglena Goranova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article offers an analysis of the relationship between tourism and local economic development from an anthropological point of view. The development of tourism is a result of local community policies for the purpose of economic development and the deployment of potential on the ground. The article examines a specific case, Sapareva Banya Municipality, and tracks the changes in the choice of natural and cultural resources for the construction of a tourist destination.

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Smart dwellings

Author(s): Mihaela Zamfir (Grigorescu),Mihai Viorel Zamfir,Ileana Ciobanu,Andreea Georgiana Marin / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

Preamble: The pandemic with COVID-19 that we have been experiencing globally for almost one year now brings continuous challenges on many levels, the built environment being an important one. Social distancing meant that during this period housing has been requested differently, first as a shelter, now as a space in which we have to work or learn. Objectives: The research aims to identify dwellings parameters that need reconsideration from the pandemic experience with COVID-19, how these can be adjusted in order to meet safety and comfort requirements to ultimately maintain well-being. Prior work: The paper investigates the latest written documents on the influence of the pandemic with COVID-19 on the built environment, including published articles, peer-reviewed articles, digital blog posts, expert opinions. Approach: The research is of narrative review type and interdisciplinary investigation of the specialized literature but at the same time it is also a reflection of the personal experience of the authors during COVID-19 pandemic. The following parameters of the home are analyzed: areas, dimensions, functions, finishes, accesses, lighting, relationship with the outdoor. Results: Health, safety and comfort are 3 aspects that were tested during the quarantine period and are essential when we talk about housing and pandemic dwellings. It is estimated that there will be changes in the design of new residential buildings, collective and individual. Homes will need versatility, more generous spaces, functional expansions so as to cover both living and work or learning areas. There is talk of a living architecture but at the same time of touchless technology. The post-pandemic COVID-19 architecture will emphasize the user's well-being, but with much more emphasis on safety issues. Implications: The challenges of the pandemic will influence the design process with possible changes in regulations, with an impact on architects, verification requirements, and contractors but also costs for the beneficiary. The architecture of post-pandemic housing will be an interdisciplinary collaboration between architect and specialists such as medical doctor, biologist, psychologist, engineers. Value: The paper highlights the importance of the need for an interdisciplinary approach in the design of housing, a new aspect catalyzed by the pandemic with COVID-19.

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Surabaya towards a smart city constrained by COVID-19

Author(s): Akhmad Yusuf ZUHDY,Aan FAUZI / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

Surabaya, East Java is one of the cities in Indonesia which is well known as a Smart City. This achievement can not be separated from the breakthroughs and innovations that the local City Government (Pemkot) has made. The city government of Surabaya has also received various awards from within and outside the country, especially in the field of smart city. One of the awards is the 2018 OpenGov Recognition of Excellence. However, when the smart city was being helded, a pandemic emerged that attacked almost all parts of the world. This study aims to identify obstacles and steps to deal with Covid-19 without disturbing the stability of Surabaya towards a smart city. The data were obtained from social media from the Surabaya municipal government and the smart city parameters were taken from academic papers. The concept of smart city according to Surabaya begins with Smart Government, namely by implementing an internet-based government system which is also known as e-procurement. Other parameters are smart branding, smart economy, smart living, smart society, smart environment. This paper focuses on discussing smart environment without neglecting other parameters. Unfortunately, since the Covid-19 pandemic Surabaya has become the city in Indonesia with the most corona cases after Jakarta and Bogor with confirmed positive data up to November 1, 2020, amounting to 15,973 cases. The Surabaya City Government (Pemkot Surabaya) has implemented various efforts in order to prevent or break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. Consists of promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative efforts.

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Към политическата икономия на Aприлското въстание 1876 г.

Author(s): Pencho D. Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Based on a politico-economic analysis, the paper provides answers to important questions about the April Uprising of 1876: why the Bulgarians revolted, why many Bulgarians did not revolt, and why the uprising was relatively short as a time-span. According to the available primary sources the Bulgarians who revolted in April 1876 revolted because they were relatively wealthy and as such they had something to lose. Revolutionary sentiments, however, did not prevail in their political views concerning the Bulgarian question. Here comes the role of the propaganda lie about the authority planned massacre of the Bulgarians. As a result, live and property of the future rebels, were considered as endangered. The response to the threat is a risky and desperate anti-state uprising. The organizers of the uprising did not overcome the free-rider problem. The population in the insurgent settlements was left to pay the price of putting the Bulgarian question before Europe. Additional difficulties in the implementation of a relatively mass riot pose the short deadlines for its preparation. They resulted in high prices of and do not allow the supply of larger quantities of weapons and gunpowder.

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THE ASSESSMENT OF FISCAL DEFICIT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES OF SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE

Author(s): Luljeta Gllogjani,Driton Balaj / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The overall aim of this research is to observe the impact of fiscal deficit on economic growth in the transition economies of South-eastern Europe. The fixed-effects and dynamic linear regression were used to carry out this revision. The data used in this revision are quantitative data annually and cover the period 2005–2019. The outcomes detect that there is a confident and statistically important effect among the fiscal deficit and economic growth for the transition economies of Southeast Europe, supporting the Keynesian theory. Furthermore, the outcomes of this research show that public debt to GDP, foreign direct investment in GDP, exports, and imports in GDP have an important effect on economic growth. Findings have shown that public debt and imports have a positive influence on economic growth, unlike exports and foreign direct investment, which showed an adverse effect on economic growth. Moreover, for other additional factors, the inflation rate, the employment rate, and the real interest rate, the results of the study do not show any significant consequences on economic growth. The research also contributes in the macroeconomic aspect to the opening of discussions among the relevant stakeholders, including those coming from the policy-making area.

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HOW GOVERNMENT OUTFLOW AND PUBLIC DEBT AFFECT INFLATION: EVIDENCE FROM SEE COUNTRIES

Author(s): Erëza A. Arifi / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The study aims to address public debt and government outflow affecting inflation in some of the countries of Southeast Europe, observing a combination of factors both theoretically and econometrically. The investigation included six (6) SEE countries, including the 2006-2020 timeframe, with 90 observations. The dynamic approach, the fixed effect, and the Arellano/Bond estimator were used to check the parameters considered in the study using panel data. Furthermore, the study also applied diagnostic tests such as the Sargan over-identifying restrictions and Pedroni test for cointegration. The results of the fixed effect and Arellano / Bond estimation demonstrate that public debt, current budget outflows, and capital budget outflows affect inflation, while overall budget outflows are insignificant. For further studies, it would be useful to apply other dynamic models by applying other specific factors, which will be considered as a useful contribution to the academic, research, and policy-making structures.

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