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Uwarunkowania wykorzystania witryn internetowych operatorów komórkowych w Polsce

Author(s): Witold Chmielarz,Konrad Łuczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The aim of this article is to analyze the determinants of use of mobile operator’s websites providing services for mobile device users from the customer’s point of view. This is the last study of the series of research into the mobile sphere, supplementary in relation to previous analyses of the use of mobile devices, mobile applications and websites offering them. The findings presented in the article focus on the websites of operators offering the possibility to manage the access and services which may be run on mobile devices. The paper presents research objectives and questions, description of methodology and study sample as well as a comparative analysis of the obtained results and relevant discussion. The qualitative research was conducted on a selected sample of university students by means of a standardized scoring method used to evaluate selected characteristics of websites.

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Wykorzystanie metody RFM do segmentacji klientów w celach marketingowych. Badanie na podstawie danych z firmy handlowej

Author(s): Mieczysław Pawłowski,Jarosław Banaś,Zbigniew Pastuszak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The paper presents the problem of identifying groups of customers for marketing purposes based on their purchasing activity. We discuss the problem of highlighting key customers and the expectations of the customer life cycle using the RFM method (Recency, Frequency, Money). Classification results were compared with each other based on Customer Profitability (CP) calculated by cost sharing using the ABC method. The experience of companies is that in the early stages of cooperation, customers show a quite considerable unprofitability. The study involved the purchasing activity of more than 1000 customers of trading companies. It included behavioral parameters: the period since the last purchase (Recency), purchase frequency (Frequency) and the level of spending (Money) and the overall rate of RFM analyzed for each customer. Then, clients were assigned to specific groups and compared with the profitability of the group and the average profitability of clients in the group. Segmentation was supplemented by an analysis of the number of transactions and sales in established classes of customers. Presented analyses were performed using actual transaction data of the 12-month period, obtained by a distribution channel website. The authors formulated a way of interpreting the data and recommendations for marketing activities with a focus on groups that emerged from the customers.

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Regulacja a compliance na rynkach nowych technologii

Author(s): Włodzimierz Szpringer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The aim of the study is to underline the importance of regulation – in the context of compliance – as a strategic tool and an element of the new strategic thinking. The concept of compliance is treated as an essential element of the proper functioning of the company. Compliance has to ensure the company’s structure, which will also ensure that its operations will not infringe the law. The compliance function allows not only to optimize risk management, but also enables increasing the organizational culture of the company and is a factor that strengthens the competitiveness of the company. Compliance issues are subjected to scientific analysis and consultancy sector offers services with its implementation, as well as certification of the CMS. These phenomena are examined on the example of the market for new technologies and intellectual property rights on the Internet in reference to the achievements of economic analysis of law and the regulatory impact assessment.

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Kierunki rozwoju e-government w kontekście zachowań społeczeństwa w odniesieniu do prywatności

Author(s): Oskar Szumski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The paper presents contemporary approach to the privacy protection in the European Union and Poland. It discusses the concept of citizens’ privacy protection in the scope of e-services. The paper includes results of the survey on the approach to privacy of people using Internet portals. In summary, the author provides recommendations and conclusions about the direction of the development of public e-services in reference to current trends and patterns in citizens’ private lives.

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Uwarunkowania tworzenia jednolitego rynku usług cyfrowych w Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Wacław Szymanowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The main goal of the paper is to analyse European Union documents to create information society in 21st century. A procedure to apply and to monitor the European Electronic Market is presented in the second part of the paper.

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Projektowanie wirtualnych galerii sztuki a neuroestetyka

Author(s): Urszula Świerczyńska-Kaczor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The author raises the question, whether the research resulting from neuropsychology of art can be relevant and valuable in the field of designing online art galleries. The article outlines: 1) the research problems and methods of neuroaesthetics, 2) the results of selected empirical studies from literature; 3) the way in which the results of neuroaesthetic studies may be read and interpreted in the field of website design. Both fields, neuroaesthetics and the design of online art galleries, are new areas of scientific research. Therefore, the attempt to seek common ground for both scientific areas, raises many challenges and unknowns in the process of research.

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Wykorzystanie otwartych zbiorów danych i systemów inteligencji biznesowej w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie systemu JST Finanse

Author(s): Lukasz Wiechetek,Marek Mędrek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article aims to show the possibilities arising from the use of open data and free software tools for analyzing finances of local governments. First part of the publication presents the characteristics of open data, their sources, stakeholders, as well as arguments for open data sharing. Next, authors describe some examples of IT tools based on Polish open data sets and present the process of creating an open data repository, using the example of collecting financial reports from local government by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Poland. The main part of this work is the presentation of an idea of using open data published by the Polish Ministry of Finance for analytical purposes, as well as its implementation in the form of benchmarking application supporting processes of planning, management and evaluation of local government budgets.

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Propozycja doboru kryteriów oceny jakości informacji w badaniach serwisów internetowych

Author(s): Katarzyna Zarańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The main goal of the article is an attempt to define factors describing quality of information in the Internet services and rating their level of significance based on user’s preferences research. The result of the carried out analysis is a set of quality factors, which can be used in future research in website quality evaluation.

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Wyzwania demograficzne dla systemów emerytalnych w Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Teresa H. Bednarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The first part of the study characterizes the aging society in the EU countries, which leads, among others, to limiting the potential of the economic development and has negative effects from the point of view of public finance sustainability, and pension finances in particular. With falling incomes and rising pension expenditure, pension schemes in the EU find it increasingly difficult to guarantee adequate pensions. Due to this fact, at the European level, the co-operation in the area of pension security has been intensified. The remaining part of the paper presents a long-term plan of modernizing pension policy in the EU, which demonstrates the realization of the Method of Open Coordination (OMC) of pension schemes.

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Price Fairness Perception in Online and Offline Environment – the Same or Different?

Author(s): Ilona Bondos / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

The author studies the role of perceived fair price as a reference price. The purpose of the publication is to answer two research questions connected with price fairness perception. In the first part of this article the theoretical background of the price fairness perception is presented. In the second part the results of author’s own research are shown. This quantitative research was realized in 2014 and concerned the durable goods. In the empirical part of paper, the author points out the importance of perceived fair price as a reference price. It is also stated that in the online environment the importance of perceptions of price fairness significantly increases due to greater price transparency in online sales channels.

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Perspektywy wzrostu handlu międzynarodowego

Author(s): Tomasz Białowąs / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

This paper investigates the perspectives of international trade growth. The main findings are: 1) over the coming half century, world trade is expected to outpace GDP growth; 2) the geographical center of trade will continue to shift towards emerging economies; 3) with certain exceptions, export structure does not change importantly.

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Działania marketingowe przedsiębiorstw wcześnie umiędzynarodowionych. Wyniki badań empirycznych

Author(s): Izabela Kowalik / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

Zgodnie z literaturą tzw. wyzwania menedżerskie należą do najważniejszych barier w procesie internacjonalizacji małych i średnich firm. Celem artykułu jest zatem analiza działań marketingowych polskich MSP-eksporterów w oparciu na badaniach ilościowych przeprowadzonych na dwóch losowo dobranych próbach. Analiza dotyczy m.in. stosowanych narzędzi marketingowych, polityki rozwoju nowych produktów i nadawania marki. Wyniki sugerują, że przedsiębiorstwa wcześnie umiędzynarodowione (tzw. international new ventures) prowadzą działania charakterystyczne dla koncepcji marketingu przedsięborców (tzw. entrepreneurial marketing), związanej z innowacyjnością, elastycznością w stosunku do wymagań nabywców i brakiem długoterminowego planowania, co jest zgodne z analogicznymi badaniami zagranicznymi.

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Wizerunek Polski jako destynacji turystycznej w krajach głównych partnerów gospodarczych

Author(s): Marek Kuźmicki,Małgorzata Wasilewska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

The aim of the study is to determine the current image of Poland in the countries covered by the research of the Ministry of Economy that are important from an economic point of view. To achieve the article’s aim, we used Poland’s image studies, carried out by public and private research institutions. Poland is now a country without a clear and coherent image. The country is hospitable, cheap, with good cuisine, traditions, but still not an attractive tourist destination. The condition for the recovery of tourism is to develop and implement a strategy for the development of tourism from 2016 which would take into account the exchange of information and coherence in activities of the institutions responsible for the promotion of Poland abroad.

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Uwagi na temat chińskiego rynku zbytu towarów konsumpcyjnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dóbr luksusowych

Author(s): Ewa Oziewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

China, being perceived so far as a cheap producer of everything, the world’s “factory”, is more and more often treated not as a supply source, but as a huge, counting more than 1.3 bln people, outlet. The long period of dynamic economic growth resulted in the Chinese society’s getting wealthier and turning to consumption of goods. The main aim of the article is to present Chinese possibilities of creating demand for consumer goods, and particularly luxury ones.

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Określenie perspektyw rozwoju handlu elektronicznego w Polsce na podstawie analizy zachowań segmentu „młodzi dorośli”

Author(s): Izabela Ostrowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

The purpose of this article is to analyze how young customers (aged 18–29) perceive using the Internet as a means to purchase products. The nationwide research (N=770) was carried out by an innovative CAWI method at the end of 2012. The group of young adults uses the online eagerly; 98% of them do it every day. In the year 2012, as much as 86% of those surveyed, purchased goods via Internet at least once. Furthermore, a significant number of them (70%) perceive the Internet as an essential channel for communication with firms. The group of young adults constitutes the core of the internet community and therefore should be considered a target group for firms selling products and services online. It is expected that the dynamic development of the information technologies in our society will lead to an increase in the number of internet trade transactions, provided that there is further customers’ approval and satisfaction in this area.

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Wzrost znaczenia barier pozataryfowych w polityce handlowej

Author(s): Monika Wojtas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The goal of the paper is to analyze and explain a growing role of non-tariff barriers (NTB) in trade policy. The author enumerates basic categories of NTB and most important economic reasoning for their implementation as well as presents data on their usage. Basically, NTB spread due to the diminishing role of tariffs. For that reason some of the barriers became more apparent, other starred to be used in place of tariffs. Changing nature of NTB also needs to be pointed out ‒ instead of at-the-border measures, countries use behind-the-border measures meaning internal regulations that are not necessarily aimed at restricting trade, but serve different purposes, such as health or environment protection. It causes new problems stemming from deciding whether a measure is discriminatory as well as makes it harder to negotiate multilateral rules relevant to current trade policy.

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Substytucyjność i komplementarność fizycznego i wirtualnego kanału zakupu

Author(s): Radosław Mącik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

This article explores effects of substitutability and complementarity of physical and virtual channels in the purchasing process, analyzed from the point of view of the consumer. Presented data has been collected through CAWI survey with quota sample (n= 1,701 internet users in Poland) as part of the habilitation grant No. N N112 375540. Consumers, especially younger ones, are commonly involved in multi-channel buying processes. This involvement is an expression of not only recognizing the substitutability of physical and virtual channels, but also treating those channels as complementary at the stage of searching for information. The frequent occurrence among consumers of ROPO and reverse ROPO effects, indicates their tendency to rationalize spending, paying attention also to time spent, effort and potential post-purchase troubles. By changing the channel during the purchase process, the consumer chooses a cheaper and/or more convenient option, accepting the possible risks associated with the purchase

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Łączenie działalności rolniczej z pozarolniczą (wymogi ewidencyjne w zakresie opodatkowania dochodu)

Author(s): Elżbieta Hajduga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

In the current legal status, the income dependent taxation rests only on farmers running a business and on farmers operating within special sectors of agricultural production. The recording requirements covering farmers shall therefore depend on whether the agricultural holding also generates income from running a business or operating within special sectors of agricultural production apart from income obtained from agricultural activities. If so, the farmer and his business partners become liable to income tax on individuals. Individual farmers who, apart from income obtained from farming, also generate income resulting from running their own businesses, and partners in civil partnerships and general partnerships can, in specific cases, still choose the form of income tax on individuals they are liable to. The choice depends, among others, on the level and type of the income earned. The purpose of the article is to present and briefly characterize the recording requirements in terms of the conducted activities (agricultural and non-agricultural) for the needs of income tax. The following basic research methods were used by the author: the subject literature and legislation analysis and critical review accompanied by formal methods including tabular and graphic description.

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Przestrzenny paradygmat jako podstawa metodologiczna dla badania rozwoju regionalnego

Author(s): Mykhailo Gedz / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 4/2014

The article researches the evolution of the concept of "space" that is evolving and self-developing cyclically at each point where there is an informational program of development. The article defines spatial paradigm as a methodology that examines the process and result of the economic and spatial development based on principles of self-development. The article proves the difference between the space and the region in the economic concept of these terms. The article determines concept of economic space, and identifies its two types: the first is characterized by a strong internal structure and weak interconnectivity with the world, the second type - the transnational spaces - is shaped by migration and leads to contradictions such as "globalization vs. regionalization". Also the article determines that the spatial paradigm does not put before itself the task of building a "comprehensive" interpretation of concepts and ideas, but realizes an attempt to identify new spatial formations, layers and environ- ments, disharmonious development of which provokes the emergence of global problems, inducing expression of instability.

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Dostępność instrumentów alternatywnych na polskim rynku kapitałowym

Author(s): Urszula Gierałtowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2014

Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim

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