Around the Bloc: Russia Ups Oil Output Ahead of OPEC Meeting
Russia could soon become the world’s biggest oil producer if it continues pumping oil at levels not seen since Soviet times.
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Russia could soon become the world’s biggest oil producer if it continues pumping oil at levels not seen since Soviet times.
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The concept of supply chain management has been evolving at a rapid pace in economic practice as well as in scientific research, mainly in the field of logistics and supply chains. It also constitutes a reference point for researchers specializing in accounting, especially in management accounting. As a result, in recent years there has been an increasing number of publications on this research in the world, including in Poland. So far, however, there is a lack of publications that would present comprehensively the aspects of management accounting in the context of supply chain management. Therefore, this article has the following research objective: identification of the degree of development of management accounting, in research and practice, for the purposes of supply chain management. As research methods were used: review of the content of scientific articles and surveys conducted among companies in Poland. The results of survey study and literature review revealed that the most frequently addressed issues in business and in theory include cost management and performance measurement using financial indicators. In the case of other issues addressed in the publications there are discrepancies between theory and business practice. In effect, this means the need to improve the communication and integration of these two dimensions in the context of implementation of management accounting tools and methods for supply chain management support. The results presented in the article could be the basis for further, in-depth research in this area.
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This article aims to determine the expectations of employees regarding the impact of integrated information system implementation on information quality (and further on functioning of the organization), in particular on the quality of information generated by the system of management accounting. This research was carried out in the form of case study using a standardized questionnaire, which was conducted in a company implementing ERP system. The results allow to conclude that employees showed a positive attitude to the implementation process and its main aim was to improve control. Expectations about the new system were high and significant-ly different from the old system. According to respondents, the new integrated system was to improve the quality of their work, enable faster performance of responsibilities and improve the quality of the decision-making process. In terms of the quality of information, respondents had the highest hopes for improvement of its availability and the speed of its acquisition. Expected changes regarding other features of quality (accuracy, reliability and understandability) were also significant. In connection with the implementation, respondents expected such problems as high costs and a lot of effort involved in the implementation process and subsequent maintenance of the system.
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Accounting policy is defined as a set of rules and methods for estimating conventional values, and proce-dures regarding the presentation of financial statements. It can also be used for determining the value of assets and financial results in financial statements to help in achieving specific goals of the entity. The aim of the article is to analyze the degree of use of selected instruments of accounting policy in Polish hospitals. The main attention was paid to the instruments of material accounting policies. The first part of the paper uses the method of literature studies. It describes the essence of accounting policy and tries to provide an explanation of existing differences between the terms "balance sheet policy" and "account-ing policy" because there are at least a few perspectives on their meaning and their relations with each other. The second part of paper presents the results of an empirical study conducted in 2012-2013 in selected Polish hospitals. The study involved managers of hospitals that responded to questions regarding the use of selected instruments of material accounting policies in shaping the information content of financial statements for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the entity. The research showed that Polish hospitals do not apply (or apply to a limited extent) the instruments of accounting policy to support the management process. In most of cases, the managers are not interested in accounting policy in general, and they are not interested in its impact on the content of the financial statements of the hospital.
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As bankruptcy presents a risk to almost every company operating in the market economy, forecasting of corporate failure should be of utmost importance for managers. Many methods that enable corporate failure prediction have been invented so far, but only a few are utilized by Polish entrepreneurs. The main objective of this article is to identify bankruptcy forecasting methods used by Polish companies and the frequency of their use. This was achieved by conducting a survey by questionnaire sent by mail to 703 joint-stock companies listed on the regulated market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange or on NewConnect. Due to a low response rate, a similar research was conducted on another group of firms. The article pre-sents and compares the findings of both studies. The general conclusion of this joint comparison is that modern methods of corporate failure prediction like univariate and multiple discriminant analysis models are not commonly utilized by Polish business practitioners and that urgent effort in educating managers in bankruptcy prediction is needed from government and academic institutions.
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Financial engineering, defined as a way of financing business ventures by using different combinations of instruments, forms and financial institutions is getting a particular importance in the economic downturn. Therefore, in the EU perspective 2014–2020 The European Commission expects that member countries will make greater use of innovative financial instruments (loans, guarantees, capital inputs). This article at-tempts to assess the balance of advantages and disadvantages of these instruments on the basis of past experience in Poland in the context of the legitimacy of their use in the thematic areas of EU support proposed by the European Commission as a possible of financing them in the years 2014–2020. For article studies used EC source materials, reports of the Ministry of Regional Development and the literature of financial engineering instruments.
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The subject of the presented study is the Private Equity/Venture Capital (PE/VC) sector and the role and influence of the State and public resources on the development of this particular source of financing innovative enterprises. The main aim of this analysis is to determine ways of fundraising for innovation showing as well the overall analysis of their availability for Polish entrepreneurs and to identify methods of public support for micro, small and medium-sized companies (with the innovation potential). Special attention has been devoted to capital funding and the current level of public resources contribution in the creation of new PE/VC funds in Poland. In addition the paper contain the description of quasi-funds and fund of funds, together with an indication of particular examples of their functioning on Polish market.
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It is advantageous to use the virtues of globalization and weaken its drawbacks for further development of the management of regional tourism economy, business enterprises and institutions in the area of rural tourism, tourism travel. Adequate selective de-termination and implementation of economic and managerial targets, methods and instruments are relevant for regional development. Pomorze (Polska 2013) is an attractive region with respect to natural tourism virtues. The aim of the study was to investigate selected attitudes and preferences of the inhabitants of Pomorze in the scope of globalization and their participation in rural tour-ism. The research was targeted at indicating the optimization of management of rural tourism economy. A representative group of Pomorze inhabitants took part in the re-search carried out with the interview method in the spring of 2013. Taking notice of globalization, the inhabitants of Pomorze focused their interests on bonds with the closest surrounding, with the family. The leading role of knowledge, education, and vocational skills was not recognized. Resting in a quiet surrounding was considered as the leading motive for tourism travel. This shows prospective quantitative and qualitative development of rural tourism, also in areas not far away from the place of permanent residence of Pomorze inhabitants. According to the examined persons the main barrier for the development of rural tourism economy are lack of finance, low in-come from this business activity. Counter to reality, the respondents did not appreciate the necessity for professional management of tourism economy in micro scale (bed, catering and other facilities). It is important to establish promptly an institutional regional system for collecting and interpreting information from the area of widely understood tourism. It will also allow for more efficient and effective orientation of further development, investments, including the use of EU funds.
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The purpose of this article is to identify links between the product brand and the brand of the territorial unit, which is the country. The authors point out that building the brand of the product and the brand of the country should be treated with the same seriousness and that the same tools can be used in both cases. Today, products are no more distinguished by their functionality but by their add-ed value, such as quality and brand. The brand should therefore have a positive impact on consumers’ purchasing decisions. It has a leading position among the immaterial factors creating value for the company. Having a strong brand is an effective way of acquiring and consolidating competitive advantage. In the paper the authors have analyzed the essence of understanding the brand of the product, as well as links between the product brand and the country brand. There has been described the scheme, according to which one should work in creating a national brand as well as the process of building a national brand. The idea of national marketing has been also characterized. To identify factors affecting the image of the country, the authors have described areas of national competences as mentioned in the „The Anholt Nation Brand Index”, which are: tourism, branded exports, foreign and interior policy, investment and immigration, culture, heritage and people. Country of origin effect has been also described as the impact that opinion and the image of the country has on a product that comes from that country.
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The paper presents comparative analysis of technical infrastructure which focused on two subjects, that means difference between agricultural indexes from 2002 and 2010 and differences among provinces. The research based on problems of rural ares water supply and ways of sewage treatment. In analyzed period there was noticed significant increase of common sanitation net from 4285.2 km in 2002 to 7686,9 km in 2010 (55,7%). The new occurrence wad building of individual sewage plants which number was increased over ten times, from 1425 to 15687. In the investment process there was huge participation of EU financial support. It let to spend for individual sew-age plants the whole amount of 161.3 mln PLN, in 2002 those investment was on level on 19.6 mln PLN. In the scale of whole country the investments for common sewage plants was twice higher from 300.7 mln PLN in 2002 to 620,8 mln PLN, in that there was observed big participation of investments in net modernization (307.9 mln PLN).
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The aim of the article was to identify the way of perception of the role of Natura 2000 areas in the socio-economic development of municipalities by local authorities and some of its causes. The results of a questionnaire survey conducted among mayors from lubelskie voivodship indicate, that most of them assess the impact of the presence of protected areas on the local development as negative. Some answers prove bad attitude of the part of local governments to the issue of designation of Natura 2000 areas in their territories as well as the most important benefits and problems associated with location of these areas according to respondents were listed. It was said, that monitoring of the current investment activity in protected areas is generally neglected by community officials.
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The small and the averages family farms are the basic structure of agriculture in Poland. The article working out the significance of direct payments for farms development in the region of north-western Poland. Furthermore it has been raised the important issue as the impact of direct payments to changes in the agricultural land structure on the Nature 2000 areas
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The aim of this article is to show the non-commercial organization (Bużanie Society in Sławatycze, podlaskie voivodship), putting in a current context of globalization. Historical, geography, culture and economics term influence character of this organization. The general aim of Bużanie Society is to increase community development: pro-motion of agrotourism, ecotourism as well as promotion of local artisans and artists. This organization works in current economics terms; its aim is to increase the attractiveness of this region. In this paper is described the social integration function of Bużanie Society which refers to connection with „new tribes” of Michel Maffesoli. The Bużanie and their community is „fate community”; they are united by their shared interests, values, ideology. The members of community trust each other and „being-in-common” and „being-with”.
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The aim of the article was to research the possibility of introducing new products which have a potential to increase farming production. They involve the biological approach to fertilizing soil and plants. So far, several interviews have been conducted, which should help to assess the risk of putting the product on the market. Farmers were asked about their opinion about the role of living bacteria cultures in fertilizing, and the availability of similar products. The research took place in 2012, and was conducted among 100 randomly chosen cattle breeders from rural areas of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie province. The questionnaire included 19 questions; six of which were the alternative type, and the remaining thirteen were closed questions, marked on the Likert scale. The gathered data was grouped, and then analysed by means of multidimensional, statistical tools. The research also proved that the vast majority of farmers are familiar with companies offering products based on live bacteria cultures, and have received appropriate sales offers. It brings the authors to the conclusion that the farmers are ready for intro-ducing modern solutions in their farms.
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The aim of the article is to present the reasons of the growing interest of the European Union regional development in times of economic gloom, looking at this issue from Polish, and also from the European Union perspectives. The article describes the requirements the European Union imposes on Poland through its membership in it. It shows how the economic gloom changed Europe which from the one hand is united, from the other, divided. The article describes how Europe survives the difficult period connected with economic and social uncertainty, political and institutional changes and how it copes with it towards great crisis by means of the European Union regional development.
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The paper presents 20 years of activity of Agency of Agricultural Properties of State Treasure and its continuator – Agency of Agricultural Immobilities. The Agency took possession of 4,7 mln ha of arable land, from that amount 2,1 mln ha were sold and 1,6 mln ha put in lease. The sale meant full form of privatization of State Treasure property. On the other hand lease let for spatial development in quick way of agricultural immobilities but they were subjects of multiple trade. The activity of Agency was determined by next acts. In the act from 2003 there was estimated the maximal area of farm on the level of 300 ha. In the legal act from 2011 there is necessity to give up 30% of arable land by leasers.
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In the face of increasing frailty, inconsistent and instability in socio-economic sphere preached the idea that the modern world forces the non-linear thinking. In this way the theory of its linearity is levering. Thus, scientists are speaking about the instability and generalized uncertainty which force changes in the existing ways of thinking. The key to the success of companies in this changing environment may therefore be some modifications of the traditional paradigms of management and adapting them to the concept of intellectual entrepreneurship. The main objective of this paper is there-fore to show the role of intellectual capital in the field of management and to present the results of studies made on SMEs in the food sector.
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In this article was introduced the problems of social responsibility to environmental of energetic enterprises. From consideration on influence this sector of economy on environmental, the market condition in what these enterprises function and the current legal recipes, the real becomes the qualification of participation of these enterprises in the realization of social responsibility conception to environmental. The aim of article is presentation of idea of social responsibility conception of energetic sector to environ-mental. In this article moreover was attempt of qualification of range the eco-investments directly realized by these enterprises in thought of objective conception. The analysis of literature sources is the main method applied in this article. During the investigations was used the method of comparative analysis as well as the method of deduction and the induction
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On the eve of integration with the EU structures, the Polish fishing sector was struggling with numerous issues. Each link of the sector was neglected. Poland’s integration with the EU created an opportunity to restructure the fishing sector on an unprecedented scale. During the research period, EU funds were very popular among the recipients. They made possible a substantial improvement in the functioning of the Polish fishing sector. The EU funds were the main – and in some cases the only – source of financing the sector. Despite the high activity of the beneficiaries in obtaining EU funds, the process of restructuring the Polish fishing sector has not been concluded. It requires further financial support. The source of financing will be the future European Fisheries Fund.
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More and more Chinese are working in Minsk and beyond, as Beijing extends over $5 billion in loans to fund major Belarusian projects.
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