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Margarete Bieber (1879–1978) – wybitna badaczka kultury antycznej z Prus Zachodnich

Author(s): Karol Kłodziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

The article presents the biography and scientific achievements of the outstanding researcher of ancient culture, Margarete Bieber (1879–1978). At the same time, it is an example of women’s emancipatory aspirations in this region at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The article describes the less-known Pomeranian roots of Margarete Bieber. She came from Przechów (Schönau, Świecie district) in former Western Prussia. Bieber was the first woman from Western Prussia to pass high school final examinations in Toruń in 1901. Then, despite all kinds of difficulties arising from her gender and ethnicity, she made an excellent academic career in Germany and the United States. The article also describes in detail the Pomeranian Bieber family living in Przechów and their property status (until the sale of the mills in 1921). Jacob Bieber, Margarete’s father, the owner of “the most important mills in Pomerania – Przechowo”, who perhaps was interested in ancient art himself, supported the scholar’s research for a long time. The high financial and social status of the family was important for her educational opportunities, but it was not recognized in the article as the most important reason for her success. First of all, her personality features, talent and great diligence were emphasized.

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Pictura murală de secol XVIII de la biserica Sf. Ana din Varșovia, realizată de Walenty Żebrowski. Investigații preliminare a stării de conservare, anamneza și evaluarea picturii.

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Pictura murală de secol XVIII de la biserica Sf. Ana din Varșovia, realizată de Walenty Żebrowski. Investigații preliminare a stării de conservare, anamneza și evaluarea picturii.

Author(s): Katarzyna Górecka / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2017

St. Anne's church in Warsaw was founded by princess Anne of Masovia in 1453 for the Minor Order Friars brought from Cracow. Initially, the church used to be a small gothic building but in XVI-th and XVII-th century the church was expanded by adding new spaces. The present mural decoration of the church it is made by a monk named - Walenty Żebrowski between1743 and 1750. The main goal of the project is to uncover and save the maximum of the original XVIII-th century painting decoration by Walenty Żebrowski. The implementation of the project is divided into two stages. The first one planned for the 2017 covers investigation on the technique and technology of the Żebrowski's painting and diagnosis of its present state. Also, we carried out some interventions such as: cleaning of the painting surface from dust and over-paintings, strengthening of the stone base of the lantern, removing of the old putties and concrete patches in the dome, consolidation of the walls structure and plaster layers, filling of the cracks and plaster layer losses.

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Bioarcheologia niepełnosprawności

Author(s): Magdalena Matczak,Jane E. Buikstra,Jessica Pearson,Andrzej Marek Wyrwa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The authors discuss disability research conducted within the framework of the bioarcheology of disability – a trend that has seen dynamic development in recent years. They outline the history of this research, its goals, methods and theoretical approaches. Bioarcheology, which focuses on studying osteological material in a cultural context, provides meaningful information on the diseases and impairments experienced by people in the past. This research has shown that different attitudes to disabled people have been adopted across the ages. Discussing these attitudes, the authors focus on care and concern for disabled people. They then present the debate on the key research problems of the bioarcheology of disability and make new research proposals.

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O descoperire inedită: atelierul unui tălpălar din Iaşi de la finele secolului al XVIII-lea

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O descoperire inedită: atelierul unui tălpălar din Iaşi de la finele secolului al XVIII-lea

Author(s): Ştefan Honcu,Laurenţiu Rădvan,Lucian Munteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 66/2020

In this study we present the results of the archaeological research undertaken in Iaşi on Zugravi Street no. 64 by a team from the Institute of Archeology, Romanian Academy, Iaşi branch, between June and September 2018. An area of approx. 2000 m2 was dug, being drawn two sections, of different sizes. In the smaller section (S1 – 19.5x9.5 m), the foundation and walls of a building were identified. In the second section (S2 – 31x50 m), a rectangular fountain (with sides of 1.15x1 m) was discovered, with the formwork sides made from used boards and which was most probably used for treating animal skins. It was intentionally disused, being crammed with various materials (burnt brick, charcoal, ceramics, iron objects, bones), which formed a compact filling. On the east side of this section, a stone building (E1), of considerable size (15 m), divided into two rooms, was investigated. Its walls were built of small and medium blocks of shaped stone, glued with a poor quality mortar. Numerous archeological artifacts were discovered in one of the rooms, such as: soles, one scissor, and many remains of processed or processed leather. Also from the inventory of this room comes a coin, with the value of 2 parale / 3 kopecks, which was issued in 1772, in the mint from Rogojna / Sadagura (today part of Chernivtsi). Archaeological discoveries contain relevant evidence of the existence in this perimeter of a workshop for the processing of animal skins, a sole maker (tălpălar) installed here with his craft after 1784. This year the guild of tălpălari made a request to Prince Alexandru Constantin Mavrocordat (Deli-bei) to assign them a place “for the necessity of their craft”. The Prince ordered the identification of a place “not given to anyone”, “below Cişmeaua Păcurari”, which “is of no use to anyone, being a place with swamps and a spring of salt water”. Not far from the place indicated in the document from 1784 is the workshop now identified by archaeological research.

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Izidin hram u Pompeji

Author(s): Teodora Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/2020

U ovom radu obrađuje se razvoj kulta egipatske boginje Izide u rimskoj religiji i njoj posvećen hram u Pompeji. Grad Pompeja je, zbog vulkanske erupcije, ostao veoma dobro očuvan i kao takav daje dosta materijala za proučavanje. Ono što se u njemu odvijalo, kao u jednom od najvećih trgovačkih centara na Apeninskom poluostrvu, odraz je onog što se dešavalo i u celoj rimskoj državi. Kultove i religije sa Bliskog istoka preuzimali su Rimljani i prihvatali ih kao svoje, menjali obrede i običaje prilagođavajući ih rimskoj kulturi. Izidin hram u Pompeji predstavlja jedan od dobro sačuvanih primera ovakve prakse i veoma je pogodan za proučavanje različitih kultova i njihove asilmilacije u okviru rimske kulture.

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Srednjovjekovna arheološka nalazišta u Podgorju

Author(s): Radomir Jurić,Iva Škoro / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2017

In the area from Senj to Maslenica many mediaeval sites have been documented. They are fortresses, sacral buildings and cemeteries from 5th to 16th centuries. Archaeological localities and the related finds from the areas of Senj, Sveti Juraj, Senj Starigrad, Stinica, Prizna, Jablanac,Karlobag, Starigrad-Paklenica and Rovanjska, which belong to early Christianity and the Croatian Middle Ages will be elaborated upon. The contribution is based on the results of previous archaeological research and surveys, which are already known and their own research.

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La laura y coenobium de San Pedro de Rocas. Un complejo rupestre de origen bizantino en el noroeste de la Península Ibérica

Author(s): Jorge López Quiroga,Natalia Figueiras Pimentel / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

The building we see today when we approach the monastery of Saint Pedro of Rocas reveals the modern architecture: the priory house. But this architecture "hides" another one that corresponds to the various construction phases carved in the rock, both in its worship, residential and funerary function. An architecture excavated in the rock that is directly related to its hermitic origins linking Saint Pedro of Rocas with an anchoretic tradition characteristic of the territory in which it is located and which we know as Ribeira Sacra. Many are the questions, and the enigmas, which still contains Saint Pedro of Rocas and it is precisely in the rock where we find the answers to those questions. We do not intend to solve them within the framework of this article, but we will point out some reflections that allow us to understand the complexity and enormous historical dimension that enclose the rock of Saint Pedro of Rocas. The data that we are obtaining from the interdisciplinary research that we have been carrying out points to a clear oriental origin in the forms of community life that took place in Saint Pedro of Rocas. The influence of Saint Martín of Dumio (bishop of Braga, in the second half of the 6th century) in the importation of monastic life forms of Syrian-Palestinian origin ended up configuring an architecture carved into the rock at the service of a clearly Byzantine liturgy.

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Istraživanje i komunikacija baštine u Starigradu

Author(s): Ozren Domiter,Ivan Radman-Livaja / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2017

The results are presented of the existing archaeological investigations at the protohistorichillfort of Sveta Trojica (Holy Trinity), not far from Starigrad, and in its wider zone that also includes a Byzantine castrum. Although the results of sounding investigations and surveying, anda set of finds point to a long continuity of inhabitation, only further investigation will tell us more about the characteristics of the hillfort type settlement and the existence of a presumed necropolis plus the significance and role of the Byzantine castrum at the foot of the hillfort. Also highlighted is a section about the presentation and communication of the local heritage with an integral approach,initiated by the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, with the achieved and planned effects. Laser recording from the air and the making of a digital model of the karst relief is recognised as an adequate method for future investigations, with an interdisciplinary potential.

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Funeral banquet, procession or an offering scene – A few remarks on Roman provincial painting

Author(s): Dragana Gavrilovic,Jelena Anđelković Grašar / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2020

The article discusses various types of the scenes that contain servants and deceased depicted in late Roman wall painting, especially in the territory of today’s Serbia, and makes comparisons with analogous examples known throughout the Mediterranean world. These types represent servants in the procession as well as reduced versions, when two or only one servant figures are painted. Well known interpretations of the reminiscences of the prestigious life status of the deceased and their wish for wellbeing in the afterlife are discussed together and in regard to the testified funeral rites, which include a funeral banquet and funeral procession, with special attention to the position and role of servants/slaves in them. A new possibility for the reduced scenes with servants depicted in Viminacium graves G-160 and G2624 introduces an interpretation of this motif as a reference to the custom of offerings at the grave after the funeral or during some of the commemorations which followed the funeral.

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”Trista unitione” - Portretul Lucreziei Crivelli de Leonardo da Vinci

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”Trista unitione” - Portretul Lucreziei Crivelli de Leonardo da Vinci

Author(s): Andrea Rossi,Maurizio Ziveri / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9/2020

The painting presented here represents almost an unicum in Leonardo da Vinci's production as it is one of the very few Master’s works in which are documented historical traces: the article aims to collect all the historical and scientific researches carried out in the past decades that have made it possible to reach an attribution to the Master's hand.The historical events that led to the realization of the painting are complex and here are reported the salient steps and even more intriguing appears to be the technical execution of the painting that is executed in the same years in which Leonardo is engaged in performing The Last Supper commissioned by Ludovico Sforza and in which there are the same technical characteristics; of fundamental importance are also some sketches that Leonardo made in his notebooks and that he will also report in the painting and that refer to the human events of the two people who have linked their name to this painting: Ludovico Sforza and Lucrezia Crivelli.

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Explorări în microuniversul mitologic la Ardeu. Despre uriași și comori

Author(s): Iosif Vasile Ferencz / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

About the archaeological discoveries from Ardeu (Balşa commune, Hunedoara county), many pages have been written over time. We tried to present a different overview on the site „Ardeu-Cetăţuie”. On this paper we set out to undertake an exploration of the mythological micro-universe, in the form in which it is still preserved among the members of the community of Ardeu village. The investigation is based on small sequences collected from local folklore, directly from the locals, during the research campaigns, as well as by the Hunedoara journalist Laura Oana. The study area is located in the south of the Apuseni Mountains, in a place dominated by rocky cliffs and caves, where there are traces of habitation of populations from many historical times. The walls of some fortifications, visible for centuries on top of the Cetăţuie hill, were a source of inspiration for the collective imaginary of the place, allowing the adaptation of some archetypes widespread in mythology, to the geographical framework of the place. Thus, we had the opportunity to capture details that ensure the connection with the intimate environment of popular beliefs. We noticed the persistence of a series of significant elements, with their own function, which are correlated with each other: giants and their homes, huge guardians and/or treasure owners, underground rooms and tombs of giants. In the mythical universe, the giants lived in “Colţ”, on/in Dealul Cetăţuie (Cetăţeauă), an archeological site registered in the National Archaeological Repertory and in the List of monuments and archeological sites. From the point of view of archeological research, the association of the site with the treasures brings disadvantages, and the activity of the treasure hunters can only be classified as harmful for the national cultural heritage. The material proof of the presence of the giants at Ardeu, in antiquity, is a skeleton, or rather the accidentally unearthed head of a person with larger dimensions than the usual ones. As it is still preserved, the legends with and about giants are part of the general structure and limits of the genre, with details that are widespread, in larges paces, but also with some particular ones. These fairy tales and stories are in a process of updating, but nevertheless we tried to understand their ancestral meanings and to draw research directions. The folklore of Ardeu village is vast unexplored land, in full transformation, land from which representative details are lost every day. Sequences of the mythological universe can still be recovered in Ardeu, such as the set of customs during the winter seasons, whose „piece of resistance” is represented by Căluşerii.

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РАННОВИЗАНТИЙСКИ КАПИТЕЛИ ОТ ЕПИСКОПСКАТА БАЗИЛИКА НА ФИЛИПОПОЛ

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РАННОВИЗАНТИЙСКИ КАПИТЕЛИ ОТ ЕПИСКОПСКАТА БАЗИЛИКА НА ФИЛИПОПОЛ

Author(s): Iva Doseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

For the first time capitals of the Episcopal Basileca of Philippopolis, samples of the and impost the ionic impost type – Byzantine inventions designed to carry arcades – are being published. Some of the specimens testify to a large-scale reconstruction of the roof structure of the basilica a in time the reign of Justinian I. The capitals were probably originated from the imperial quarries and workshops on the island of Proconnesоs, but jugging by some marked but not sufficiently shaped details of the relief decoration as well as by specific decorative schemes of pulvinae, at least the final phase had to be executed on site. The unfinished Ionic capital made of syenite, the material extracted close to Philippopolis during the Roman period is evidence of continuing, albeit limited, stonemasonry activity.

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THE MESOLITHIC CEMETERY OF GROß FREDENWALDE (NORTH-EASTERN GERMANY) AND ITS CULTURAL AFFILIATIONS

Author(s): Andreas Kotula,Henny Piezonka,Thomas Terberger / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2020

The site of Groß Fredenwalde was discovered in 1962 and has been known as a Mesolithic multiple burial since 14C-dates verified an early Atlantic age in the early 1990s. New research since 2012 reconstructed the situation of the poorly documented rescue excavation in 1962 and identified six individuals from at least two separate burials. The new excavations uncovered more burials and Groß Fredenwalde stands out as the largest Mesolithic cemetery in North Central Europe and the oldest cemetery in Germany. In this paper the known burial evidence from this site is presented and the location of the cemetery, mortuary practices, and grave goods are discussed in a broader European context. Northern and Eastern connections appear especially tangible in Groß Fredenwalde and it is suggested that the community associated with the Groß Fredenwalde Mesolithic cemetery was integrated into wider cultural networks connected to the North and East.

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NEOLITHIC SOCIETIES AND THEIR POTTERY IN SOUTH-EASTERN LITHUANIA

Author(s): EGLĖ ŠATAVIČĖ / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2020

South-Eastern Lithuanian Stone Age pottery reflects the way of life, nutrition, social status, artistic expression, and intercommunity relationships of its creators and users. Natural conditions unfavourable for the survival of organic material and the intermingling of artefacts from different periods in sandy settlements limit the ability to precisely date and reconstruct the long, distinctive process of Neolithisation that began in the late 6th millennium bc. Analysing the traces of ceramic vessel use, the structure of the pottery, the coiling and decoration technologies, their changes and reasons, it is possible to understand better the traditions of the Forest Neolithic communities and the encounters of different influences in SE Lithuania.

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MACRO AND MICRO SCALE NEOLITHISATION PROCESSES IN SOUTH-EASTERN POLAND AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF CENTRAL-EASTERN EUROPE

Author(s): Sławomir Kadrow / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2020

The aim of the article is to outline the causes, mechanisms, and course of the Neolithisation process in South-Eastern Poland, as seen from a global (macro-) and local (microregional) perspective. It has been assumed that the most effective tool for analyzing this process on a macro scale is a set of concepts and rules constituting the theory of globalization (Hodos 2017). Cultural analysis (Wuthnow 1987), on the other hand, considers conflict as the main driving force of deep changes on a micro scale. Globalization is a form of connectivity that is the price humans pay to access resources that satisfy their desire for status and wellbeing. A common human pursuit is the desire to achieve a higher status and to improve one’s own wellbeing. People, realizing their intentions and aspirations, enter into conflicts which can potentially be one of the main sources of crises, and thus also of cultural change.

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М. Ю. ВИДЕЙКО. ТРИПIЛЬСКА ЦИВIЛIЗАЦIЯ

Author(s): Nijole Laurinkiene / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 29/2005

Review of: Nijolė Laurinkienė - М. Ю. Видейко. Трипiльска цивiлiзацiя. Киϊв, 2003. – 183 р.

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De Sinope au Danube: itinéraire de deux amphores du milieu du IIIe siècle av. J.-C.

Author(s): Thibaut Castelli,Constantin Nicolae / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

L’étude de ces deux amphores sinopéennes conservées au musée de Hârșova permet de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du commerce à destination de ssites de la rive du Danube au cours du IIIe siècle av. J.-C.

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Notices épigraphiques et onomastiques (Scythie Mineure/Dobroudja) (II)

Author(s): Dan Dana / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

Cette deuxième série de sept notices épigraphiques et onomastiques concerne des inscriptions grecques et latines – épitaphes et dédicaces – d’époque impérialeet tardo-antique découvertes sur le territoire de la Scythie Mineure (Dobroudja). Les pro -positions de lecture (améliorations, corrections de détail, éliminations de noms fantômescomme Diocas, Diocatus, Gaiones, Inserus, Πάρφυρις), accompagnées d’illustrations permettant de contrôler les passages en question, sont suivies de commentaires onomastiques et d’autres interprétations.

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Notes épigraphiques (X)

Author(s): Alexandru Avram / Language(s): French Issue: 52/2019

This new series of epigraphical notes (continuous numbering) suggests new restorations for six funerary inscriptions: one from Callatis, four from Tomis and onefrom Tomis’ territory (Mihail Kogălniceanu) :37. Funerary inscription ISM III 211 from Callatis, in which a citizen from Heraclea Pontica can be recognized.38. Funerary inscription ISM II 253 from Tomis set up by a goldsmith for his wife originating very probably from Alexandria.39. Funerary inscription ISM II 308 from Tomis.40. Funerary inscription ISM II 358 from Tomis.41. Funerary inscription ISM II 434 from Tomis.42. Funerary inscription ISM II 331 from Mihail Kogălniceanu (Tomis’ territory).40. Funerary inscription ISM II 358 from Tomis.41. Funerary inscription ISM II 434 from Tomis.42. Funerary inscription ISM II 331 from Mihail Kogălniceanu (Tomis’ territory).

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O monedă tomitană pentru Severus Alexander și câteva observații privind datarea emisiunilor monetare bătute la Tomis pentru acest împărat

Author(s): Corneliu Bogdan Nicolae Beldianu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 52/2019

Starting from a very interesting coin, a Tomis issue – type ”emperor withtrophy” - for Severus Alexander (AMNG No. 3254) with an overstruck reverse (a deitywith a patera in the right hand can be seen in the field of the coin), this study wishes todiscuss the time when the monetary issues dedicated to this emperor was issued by the mint of this city. Thus, a comparative analysis of the official Roman and provincial monetary issues, with the specified issuance year, has made it possible to establish alimited period of time for strucking these issues, between the beginning of the Persian campaign and the end of the reign of emperor Severus Alexander.Why were they issued? It is another question to which an answer is sought based on ancient writings, but also on modern studies.At the same time, the analysis of the monetary issues, strucked by the mint of Tomis,with a reverse dedicated to Emperor Severus Alexander raises serious questions about how the Roman propaganda was spread in the provinces and about how the types of monetary issues by provincial mints were chosen. These Tomis' monetary types have analogies among the Roman official types, issued by Rome or Antioch, but (surprisingly or perhaps not) also among those issued by mint of Alexandria (Egypt).

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