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ИСТОРИЯ И АРХИТЕКТУРА ХРАМОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА В КОСМОЗЕРЕ: ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПО АРХИВНЫМ МАТЕРИАЛАМ

Author(s): Arina G. Noskova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8 (185)/2019

This article is the first study on the churches of Kosmozero Pogost, located in the centre of the Zaonezhye Peninsula. Even the only remaining monument of the Pogost - the Church of Alexander Svirsky – has not been described in detail in the literature so far. The article traces the construction history and describes the architectural features of the Church of the Assumption (1720), the Church of Alexander Svirsky (1769–1770), the bell tower and the fence of the Pogost, using the archival sources found by the author. A number of new documents from the XIX and the XX centuries from the archives of Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg and Moscow are introduced into scientific circulation. Previously unpublished materials of the research of these monuments conducted in the XX century are involved. The article expands the knowledge of church construction in Zaonezhye in the XVIII century, and enables to compare the monuments of this period with the earlier examples of the Western Prionezhye architectural tradition.

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Hlohovec vo víre vojenských udalostí a ich dôsledky v rokoch 1401–1650. Vojenské udalosti, ktoré postihli Hlohovec začiatkom 15. storočia (1401 – 1403)

Author(s): Zdenko Gálik / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2019

The author describes military events which affected Hlohovec in the period between the beginning of the 15th century and the first half of the 17th century. Furthermore, there are mentioned the impacts of military invasions and looting, such as the phenomenon of outlaws, moss-troopers and the declining number of inhabitants. The study also notices the discontent of some noblemen and tycoons with the reign of Sigismund of Luxembourg in the years 1401 – 1403. As in the period Hlohovec castle was conquered twice, the author presents the most common techniques of fortress conquering at the end of the 14th century and the 1st half of the 15th century. Other military events affected Hlohovec during the period of the Hussites invasions in 1430 – 1431. The study also refers to the period of the activities of the Bratríci armies in the area of south-western Slovakia, especially in Svätý Peter (at present a part of Hlohovec) and Veľké Kostoľany. An important part of the study is the Turkish invasion in the area of Hlohovec and the resistance to the Habsburgs in context with the history of Hlohovec. Finally, the study describes the appearance of Hlohovec castle in the period between the beginning of the 15th century to the first half of 17th century, based on written and archaeological sources.

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Кочевой мир, греко-бактрийское царство и Китай: этнокультурная ситуация на юге Центральной Азии в III–II вв. до н.э.

Author(s): Daniil Shulga,Jianwen Chen,Nikita Vladimirovich Golovko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2020

After the dissolution of the Empire of Alexander of Macedon the layer of Hellenized aristocracy began to appear in Asia under the influence of mixed marriages and cultural syncretism. The announcement of the establishment of the independent state of Bactria made by Diodotus I triggered the appearance of a special culture, characterized by the mixture of Iranian, North Indian and Greek cultural elements. Ultimately, its sub-sequent spread to the East lead to influence on the China-dominated world. Based on all the mentioned above, the given article aspires to collect and analyze the data, primarily from narratives as sources and foreign literature, for the purpose of researching the processes that connected two ancient and very influential civilizations – Greece and China. The main stages of explicit and implicit relations between China and Hellenistic Bactria is defined. The role of nomad cultures in establishment of connections between West and East is determined and exemplified by the events of the 3rd century B.C. and the early 1st century B.C. Conditional character of the names, referred to nomad entities by ancient writers, is analyzed. We show the controversy of interpretation the given names with the ethnic groups in modern meaning as well as the range of sources on the relations between Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and China and their characteristics. Finally, we construe the equal role of nomads, Chinese and Hellenes in the described contacts of ancient societies.

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MONUMENTET VOTIVE ANTIKE TË GJETURA NË RAJONIN E PEJËS

Author(s): Naser Ferri / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 49/2019

Among the ancient epigraphic monuments found from the late XIX century, during the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century in the Peja region, a large number of them belong to the votive monuments dedicated to various indigenous deities (Silvan), Roman deities (Jupiter, Mercury, Fortuna, Bonus Eventus and Genii) but also Greek (Aesculapios, Hygia, Telesporus, Heracles) and Egyptian (God Serapis and Goddes Isis). The monuments are mainly votive altars with a few exceptions such as the eagle-and God Heracles-Hercules tablets found in Peja, then the God Dionisios (Liber) tablets and their escorts found in the village of Vrellë and a base of statues of three deities found in Raushiq. Apart from the votive monuments found, it is possible that during antiquity in the Peja region there were also temples, cult places or shrines of various ancient deities: the Roman supreme god Jupiter, the deities Mercury and Aesculapius, and the Egyptian deities Serapis and Isis. In addition to the cults of deities mentioned in today's Peja region, there are also traces of ancient monotheistic beliefs, respectively Judeo-Christian and Early Christianity. Votive monuments have inscriptions with texts in Latin language, chronologically dating from the I to the end of the III century AD and they were made in a stone-masonry workshop near the site called “Gradina” in Peja within the settlement which apparently had the rank of Roman municipium.

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Еос, Ирида или Нике: за образа от дръжката на бронзовата хидрия от Старо село, Сливенско

Author(s): Rouslan Stoichev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This study deals with a handle of a bronze hydria, found in a grave beneath the burial mound near Staro Selo village, Sliven district. The article considers its decorative programme, focusing on the images playing an important role in specifying the date and provenance of the object with their specifics, iconography and style. The analysis of the images and the overall appearance of the handle put it in a frame of reference for dating it between 500 and 480 BC. The observations show that the Thracian object under consideration blends together different art traditions combining probably certain elements that have lost their distinctive style. Some parallels and analogies can be drawn to every motif, but it is their combination, which recent studies have identified as typical of the bronze production of the Attic workshops, that makes the artefact interesting. Accordingly, it is suggested that the hydria from Staro Selo might have been made at an Attic workshop.

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Черепишката манастирска църква „Успение Богородично” – история, архитектура и живопис

Author(s): Maya Zaharieva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Tough arousing researchers’ interest for decades now, the Catholicon of the Assumption, Monastery of Cherepish, is an understudied Bulgarian monument. This study seeks to summarise and complement the already existing ones. Fieldwork and an analysis of all the information (historical data, archival items, photographs, earlier publications) provide an opportunity for a more comprehensive overview of the history of the Cherepish catholicon. Among the sources adduced are records from manuscripts and incunabula such as the Cherepish typicon (Church-Historical and Archival Institute, no. 44), Cherepish Gospel (inv. no. 33), A bead-roll of church donors (Sts Cyril and Methodius National Library 292), etc., as well as various artefacts of applied arts from reliquaries to silver paftas (female belt buckles). Initially, the church was dedicated to the Annunciation, and after the 1830s, was renamed the Church of the Assumption. Built at the turn of the seventeenth century, the main church was refurbished on more than one occasion: shortly before 1834, in 1888 and between the late nineteenth century and the 1940s. For the first time, were identified in their entirety the extant scenes and images of the four paint layers: of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, of the 1830s, 1908 and the 1940s. The history of the iconostasis at the catholicon has been traced since the 1830s by using archival photographs.

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Izvještaj predsjedništva o radu Saveza speleologa

Author(s): France Habe / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

U Herceg-Novom od 9-14.9.1976. održan je VII Kongres speleologa Jugoslavije. Kongres je radio plenarno i u sekcijama. Oko 30 referenata izloženo u pet sekcija: I: Hidroeologija i fizička speleologija, II. Speleologija, III. Antropospeleologija, IV. Prijmjenjena speleologija i V. Ekološka probblematika krša. U okviru Kongresa organizivane su i dvije ekskurzije. Učesnici prve ekskurzije obišli su Crnogorsko Primorje i njegovo neposredno zaleđe, a učesnici druge obišli su još Durmitor i Taru.

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Zaključci VII Kongresa Speleologa Jugoslavije

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

Na osnovu izvještaja Predsjedništva Saveza speleologa Jugoslavije, izvještaja republičkih speleoloških organizacija, zaključaka stručnih komisija, referata i diskusija, VII kongres Saveza speleologa Jugoslavije, na svojoj plenarnoj sjednici održanoj 10. septembra 1976. godine, donio je slijedeće zaključke...

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20. godina rada društva

Author(s): Hamdo Tabaković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

Speleološko društvo Bosne i Hercegovina osnovano je 5. aprila 1956. godine u Sarajevu. Prateće društvo bila je Speleološka sekcija pri Geografskom društvu BiH, koja je formirana 12. oktobra 1954. godine i djelovala je sve do osnivanja Speleološkog društva.

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Speleološki tečaj za početnike

Author(s): Željko Žibert / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

Planinarski savez BiH u saradnji sa Speleološkim društvom BiH održao je u vremenu od 26.-30.11.1976. godine speleološki tečaj za početnike u Bijambarama, kod Olova. Interes među planinarima za ovaj vid obrazovanja bio je dobar. Tečaj je pohađalo 25 planinara iz 9 planinarskih društava: Bukovina; Željezničara, Jahorine i Tekstilca iz Sarajeva, Vlašića iz Travnika, Pavlovice iz Novog Travnika, Konjuha iz Tuzle, Prenja iz Mostara te Zvijezde iz Ilijaša.

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Bibliografija

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 3/1977

Bibliography and review of: Herak M., Magaš B., Sarić A., Habe F.: "KRŠ JUGOSLAVIJE - PRILOG BIBLIOGRAFIJI KRŠA JUGOSLAVIJE (1666-1974), JAZU, 1976.; HIDROLOGIJA I VODNO BOGATSTVO KRŠA, Zbornik Jugoslavensko-američkog simpozijuma, Dubrovnik, Zavod za hidrotehniku GF, Sarajevo, 1975.; LeGrand H. E.: "HIDROLOŠKI I EKOLOŠKI PROBLEMI KRŠKIH PODRUČJA"; Zavod za hidrotehniku GF u Sarajevu i Poslovna zajednica za izučavanje vodoprivredne problematike krša, Izdanja br. 13, Sarajevo, 1975. ; Herak M.; "KRŠKA HIDROLOGIJA U OSAM ZEMALJA NA OBODU SREDOZEMLJA"; Zavod za hidrotehniku GF u Sarajevu i Poslovna zajednica za izučavanje vodoprivredne problematike krša, Izdanja br. 14, Sarajevo, 1975. ;

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O biospeleološkim istraživanjima dr. Karla Absolona u našoj zemlji

Author(s): Sonja Mikšić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Proučavanje živog svijeta pećina Balkanskog poluostrva započelo je u stvari pronalaskom prvog slijepog insekta. Petnaestog septembra 1813. godine vodič u Postojinskoj pećini - Luka Čeč zapazio je jednog tvrdokrilca, koji je bio stanovnik podzemlja i predao ga grofu Franzu Hochenwartu, a ovaj ga je poklonio poznatom stručnjaku - bečkom entomologu Ferdinandu Schmidtu. Insekat je uskoro (1832. g.) ušao u nauku kao nova vrsta pod latinskim imenom Leptodirus hochenwarti Schmidt, dok mu je domaće ime (na slovenačkom) ostalo do danas - "drobnovratnik".

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Sedmi međunarodni speleološki kongres od 5-26. IX. 1977. G. u Sheffieldu - Engleska

Author(s): Viktor Ržehak / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 4/1978

Kako je poznato šesti međunarodni speleološki kongres održan je 1973. godine u Olomoucu - Čehoslovačka i prema jednom od zaključaka idući sedmi kongres trebao se je održati u Engleskoj. Speleolozi Velike Britanije primili su ovu obavezu svesrdno i sa mnogo oduševljenja, što se vidjelo iz tri prethodna cirkulara (obavijesti), koje su bili razaslali svi zainteresovanim u svijetu.

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Reading the Funnel Beaker culture village in Central Poland. Intra -site organization and population size

Author(s): Andrzej Pelisiak / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2017

The paper focuses on the settlements of the Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC) in the Grabia River Basin, relatively small part of Central Poland, covering an area of 813 km2. The Grabia Basin project, to which this paper is linked, was based upon multidisciplinary archaeological research (1982—1998 field seasons) that focused in particular on the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age periods (mainly the FBC period). The aims of this project were to identify chronology, internal organization of FBC villages, social organization, population size, and economy.

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Wytwórczość ceramiki rzemieślniczej w dorzeczu górnej Warty i Widawki w okresie rzymskim i okresie wędrówek ludów

Author(s): Lubomira Tyszler / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The subject of this article is a craft pottery in Przeworsk culture from the part of Central Poland specified in the title. We know 16 pottery kilns from the local settlements: Siemiechów – 1, Konopnica – 1, Walków-Kurnica – 1, Tądów Górny – 1 i Tądów Dolny – 2. The rank of the pottery center we can admit just to a settlement in Chabielice – where 10 pottery kilns was discovered. The pottery workshops had to work in a settlement in Wola Piekarska, which is proved by the unparalleled accumulation (97% of the collection) of the wheel thrown pottery (fig. 1). The article discusses also the construction of the pottery kilns and the organization of the pottery workshops, as well as the issues of the technological and formal-stylistic diversification of the pottery collections from the archeological sites. A general tendency of the local specifics of the craft pottery has been observed. The comparative consideration covered the areas of the largest gatherings of the craft pottery workshops, Lower Silesia and western Lesser Poland. The progress in the researches and the identifications of the further workshops convinces us that the pottery trade found in the basin of the upper Warta and in the basin of Widawka was not incidental. In the chronological terms this phenomenon has occurred within C2-D1 phases of the Roman period and the Migration period.

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Z problematyki wczesnych faz kultury przeworskiej na obszarze górnej Warty

Author(s): Lubomira Tyszler / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2018

The article presents the problems of the Przeworsk culture from the younger pre-Roman period in the southern part of central Poland. It is based mainly on the results of archaeological excavations of burial grounds in Charłupia Mała, Siemiechów, Strobin, Konopnica, Niechmirów-Mała Wieś, on which materials from the early settlement phases of this cultural formation were found. They are determined by dress elements, especially fibulae of the middle-La Tène construction (varieties C, D/E, H after Kostrzewski) and the late-La Tène construction (varieties K, M, N, O), various categories of militaria (single-edged swords, shield bosses, shaft weapons’ heads) and imports from the Celtic (La Tène) zone, e.g. east-Celtic Novo mesto type helmet, two-edged swords with scabbards (e.g. types III, V after Bochnak) as well as knives with hilts ended with rings. As a result of this research, the appearance of the Przeworsk culture in the area in question should be expected already at the end of the A1 phase, however, its full development occurs only in the A2 phase and continues in the A3 phase of the younger pre-Roman period.

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Kościół św. Trójcy w miejscowości Grębień pow. Wieluń. Archeologia i architektura

Author(s): Zbigniew Lechowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2018

Wooden church of the St. Trinity in Grębień belongs to the so-called group of Wieluń wooden churches from the 16th century. Archaeological research of the temple was carried out in the years 1998-1999, making 11 excavations. The result of the research was the separation of the remodeling phases of the church, the discovery of burials in the interior of the temple and also the discover the churchyard cemetery and the relics of the former fence in the area adjoined to the temple. On the basis of archaeological research and analysis of written and cartographic sources, it was established that the church was probably erected at the end of the fifteenth on a small hill, in the watercourse valley, at the southern end of the today’s village. Earlier, there was a chapel there, built between the 2nd half. XIV century and the 3rd quarter of the 15th century (first mentioned in sources in 1470).

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SELÇUKLU DÖNEMİ SERAMİKLERİNDE YER ALAN BİR TABAK VE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Author(s): Azize Melek Önder / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 15/2019

Ceramic art, which has come from the oldest times to the present, continues its life in today's arts with a wide variety of techniques, forms and styles. Ceramic forms and their ruins, which have survived from the past to the present day, are important sources to illuminate the living forms, cultures, religion and socioeconomic structures of the civilizations living in that period. Ceramic works belonging to Seljuk period also provide important information about this period. When the ceramic materials in the world museums and private collections are examined, it is possible to come across many Seljuk period artifacts that have survived to our day. Seljuk ceramics produced in many different forms such as cups, pitchers, jars, jars, pitchers, candlesticks, bottles, vases, plates and bowls constitute a certain style union. This style can be easily understood thanks to the examples from this period's works. This style unity is seen both in form and ornamental features in Seljuk plate samples. However, the form of the turquoise plate found in the Ashmolean museum is important for the literature since it was not previously seen in the Seljuk period. The aim of this interesting plate is to enter the literature, but also to give information about the plate forms made during this period, the Seljuk period is to group the ceramic plate forms.

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Межэтнические взаимодействия и культурный синкретизм в раннесредневековом Гуюане (по материалам погребения с лаковым гробом эпохи Северная Вэй)

Author(s): Daniil Shulga,Maria Andreevna Kudinova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The monuments of the Silk Road as a complex cultural phenomenon are variously represented in the northwest China, that was caused by a number of factors. Firstly, a noticeable amount of Proto-Cninese huaxia had resided in this region since the Eastern Zhou epoch. Secondly, nomadic waves from Eurasian Steppe Belt (e. g. Xiongnu, Xianbei, etc.) reached this territory. Thirdly, the migrants from Central Asia (Sogdia, Bactria) and Western Asia were active in the described region too. This type of ethnocultural situation induced religious, political and cultural syncretism. The paper (for the first time in Russian-language academic literature) presents a detailed description of a “tomb with lacquer coffin” from Guyuan (Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Region, China) also providing a guidance on the historical background of this unique complex, which had absorbed Chinese, nomadic and Western Asian traditions.

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Находки «каменных кругов» на северо-западе Кольского полуострова (проблемы атрибуции и хронологии)

Author(s): Sergey Yu. Kargapoltsev ,Valerii N. Sedykh / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article presents a complex of “stone circles” of various shapes, discovered in 1987 in the northwest of the Kola Peninsula, as well as the results of a preliminary survey of a concentric “circle” (the outer diameter of the ring is about 6 m). The closest analogies to these constructions are found in the antiquities of the Przeworsk and Velbark cultures (Poland), mainland and island Estonia, as well as in polar Norway. The summary dating of these analogies is wide from the Early Roman Time to the Migration Period (1st—5th/6th centuries). An iron D-shaped buckle and a knife with straight back found in a “circle” near the abandoned village of Pervomaisky can also speak about the European origin of this complex. Such a distant influence of the Baltic tradition upon Lapland can logically be explained only by fur trade, which was controlled by the militarized barbarians of German-Baltic, and possibly Finnish origin. The authors analyze the synchronous context of the horizon of connections between things and traditions, including the territory of the Russian north-west. Based on the available data, the dating of the presented complex is determined within the periods C3/D1–E1, i. e. 350/375—525. A more detailed conclusion is possible only after a thorough study of this complex of “circles”.

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