ARASÖZLER NASIL VE NEDEN KULLANILIR? KÖROĞLU DESTANI VE BEHÇET MAHİR ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Âdem Masattaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 27/2019

Digressions which appear during represantion of a traditional folk narrative are non-textual intervations to narrative by the performer and play an important role in the installation of the text. Digressions that are put forward by moving away from the main subjejct of the narrative are said to the occasion during the performance and are used by the narrator in a multipurpose way. However, digressions contain serious informations about both the narrative and the performer. They are particularly functional in determining the performer’s narrative profile. Because digressions are firsthand material provided by the narrator himself. The starting point of this research is that the digressions allow the analysis of narrative techniques and give serious clues about the world of thought. İn this study, the answer to question “How and why does a storyteller use digressions” is sought and for this purpose, Köoğlu Epic and Behçet Mahir‘s sample is emphasized. Because Behçet Mahir’s frequent use of digressions in his stories and typicalization of Köroğlu Epic in this way makes him and narrative valueable for this research.

Маргинализовани ликови и хибридни идентитети у причама „Две обале“ и „Аполон и курве”

Author(s): Svetlana Stevanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 19/2019

This paper analyses the role given to the marginal characters in Carlos Fuentes’s short stories “The Two Shores” and “Apollo and the Whores”. The narrator of the first story, Jerónimo de Aguilar, is a historical figure to whom Fuentes, in order to give a voice to the figures that have disappeared from the official historical record, gives the power to tell his own story. Aguilar has spent eight years as a captive among the Mayas. After captivity he became a translator of Hernán Cortés, and thus he was situated between two cultures, Spanish and Indian. The narrator of the second story, Vicente Valera, is a B-movie actor that comes to Latin America with the intention of escaping from his own decadent situation. Valera is a North American of Irish decent who comes to Latin America searching for his own identity. Therefore, Valera, as well as the Agular, is situated between cultures. Due to the above, this paper examines their personalities as examples of the hybrid identity, which is defined in a place that Homy Bhabha calls Third space. The Third space is a liminal, borderline place of chaotic reality inhabited by the figures that are situated on the border between (two) cultures and thus two or more identities. Therefore they are forced to legitimise themselves in the middle or in-between various cultures, borders or shores.

Од романтизма ка реализму: Хебелова приповетка „Сан“

Author(s): Milica B. Pasula,Julijana Beli-Genc / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 13/2016

Despite the numerous periodisation controversies, dilemmas and problems, Friedrich Hebbel’s drama oeuvre is commonly considered as the most significant testimony of poor German poetic realism. However, his fiction creativity has been neglected for decades in the interpretative literature as well as in other research within the science of literature. The reasons for this may be found in the fact that Hebbel’s fiction was not sufficiently current from the aspects of contents and genre. The short story ‘Dream’ represents an example of the author’s transitional phase between his romantic and realistic manner of thinking and writing. The aim of the paper is to point to the characteristics of these two literary epochs on the example of Hebbel’s short story, as well as the analysis of the most significant characteristics of this literary work, which partly relativises the previous science of literature attitude towards Hebbel’s short stories.

Cultural Alienation in Khushwant Singh’s “Karma”

Author(s): Lamia Khalil Hammad / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2016

“Karma” (1989) is a short story by the Indian author Khushwant Singh, which can be considered as a historical window to the colonial era in India. This paper presents a post-colonial reading of the story in relation to the loss of cultural identity, which corresponds partly to the work of Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth. What makes the story part of the post-colonial literature is because it describes the psychological abandonment of the intellectuals of their native culture, language, family, homeland, and fellow citizens. It also describes the embracement of colonial culture in language, country and the English high-class society. This paper illustrates how the loss of cultural identity leads to a negative impact on individuals and the mistreatment of women in pre-independent India.“Karma” (1989) is a short story by the Indian author Khushwant Singh, which can be considered as a historical window to the colonial era in India. This paper presents a post-colonial reading of the story in relation to the loss of cultural identity, which corresponds partly to the work of Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth. What makes the story part of the post-colonial literature is because it describes the psychological abandonment of the intellectuals of their native culture, language, family, homeland, and fellow citizens. It also describes the embracement of colonial culture in language, country and the English high-class society. This paper illustrates how the loss of cultural identity leads to a negative impact on individuals and the mistreatment of women in pre-independent India.

О хумору Бранка Ћопића

Author(s): Svetozar Koljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 12/2015

Branko Ćopić’s prose largely represents a humouristic mirror of paths and by-paths in his life, from the shepherding days in his childhood, schooling in urban areas and graduating from the faculty in Belgrade to direct insights into the partisan warfare in WWII and the milieu of aft erwar Belgrade. It is in his early stories such as ‘Muka krvava’ (Toiling) that we are confronted with comic twists and humouristic hints in depicting the hardship of living in the country. Similarly, in stories ‘Zemlja koje nema’ (A Non-existent Lаnd) and ‘Ni slavan ni strašan’ (Neither Famous nor Scary) one can notice an ironic stance in the display of attempts of fleeing home in search for an easier life. His children’s stories, such as ‘Doživljaji mačka Toše’ (The Adventures of Toša the Tomcat, 1954), inspired by his childhood in the country, are peppered with various experiences with animals. Finally, he discloses numerous features of partisan warfare in a humourous way in the collection titled Doživljaji Nikoletine Bursaća (The Adventures of Nikoletina Bursach, 1956), as well as encounters of country and urban culture in the novel titled Osma ofanziva (The Eighth Offensive, 1964). All these various forms of Ćopić’s humour – largely denoting the chasm between ‘what we dream about and what goes on around us’ – was hinted at in the collection of Borci i bjegunci (Soldiers and Deserters, 1939).

Фонометаплазме у збирци „Планинци“ Бранка Ћопића

Author(s): Goran Milašin / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 12/2015

From a linguo-stylistic point of view, this paper sheds light on one part of the stylistic features of Ćopić’s collection Planinci (Mountaineers). As can be seen from the title, attention has been given to the phonetically and phonologically conditioned stylemes, called phonometaplasms, which present the dominant stylistic feature in the speech of Ćopić’s characters, but which, in a smaller degree, can be found in the author’s discourse as well. Words are divided according to type of structural defamiliarisation (linguistic deviation), which occured at their phonetical/ phonological level: 1) restriction, 2) protraction, 4) substitution or 3) permutation. Some of them exhibit several types of linguistic deviation. It is concluded that the author intentionally uses dialectal and idiolectal forms. He creates the colourful style of one of his first collections in this way, the main purpose being speech characterisation.

Приповједачко умијеће Светозара Ћоровића

Author(s): Duško V. Pevulja / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 20/2019

This paper analyses the distinctive narrative features of Svetozar Ćorović’s rich and versatile oeuvre, predominantly his short stories and short forms in general. The features the author focuses on are as follows: description, scene, dialogue, flamboyant characters, and effective endings. Although mostly deemed as late realist, Ćorović, in terms of major features of his narrative (internal monologue, psychological narration, free indirect speech, tendency towards naturalistic details) belongs to Modernism as well, during which period most of his works appeared. The fact that Ćorović as a storyteller is unduly marginalised in Serbian literature is emphasised, which can be seen from the sheer number of relevant texts on him, and even more vividly revealed by the frequency of publication of his works.

In memoriam: Sead Begović (1954. – 2018.)

Author(s): Sead Begović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2018

In memoriam: Sead Begović (1954. – 2018.)

Edgar Alan Po i teorija kratke priče

Author(s): Saša Simović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2014

The concept of effect elaborated in his poetry, Edgar Allan Poe applied to the short story. In his well-known review of Hawthorne’s Twice-Told Tales (1842), Poe claims that apart from a poem the demands of a genius are best fulfi lled in the short story requiring from a half hour to one or two hours to be read in order to obtain the unity of effect and make it functional. According to Poe, in a well written story, each element has to fit into a previously conceived plan to contribute to the overall effect of the whole. This paper deals with fundamental postulates of Poe’s short story theory.

Syncretism and salience in “The Man to Send Rainclouds”

Author(s): Frederick White,Michael Goodwin / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2012

This article addresses two important issues concerning Indigenous identity, syncretism and salience. Leslie Silko’s short story, “The Man to Send Rainclouds”, presents significant insight into the issues that syncretism and salience have upon Indigenous perspectives of the world and of themselves. The crucial dynamic of syncretism affecting both salience and identity is examined as well as the ramifications of succumbing to syncretic practices. Syncretism, while offering a sense of accomplishment, ultimately only diminishes both the salience and identity of the Indigenous community.

Народните учители

Author(s): Petko Rachev Slaveykov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2019

На колело към залеза

Author(s): Simona Krachmarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2019

Даскалите

Author(s): Ivan Vazov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2019

Dәdә Qorqud kimdir?

Author(s): Kemal Abdulla / Language(s): Azerbaijani Issue: 100/2019

Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı “Kitabi-Dədə Qorgud”da (KDQ) olan qədər müəllifin hərəkətdə olduğu digər mətn tanımır. Əsər boyu Dədə Qorqud həm müəllif, həm də personaj kimi özünü göstərir. Bu iki anlayışın – müəllif və personajın hər biri öz daxilində daha kiçik funksiyalara parçalanır. Görkəmli fizik Nils Borun belə vəziyyətlə bağlı maraqlı fikri var. O, başqa görkəmli fizik Hayzenberqlə keçirdiyi görüşlərin birində Hayzenberqin təsvir etdiyi kimi deyirmiş ki, “əgər kimsə həyatda harmoniya axtarırsa, yaddan çıxarmaq olmaz ki, həyat adlı bu oyunda biz eyni zamanda həm tamaşaçı, həm də iştirakçıyıq.

Türk Destanlarında “Ant İçme” Ritüeli Üzerine Bazı Tespitler

Author(s): Abdulselam Arvas / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 100/2019

In this article, a research has been conducted on “take an oath” ceremonies in Turkic epics. Therefore, firstly, the meaning of the oath is emphasized and this term is defined. Then, brief information was given about the historical process of the oath institution in the Turks and with examples are explained that goes how old of “the oath”. In this context, it was seen that oath is not only a historical and cultural phenomenon, but also reflected in Turkish literature. So, until this part, the story of the oath ceremony has been told from the historical depth to the present in brief. After this basic information, the place of “take an oath” ritual in Turkic epics is examined. For this reason, twenty epics from the Turkic world were investigated and the examples in these epics were analyzed under related headings. Accordingly, the tradition of “taken an oath” in Turkic epics has basically two functions, however, these can be classified under various subheadings. The first function of “take an oath” ritual reflected in the Turkic epics is based solely on words, and so it is not very effective on the society in the epic. In this first type of “oath” the person does not bear a heavy responsibility for the promise. The other function of the oath is binding because it is both a traditional and effective and complex ritual. So, this kind of “oath” cannot be easily ignored. In short, the reflection formats of the “take an oath” ritual to the Turkic epics is discussed in this research.

Joseph Conrad’s “The Duel” and Eustachy Rylski’s Warunek, or the Text and Its Spectre

Author(s): Agnieszka Adamowicz‑Pośpiech / Language(s): English Issue: XIII/2018

The aim of this paper is to analyze the spectral presence of J. Conrad’s short story “The Duel” in Eustachy Rylski’s novel Warunek [The Condition] employing the methodology of hauntology. In the present paper the term hauntology will be used as an umbrella concept for the investigation of the interpretative possibilities offered by the figure of spectre and phantom text present in literary narratives. Analysing the process of haunting or in other words, the process of the text being re-visited by some other older story, new/hidden meaning arises. In this way we can trace the action of opening of the text so that something from the past might enter and shutter its original structure.

PROTITULÁCKÁ OPATŘENÍ VE VYBRANÝCH HAŠKOVÝCH, UHROVÝCH A OLBRACHTOVÝCH PRÓZÁCH

Author(s): Adéla Hazuchová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2019

Anyone who had not her or his permanent residence and wandered the world unemployed, "not being able to prove her or his incomes to live on", could be prosecuted for vagrancy according to the Vagabundengesetz issued in 1873. A convicted person was sentenced from 8 days to 3 months imprisonment and stayed under police supervision for next 3 years, if needed. According to the original statistics, an enormous number of people were sued for vagrancy due to the increase in unemployment as a result of the economic recession and vague definition of a vagabond. The short story "Spravedlnost v Bavorich" (1909) by Jaroslav Hašek provides an illustrative depiction of a sentenced person. Not only Hašek's prose before the First World War but also stories by other Czech authors show the motifs of the action against vagabonds that significantly determines the literary image of these characters as seen and understood by readers. If we compare the Hašek's short story with both "Kapitoly o lidech kočovných" by Josef Uher and "O zlých samotářich" by Ivan Olbracht, we may classify the vagabond as a grotesque character or, on the other band, as a melancholic character that is driven by a strong desire to rove about called the wanderlust rather than a usual physical activity.

Хамбург по време на „корона“

Author(s): Lyubomir Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 01/2020

A magukra maradottak elszántságával

Author(s): Zsuzsa Demeter / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 798/2020

The Humanities Connection: Fiction and the Virus

Author(s): Ivan Callus / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This essay considers aspects of how COVID-19 inflects debate about the trenchancy of the humanities. It does so through reference to Jacques Derrida’s ‘The University Without Condition’, which invokes the ‘New Humanities’. In counterpoint, reference is made also to Ali Smith’s Summer (2020), the last novel in the Seasonal Quartet, set in the real-time present. The essay proceeds through thirty discrete sections keyed to the style of a journal, offering commentary and inevitably interim reflection on the ‘X Humanities’ and their current plausibility, as well as on the representability and critique of the contemporaneous in fiction, theory and beyond.