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Universuri traumatice și „cai verzi pe pereți”

Universuri traumatice și „cai verzi pe pereți”

Author(s): Gabriela Chiciudean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Novelist Helene Pflitsch is thematically placed alongside Radu Aldulescu, Camelia Cavadia, Ioana Nicolaie, Simona Popescu and others. Torturous images of times not so long ago are presented by the careful and sensitive eye of a creator of plots and characters with destinies that are difficult for today's young people to understand. Adults and youth who had a childhood full of material deprivation, lived in broken families, with parents always searching for a profitable business, “a perfect house”, or become vicious when their dreams fall apart, here the novel's theme “Let go of Yesterday”. Helene Pflitsch captures their sufferings, fears, transformations or breakdowns due to the adverse impact of adults on children. In a small provincial town in Transylvania, “the children of the photographer and Oly-drunk” (Pflitsch 2022: 102) live their traumas and consume their energies until exhaustion. Childhood trauma is well outlined and follows an identifiable construct in writings of this kind, the tragedies in the photographer's family being presented by following the destiny of each member, which is undoubtedly heading towards division, identity extinction and, most importantly, loneliness.

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Бесарабските хроники на Aнна Малешкова и Николай Куртев

Бесарабските хроники на Aнна Малешкова и Николай Куртев

Author(s): Elena Nalbantova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article is dedicated to the prose works of two contemporary Bulgarian Bessarabian authors. The first part of the paper presents biographical and thematic details about the authors, and the second part considers their common fiction books.

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99 rruzaret smaragdi: komunikimi me lexuesin

99 rruzaret smaragdi: komunikimi me lexuesin

Author(s): Mimoza Pllana / Language(s): Albanian,English Issue: 1/2021

99 emerald rosaries; a novel that stands out for its language with personal and impersonal references; a novel that creates from universal themes, harmonious with the life of the author, the people around him, with the real culture of Kosovar natives; is built by different types of characters, making them dynamic. The protagonist of novels is also the author and the people who tend to interact with him by connecting the texts with each other to create a whole story full of emotions. The author of the novel, Zejnullah Rrahmani, in the Albanian literature is known as an author who writes prose, short stories and novels; he deals with grand national topics, but also those overpass its boundaries by writing about life cycles, individual efforts towards a specific goal, love, coping with difficult situations, but also discovering the world around; from birthplace /village, to the city and new horizons, that are known as universal themes.

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MENTAL DISTORTIONS IN WOYZECK BY GEORG BÜCHNER AND THE VISIT OF THE OLD LADY BY FRIEDRICH DÜRRENMATT

MENTAL DISTORTIONS IN WOYZECK BY GEORG BÜCHNER AND THE VISIT OF THE OLD LADY BY FRIEDRICH DÜRRENMATT

Author(s): Roxana Rogobete / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2019

The present study focuses on mental or psychological distortions that appear in two texts, Woyzeck by Georg Büchner and The Visit of the Old Lady by Friedrich Dürrenmatt. We argue that these depict the alienation of characters, alienation which can be traced as a manifestation of the grotesque, juxtaposed with the absurd. If Büchner‘s character incorporates bestiary elements, Dürrenmatt chooses the grotesque to represent the paradox in his works, both of them describing in fact a defragmentation of the sense.

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AMBIGUITY—UNCERTAINTY—AFFORDANCE

AMBIGUITY—UNCERTAINTY—AFFORDANCE

Author(s): Dragoş Avădanei / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2019

The paper comments on three works titled Seven Types of Ambiguity (William Empson’s critical book of 1930, Shirley Jackson’s 1943 short story and Elliot Perlman’s 2003 novel), and another one titled Seven Modes of Uncertainty (2014) by Carla Namwali Serpell, i.e. four authors of four continents. Ambiguity is fundamentally rejected in science and philosophy, uncertainty is the subject of (drastic) reductions in communication theory, computer science, environmental studies, business/management, economics, engineering…, mathematics, and affordance is not as yet convincingly defined conceptually, but all three, as permanent resources of errors, imprecision, indeterminacies and unreliability, are richly and fruitfully present in literature; so the last author uses her modes of uncertainty to discuss ambiguity and affordance (less convincingly) and, paradoxically, uncertainty itself; consequently, this is a paper of uncertainty about ambiguity, uncertainty and affordance, after all.

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WAR, LOSS, AND ALIENATION: THE BEEKEEPER OF ALEPPO

WAR, LOSS, AND ALIENATION: THE BEEKEEPER OF ALEPPO

Author(s): Emanuela Tegla / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2019

Christy Lefteri’s novel, The Beekeeper of Aleppo (2019), represents, in fictional form, urgent contemporary matters, such as immigration, war, displacement, and alienation. The narrative is based on experiences of real refugees in Athens, where the author worked with them as a volunteer in 2016 and 2017. By insightfully presenting the contrast between life before the war, the hardships they face when forced to leave home, and the implications this life event entails, Lefteri challenges the contemporary prevalent assumptions, based mainly on superficial knowledge and narrow thinking, according to which immigrants in general, and war refugees, in particular, have a choice. The alternative this part of humanity faces is between remaining and die, or taking the chance and travelling, often in inhuman conditions, to a country that might offer them security. By skilfully employing a simple narrative style and by inserting geographical and temporal shifts between the present (in England) and the past (in Aleppo, or during the journey to England), Lefteri questions complex realities and challenges the reader to revise his/her unexamined assumptions and, by appealing to the moral dimension of the situation, contributes to the development of the reader’s empathetic imagination.

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EROTIC PASSION IN THE NOVELS OF F. SCOTT FITZGERALD AND CAMIL PETRESCU

EROTIC PASSION IN THE NOVELS OF F. SCOTT FITZGERALD AND CAMIL PETRESCU

Author(s): Andreea Dinu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Although most critics have seen The Great Gatsby of F.Scott Fitzgerald and The Last Night of Love, the First Night of War of Camil Petrescu as being about the American dream or war, it cannot be denied that both authors dedicated a major part of their novels to the love stories of the characters. This paper aims to present the way in which the characteristics of limerance affected the characters in the afore mentioned novels. Limerance is a term used in psychology to define erotic passion that pulses into mad love, the condition of being in love. Camil Petrescu seems to be aware of the love theory, but he did not allow his characters to fall under the spell of love. This is way, Ştefan and Ela are not able to fix their marital problems caused by jealousy and lack of confidence and the divorce comes as an inevitable consequence. Jay Gatsby is the only character that is madly in love and all his performance during the plot is a result of his mood.

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ROOTLESS CHILDHOOD, SHATTERED CHILDHOOD

ROOTLESS CHILDHOOD, SHATTERED CHILDHOOD

Author(s): Simona Laura Şuta / Language(s): French Issue: 19/2019

The quest of identity is a necessary way and fascinating for each human being in part. Belonging to a family, relating to your predecessors is the one thing that creates the balance and the roots for every person. “L`enfant de Noe” fights to save the appearance and the continuity.

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A LETTER TO MOTHER: “ON EARTH WE’RE BRIEFLY GORGEOUS” BY OCEAN VUONG

A LETTER TO MOTHER: “ON EARTH WE’RE BRIEFLY GORGEOUS” BY OCEAN VUONG

Author(s): Anca Bădulescu / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2020

Ocean Vuong’s novel “On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous”, written in the form of a letter to the protagonist’s mother, is a Bildungsroman, a confession and self-analysis. It deals with war and trauma, with violence and immigration, with queerness and loneliness. Nevertheless, this surprising prose work is at the same time an experiment with poetical language. This article aims at highlighting Vuong’s mastery in structuring his novel and using words in a unique way.

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Amikor a középosztálybeli nő írni kezdett. Interjú Séllei Nóra irodalomtörténésszel, műfordítóval

Amikor a középosztálybeli nő írni kezdett. Interjú Séllei Nóra irodalomtörténésszel, műfordítóval

Author(s): Júlia-Réka Vallasek,Nóra Séllei / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 865/2023

Interview with Literary Historian and Translator Nóra Séllei by Júlia Vallasek.

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STRUCTURES OF LANGUAGE IN ”A DEATH THAT DOESN'T PROVE ANYTHING”

STRUCTURES OF LANGUAGE IN ”A DEATH THAT DOESN'T PROVE ANYTHING”

Author(s): Andreia Maria Demeter / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 21/2020

When Anton Holban writes about literature, one can hardly say that he does a proper literary critics. But reading sympathetically the books that meet this anxieties, he manages to formulate deep observations, in spite of an insufficient critical language. The writer did not practise a professionalized reading, like it is sometimes the case of the critics who are obliged to accept piles of volumes, no matter their value, in order to set a hierarchy. Holban often confessed that, given the shortness of life (this is one of his fundamental premonitions) he couldn’t afford to read what he wasn’t interested in. His readings are obssessive and elective. Racine, B. Constant, Fromentin, Proust, Huxley, Thomas Hardy, H. Papadat-Bengescu are his reference authors. Holban’s work identifies with his own life, he didn’t add anything, he just repeated, he didn’t invent but reproduced, being interested only to create an authentic atmosphere proving that he is the promoter of a modern poetics in novel, whose centre is the concept of authenticity. The novelist adopts an insolite strategy aimed to confuse the reader, giving the same name to different characters. He prefers the first person narrative and this reality is able to place the writer in the centre of his own interest, literature becoming a process of self-knowledge. Holban depicts himself only in one character who gathers all the experiences, feelings, anxieties, fears and aspirations, in a word, his human condition.

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Pierre Loti et André Malraux : ironie et tragédie des écrivains français en Asie

Pierre Loti et André Malraux : ironie et tragédie des écrivains français en Asie

Author(s): Giovanni Salvagnini Zanazzo / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

The essay analyses, in the novels Madame Chrysanthème (1887) by Pierre Loti and La Condition humaine (1933) by André Malraux, the strategies of representation and comprehension of cultural Alterity from these French writers, and their effects on the register of the text. In particular, the ironic mode will be distinguished from the tragic mode. In this sense, the difference between the auto-diegetic statute of Lotian narrator, and the polyphony of characters who animate Malraux’s novel has also been underlined.

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Artistic Fabulation:  Novel Forms of Heroes in the Visual Arts

Artistic Fabulation: Novel Forms of Heroes in the Visual Arts

Author(s): Tünde Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

It is significant how the concept of Carlyle’s “heroic clear visuality” was challenged by late 19th-century Black Americans. Nicholas Mirzoeff points out two cases: Sojourner Truth’s tactic, “inverse visuality”, and W.E.B. Du Bois’ “veiled visuality”. My paper examines divergent art works or projects exhibited in 2021-22 to track how a shift from “heroic clear visuality” is present in new visual narratives which demand new ways of “looking”. In my view, new works are radical in their claim for a special form of opacity (Glissant): on the one hand, they recommend a more emphatic counter-visual narrative by Indigenous groups (the former anti-heroes). On the other hand, they demand a mode of bodily seeing – or rather sensing – with the represented (of new non-human heroes). (Haraway).

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ANDROID VERSUS HOMO SAPIENS

ANDROID VERSUS HOMO SAPIENS

Author(s): Anca Bădulescu / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2020

The paper endeavors to give an answer to a question inherent in Ian McEwan’s novel “Machines Like Me. And People Like You”: will the future of humanity be governed or even controlled by artificial intelligence? Will androids replicate entirely and replace ‘homo sapiens’? Furthermore, does complying with a strict moral code or purely logic thinking of a robot outweigh a flesh and blood individual’s tolerance and compassion? The end of McEwan’s 2019 novel, “Machines Like Me” points at the possibility of an AI supremacy in the future. It will be the humans’ huge task to figure out how ‘to make friends’ with the new machines.

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THE IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR ON MARGARET MITCHELL’S MAIN SOUTHERN CHARACTERS IN GONE WITH THE WIND

THE IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR ON MARGARET MITCHELL’S MAIN SOUTHERN CHARACTERS IN GONE WITH THE WIND

Author(s): Oana-Andreea Ghiță-Pîrnuță / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

The present paper aims at presenting the ways in which the Civil War has affected the main characters in Margaret Mitchell’s novel “Gone with the Wind”. The focus is laid upon the major characters and their transformations caused by the Civil War. Scarlett is the female protagonist and she has changed due to the influence of war, she gave up all her principles and did everything necessary to survive. She was determined to achieve any goal that she wanted, she was thinking about future, her opportunities instead of her losses. Rhett is Scarlett’s male version and he went through an interesting transformation. First, he was ignorant about war, he knew that it was useless, he was making money out of the destruction of the South; in one moment of sentimentality or sense of duty, he joined the army and fought for the South. Finally, the present paper proves the point that the Civil War has significantly influenced Margaret Mitchell’s characters and their evolution. The South and its people were deeply affected by war, it changed people and their way of living. The war took away a lot of things from them and it also transformed the South.

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ELEMENTS OF BOVARISM IN MIDDLEMARCH

ELEMENTS OF BOVARISM IN MIDDLEMARCH

Author(s): Mădălina Elena Mandici / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

This paper attempts to examine the reading habits of George Eliot’s Dorothea Brooke, one of the main characters in Middlemarch (1871-72), who takes after Flaubert’s Emma Bovary as she inserts herself in the fictional realm of her readings and builds a gap between ideal and trivial versions of a suitor. Reading becomes the raison d’être of the two British and French female characters, setting them apart from their fictional siblings and delivering them to the public as heroines provided with an aesthetic penchant for literature. Throughout the novels, both Flaubert and Eliot address the issue of women’s troubling engagement with fiction and superficial chances at formal education and access to books. With their eyes feasting upon the written word, women readers begin to over-identify with the narrative constructs they devour with intellectual insatiability. They are at the mercy of day dreams induced by poorly assimilated reading matter. Such anxieties governed not only the surface-realm of Middlemarch, but also the mindset of the Victorian society at large. Thus, this paper considers Dorothea Brooke and Emma Bovary’s reading or, rather, misreading. Both shape their lives according to what they read – the first is a pursuer of knowledge and desires to attain a classical education; the second is preoccupied with the lives of romantic heroines. Dorothea is interested in serious, “elite” literature; Emma is fond of “shlock” prose. The yawning gap between kitsch and its counterpart differentiates the two females’ acts of reading.

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SEMINO’S MIND STYLE IN LYNDA MULLALY HUNT’S FISH IN A TREE

SEMINO’S MIND STYLE IN LYNDA MULLALY HUNT’S FISH IN A TREE

Author(s): Alina Lucia ARDELEAN / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

The paper tackles a linguistic approach to Lynda Mullaly Hunt’s Fish in a Tree to underline how the readers can better interpret and perceive the protagonist’s disorder, called Dyslexia. This book offers to the reader considerable shreds of evidence of the “mind style” (Semino,2014: 282) of a middle-school student, Ally, who has cognitive potential despite the fact that she is suffering from dyslexia and which turns her into a trouble making child who finally succeeds to surpass her difficulties.

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THE HOOLIGANS. EXPERIENCE AND CREATION AS PATHS TO ABSOLUTE FREEDOM

THE HOOLIGANS. EXPERIENCE AND CREATION AS PATHS TO ABSOLUTE FREEDOM

Author(s): Lioara-Elena Coturbaş / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

The paper attempts at providing a response to the controversy regarding the political manifesto hidden in the novel The Hooligans. The types of existence and experience depicted in the novel lead to a better understanding of the appropriate paths of survival in history suggested by the author, without the risk of identity loss, through breaking patterns and crossing over boundaries. The hooligan is the youngster who respects nothing, who lives the experience and turns experiences into objectives, the young man who lives under the pressure of the tragic. These experiences are necessary and compulsory for existence, but especially for creation and freedom. One of the main characters, Petru Anicet wants to create and to be free; he seeks and finds triumph through the power of creation and by ignoring history. The only way of existence valid for him is creation, and by creation, he comes to understand and dominate fate. Hooliganism, through the absolute freedom it implies, can generate authentic spiritual living. The creator is the only one who can change the destiny of humankind, because he is aware of the existence of absolute truth and knows that he can reach it through creation. The author's message is that the authentic intellectual must refuse any political involvement, devoting himself to creation and thus defying the terror of history.

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THE PERSONAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE R. J. PALACIO’S PROTAGONIST FROM THE NOVEL WONDER VIA ELENA SEMINO’S MIND STYLE

THE PERSONAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE R. J. PALACIO’S PROTAGONIST FROM THE NOVEL WONDER VIA ELENA SEMINO’S MIND STYLE

Author(s): Alina Lucia GRAPINI / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2022

The cognitive significance of present article arises from Semino’s Mind Style, a valuable instrument for depicting “an impression of the characters’ world view” (qtd in Semino 2007: 166), from a linguistic and literary point of view. The cognitive approach to August Pullman, a sensitive boy with a facial deformity but with a golden soul and openness to accomplishing friendship, has been constructed from references to the linguistic and narrative devices employed by Palacio to depict the child’s world view in relation to his school life and his progress in establishing human relations.

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GLEMBAY'S UNSETTLING DESTINY

GLEMBAY'S UNSETTLING DESTINY

Author(s): Maria Lațchici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 28/2022

Krleža is a Croatian dramatist, novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. He has been chiefly concerned with the downfall of the Austro-Hungarian empire in his writings. A master stylist, Krleža has been compared with the great writers of Western Europe: Proust and Joyce. The volume of Krleža's writings is vast and impressive. He has written more than fifty volumes of prose and poetry, and among his plays, the best known are The Glembays, In Agony, and Leda, all published in 1929.

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