Thomas Paine’in Peygamberlik Hakkındaki Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Author(s): Abdullah NAMLI / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

Thomas Paine was born at 1737 in Thetford, Norfolk, England. He died in 1809 in New York, America. His father was Quaker, and his mother was a member of Anglican sect. Paine was very impressed by Quaker which is his father’s sect. He regards this sect as deist than Christianity. Because they do not believe in the Prophet Jesus, and they regard the sacred texts as invalid laws. Because of this structure of the sect, it was not difficult for Paine to turn to deism. Paine opposed the execution of the French king, along with defending the republic against the rule of the kingdom. For this reason he was imprisoned in1793-1794. He wrote the first part of his book, “The Age of Reason” in which he defended Deism while in jail. When he left prison, he published the second part of the same book in1796. Despite his belief in Allah, but a deist opposed to an organized religion, this bookled him to be recognized as an atheist. Paine, in his book The Age of Reason, has shown in many examples that the Holy Book (Old and New Testament) of Jews and Christians can’t be God’s Word. He criticized prophecy, the possibilities of the inspiration and miracles

DIE RELIGIONSSOZIOLOGIE MAX WEBERS UND EMILE DURKHEIMS: EIN BLEIBENDER GEGENSATZ

Author(s): Gottfried Küenzlend / Language(s): German Issue: 15/1995

Commitment to the "classics" - a general characteristic of the current sociological self-conviction - is particulary present in sociology of religion: analyses, formulation of issues and theoretical presumptions are developed further in an explicit connection with the classics of sociology of religion. This is especially true of Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. What should straight forwardly be stressed is that: for both of them the issue of religion is not of secondary importance, but it is at the very center of their creativity. lt is through these two fundamentally different approaches of Weber and Durkheim that we define the position and meaning of religion in culture and society. We are confronted with two classics whose sociology of religion designates permanent and not intermediate contrarieties. This becomes especially apparent with regard to the question, which force, determining culture and society, can win over the contents of a religion and what is the relationship between religion and modern science.

Kálvin János hermeneutikája és annak hatása a modern természettudományok fejlődésére

Author(s): Zoltán Kustár / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 5/2009

Der vorliegende Aufsatz hebt diejenigen Elemente der Hermeneutik Calvins hervor, die die Entwicklung der modernen Naturwissenschaften im 17–18. Jh. vorangetrieben haben.

Teologia jako nauka

Author(s): Gerhard Ludwig Müller / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The vantage point of the article is to show the formation process of the concept and objective of Christian theology from the historic perspective. The concept of theology itself stems from its function within the Church – it is the acceptance and execution of the Revelation. Theology is the task of the Church as a whole, as it leads to getting to know God and the ultimate objective of man. Through the establishment of the relation between reason and faith, theology becomes for one a place of searching for answers to fundamental questions concerning the reason for one’s existence. As theology has its sources in the self-revelation of God in His Word, getting to know God is complete on the personal plane in the love for Him. Theology is not a science in the full extent of the concept, as it is executed by reason, and through this, it participates in the cognition of all reality. Today it seems to be a proposition of a fundamental anthropological science, in light of the distribution of specialities of special sciences at universities, as it deals with fundamental questions. On the other hand, theology has in its core the spreading of the Gospel, and this remains its task as a science in the university realm.

Recenzja: Bp Andrzej F. Dziuba, Służyć życiu

Author(s): Regis Norbert Barwig / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Recenzja: J.C. Lennox Czy nauka pogrzebała Boga? Zderzenie światopoglądów

Author(s): Sławomir Zatwardnicki / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

TRANSHUMANISM AND CHRISTIANITY. CONFLICT OR COMPATIBILITY?

Author(s): Călin Emilian Cira / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

In recent times, humanity has experienced an extraordinary evolution of science and technology. In this context, the transhumanist movement has emerged, which argues that through scientific and technological knowledge it will be possible to modify the human nature and the surrounding world by employing genetic engineering, biotechnologies, artificial intelligence. Thus, in this article we will try to very briefly outline the challenges that this way of thinking brings for the Christians and possible ways of responding to some of these issues.

Scivia – Wege zueinander. Hochschulpastorale Kommunikation – (Wie) Geht das?

Author(s): Bernhard Schörkhuber / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2019

This article deals with how University pastoral communication can be realized. University pastoral as compassion means to put the people in the center. Years ago, the world-famous professor of fundamental theology, Johannes Baptist Metz, the founder of political theology, made a statement in the feature page supplement of the Süddeutsche Zeitung with the article „With the authority of the suffering - compassion - proposal for a world program of Christianity“. More compassion is needed in our times, he demanded. Compassion says that the difficult situation of another person does not leave me indifferent, but rather challenges me to act. In her groundbreaking first work, “Know the Ways”, Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179), describes in what unbelievable creation man finds himself. Even more, how God is on the way to people and man experiences himself as a human being while on the way to God. This may be further thought of as an assignment that people are on the way to people. In terms of its approach, pastoral care can be communicative, mystagogical, person-centered, charitable-diaconal, systemic, intercultural-interreligious. Any decision for a corresponding concept means a decision for profiling. University pastoral of compassion means that practical theological action with vivacity – Viriditas - as a program and the turn of mercy determine the everyday university pastoral action.

Liturgický prostor jako tvar Nevyslovitelného v díle Ing. Arch. Mgr. Tomáše Černouška

Author(s): František Burda / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2019

Sacral architecture is one of the basic means of expression in shaping public sphere of residential forms. However, it is absolutely necessary to respond to the specific situation of man and society to don´t fix doctrine of sacral architecture into schematism of emptied forms. One of the first figures who thought about religious architecture in the spirit of the modern sensibility was the Czech architect Thomas Černoušek. Thomas Černoušek´s work is inspired by functionalist architecture concept, further by concept of colors by Piet Mondrian and also by conceptual thinking of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. However, he all these influences creatively develops from the viewpoint of negative-theological perspective.

Периодизација и простор византијске хагиографије

Author(s): Danijel M. Dojčinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2014

Review of: The Ashgate Research Companion to Byzantine Hagiography. Volume I: Periods and Places (2011), еd. Stephanos Efthymiadis, Ashgate.

L’ESORCISMO NEL RITO LATINO: TEOLOGIA, DISCERNIMENTO E PRASSI

Author(s): Matteo De Meo / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1-2/2019

The Exorcism in the Latin rite: theology, discernment and practice theology of exorcism in the Latin Rite presupposes a full assent of faith to the data of Divine Revelation, which affirms the existence of the demonic world and its action on men and on creation. The discernment of an “or-dinary” and “extraordinary” influence of the evil one requires careful dis-cernment regulated by spiritual doctrine but also by modern human sci-ences where there is need.Demonic possession phenomena intertwine with more or less serious forms of pathology that the deputy priest must find himself having to evaluate and manage. What is highlighted in the article is presented as a set of elements (theological, psychological and pastoral), which as “chal-lenges” challenge ecclesial action and reflection, in view of an exorcistic practice not marked by provisionality or carelessness, but which present themselves as a path based on the criteria of discernment indicated by the Church and its doctrinal and pastoral practice.

Škola u Komu i kritika religijskog pluralizma s posebnim osvrtom na filozofsku analizu ajatolaha Dževadija Amolija

Author(s): Seid Halilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2019

Škola u istorijskom gradu Komu u nekoliko poslednjih decenija imala je važnu ulogu u usmeravanju strateških naučnih i kulturnih tokova u Iranu i islamskom svetu. Naučni i istraživački rad u ovoj školi traje duže od jednog milenijuma i u kontinuitetu se razvijao u svetlu čvrste saradnje predstavnika ove škole i sličnih, starih, škola koje su utemeljene u poznatim centrima islamske učenosti u gradu Medini i u nekoliko gradova na teritoriji današnjeg Iraka, Libana i Irana. U Komu su formirane čuvene škole islamske filozofije, jurisprudencije i egzegeze, a filozofskim disciplinama najčešće se pridavao veliki značaj. Jedan od najuticajnijih predstavnika filozofske škole u Komu danas jeste ajatolah Dževadi Amoli. Analizom sadržaja njegovih knjiga upoznaćemo se s osnovnim smernicama filozofske metodologije škole u Komu u primeru kritike religijskog pluralizma. Ajatolah Dževadi oštro kritikuje ideju religijskog pluralizma zato što su je moderni zapadni mislioci i teolozi svestrano popularizovali iako nikada nisu dovoljno jasno obrazložili da se ona zasniva isključivo na Kantovom, odnosno novokantovskom, relativizmu u saznanju. On objašnjava da relativizam u saznanju ne znači da postoje mnogobrojni putevi koji vode do istine, pa da onda kažemo da će svi ljudi konačno biti spaseni nezavisno od toga na kojem putu se nalazili i kojoj religiji pripadali. Prema njegovoj analizi, relativizam u saznanju znači da niko ne može doći do istine i da se istina ne otkriva ni u jednoj religiji. Ajatolah Dževadi upozorava da se religijskim pluralizmom problemi spasenja i tolerancije rešavaju na destruktivan način, jer ćemo biti prinuđeni da prihvatimo filozofske principe kojima se u potpunosti diskredituje suština religijskog saznanja. Da bi to temeljno dokazao, on analizira različita značenja relativnosti i relativizma. Njegov zaključak glasi da se neka od tih značenja relativnosti prihvataju i koriste u religijskom saznajnom stadijumu, ali da je relativizam u saznanju u očitoj epistemološkoj suprotnosti sa svim religijama.

Latinski averoizam i problem dvostruke istine (prilog razumijevanju Ibn Rušdovog djela Fasl al-maqâl)

Author(s): Rusmir Šadić,Orhan Jašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2019

Ibn Rušd predstavlja vrhunac klasične arapsko-islamske filozofije. Rad se bavi pitanjem latinskog averoizma koji podrazumijeva recepciju i karakterističnu interpretaciju Ibn Rušdovih djela na Zapadu, u čijem središtu se nalazila teorija o „dvostrukoj istini”. Na temelju analize djela Fasl al-maqâl bit će pokazana nespojivost rečene teorije s Ibn Rušdovim filozofskim mišljenjem, te njena povijesna konstruiranost s drugim ishodištem i ciljevima.

Neki aspekti odnosa nauke i religije u savremeno doba

Author(s): Mirela Karahasanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2019

According to their shared history, the relationship between science and religion was quite dynamic and multidirectional. It is reflected in their unity in the ancient times, the subordination of science to religion in the Middle Ages, and finally in their complete separation in the Renaissance that culminated in the 19th and 20th centuries and took on the new form of atheism. The development of atheistic, anti-metaphysical culture (Rorty 1995) took place alongside the rise of liberalism and individualism. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that even at the beginning of the 21st century political circumstances triggered the debate on religion and its understanding from the political and cultural viewpoint. The confrontation of the atheistic culture with the increasingly pronounced need for religion in those countries where science was on the rise shook the belief that science can compensate for all the needs related to human development. On the one hand, there has been a strong inclination to emphasize the usefulness of religion for the public and private life of an individual, its potential for the restoration of culture, and its creative power to counter the potential consequences of science. On the other hand, new atheists (scientists) endorse the view of scientific progress.

Capul de Meduză şi inima împietrită ale spiritului ştiinţific modern

Author(s): Simona Nicoară / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2011

Istoria europeană a fost profund legată de creştinism, care şi-a pus amprenta asupra civilizaţiei şi culturii bătrânului continent până astăzi. Vreme de optsprezece veacuri, Cuvântul lui Dumnezeu, transmis de Bisericile creştine, a reprezentat un fundament prioritar al moralei colective, numai că expansiunea cunoaşterii filozofice şi ştiinţifice a creat o stare de concurenţă cu teologia şi cultul creştin. Ocolind cadrul controlat de Biserică, savanţii şi filosofii modernităţii europene au revoluţionat gândirea şi au impus, după modelul lui Descartes sau al lui Newton, exigenţele unor ştiinţe moderne rupte complet de „ipoteza” divinului. Sociologia, istoria, antropologia, filozofia, psihanaliza etc, mai ales ştiinţele pozitiviste ale secolului XX, cucerite de spiritul laic, au analizat şi susţinut consecvent libertatea individului în raport cu „voinţa” lui Dumnezeu. Ştiinţele moderne nu s-au împăcat cu tradiţia cultural-religioasă, etichetând-o anacronică, arhaică, învechită, plină de mituri, magie şi vrăjitorie. Cele mai multe cercetări interdisciplinare au fost atrase, mai degrabă, de aceste fenomene şi practici de la periferia religiei. Acceptarea modelului raţional şi ştiinţific drept unică grilă a cunoaşterii naturii, universului şi societăţii nu numai că a simplificat, dar a și condus la subestimarea unor aspecte care ar fi putut fi relevante în analiza fenomenelor religioase!

Revista Glasul Bisericii - un concept grafic și editorial îmbunătățit

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 1-3/2019

This short article provides useful information about the past and the present status of the theological journal Glasul Bisericii. Continuously published since 1942, beginning with the present issue (1-3/2019) the journal improves its graphic and editorial concept. The editorial text mentions several new establishments: academic board, website, peer-reviewing, English translation of the titles, abstracts and keywords of the published articles.

Comunicarea digitală ca modalitate de relaționare autentică

Author(s): Bogdan Viorel Gabor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

Nowadays, there are many forms of communication due to the evolution of technology, especially when we are taking into consideration the digital space and all its tools and resources. On the other side, we are surrounded by the mobile smart technology that helps us communicate in many ways, with any person that has access to this kind of intelligent technology. In this context, we can agree with the fact that we are living in a digital era of communication and information although some specialists incommunication consider that the main problem of our societies is the lack of communication. We have many ways of communication but still we don’t know how to communicate. We need to understand which are the main and the most important aspect s of this process of communication and how does this process fulfill us as relational beings. Are these instruments real and authentic forms of communication or they must be considered just simple tools of exchanging information? Can the digitalcommunication be considered a true form of relationship between two persons or is it just another way of sending a message from one to another? This article aims to demonstrate the fact that communicating through the internet can be considered, in one way or another, a good formof establishing some foundations in a relationship between two persons. In order to become an authentic form of relationship, the digital communication must create communion and doing so, it fulfills its goal. From a theological point of view, a real form of communication means identifying me with the other, adapting myself according to him and according to the context we are communicating. The true form of communication is based on thrust, exchanging emotions and feelings, understanding others, obedience, listening and also active involvement into this process. Communication, in any form, is the key and the essence of human relationships.

Солмизационни срички в православната музика

Author(s): Stefan Harkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

During the Middle Ages, Christian chants were transmitted with neumatic notations. In Western Europe from the time of the Renaissance staff notation replaced the neumes. In Eastern Europe, as well as the Middle East, however, neumes remained in use. In 1814 the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople initiated a reform of the neumatic system. This new notation, referred to as the New Analytical Method or Chrysantine Notation, made the chants more uniform and accessible. One of the key innovations was the introduction of new solmization syllables. This report focuses on the problem of solmization syllables in Chrysantine notation. Although we know what they mean and why they appeared, we have no information about their origin. The report hypothesizes an Ancient Indian origin for these syllables.

Theory of religious cycles and its application to interreligious dialogue and trans-religious theology

Author(s): Mikhail Sergeev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The application of my theory of religious cycles to the development of inter-religious and transreligious thinking is twofold. First, it goes beyond the uni-religious approach and claims to religious exclusivity, by viewing different spiritual traditions as essentially one, by focusing on the common evolution of religions and arguing for the identical pattern of this evolution. Second, by distinguishing between the structural and systemic crises of religion, my theory offers a sound theoretical justification as to why people are irresistibly drawn into interreligious and transreligious ideas and attitudes. Our time is characterized by the total crisis of religious consciousness and, therefore, bears witness to different versions of syncretism and eclecticism out of which new religious movements are developed and established.

THE DIGITAL GOD

Author(s): Radek Mezuláník / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Also did you find paradoxical that God created man, but man invented God? So now for a moment forget about Jesus, Allah and Buddha and imagine that you are faced with the difficult task of devising modern deities that worship most of today’s population regardless of religion. God of money and business with really sharp elbows? The goddess of sex and pleasure that pulls with God of money and business? The God of Surplus and His Dismissed Brother God of poverty and lack? Even nobody has to worship them, but their influence on our lives is more than substantial.