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“Tutti hanno bisogni spirituali”? Fede, religione e arte emergente in Polonia

“Tutti hanno bisogni spirituali”? Fede, religione e arte emergente in Polonia

Author(s): Jakub Gawkowski,Patryk Walaszkowski / Language(s): Italian / Issue: 9/2018

The article concerns artistic practices of the young generation of Polish artists, who in their works deal with the subjects of faith, religion and the relation with the institution of the Catholic Church. On the examples of Ada Karczmarczyk, Kle Mens and Daniel Rycharski, we analyse the new tendencies in approaching religiosity by interdisciplinary artists, who declare social sensitivity and openness for dialogue, and try to reach a wide audience beyond the field of contemporary art. The practices of these artists are contextualised in the frame of Polish culture, wars and art critics’ discussions. Finally, their approach to religion is juxtaposed and compared with that of artists from the generation of Polish Critical Art, active since the early 1990s.

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„Quo vadis?”

Author(s): Dan Ciachir / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 5/2017

The article evokes memories regarding the author’s colaboration with BBC Radio, in the 90s. There were times of increased interest in the Church and religious affairs. The article also recalls a visit to the Arch- bishop Justinian Chira of Maramureş.

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„Ritual“ als epistemologisches Problem der (prähistorischen) Archäologie. Religionswissenschaftliche und erkenntnistheoretische Anmerkungen zum Problem urzeitlicher Religionen

„Ritual“ als epistemologisches Problem der (prähistorischen) Archäologie. Religionswissenschaftliche und erkenntnistheoretische Anmerkungen zum Problem urzeitlicher Religionen

Author(s): Alexander Rubel / Language(s): Romanian,German / Issue: 1/2009

„Ritual” as an epistemological problem of (prehistoric) archeology. Religious studies and epistemological notes on the problem of prehistoric religions

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Две кратки редакции на чина на Свето Богоявление
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Две кратки редакции на чина на Свето Богоявление

Author(s): Hristina Toncheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The Old Bulgarian Blessing of the Waters on the Eve of Epiphany from X-XI centuries is the earliest Slavic copy of that work, giving an account of the very old routine of the Holy Sanctification of the Water, which is performed nowadays on the eve of Epiphany (January 6 - new stile). During the examination of the later Slavic copies of this Convention from the XV-XVII centuries, were discovered two unknown short redactions - one of them from the XVth c. - in Russia, Serbian, and Bulgarian Books of divine services and Prayer-books, and the other - from the year 1782 (in a Church Slavic prayer-book from Hilandar monastery, in Mount Athos). In the article, for the first time, is published the text of the short redaction of the Blessing of the Water on the Eve of Epiphany, from the above mentioned XVIIIth c. Preayer-book.

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Двете религии: историко-философски интерпретации
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Двете религии: историко-философски интерпретации

Author(s): Nonka Bogomilova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

The paper analyzes the view that religion is ambivalent in nature, that it has a double cultural existence, that the feelings connected with religious experience are correspondingly ambivalent, as maintained by classic, modern, and post-modern thinkers like F. Schleiermacher, I. Kant, the early Hegel, H. Bergson, S. Kierkegaard, P. Tillich, E. Fromm, etc. These authors have referred to two kinds of religion, each of which has a separate definition: traditional, authoritarian, communal on the one hand, and personal, exalted, mystical on the other.

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Декоративные вербы в западной Беларуси и восточной Литве во второй половине ХХ–начале ХХI вв.

Декоративные вербы в западной Беларуси и восточной Литве во второй половине ХХ–начале ХХI вв.

Author(s): Jonas Mardosa / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 58 (2)/2013

Various consecrated symbols play a special role in folk culture and folk religion. In the Christian liturgy, the verba (palm) is a symbol having a concrete religious meaning. In the second half of the 20th century, in Western Belarus and Eastern Lithuania, a tendency to consider verba from the aesthetic point of view emerged. An exceptional case among the verba (between Belarusian, Russian, Polish, and Lithuanian believers) are the decorated symbol, which may be called palm-shape verba. Amongst the believers of Belarus, regardless of confession, the decorated verba (with flowers) has become a symbol of the contemporary religious identity. Verbas with decorations in Eastern Lithuania are more popular amongst Polish believers; in Western Belarus, they are blessed regardless of confessional and nationality differences. In the beginning of the 21st century, three main variants of palm-shaped verba may be found. The first variant is made from willow or juniper twigs decorated with dry and green flower blossoms (or the twigs of both trees are used together). The second and very popular decoration variant is artificial flowers attached to a willow twig. In the third variant, the blossoms made from threads are arranged along the whole length of a willow twig. An exceptional case among the decorated verbas in Eastern Lithuania are the Vilnius verba. This variant of decorated verba first appeared at the start of the 19th century in the surrounding areas of Vilnius. Originally, these verbas were associated with the Polish religious and folk culture of Southeast Lithuania. In the second half of the 20th century, the Vilnius verbas were strongly linked with the Catholic Lithuanian and Polish folk culture of the Vilnius region, but have not been popular amongst the believers of Belarus. Considerable differences may be noticed in the scope and content of decorative elements in the verba of Lithuania and Belarus. In Lithuania, decorated verbas are more popular among urban Catholics. Thus, verba reveals the diversity of the Christian tradition, which comprises the exceptional features of the contemporary folk religion in Eastern Lithuania and Western Belarus. Through the link between the verba and the ethnic and confessional communities, these variants of the symbol become an important identity-forming factor for the inhabitants of Western Belarus and Eastern Lithuania in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century

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Езичеството през призмата на средновековния български книжовен език
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Езичеството през призмата на средновековния български книжовен език

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 17/2019

The paper analyses that vocabulary of certain medieval Bulgarian written monuments which is related to mythological notions and religious believes of the pagan antiquity. It is part of a series of studies on specific lexical-semantic groups of words in the history of the Bulgarian language, both united and differentiated on the basis of their subject-logical links in relation to reality, which have been done with a view to collect material for the Thematic Dictionary of the Medieval Bulgarian Language. Analysis is based on language data of the earliest written monuments – of the 10th to 14th centuries – which are reflected in the Palaeoslavonic lexicographic editions. The following thematic units are studied: names of pagan religious buildings and facilities, terms of pagan religious practices, names of persons involved in pagan practices, sacred words and names of mythical characters. The study reveals the existence of a large and detailed thematic union covering numerous word items related to pagan culture.

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Екстатичната практика Рабъта – религиозни и исторически проявления
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Екстатичната практика Рабъта – религиозни и исторически проявления

Author(s): Hristo Saldzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2016

The present article deals with the phenomenon of rabata – sufic and neosufic practice and ritual typical of the Nakshibend order and its branches. In the article, several aspects of rabata are discussed: the descriptions of rabata in the writings and works of Nakshibend authors, the different kinds of rabata and their places in the Nakshibend ritual complex and belief system, the theosophical and ecstatic aspects of rabata and its early history. Final conclusion is that the origin of rabata must be sought among the Persian speaking Muslim communities influenced by the Middle age batinism and Sufism.

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Екуменизам и толеранција

Екуменизам и толеранција

Author(s): Iljaz Osmanlic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2017

The schism in Christianity occurred in 1054. Christianity split into Eastern (Orthodox) and Western (Catholic). In the West there was Rome as the center of the Catholic Church, while in the east strengthened the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church. We should recall the, laying the bule, exclusion against Patriarch Michael I Cerularius, whowas puton the throne on 16 July 1054 of St. Sophia in Constantinople by cardinalHumekt on behalf of Pope Leo IX, who died three months ago, Christianity was officially divided into east and west. The third millennium belongs to ecumenism the reconciliationof ecclesiastical differences and re-creation of a common faith, which existed before the Great Schism. Christian churches are now more familiar than ever in recent centuries, many tensions have eased, but not disappeared. All maintain dialogue with everyone. Roman Catholic contact more and better with the Orthodox churches, Anglicans, despite the silent crucial block. Orthodox theologians lead theological dialogue with the majority of churches. Ecumenism was created in the second half of the 19th century, and a full development has experienced in the 20th century. Many theologians interpret ecumenism as a new phenomenon in a religion. In recent years ecumenism represents the discovery of common biblical, liturgical, patristic and spiritual roots, in fact, above all, a better knowledge of the Bible , the live word of the God. Ecumenism implies a dialogue of the Orthodox and the Catholic Church in order to achieve a common result, which is the unification. In the near future we should think about the convening of the joined Parliament on which would be represented all the Christian churches? On that great convocation of the joined Parliament should be establish a dialogue that would lead to the overcoming of the schism but also the restoration of the historical unity of the church. But unity is not in sight.

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Енорията на централните Балкани през османската епоха - поглед
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Енорията на централните Балкани през османската епоха - поглед "отвътре": Православният свещеник и неговото паство през призмата на един свещенически текст от средата на XVII век

Author(s): Olga Todorova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

This article to challenge the notion of an entirely harmonious Christian-Orthodox parish that dominates the historiography of the Ottoman Balkans. The interrelations between Orthodox priests and their flocks are analyzed here in the light of the so-called Chronicle of Serres (ca. 1642), composed by Papa Synadinos, a Greek Orthodox priest and a member of the local Christian elite. It is claimed that two distinct images of the parish, quite opposite to each other, emerge from the text of the Chronicle. The first one is the image of the "ideal" parish, free of any conflicts between the priest and his parishioners. In the Chronicle it was exemplified with the parish of Papa Siderus, Synadinos' father, who has been portrayed as e perfect priest and a role-model for his time. This image, however, proves to be no more than a literary construct. Much more interesting is the second image representing the "real" parish led by Synadinos himself. It was depicted as a place where frictions between the "enlightened" priest and his flock were a common occurrence. The present study attempts to delineate the economic as well as the cultural (in the broadest sense of the word) cause which stood behind the constantly evolving tensions between laity and priests. It is argued that disagreements deepened even more due to options available to both sides to compete against each other by petitioning either to the Ottoman or the Church authorities.

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Жертвоприношение, дар и молитва – ритуалът на поднасяне на дарове към планинското божество сред едно тибетско племе в региона Амдо
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Жертвоприношение, дар и молитва – ритуалът на поднасяне на дарове към планинското божество сред едно тибетско племе в региона Амдо

Author(s): Su Faxiang,W?ng Yuewei / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2016

Marcel Mauss’ works on the social facts of sacrifice, gift and pray formed the fundamental concepts and theories for anthropological studies about the reciprocity between humans and gods and the contract principal in gift exchange. This paper will focus on a sacrificial ritual to mountain god in a Tibetan tribe and discuss the relations between the three concepts, to illustrate that in this kind of ritual, although sacrificesare nonliving beings rather than animals, the intensity of other steps still stay at asimilar level with classical sacrificial ritual with animal sacrifices; and in the ethics of reciprocal principal, the form of gift exchange in this sacrificial ritual shows obvious „merit“ and „karma“ values which has representativeness in Buddhist societies.

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За мултикултурните аспекти във възприятията на Хермес-Меркурий - между
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За мултикултурните аспекти във възприятията на Хермес-Меркурий - между "Ψυχοπόμπος" и "добрия пастир"

Author(s): Bozhidar Draganov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

This article is an attempt to discuss the "conventional" image of Hermes-Mercury in a rather unconventional way. The author has sought the substratum of perceptions that condition the "long" life of a deity in the complex of Indo-European religious beliefs. The aspects relating Hermes-Mercury to the essence of the notion of Ψυχοπόμπος have been pointed out, to which end the author has analysed mythological information, as well as the semantics of part of Hermes' sacred animals. With the help of glyptic and miniature bronze figurine monuments, he has sought the connection with Egyptian, eastern and Asia Minor deities predisposing the "synthesis" to uniform religious perceptions in the period of transition from polytheism to monotheism. In spite of the danger of extreme interpretation, there is also an analysis of some parallels with Mithra, the 'Good Shepherd' and St. Nicholas, which mark the complex semantics and multiple layers of the seemingly 'gradual' and 'natural' process of consolidation that accompanied the age of consolidation of the Christian idea.

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За мястото на библейския текст в новата българска литература. Рецепции – интерпретации – предизвикателства
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За мястото на библейския текст в новата българска литература. Рецепции – интерпретации – предизвикателства

Author(s): Ewelina Drzewiecka / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The paper raises the question of the place of the Biblical text in Bulgarian literature and the autostereotype of the religious indifferentism of the Bulgarians. Both the key texts of the famous Bulgarian literary critics (B. Penev, D. Konstantinov, A. Dalchev) and their reception in the latest Bulgarian literary studies are analysed. The cultural context of the perception of the Bible (and religion) is given in terms of formation of modernity, as the emphasis is put on the role of the Orthodox and Protestant thought. It is indicated that a new perspective on the phenomena can be provided by the postsecular thought.

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Идентичност и миграция. 1. Естонският случай
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Идентичност и миграция. 1. Естонският случай

Author(s): Ekaterina Anastasova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article is part of a series of observations related to the problem of the identity construction of the Easteauropean emigrants/immigrants “in the West” (Europe andUSA) before and after the “democratic changes”. Here, the author examines the first case (the second one is published in the second volume of the thematic issue “The Road”) which is based on materials from Estonia. The article shows the specifics of the Estonian labour mobility to Scandinavia in the context of the identification “main stays” developed by the Estonian society and related to the so-called popular religion and the neo-paganism which form a “working” national narrative.The article is based on the fieldwork of the author, published sources and Internet materials.

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История и культура «польских» староверов в исследованиях последних лет.

История и культура «польских» староверов в исследованиях последних лет.

Author(s): Helena Pociechina / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 150/2015

The study of language, history and culture of the Old Believers are taught for years after World War II in various Polish research centers and universities — in Warsaw, Toruń and Olsztyn. In recent years, with financial support from the National Science Centre researches were started that have a new methodological character and join in one team both the experienced and young researchers. The conclusions of the study will contribute to the development of new fields of the humanities: cultural anthropology, history and sociology of culture, and philology in its broadest sense. The article deals with the problem and the results of two projects carried out in 2011–2013 by the research team of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.

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Како да други буде ближњи? О могућности сусрета Истока и Запада

Како да други буде ближњи? О могућности сусрета Истока и Запада

Author(s): Zoran Kindic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 03+04/2014

After having shown three possible attitudes to the other (positive, negative and indifferent), the author tests the dialectic of the transformation of the other into the neighbour and the neighbour into stranger on a number of historical examples. In contrast to the enlightenment doctrine of religious tolerance which is based on the relativistic conception of truth, the author thinks that the spiritual core of religion is peace and universal love. The spiritual traditions of both East and West testify that one who has experienced the mystical union is not able to hate anyone. Hence love for enemy is the criterion of the tru faith, the testimony of being imbued with divine love. Setting free from the fetters of ego, the distance which separates us from the others disappears. So, the road to other leads through my own inwardness. The closer we are to our innermost being, the closer is the other man, too.

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Кириллический рукописный учебникдревнееврейского языка (список XVI в.) и его учебно-методические приемы

Кириллический рукописный учебникдревнееврейского языка (список XVI в.) и его учебно-методические приемы

Author(s): Sergejus Temcinas / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 58 (2)/2013

A concise Manual of Hebrew, recently discovered in a Cyrillic manuscript miscellany of the 3rd quarter of the 16th century (Moscow, the Russian State Archive of Early Acts, F. Mazurin collection (f. 196), inventory 1, No 616, f. 124–130) is very important for the history of the Ruthenian written culture in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Manual of Hebrew comprises material of three different kinds: a) some excerpts from the original Hebrew Old Testament text (Ge 2.8, 32.27–28; Ps 150; So 3.4 (or 8.2), 8.5; Is 11.12) written in Cyrillic characters; b) a bilingual Hebrew–Ruthenian vocabulary with explanatory notes; c) small quotations from the Ruthenian text of three Old Testament books (Genesis, Isaiah, Song of Songs). The meta-language used in the Manual of Hebrew is Ruthenian. The translations present in the Manual had been made directly from Hebrew. A comparison of the quotations from the Song of Songs found in the Manual and all the known Cyrillic and Glagolitic versions of this book (referring to both the manuscript and the printed sources of different periods) reveals their principal coincidence with the Ruthenian translation found in the Vilnius Old Testament Florilegium (Vilnius, Wróblewskie Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, F 19–262). The originals of the two manuscripts probably originated in the 2nd half of the 15th century in the circle of the learned Kievan Jew Zachariah ben Aaron ha-Kohen who is also known as Skhariya, the initiator of the Novgorod movement of the Judaizers (1471–1504). The Cyrillic Manual of Hebrew is a clear evidence of this language being taught/ learned in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the late 15th–early 16th century. The learning material and its presentation methods reveal a quite elaborate (although inconsistently implemented) pedagogical approach which puts the Manual aside from the rest of early East Slavic glossaries of the same or earlier date. Thus, the Manual presents, among other features: a) a number of original Hebrew texts written in Cyrillic, divided into small portions (each with a Ruthenian translation) which are then put together to form a continuous text; b) certain trilingual glossary entries where Hebrew, “Greek” (in reality Slavic borrowings from Greek) and Slavic words are juxtaposed, while in other cases double translations in two different Slavic languages (Ruthenian and Old Church Slavonic) are given; c) some long elaborated definitions, sometimes containing synonymous variants or alternative translations; d) information about the sources of variant Hebrew forms or their meanings; e) information on certain grammatical (gender, plural, possessive) forms and word formation (compounds), etc. It is beyond doubt that the Cyrillic manuscript “Manual of Hebrew” is a result of joint efforts of Jewish and East Slavic bookmen, but the relatively high level of pedagogical and linguistic sophistication of the joint result is to be ascribed to the Jewish compilers of the Manual rather than to their East Slavic co-authors.

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Книга на портите
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Книга на портите

Author(s): Teodor Lekov / Language(s): Bulgarian,Egyptian (Ancient) / Publication Year: 2017

The "Book of the Gates" is the third book of Ancient Egyptian Religious Texts series, which includes the main works of the Egyptian sacred tradition. "The Book of the Gates" is an ancient Egyptian magical book devoted to journey of the god of sun to the afterlife. Its name has been given because of the gates that close the spaces between the various parts of the underground kingdom. The book is intended for the Egyptian ruler; it was unavailable to the uninitiated. It first appeared in the middle of the New Kingdom (XIV BCE) and was recorded on the walls of the royal tombs.This edition contains an introduction, an ancient Egyptian translation (accompanied by translation), images of the scenes and commentary. It is published for the first time in Bulgarian.

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Компаративистика в биоэтике: значение и перспективы

Компаративистика в биоэтике: значение и перспективы

Author(s): Konstantin Lazukin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 65/2018

Comparative analysis and its methods are often used in different scientific fields. The approach which is analysed in this article receives special attention in defining its goals and functions, as well as the possibility of its application to social science and other humanities. First of all, this article describes the possible functions of comparative studies. Secondly, the author is trying to model the potential variants of the research results. The article includes not only theoretical findings, but also a practical application. An example of a comparative analysis is published in the second part of the article. This example describes the difference in understanding of the term “bioethics” in the positions of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Komparatyvistinė analizė ir jos metodai dažnai naudojami įvairiose mokslo srityse. Šiam tekste pristatomam metodui yra skiriamas ypatingas dėmesys apibrėžiant jo tikslus, funkcijas ir pritaikomumą humanitariniuose moksluose. Norint taikyti komparatyvistiką bioetikos srityje būtina paaiškinti jos taikymo galimybes, taip pat išsiaiškinti, kokių rezultatų galima tikėtis. Šis darbas skirtas aprašyti komparatyvistikos funkcijas ir apibrėžti šių funkcijų taikymo galimybes. Antroje straipsnio dalyje pateikiamas pavyzdys. Jame išnagrinėta, kaip sąvoka „bioetika“ apibrėžiama Krikščionių Ortodoksų ir Romos-Katalikų Bažnyčių. Išnagrinėtas pavyzdys tampa prieš tai apibūdintos teorinės perspektyvos patikrinimu.

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Концепцията за „битието-дар“ в религиозно-философската система на радикалната ортодоксия
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Концепцията за „битието-дар“ в религиозно-философската система на радикалната ортодоксия

Author(s): Christina Petrova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

The article examines Radical Orthodoxy as a theological trend that goes back to the roots of Christianity in order to rethink them and use them to critique modern secularism, while presenting a clear program for radical Christianization in all spheres of human activity and in close connection with postmodernism

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