Архивните документи като инструмент в ръцете на комунистическата власт

Author(s): Anka Ignatova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2013

This report marks the beginning of two previously unexplored aspects of the history of the archive activity in Bulgaria. One is the organization of work with the documents of the created by the Communist government in 1951 dedicated archive section „Card indexes and Archiv” in the State Security of the Ministry of Interior. Other issue is related to the servicing of the repressive state apparatus with documents from the state archives, established in 1952 in the structure of the same power department. Due to the wide range of the topic, the current research is limited to the period of the late 40’s – mid 50’s of the twentieth century, which is characterized by active in connection with the search, storage and use of archival documents necessary to expose and judicial crackdown on opponents of the ruling Bulgarian Communist Party.

За групата анархисти-емигранти, действала в района на с. Павел баня, Казанлъшко, през 1953–1954 г. (по документи от ДА – В. Търново)

Author(s): Lora Doncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2013

Important place in modern historiography takes the issue of political repression and forms of resistance against the imposed communist regime in Bulgaria in the period of 1944-mid-50s of the twentieth century. The problem studied in this report focuses on participants in the group of anarchists – immigrants, acted in the region of Pavel banya, Kazanlak, at the end of 1953- the spring of 1954. The statement, based on the studies in CA-V. Tarnovo documents attempts to clarify the reasons which prompted the three anarchists (Hristo Nestorov, Doncho Karaivanov, Miliu Ivanov) to take risky action for the return to Bulgaria to participate in the resistance against the regime, to reveal new details concerning the organization missionto be presented perspective of the only survivor (D. Karaivanov) for reasons for the failure of the case started. The information in accessible documents give reason to conclude that the lack of consistent, of clear and decisive position of emigrant union to actively participate in the fight against communist rule in Bulgaria is the catalyst that accelerates the decision of three of them to explore other possibilities for the realization of the goal – return to the country and organizing a common resistance against the existing communist regime. The absence of objective information about the situation in Bulgaria among immigrants, and the weaknesses and gaps in the organization of return anarchists determine the failure of the group.

Паричната обмяна в България през 1947 г. – форма на финансова репресия

Author(s): Daniel Vachkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2013

The paper will examine the development of the financial crisis in Bulgaria during the period 1944-1947, caused by the enormous state expenditure, connected with the participation of Bulgaria in the final stage of World War II and the costs of the Soviet army in the country. In order to cope with the huge increase of money put in circulation and the increasing inflation, the Fatherland Front Government launches exchange of money. It is done in an extremely brutal way and the result is liquidation of great amount of the savings of the population. The money exchange has severe consequences both for the financial status of the Bulgarian citizens and for the entire development of the political and economic situation in the country.

Празници и ритуали на студентите във Великотърновския университет (1963–1989 г.)

Author(s): Maria Zhelyazkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2013

The report is about the holidays and rituals in the University of Veliko Turnovo between the years 1963–1989. It focuses the attention on the student holiday the holiday of the university, the spring homecoming and the torch marching. The text follows the main points in organizing and holding these events by the students in the old city. Its purpose is to distinguish those rituals-created by the young people- which go beyond the obligatory frame of the official holidayritual system and they are a tribute to the specifics of the student identity, its constants and varieties, when celebrating the dates of the student’s holiday calendar during the years of Communist regime in Bulgaria. Documents and materials from the library of the University, and oral evidence collected by the author during the held half-standardized interviews whit the University of Veliko Turnovo alumni.

Теренното етноложко иследване като фактор при определяне и изява на идентичност (по материали от експедициите на екип от ИЕФЕМ-БАН сред българите от Украйна и Молдова)

Author(s): Galin Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

The article presents the results from a long term fieldwork held in Bessarabia and Tavria. It aims to register local culture and to explore identity markers of the Bulgarian and Gagauzian diaspora. The main focus of the article is the influence of the research in the diaspora communities. The author comments on the reflection and the dynamics of the image of ‘true Bulgarian’ language, customs, etc. in diaspora communities.

Донесение швейцарской полиции о преследовании болгарских коммунистов в Фрибурге 1919 года

Author(s): Dalibor M. Elezović / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2011

The article dwells on the persecution of Bulgarian communists and other foreigners by the police in Fribourg in February and March 1919. The Federal Prosecution ordered the police force in the city to persecute the suspicious foreign residents, especially those who were suspected of spreading communist ideas. Among those who were subjected to persecution were the Bulgarian communists Kanderev, Mitev and Belchev who were considered to be a threat to the national security. Citizens of Austria, Soviet Russia, and of other European countries were also subjected to prosecution.

Исторически предпоставки за стабилизиране на военно- съдебната част до Балканските войни (1912 –1913 г.)

Author(s): Polikseniya Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2011

The article deals with the establishment and consolidation of the judicial system in the Bulgarian Armed Forces at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The author analyses the main laws and regulations concerning the military jurisprudence in the Bulgarian Principality (Kingdom, after 1908). The article traces the main stages of development of military jurisprudence as well as the practical application of the Military Penal Code.

Испанската колониална политика и местните институции в Мароко (1912–1956 г.)

Author(s): Tatyana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2011

The article dwells on the Spanish colonial policy during the first half of the 20th century. Special attention is given to the different models of colonization employed by Spain along the Mediterranean coast and in the interior of the country. The article also focuses on the functions and authority of the local institutions in the sphere of religion, law, education, and taxes

Приватнi книжковi зiбрання у контекстi бiблiотечної етнологiї (на прикладi польської спiльноти Подiлля другої половини ХIХ – початку ХХ ст.)

Author(s): Tatyana Karoeva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

The purpose of this paper is to describe the specifics of the private collections of books, such as the Polish community Podolie in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century in the context of librarian ethnology. The basis of the sources of this study is a department of rare and valuable editions of the regional scientific library in Vinica, which houses over 35 thousand books, some of which are books that have been nationalized in the post-revolutionary times by the Polish Assembly.

HEALTH SYSTEMS IN THE BALKANS AT THE END OF THE 19th AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY ON THE CASE OF BULGARIA AND SERBIA (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS)

Author(s): Alexandre Kostov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article is devoted to the establishing and functioning of the Balkan national health systems in the late 19th and early 20th centuries on the example of Bulgaria and Serbia. The comparative analysis shows that in both countries during the period in study serious measures were taken to build a modern health system and the basic indicators derived from statistics show undeniable development in this respect in both countries.

ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE FIGHT AGAINST THE BIGGEST “SOCIAL” DISEASE: FINANCING MEASURES AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS IN INTERWAR BULGARIA

Author(s): Ivaylo Nachev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article explores financial aspects of the efforts to control tuberculosis in interwar Bulgaria, including the specific roles of different stakeholders involved in the process of fighting one of the main healthcare challenges during the period. Elaborating on the dependency between the overall conditions and the spread of tuberculosis, it examines it as a “social” disease which demanded complex responses in a time of different crises and a wide prevalence of the infection. The text first looks at the evolution of the Bulgarian healthcare institutions which were focused on the problem with an emphasis of the economic aspects of their functioning. It also examines in more detail the initiatives to support the fight against the disease of the biggest voluntary organization in the field, the Society for Fight against Tuberculosis in Bulgaria.

Споменът за освободителните борби на българите във фотографията след Освобождението

Author(s): Chavdar Vetov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The liberation struggles during the Revival left a deep imprint on the collective consciousness of Bulgarian society. A process of searching for, preserving and popularizing evidence of the past of all kinds was being developed – including photographs, regarding the events and personalities related to the struggle for the liberation of the Bulgarians from the Ottoman rule. Celebrations were held, monuments were erected, historical events were re-enacted. Many of these events were photographed, thus the photographs became testimonies reflecting the desire to preserve the memory of the revolutionary struggle. The article examines photographs of buildings of historical significance, monuments, group and personal photographs of combatants, etc. They are found in various local and central archival collections. The descriptive method used shows how photographs participated in the process of preserving the historical memory of the movement for political independence and their role in the construction of national identity.

Важен принос в българската историография

Author(s): Rumyana Radkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

Book Review

Ценни източници за българската история през XIX и първата половина на XX век

Author(s): Antoaneta Kirilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

Book Review

In memoriam Проф. д.и.н. Витка Тошкова (1939–2022)

Author(s): Petya B. Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

Българското население на Перм: възникване, разселване, численост

Author(s): Alexander Chernykh,Mikhail Kamenskikh,Vladimir Klyaus,Marina Petrovna Klyaus / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

The article deals with the history of the emergence of the Bulgarian community in the Perm region, including an analysis of its migration and displacement at the end of the 20th century. The ethnic-dispersed group of Bulgarians in the Ural-Povolgaregion was formed as a result of a series of state-regulated migration campaigns. The analysis of the archival materials of the Perm State Archive for Socio-PoliticalHistory (PermGASPI) shows that a large part of Bulgarians ended up in the region as a result of forced emigration (dispossession (Dekulakization), deportation) from the territories of the Ukrainian SSR, the Moldavian SSR and the Crimean ASSR, and only several people are political emigrants from Bulgaria itself. In the text are used, in addition to archival materials, interviews containing memories of Bulgarians concerning their life in the Perm region.

Recenzii

Author(s): Paul Caravia,Mircea Stănescu,Dan Cătănuş,Ovidiu Bozgan,Vitalie Văratec,Anișoara Budici,Flori Stănescu,Alina Tudor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/1995

Reviews of: 1. Nicolai Berdiaev, Originile și sensul comunismului rus, traducere de loan Mușlea, studiu introductiv de Vasile Boari, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1994. 2. Dimitri Volkogonov, Le vrai Lénine. D'après les archives secrètes soviétiques, traduit de l'anglais par Serge Quandruppani et Dimitri Sesemann, Robert Laffont, Paris, 1995, 465 p. 3. Michaël Voslensky, Les nouveaux secrets de la Nomenklatura, traduit du russe pari Michel Secinski et Pierre Lorrain, Paris, Plon, 1995, 453 p. 4. Stephen Fischer - Galați, Europa de Est și războiul rece. Percepții și I perspective, traducere de Luiza Pârvu, Dan Popescu și Florin Tecuceanu, Institutul European, lași, 1996. 5. Anatol Petrencu, Relațiile românoitaliene: de la confruntare la colaborare 1945-1985, Universitas, Chișinău, 1993, 216 p. 6. Verigi. Almanah istoric,Tom. I, Progres Phenix Atheneu, Moscova, 1991. 7. Ghiță Ionescu, Comunismul în România, Traducere din limba engleză de Ion Stanciu, Editura Libero, București, 1994. 8. Viorel Marineasa, Daniel Vighi, Rusalii ’51. Fragmente din deportarea în Bărăgan, Studiu istoric (Postfață) de Viorel Screciu, Editura Marineasa, Timișoara, 1994. 9. Eugen Măgirescu, Moara dracilor Amintiri din închisoarea de la Pitești,Cuvânt înainte de Remus Radina,. Editura Fronde, Alba lulia i Paris, 1994. 10. Memoria ca formă de justiție. Comunicări prezentate la Seminarul de la Sighetul Marmației(10-12 iunie 1994), Alianța Civică-Departamentul de Istorie Orală, 1994. 11. Gabriel Țepelea, Amintiri și evocări. Editura Fundației Culturale Române, București, 1994. 12. Ion Antohe, Răstigniri în România după lalta, Editura Albatros, București, 1995. 13. Nae lonescu, Fenomenului legionar, introducere și epilog de Constantin Papanace, Antet XX Press, București, 1993. 14. Horia Sima, Menirea naționalismului, Editura Vremea Imex, București, 1993. 15. Larry L. Watts, O Casandră a României. Ion Antonescu și lupta pentru reformă (1918-1942), traducere dè Liliana Pop și Virgil Stanciu, Editura Fundației Culturale Române, București, 1993. 16. Faust Brădescu, Studii legionare postbelice, Editura Gordian, Timișoara, 1994. 17. Ideea care ucide. Dimensiunile ideologiei legionare, Editura Noua Alternativă, București, 1994. 18. Radu loanid, Sabia Arhanghelului Mihail. Ideologia fascistă în România, Editura Diogene, București, 1994. 19. Nae Ionescu, Suferința rasei albe, Ediție îngrijită de Dan Ciachir, Editura Timpul, . lași, 1994. 20. Horia Sima, Istoria Mișcării Legionare, Editura Gordian, Timișoara, 1994. 21. Mihail Sturdza, România și sfârșitul Europei. Amintiri din țara pierdută, Editura Fronde, Alba lulia - Paris, 1994. 22. Kurt W. Treptow, Gh. Buzatu, "Procesul” lui C. Z. Codreanu (Mai,1938), lași, 1994. 23. Cristian Troncotă, Eugen Cristescu, asul serviciilor secrete românești, cu o prefață de dr. Dan Zamfirescu, Editura Roza Vânturilor, București, 1994. 24. Stelian Bălănescu, Ion 'X Solacolu, Inconsistența miturilor: Cazul Mișcării Legionare, Editura Polirom, lași, 1995. 25. V. Blănaru-Flamură, Generalul Antonescu în cămașă verde legionară, Editura Sepro SRLK, colecția Iconar, în colaborare cu Fundația Culturală Buna Vestire, București, 1995. 26. C. Z. Codreanu, Însemnări de la Jilava, ediție îngrijită de Radu Dan Vlad, “Cuvânt înainte” de Horia Sima, Editura Majadahonda, București, 1995. 27. Nicu Crăcea, Dezvăluiri legionare, Editura Fundației “Bunavestire", București, 1995. 28. Z. Ornea, Anii'30. Extrema dreaptă românească, Editura Fundației Culturale Române, București, 1995. 29. Nicolae C. Paulescu, Instincte, patimi și conflicte, Text îngrijit, introducere, repere bio-bibliografice, note și comentarii de Răzvan Codrescu, Fundația k Anastasia, București, 1995. 30. Nicolae Petrașcu, Din viața legionară, Cuvânt înainte de Horia Sima și o postfață de Sebastian Mocanu, Editura Majadahonda, București, 1995. 31. Grigore Traian-Pop, Garda, Căpitanul și Arhanghelul din cer. O istorie obiectivă a mișcării legionare, vol. I, Editura Eurovia, București, 1995. 32. George Popescu, Un filosof al istoriei: Horia Sima, Editura Majadahonda, București, 1995. 33. Horia Sima, Doctrina legionară Ediție îngrijită de Radu Dan Vlad, studiu introductiv de Mircea Nicolau, Editura Majadahonda, București, 1995. 34. Horia Sima, Sfârșitul unei domnii sângeroase, Editura Gordian, Timișoara, 1995. 35. Horia Sima, Era Libertății. Statuï Național-Legionar, voi.I-II, Editura Gordian, Timișoara, 1995. 36. Leon Volovici, Ideologia naționalistă și «problema evreiască» în România anilor '30, Editura Humanitas, București, 1995. 37. Eugen Weber, Dreapta românească, traducere, studiu introductiv și note de Achim Mihu Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1995.

Recenzii

Author(s): Paul Caravia,Dumitru Șandru,Mircea Stănescu,Flori Stănescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/1994

Reviews of: 1. Francis Fukuyama, Sfârșitul istoriei și ultimul om, traducere de Mihaela Eftimiu, Editura Paideia, București, 1994. 2. Ștefan Bellu, Pădurea răzvrătită - Mărturii ale rezistenței anticomuniste, Editura Gutinul, Baia Mare, 1993. 3. Alexandr Zinoviev, Homo Sovieticus, traducere de Andi Ștefănescu, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1991. 4. Alain Besançon, Anatomia unui spectru. Economia politică a socialismului real, traducere de Mona Antohi și Sorin Antohi , Editura Humanitas, București, 1992 . 5. Ghiță lonescu, Investigarea comparativă a politicii comuniste, traducere de Radu Paraschivescu, Editura Humanitas, București, 1992. 6. Ghiță lonescu și Isabel de Madariaga, Opoziția. Trecutul și prezentul unei instituții politice, traducere de Valeriu Mihăilă, Editura Humanitas, București, 1992. 7. Alain Besançon, Originile intelectuale ale leninismului, traducere de Lucreția Văcar, Editura Humanitas, București, 1993. 8. Zbigniew Brzezinski, Marele eșec. Nașterea și moartea comunismului în secolul douăzeci, traducere de Marius Jucan, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1993. 9. Friedrich Hayek, Drumul către servitute, traducere de Eugen B. Marian, Editura Humanitas, București, 1993. 10. Karl Raimund Popper, Societatea deschisă și dușmanii ei. vol. I Vraja lui Platon, vol. II Epoca marilor profeții: Hegel și Marx, traducere de Dragan Stoianovici, Editura Humanitas, București, 1993. 11. Françoise Thom, Limba de lemn, traducere de Mona Antohi, Editura Humanitas, București, 1993. 12. Hannah Arendt, Originile totalitarismului, traducere de Ion Dur și Mircea Ivănescu, Editura Humanitas, București, 1994. 13. François Châtelet și Éveline Pisier, Concepțiile politice ale secolului XX, traducere de Mircea Boari și Cristian Preda, Editura Humanitas, București, 1994. 14. Virgil Ierunca, Fenomenul Pitești, Editura Humanitas, București, 1991. 15. Ion Ioanid, închisoarea noastră cea de toate zilele, vol. l, 1949, 1952-1954, Editura Albatros, București, 1991. 16. Nicolae Mărgineanul, Amfiteatre și închisori (Mărturii asupra unui veac zbuciumat), Ediție îngrijită și studiu introductiv de Voicu Lăscuș, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1991. 17. Oana Orlea, ia-ți boarfele și mișcă, Interviu realizat de Mariana Marin, în Franța - iulie 1990, Editura Cartea Românească, București, 1991. 18. Marcel Petrișor, Memorii, I, Fortul 13. Convorbiri din detenție, Editura Meridiane, București, 1991. 19. N. Steinhardt, Jurnalul fericirii, Notă asupra ediției și Postfață de Virgil Ciomoș, Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1991. 20. Andrei Șerbulescu. The Dialectic Law Monarchy. The Second Version of Zither's Memoirs, Humanitas, București, 1991. 21. închisoarea din Sighet acuză, Omagiu de Prof. dr. Valeriu Achim, Editura Gutinul, Baia Mare, 1991. 22. Constantin Cesianu, Salvat din infern, traducere din limba franceză de Maria Alexe, Editura Humanitas, București, 1992. 23. Nistor Chioreanu, Morminte vii, Ediție îngrijită, Prefață și Note de Marius Cristian, Institutul European lași, lași,1992. 24. Andrei Ciurunga, Memorii optimiste. Evocări și versuri din închisori, editura Fundației Culturale Române, București, 1992. 25. Lena Constante, Evadarea tăcută. 3000 de zile singură în închisorile din România, în versiunea românească a autoarei, Editura Humanitas, București, 1992.

Залесяването в околностите на Копривщица от 1904 до 1944 година

Author(s): Rayna Vilarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The problem of afforestation on the area of Koprivshtitsa is not researched by historians, which makes it an interesting topic for investigation. The recent unscrupulous act of deforestation in the area of Koprivshtitsa brings to light the necessity of pine tree zone around the town. The main purpose of the present publication is to track the stages of the afforestation process in Koprivshtitsa from 1904 to 1944; to summarize the motives of local people who embarked on the first afforestation actions; to explain the benefits of afforesting the eroded soil, and to consider afforestation in Koprivshtitsa as a concrete example of the implementation of the state policy undertaken by the Ministry of Trade and Agriculture. The long-term goal of afforestation in Koprivshtitsa was to improve the climate as well as the appearance of the settlement, turning it into a small mountain resort and improving the living conditions of the local population.

Съвременното икономическо развитие в обучението по история и цивилизации в IX клас

Author(s): Georgi Yakimov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The article aims to examine the role of textbooks on history and civilizations for the 9th grade in the acquisition of knowledge about modern economic life, the assimilation of economic ideas and concepts that form the economic literacy of students. The textbooks are examined, analyzed and compared with regard to the above purpose. The article draws attention to those of them that present ideas, policies and personalities in the field of economics that had a strong impact in the 20th century. The textbooks present the good examples that contribute to the orientation of the students in the complex economic life of Modernity. The economic knowledge of young people is an important part of their civic culture, which will ensure their successful inclusion in the economic and social life of Bulgarian society.