Partidul Comunist Român - continuatorul pe o treaptă superioară al rădăcinii socialiste revoluționare
Propaganda paper about the Romanian Communist Party - the successor to a superior stage of the revolutionary socialist roots.
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Propaganda paper about the Romanian Communist Party - the successor to a superior stage of the revolutionary socialist roots.
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Article promoting communist ideology about the activity of the Romanian Communist Party for mobilizing the peasant masses in the anti-fascist struggle, 1934-1940.
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Walter Benjamin’s essay “Paris, Capital of the Nineteenth Century” exists in two versions, the first written in May 1935, the second in March 1939. Neither text was published until long after his death—at his own hand, by a morphine overdose, in the little Catalan border town of Port Bou on the night of 25 September 1940. The German-Jewish critic had fled France, where he had been living as a refugee since Adolf Hitlers rise to power in 1933, only to be informed on his arrival in Spain that he would be returned the next day to almost certain deportation to a Nazi concentration camp. Both versions of the expose (as Benjamin called it) were written to solicit support from American sources—the German emigres who had reestablished the Frankfurt Institute of Social Research at Columbia University in 1934, and the New York banker Frank Altschul—for the monumental project upon which he had been engaged since 1917.
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Together with his second wife Jacqueline Lamba (who inspired Mad Love, one of Breton’s greatest prose works, written between 1934 and 1936) and his fellow-poet Paul Éluard, the founder of surrealism had just returned from two weeks in the Bohemian capital in March-April 1935. The surrealists stayed at the art nouveau Hotel Paris (Hotel Paříž), just behind the Municipal House in the Old Town. On 27 March Breton lectured on “The Surrealist Situation of the Object” to over 700 people at the new Mánes Artists’ Society galleries, where the Czechoslovak Surrealist Group’s first exhibition had ended just two weeks earlier.
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The Iron Curtain may have been drawn back in 1989–1991, but you wouldn’t know it to read much of the commentary on the Czech parliamentary elections – and much recent commentary on ‘Eastern Europe’ more generally. Much attention has been lavished on comparing Czech politician Andrej Babiš to Viktor Orban, Jaroslaw Kaczynski, Donald Trump and, more plausibly, to Silvio Berlusconi, but this has obscured deeper problems in western analyses of the region. Many of the sins laid at the door of central and eastern Europeans are no less prevalent in western countries, but this is too often lost amidst enduring Cold War stereotypes.
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La militarisation du sud de la Transylvanie, commencée en 1762, contraint les habitants à se convertir à la dénomination gréco-catholique. Parce que la plupart d'entre eux ont refusé, ils ont été expulsés, y compris ceux de Vestem. Ces derniers ont dû s'installer dans les localités voisines, la plupart à Avrig et Sadu et certains ont émigré en Valachie.
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Shpallja e Pavarësisë më 28 nëntor 1912 shënon një ngjarje të rëndësishme në historinë tonë kombëtare. Ajo qe një fitore e arritur me gjak e sakrifica të panumurta, me përpjekje të paprera të bëra nga të parët tanë me një atdhedashuri të rrallë dhe devotshmëri të pashoqe për çlirim kombëtar e shoqëror. Për këtë rrugë heroike dëshmojnë, në mënyrën e vet, edhe këngët e popullit. Të ngritura në flakën e ngjarjeve nga rapsodë që shpeshherë kanë qenë pjesëtarë aktivë në zhvillimin e tyre, këto këngë përbëjnë një kronikë të gjallë poetike si të vetë ngjarjeve ashtu edhe të aspiratave dem okratike të masave punonjëse. Shoku Enver Hoxha në përshëndetjen historike të 40-vjetorit të çlirimit, midis të tjerash ka theksuar: -«Historia jote e madhërishme, о popull heroik, është shkruar me gjak e me djersë dhe kënduar brez pas brezi nga ti vetë. Këngët e tua përshkruajnë me besnikëri historinë tënde të madhe, ato u thurin himn trim ërisë, qëndresës, besës e bujarisë, jetës në zhvillimin e saj të harmonishëm, zakoneve, dokeve, kostumeve»* Dhe në të vërtetë këngët e popullit në tërësinë e tyre, form ojnë një përm endore të madhërishm e të revoltës së kombit kundër çdo lloj shtypjeje e shfrytëzim i kombëtar e shoqëror.
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1. Mbi veprimtarinë kerkimore-shkencore te institutit te kultures popullore gjate vitit 1982; 2. Rreth veprimtarise së berthames shkencore të kulturës popullorenë shkodër gjatë vitit 1982; 3. Sesion shkencor kushtuar 250-vjetorit te themelimit të kolegjit arbëresh të shën-adrianit; 4. Takim me lexuesit; 5. Ekspozita «Veshje popullore të rrethit të Tiranës»; 6. Sesion shkencor mbi kulturën popullore të zones se shpatit; 7. Revistës «iliria» i jepet medalja e artë nga akademia nderkombëtare e lutesës; 8. Sesion shkencor në institutin e historisë
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Dans cet article j’analyse les problèmes suivants : les 100 ans du courant européo-régionaliste ; les deux faces de la médaille fédéraliste ; le cube politique et son arrête fédéraliste; l’utopie fédéraliste : l’unité dans la diversité et l’interrogation: vers l’Europe des Etats ?
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Review of: STOLARIK, M. Mark. WHERE IS MY HOME? SLOVAK IMMIGRATION TO NORTH AMERICA (1870 – 2010) [Kde je môj domov? Slovenské vysťahovalectvo do Severnej Ameriky (1870 – 2010)]. Bern : Peter Lang 2012, 392 s. ISBN 9783034311694.
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The paper indirectly continues the discussion on the pages of the Historical Journal on the relationship between history and politics against the background of identification of the anti-communist struggle in Slovakia after 1989. In the introduction,the author points to the frivolous manipulation of the terms anti-communist struggle or fighter in social and historical discourse, which was also reflected in the so-called memory legislation in Slovakia. Vague use of terminology in the memory legislation created a dangerous precedent, which enables the granting of the now positive status of anti-communist fighter also to members of pro-Nazi repressive military units operating in Slovakia after the outbreak of the Slovak National Uprising,and to open supporters of the other Ľudák totalitarian regime. The paper documents the complexity of the problem in the framework of a comparative approach,with regard to the disputes on the theme of the anti-communist struggle in the Czech Republic, where discussion strikes against similar problems to those in Slovakia, but the interpretation and methodology is undoubtedly a step more advanced. The author does not end his considerations with unambiguous conclusions.Instead of this, he outlines the more widely conceived fields of discussion,through which a polemical dialogue needs to be carried on in his view.
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Is it worth exporting corn and fodder in exchange for toys and cosmetics? It was a question Gheorghiu-Dej of Romania asked himself, when confronted with increasing East German demands for agricultural exports. He was keen on overcoming underdevelopment through a vast program of industrialization in order to overcome the status of a predominantly agricultural country but he perceived his CMEA partners to be opposing this prospect. In the context of increasing economic difficulties in the Soviet bloc in the early 1960s, an idea was circulated that specialization would help increase efficiency so that Socialist countries could successfully compete on Western markets. But the meaning of specialization appeared different for each country: Gheorghiu-Dej thought that Romania deserved an equal status with other more developed nations of the Soviet bloc, but it soon became clear to him that they had different views. His perception was that the East Germans and Czechoslovaks wanted Romania to remain a provider of agricultural products and hold off its industrialization plans, but he could not accept that. This study argues that intra-CMEA competition between developed and less developed member countries played a major role in compromising the reforms planed by Moscow in the early 1960s.
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In 1880 was founded the History and Archaeology Society of Hunedoara County which the main objective was to investigate the relics of the past. One of the main goals of this endeavour was the establishment of a museum, in order to gather the different categories of artefacts which spoke of the past of Hunedoara’s lands. The members of the Society wished that those items would be scientifically valorised through presentations and articles, but, at the same time, that they would be exhibited towards the public. Throughout its existence, the Society’s Museum had three directors, active members of the Society with a remarkable scientific activity: Téglás Gábor (1880-1903), Mailand Oszkár (1903-1913) and Mallász József (1913-1920, 1920-1933).After the Great War, the herytage of Society passed to the newly founded county museum.
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The Petroşani „Uzina Electrică” Company was a private enterprise created in the beginning of the XXth century, with the aim of leasing the distribution of electric power produced by the Lonea State Mines’ Power Plant, situated in the north of the Petroşani commune. The electric power bought by the Petroşani „Uzina Electrică” Company from the Power Plant would be used between 1906-1944 for public lighting, but also for electrifying private and public institutions, various enterprises, stores and workshops, and also a steadily-rising number of homes from the Petroşani, Livezeni, Iscroni and Vulcan communes.
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The review of: Xavier Bougarel, Nadživjeti carstva. Islam, nacionalni identitet i politička lojalnost u Bosni i Hercegovini. Sarajevo: Udruženje za modernu historiju / Udruga za modernu povijest, 2020, 408.
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In this article, we reveal, through a stylometric reading, characteristics of Coelho Neto’s style in Miragem (1895). In addition, we compare the style of the writer with the style of three contemporary writers: Aluísio Azevedo, O Cortiço (1890); Adolfo Caminha, Bom-Crioulo (1895); and Machado de Assis, Dom Casmurro (1900). The research methodology adopted in this study is supported by stylometry (Brandão, 2006, Cúrcio, 2006, 2007, 2013, Freitas, 2007, Paiva, 2013, Assis, 2013 and Silva, 2014) and dialogues, whenever possible, with the literary criticism directed to Coelho Neto and his work, mainly in relation to his style. Among our findings, we have found that the uses of adjectives, verbs, and adverbs in Coelho Neto’s criticism of the composition of his style are apparently normal when compared to the style of other writers.
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The article focuses on the intertextual presence of Polish writers in Leonardo Sciascia’s work. Highlighted in this context is the possible influence on the Sicilian writer of the peculiar expression of “dissent” by writers such as Sienkiewicz, Brandys and Lec. The article closes with a brief comparison between the protagonists of Il cavaliere e la morte by Sciascia and Odpocznij po biegu (Rest after run) by Terlecki, both restless investigators disobedient to the authorities.
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In the end of the XX - beginning of the XXI century the world became familiar with global and national changes. At present, any society is faced with problems arising in the context of coexistence of various subcultures inherent in different ethnic groups living in a common territory. As a result, studies devoted to the relationship between different ethnic groups and confessions, the problems of mutual respect, tolerance and multiculturalism are acquiring special relevance. The territory of the modern Azerbaijan Republic has been a place of settlement for many peoples since ancient times. Being a multiethnic state, Azerbaijan is home to a number ethnic groups - Udins, Khinaligs, Budugs, Lezgins, Tats, Talysh, Ingiloy, Gryz and other small peoples who live compactly in the country to this day. The article shows a specific feature of the tolerance prevailing in the Republic of Azerbaijan. There are have always been strong traditions of tolerance and mutual respect among different ethnic and religious communities. These traditions have been further fostered and strengthened since Azerbaijan regained its independence. The government constantly meets with the leaders of religious communities and displays interest in their problems and needs. Azerbaijan often hosts international conferences and meetings of religious representatives. Our country has established its own model of interfaith dialogue and religious tolerance. Due to the national and cultural diversity existing in Azerbaijan, the atmosphere of tolerance in Azerbaijan is always at the highest level. Our Motherland is famous as a multinational and multi-confessional country. Today, the state policy, which is successfully implemented in the Republic of Azerbaijan, is aimed at preserving this cultural, linguistic and ethnic diversity. We have the right to be proud that in terms of spiritual values our country occupies a leading position in this area and is perceived by the peoples of the world as an irreplaceable example.
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The history of Romanian medicine is lacking in sources so it will be very difficult to present different careers. This is the case of civillian doctors and also military ones, that were involved in the many conflicts of the XXth century. In this regard, their personal journals, that depict their brave actions in saving the lifes of enlisted men, are invaluable. This is the story of doctor Toma Moraru, a participant in the Eastern and Western campaings of the Romanian Army, during World War II.
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The article discusses the issue of changes introduced into reprints of pre-1955 American comics in order to adapt them to requirements of the Comic Code. Pre-1955 American comic books are characterized as “rebellious” — challenging norms and aesthetic rules of contemporary America – and the activities of Comic Code Administration as a form of their pacification. What follow next is a presentation of main strategies of adaptation of pre-1955 comics to the requirements of the Comic Code identified on the basis of analysis of fifty reprints. In the last part the author compares the original and reprinted versions of three comics books stories, shows how dramatically the plot of stories could change due to introduction of prescriptions of the Comic Code Administration.
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