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Cross-curricular links in the process of teaching English as a foreign language to young learners are discussed in the article. Some useful techniques, strategies and activities for developing key competencies for lifelong learning are listed.
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Scholars who study the mages of China produced in Western travel writing throughout history, have noticed that their ‘nature’ is cyclical. Individual variability aside, there are powerful cultural and economic factors that influence Western writers and stimulate them to produce images which – sometimes unbeknownst to the writers themselves – follow an imagological pattern, characteristic of the particular historical period. It is not coincidental that the Western imagological tradition – as it relates to China – is sometimes divided into separate periods, according to the general Western disposition towards the Middle Kingdom – the period of reverence, the period of contempt, the period of benevolence etc. The present paper explores and provides examples of this cyclicity.
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This article deals with many crucial aspects of globalisation related to language as basic means of communication. The changes of the international status of some languages, historically and currently, serve as evidence that people have always strived for a common language that would facilitate economic, political, scientific, cultural and everyday communication outside a specific language area. There are various factors which come into play for a certain language to take a leading role in communication for wider regions, as well as for the current world “language”order where English has become the language for international dealings. Standard Chinese, Pǔtōnghuà, is steadily becoming the dominant means of communication in Asia and other areas. Knowledge of communication situations through universal and specific cultural matrices, encoded in language, is becoming a necessity and a prerequisite for successful business relations.
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The article presents data about the inheritors of the Old Bulgarian Prayers for Every Occasion which are known to scholars thanks to the Glagolitic Euchologium Sinaiticum from the 10th century. They were discovered in the manuscript prayer- and divine service books kept in the Zograf library on Mount Athos. The respective euchological texts are described in the manuscripts in chronological order by century; they are identified in accordance with their Glagolitic prototypes and their Greek parallels are given.
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Intercultural literary studies in the field of literary scholarship represent a research perspective with a specific theoretical and methodological profile, which is based on two prerequisites: 1) cultural differences can be important in the study and perception of literature, and 2) literature and its reception can reveal these relative differences. In this way culture is interpreted as a category of differentiation, but also as a productive source of exchange, contact, dissemination and integration. Intercultural literary research focuses on specific issues concerning the creation and perception of the literary text, as well as the didactic and methodological aspects of acquiring intercultural competence through it. Literary texts lead, on one hand, to enrichment, curiosity and excitement in students, and, on the other, to the diversification of methodological techniques in foreign language teaching. Literary texts can motivate students and foster their personal development through new methods that not only encourage them to speak, but also inform them about the culturally specific point of view, through the content of the text.
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The article examines the role of the synchronous approach as a basic prerequisite for refined falsifiability in the study of the histories of the national literary languages on the territory of the Slavia Orthodoxa cultural-linguistic community. Its possible role in the study of literary-linguistic history as a component of the historical approach to language in the context of the theory and methodology of Imre Lakatos’ research programs is also analyzed
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The present study examines the manifestation of some functional substitution processes occurring with the French vowels [e], [ɛ] and with the Bulgarian vowel [e] in the oral practice of the French and Bulgarian languages. The aim of the research is not only to describe the observed processes, but also to establish the substitutes of the vowels under discussion, the phonetic factors determining the substitution course and the pronunciation tendency it leads to in both languages.
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Wisława Szymborska is considered an artist in whose poetry the ekphrasis plays a key role. Szymborska wrote numerous works that fall into this context as a genre linking literature and the fine arts, and representing a literary description of a painting. Among Shimborska’s favorite artists are Vermeer, Rubens, Bruegel and Hiroshige Utagawa.
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The article analyzes the artistic features of the best film adaptations of several works by Ivan Vazov – the novel Under the Yoke and the novellas Characters and Outcasts. It also examines the dialogue between the literary original and the scripts, the cinematic means of expression and the literary techniques. The paper also discusses the director’s concepts and acting achievements in the respective film adaptations.
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The present research is aiming at the investigation of the distributional, syntactic and paradimatic features of Old Russian (OR) discourse clitics. Clitics constitute a special class in OR, as despite the relative free word order, their position is fixed in the clause. From the three types of OR enclitics (discourse, pronominal and auxiliary) the least attention has been paid to discourse clitics. An investigation of their frequency, distributional properties and role in the information structure of OR clauses by corpus linguistic methods could provide new perspectives for the research of OR word order as well.
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Eponyms play an important role in the terminology system of every language. In the sphere of medicine, they emerged for the first time in the 16th–17th century. Clinical eponyms came into view a little later, in 19th century, but their number is permanently increasing. The present research focuses on Bulgarian eponyms derived from a toponym in the field of medicine and the knowledge domain connected with it. In order to classify these eponyms, they are divided into several major groups in accordance with the basic toponym for their coining, the thematic category for their sphere of usage, and the principles of their formation. Eponyms are still an interesting linguistic area for scholarly investigation due to their universal use as terms. That is why discussions about their formation and classification are of great importance.
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The article explores the relation of Gerald Durrell’s 1979 short story “The Entrance”, published in a collection titled “The Picnic and Suchlike Pandemonium”, to the concept of the uncanny, as it appears in Sigmund Freud’s work “The Uncanny” (1919). I first discuss Freud’s account of the concept, highlighting the main points in his theory, and then I subject certain points of the narrative in “The Entrance” to an analysis in an attempt to show that the story provides numerous illustrations of the Freudian concept of the uncanny.
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This article explores some of the aspects of the ‘women-as-witches’ stereotype in the literary works of J. K. Rowling and Terry Pratchett, while focusing on both the subversion of the stereotype and its reinforcement. The focus of my work is on the depiction of this type of gender profiling in a fantastic setting and imagined societies, while drawing a parallel with the real world. I first focus on a brief outline of the historical and cultural significance of the stereotype, followed by a discussion of its literary aspects in J. K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series and Terry Pratchett’s “Wyrd Sisters” novel.
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In the current educational situation, the development of intercultural communicative competences in English language is of key importance. Motivation to master English is a condition for the successful development of young people at home and abroad. Students have difficulties in learning a foreign language, and they experience hesitant motivation and resistance in their learning efforts in English classes. This scholarly article aims to present a research, interactive methods and approaches that will serve to motivate students in junior high school.
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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a great systematic project and the implementation of BRI has brought broader development prospects for the countries (regions) along the route. Language support is the guarantee for the realization of BRI. According to statistics, the countries along the Belt and Road are rich in language resources with a wide range of languages in nine major language families. Through a brief description of the language policies in the BRI countries and an analysis of the language education development, this paper summarizes the current challenges facing language education and offers constructive suggestions on how to address the language issues under the BRI framework.
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Learning motivation provides a long-lasting driving force for students to make continuous efforts in the process of language learning. Earlier literature related to Chinese learning motivation shows the imbalance of research in which the Eastern European country Bulgaria has been rarely involved. This article further expands the data sample on the basis of previous research and performs a more in-depth and comprehensive study on Chinese language learning motivation of Bulgarian students. The results demonstrate that the Chinese learning motivation of Bulgarian students is relatively strong in general. There are five motivation types: learning situation motivation, integrative motivation, instrumental motivation, achievement-oriented motivation, and external-pressure motivation. Individual factors include gender, age and different learning phases (pre-learning and post-learning). Several suggestions for enhancing the students’ Chinese learning motivation are put forward for the reference of Chinese teachers in order to obtain better teaching results
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This paper examines the country- and language-specific perception of Bulgarian lexical terms related to being sly/cunning. The experimental method of the study is based on semantic analysis and survey. The analyzed phrases and words show that the Bulgarian lexical terms related to being sly/cunning have mainly positive connotations in the Bulgarians’ perception and mentality.
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