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Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this paper analyses power play, speech strategies, and speech impact in Harold Pinter’s one-act play Mountain Language (1988), in which prison officials exercise power over inmates and their visitors through various tactics of control and subjugation. The paper’s methodological framework of corpus analysis is founded upon the linguistic features of police speak in the English language (a hybrid genre of spoken language police officers use when interrogating suspects), which, we propose, permeates the discourse in Mountain Language. The paper first reflects on discourses on/of power as observed in literary theory, then examines discursive strategies in the play, to illustrate speech impact caused by “conduct-regulating persuasion” and linguistic features of verbal violence. It also reflects on the concept of the persuasive power of discourse, in terms of the impact it may have on the mindset and behaviour of the interlocutor(s).
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The SEND‐NP‐V‐ING‐PP construction, the transitive variant of the V‐V‐ING‐OBL pattern, also incorporates the Goal of Motion (cf. Dragan 2016b). According to Talmy (1985; 2000), the Goal of Motion is favored by speakers of Germanic languages to describe motion events, but it is not generally available in Romance, where motion is typically expressed by Path verbs and optional PPs, and Manner is omitted. Building on Talmy's claims, the article explores the compensation strategies selected to translate the SEND‐NP‐V‐ING‐PP construction from English into Romanian and relates the resulting syntactic structures to his theory of lexicalization patterns. It is shown that, at least in the translation of narratives, Talmy's lexicalization pattern for Romance is the exception rather than the rule as Manner is frequently translated to preserve the visual dynamism of the scenes.
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Metaphor in political discourse has been described as a device for persuasion and providing legitimacy for political action. Besides these roles, however, Andreas Musolff draws attention to the dialogic potential of metaphors in public discourse when used as variations of universally accepted metaphorical frames applied and tailored in accordance with the specific ideologies, attitudes, and values of the discourse community addressed. Such subcategories, named scenarios, not only convey the target domain in terms more familiar to the audience, but they also invite evaluation and assessment on the part of the audience. In this role, metaphors, and their subcategories, and scenarios, allow the expression of alternative viewpoints and particular perspectives within the frame of a public debate. This study proposes to track such reformulations in Hungarian and Romanian political discourse during the migrant crisis in 2015 concerning the CONTAINER metaphor. Conceptualizations of various discourse communities as containers are common in political discourse, circumscribing the ingroup as homogenous and compact, entailing elements like boundaries and possibilities of approach or, on the contrary, keeping away outside elements. In the concrete situation of the migrant crisis, entailments like closing or opening borders or conditions on crossing that border are common features. The corpus is composed of declarations from Romanian President Klaus Iohannis and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán related to events that occurred during the crisis, not only formulating attitudes and positioning toward the migrants but also towards the European Union and its policies regarding the issue. The metaphor scenarios are traceable in these speeches are means of self-presentation, defining the role and the position assumed by the two countries as members of the organization.
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The article explores some of the major theoretical and critical tendencies that follow the problems surrounding autobiographical studies, as well as other genres of the life writing during the last decades. The study is based on those subject-specific arguments and objectives that are archetypal for life writing, namely self-knowledge and contextualizing in the world, and offers a short historical overview of the practices of examining personal identity, among which we find examples of life writing that are not meant to be published, but represent a way of self-confirmation for the subject. The study also raises the question of drawing the line of demarcation between autobiographical and pseudo-autobiographical writings – a question that is fundamental to the common use of terms like “autobiography”, as well as juxtaposing fiction and reality (or fiction and document). Focusing on the changeable nuances of the taxonomy itself and considering both the conceptualization and the concepts that researches like Lejeune, de Man, Starobinski, Gusdorf, Dubrovski, Abbott, Beaujour, and Maran use to denote life writing, the article formulates the archetypal paradoxes in defining intimacy, and delineates the difficulties that other studies face when dealing with life writing in general.
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Review of: Frančeska Liebmann, Kulturemi u romanima Ive Andrića. Analiza njemačkih i engleskih prijevoda, Durieux, Zagreb, 2022.
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The article presents the dictionary entry booster, which was additionally incorporated into the Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech. One of its meanings, ‘a dose of a vaccine that increases or renews the effect of an earlier one,’ has expanded in Czech rather widely in connection with the covid pandemic; however, four other meanings of this lexeme were identified on the basis of data from the Czech National Corpus. First the semantic structure of the entry is introduced, then I focus on how users of Czech orient themselves to the fact that the lexeme is a neologism.
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The bilingual process is widely observed among many people and many cultures. Out of the many different forms of bilingualism, the form of bilingualism that most often appears is the subsequent one, being the result of learning a second language in school settings. When developing this type of bilingualism, both the language competences of language teachers and the quality of their teaching talent are very important. In order to assess this type of interdependence, a study that focuses on the teachers’ skills and competences, on the one hand, and the impact L2 teachers have on students, on the other hand, was designed. The study involved 50 teachers and 100 students taught by them, all of them attending vocational secondary schools in southern Poland. All participants of the study (i.e. both the teachers and the students) were to answer six verification questions included in the Matura exam 2018. The results obtained during the research indicate the existence of an interdependence between the actual level of proficiency of foreign language (FL) teachers and the final evel of L2 proficiency presented by their students. Generally, the students led by language teachers with a higher overall level of communicative competence showed an overall better command of English in the survey.
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The article aims to show how the sixteenth-century Life of Antony the Roman engages in the process of re-codification of memory; it does so, following the loss of independence in 1478, to express Novgorod’s claim to an identity then eclipsed by that of Moscow. The Life borrows arguments from the Epistle of the monk Filofej, reiterated in the later Tale of the White Klobuk. Both the Epistle and Tale rely on the translatio imperii, the first from Rome to Constantinople and Moscow, the latter from Rome, to Constantinople and Novgorod; in the Life the same argument affirms Novgorod’s role as the unique depository of the Orthodox faith since the 12th century.
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Poetry by Aladin Lukač: “POGREŠNA STRANA”, “BILA JE LIJEPA”, “KATRAN U OKVIRIMA ZJENICA”, “SANJAO SAM”, “PJESNIK”.
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Poem by Salahudin Dino Burdžović: “EL FATIHA ZA LEGITIMNI VOJNI CILJ”.
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Poetry by Faiz Softić: “UMRIJETI U SARAJEVU”, “MJESTO RANJAVANJA”, “PTICE U KUĆI”, “ORAČ”, “SPAVAJ, OGNJENE”, “U DOBA KORONE”, “BEZAZLENI JANJCI”.
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Esteemed American poet and translator Richard Howard (1929–2022) won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1970 for his groundbreaking book 𝑈𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠, a collection of dramatic mono¬logues with the epistolary mode at its center. Originally and most deeply indebted to the dramatic monologues of Robert Browning, Howard’s work is also heavily influenced by novels in the great European tradition, by his deep immersion in European history, and by European literary culture in general. Howard’s witty, learned, ingenious persona poems advance the art of the epistolary in significant ways. For one, they demonstrate that a writer can establish his own idiosyncratic voice by assuming the voices of others. Moreover, Howard’s concentration on personas constitutes a counterbalance to the predominance of the Confessional mode in American poetry, highlighting the significance of his achievement. 𝑈𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠, published in 1969, arrived precisely at the time when the Confessional rose to prominence. As the tide of Confessional poets swept across the American literary landscape–carrying along with it its often-frivolous devotion to the contem¬porary, especially American popular culture–Howard’s poems relentlessly explore the lives of important figures of the nineteenth century and are unapologetically enamored of European high culture. Richard Howard’s poetry constitutes a rebuttal of Confessionalism, to wit, that “other people do in fact exist.”
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