„{Help desk} pilnie poszukiwany!”- Współczesne anglicyzmy w nazwach zawodów (na podstawie anonsów prasowych)

Author(s): Małgorzata Paszko / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 52/2007

The aim of the present paper is to present contemporary Anglicisms which describe names of jobs. The material basis for the research were 2006 editions of Gazeta Wyborcza’s Jobs Supplement. The distinguishing of a separate class of lexemes among a couple of thousands of names enabled to indicate trends in the usage of nomina professionalia. The analysis of job adverts enabled to carry out a basic classification of job names and to examine the way Anglicisms function in the word group in focus. One can plainly see that the official Classification of Job Names is not up-to-date with rapid changes in the language and that the press is a good indicator of assimilation processes.

„{Omnes viae romam ducunt}”. Peregrynacje do rzymu W czasach pierwszego jubileuszu

Author(s): Olaf Kwapis / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 57/2009

“All roads lead to Rome” - this ancient maxim reminding us of the Roman Empire’s excellent communication routes still suggests that the Eternal City is the destination of all European quests. Revived after the breakdown of pilgrimages to the Holy Land (after the 1291 fall of Acre), these quests also mentally transferred the Celestial Jerusalem to the area of River Tiber. The renewal of the quests was motivated by sanctioning the purgatory and consequently indulgence as the promise of quick salvation of the souls of dead kin from the “third place”. Human economy was thus inscribed in the economy of salvation, with Rome becoming the aim for pilgrims wanting to receive indulgence, and plenary indulgence - in particular ({plenissima venia peccatorum}), i.e. the absolution of sins which up till that moment only crusaders cherished. This indulgence could be granted only to those arriving in Rome in the Jubilee Holy Year of 1300 when Pope Boniface VIII revived the idea of the Great Jubilee. The article presents historical and theological conditionings of the penitential quest to Rome. It also characterizes the road net pertaining to the pilgrimages in question, in particular {Via Francigena}, only to reconstruct the figure of pilgrim as peregrinating first to Rome and later, within the city, following the so-called Seven Basilicas Route. This anthropological description closes with the review of the oldest guides to the Eternal City, which propose Roman itineraries based on the existence of material symbols of Rome’s ancient greatness.

„Áldott népem, Egyiptom…”

Ézsaiás 19,16-25 és az ószövetségi univerzalizmus problémái

Author(s): Csaba Balogh / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2012

Isaiah 19,16-25 is an intriguing text in the Old Testament with a generous view on non-Israelite nations. The open-hearted universalism of this passage is often brought in connection with the eschatological expectations of the Israelite community in the Persian or Hellenistic periods. However, a closer analysis of some particular details of this text (vv. 18, 19 and 23) reveals that the picture of the future in Isa 19,16-25 is more deeply rooted in (pre-exilic) history than previously thought. This view of the future, expressed in thoroughly historical terms, shows profound awareness of the Assyrian view of the world. YHWH, the God of Israel, exerts his dominion in an indirect manner, by means of the great power of the prophet’s era, Assyria, the creation of YHWH’s hands (v. 25), to whom Egypt with all other nations is subdued (v. 23). The text has close connections with the history of the 7th century B.C., especially the era of King Manasseh of Judah, who—to believe the testimony of non-biblical texts—was actively engaged in shaping the co-ordinates and defining the power zones of a world under Assyrian control.

„Človeče, sebe nežiješ, ži ako chceš, ale sebe nežiješ...“ K melanchólii Mikuláša Dohnányho

Author(s): Magdalena Bystrzak / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 6/2019

The paper outlines one of the forms of melancholy in the literary discourse of Slovakromanticism. As regards materials, it is based on egodocuments by Mikuláš Dohnány(1824 – 1852), in particular his diaries (1850 – 1852) and correspondence (1839 – 1852), asregards research, it is focused on the conflict between the latent (melancholy) and manifested(heroic and messianic) lines of the author´s production. The antagonism betweenthe ideal and the reality forms the basis for M. Dohnány´s life experience and it is alsonoticeable in his intimate diary records. The subject of the analysis is the performativeand functional nature of Dohnány´s diaries, which feature so-called self-discipliningcomments prompting the author to take action, to make a difference. Dohnány´s melancholy,which has several romantic characteristics (it is based on negation, inwardoriented, attached to the „inner self ”), remains hidden thanks to them and is subjectto the self-control mechanism as it does not correspond with the ideal of a „ braveŠtúr´s follower“, which Dohnány kept trying to put into practice.

„Ćwiczę widzenie”. O twórczości Jadwigi Stańczakowej

Author(s): Monika Ładoń / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 32/2018

Jadwiga Stańczakowa was a blind writer, who was more known as a friend of Miron Białoszewski than for her own literary work. Meanwhile, she is the author of several books of poetry, autobiographical prose and a diary. Miron Białoszewski was certainly master for her, thanks to him she began to write about his own blindness. Although that all her work was connected with Białoszewski, it is worth to hear her own voice, especially in the context of disability studies. In this article the author is trying to bring out the poetess of the Białoszewski’s shadows. First of all, the author pointed out that blindness was a magical experience treated as a basis of lyrics. But the dysfunction of sight has also been a cause of recurring depressions. The writing during this ‘double disease’ was particularly difficult and made sense of self-therapy

„ÎNĂLȚAREA AUTORULUI” ȘI NOȚIUNEA EXPANDATĂ A SUBIECTULUI CREATOR: NOI DEFINIȚII ALE AUCTORIALITĂȚII MONDIALE ÎN EPOCA GLOBALIZĂRII DIGITALE

Author(s): Alex Ciorogar / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2017

I would like to present a series of reflections on the subject of what literary studies have so far construed as the „theories of authorship” by placing these meditations in the general framework of a type of contemporary research typically called „world literature”. These contributions resort to world-system analysis, sociological descriptions or translation studies, while totally disregarding the human level. In much the same vein, it could easily be said that, although post-structuralism engaged authorship in order to deconstruct it, the concept remains, until this day, a truly productive site of both inquiry and signification. Consequently, one wouldn’t be in error by declaring that recent scholarship (especially in comparative studies) has actually failed in understanding the prospect of being an individual writer in the web of a global networked collectivity. Thus, I’m interested in exploring the ways in which the 21st century could reassess the notion of authorship. I will do this by way of presenting three types of methodological approaches. Moreover, I will be discussing an extremely pugnacious, yet revealing article signed by Rebecca Braun, entitled „Introduction: The Rise of the World Author from The Death of World Literature”. By doing this, I will show how the so-called „expanded form of agency” helps in shaping what I coined to be „the ascenion of authorhip”, the last stage in the modern history of authoriality (the 18th century was marked by „the birth of the author”, as Alain Viala convincingly showed; this was quickly followed, in the 19th century, by what Paul Bénichou called „the author’s sanctification”; the 20th century staged both „the death of the author” and „the ressurection” or „return of the author”, as Roland Barthes aptly argued). Finally, it is my belief that restaging creative subjects as the central figures of the literary field could constitute, in post-human times, a viable solution to the neo-liberal crisis of the Humanities.

„ÎNTRU BUNA ADUCERE AMINTE A ANILOR CÎND HĂLĂDUIAM MAI TINERI PRIN BUCUREŞTI ŞI ÎNTRU NEISTOVITA NOASTRĂ PRIETENIE”. ION APOSTOL POPESCU CĂTRE NAE ANTONESCU – SCRISORI

Author(s): Călin Emilian Cira / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: XVIII/2019

The present text encompasses four letters, sent by Ion Apostol Popescu to NaeAntonescu, from which one can observe their friendship, consolidated with the realitiesof the cultural life of the time. The letters are extracted from Fondul Nae Antonescu,Corespondenţă (quote 6970/ files IV-VI) of “Lucian Blaga” Central University Library inCluj-Napoca.

„Śmiech nosimy – i ból”. O jednym wierszu Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Iwona Gralewicz-Wolny / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The article concerns the untitled poem by Władysław Sebyła ***[inc. “We Are But Manure, My Brother…”] from the volume Młyny. Sonata nieludzka (The Songs of a Rat Catcher). The author aims her analysis at searching for a more positive tone of description and a more optimistic vision of the world, which – as many studies devoted to Sebyła’s poetry show – appear extremely rarely. Through her use of close reading, the author reconstructs the interplay of light and darkness which occurs in the poem. The author juxtaposes the loneliness of the lyrical I with the relationship the subject develops with the addressee of the lyrical monologue, sees glimpses of hope in the mortal metaphors, and connects the spatial-temporal dimension presented in the poem with the spheres of both life and death. This polarization of dark and light meanings of the text, exemplified by such analysis, is further reinforced by the antithesis-dominated poetics of the text. The catastrophic vision of the human life portrayed in the poem is, therefore, complemented by the subtle optimism, which remains necessary for th complete picture of the poet’s vision.

„Śmiertelne wydłubywanie słów”. O twórczości Zygmunta Krukowskiego

Author(s): Karol Maliszewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3 (24)/2017

The author presents Zygmunt Krukowski (1951-2013), a local and little known poet from Nowa Ruda in Poland’s Lower Silesia. He analyzes Krukowski’s poems as rooted in a concrete local area and describes various modes by means of which the poet creates the regional space; the latter is consequently characterized as a literary construct. He points out that some of the poems may be interpreted in the context of the Heraclitean philosophical tradition. According to the critic, it is essential to preserve the memory of important (if neglected) representatives of regional culture and literature.

„Śniegiem zaprawione cukry”- frenetyczna wizualizacja przestrzeni w {Agaj-Hanie} Z. Krasińskiego. Glosa

Author(s): Małgorzata Łoboz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 59/2010

This article is concerned with the aesthetic differentiation of the landscape in the novel {Agaj-Han} by Z. Krasiński. The novel constitutes a literary experiment, in which the author presents dilemmas of an individual who wants to achieve freedom. {Agaj-Han} can be perceived as a combination of a historical novel and romance enriched with the element of the Gothic genre, which is characterized by the original and colourful exoticism, acoustical effects and a very sensual visualization of the landscape inspired by Byron.

„Święta poezja” starożytnych Hebrajczyków. O literackiej lekturze Biblii

Author(s): Dariusz Bawoł / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2016

This paper presents considerations on reading the Bible as a literary work of art. The literary value of the Bible was recognized by ancient and renaissance authors, and especially in the eighteenth century by R. Lowth. However only in the second half of the twentieth century did some scholars start to study biblical texts using methods associated with modern literary criticism. It is possible, because, as contemporary theologians claim, the Bible has two dimensions: sacred (theological) and anthropological (literary). On the one hand, the Bible transcends the anthropological dimension to reveal the sacred, but on the other the sacred dimension is revealed by the work of man: literary forms. So if we want to better know the sacred, we need to recognize and study literary forms of the Bible. This approach allows to take into account the literariness of the biblical texts without reducing them to something secular. Furthermore, as a multifunctional text, the Bible has an aesthetic function among others. Even if this function is not in the foreground, the fact that we can distinguish it give us a good reason to read the Bible as a work of art. Thus it is not surprising, that the Bible occupies a significant position in the Western literary canon. Not only because of its cultural importance, but also for its literary, resp. aesthetic, value.

„Święta zwierzęcość”: Tatiany Goriczewej przyczynek do prawosławnej ekoteologii

Author(s): Alina Mitek-Dziemba / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

The aim of the publication is to acquaint the Polish reader with a fragment of the most famous book by Tatiana M. Goricheva, „Holy Animals” (published in Saint Petersburg in 1993), which has not been translated into Polish so far. The author of the book is one of the few Russian-speaking thinkers dealing both with Orthodox Christianity and the question of animal rights. The attached commentary offers an introduction to her philosophy, which is here presented at the broad background of Eastern Orthodox thinking. In contradistinction to Western theology, it is the tradition that discusses the Christian idea of redemption in cosmic terms and points to the possibility of religious identification and sanctification of animals. Therefore, it seems that the Eastern Orthodox interpretation of the Christian doctrine provides a different perspective on the situation of animals and their suffering in the contemporary world and may lead to action to secure their status as individual subjects.

„ŚWIT” I INNE PRZEKŁADY TWÓRCZOŚCI WŁADYSŁAWA ORKANA NA JĘZYK ROSYJSKI

Author(s): Grzegorz Brodacki / Language(s): Russian,Polish / Issue: 10/2014

The article contains a translation into Russian of Władysław Orkan’s short story entitledThe Dawn. It was translated by the writer’s second wife, Bronisława Folejewska and has not beenprinted yet.The translated text is preceded by historical and literary introduction, which explains the circumstancesthat contributed to the origin of the story and its translation. The introduction is concludedby a list of Władysław Orkan’s works that have been translated into Russian.

„Żelazo spala mięso ludzkie z mięsem koni”. Eksperyment – doświadczenie – etyka

Author(s): Agnieszka Karpowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2015

An attempt at indicating the precursory nature of the writings of Leopold Buczkowski vis a vis the perspectives and themes broached in the contemporary humanities within cultural “turns” towards objects, animals and, more generally, non-human and mute social actors (Bruno Latour). An analysis of stories from the volume: Młody poeta w zamku (1959) conducted in reference to Buczkowski’s other novels focuses on those motifs and serves as an argument in favour of the autobiographical (here, the category of “self-fiction” proved helpful), experience-oriented, and ethical meaning of the radical experiments conducted by the writer.

„Złapać bakcyla”, czyli o ewolucji znaczeń niektórych wyrazów z leksyki medycznej i potocznej

Author(s): Barbara Pukalska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2013

The article is devoted to selected lexemes functioning both in medical and colloquial lexis. They are divided into three categories. The first one contains the names of serious and dangerous diseases such as gangrena (gangrene) and cholera (cholera). The second includes the names of disorders of speech and sight organs functioning, that is niemota (muteness), ślepota (blindness), dalekowzroczność (long-sightedness) and krótkowzroczność (short-sightedness) while the third one covers the names of diseases related to mental functioning disorders and names of people suffering from them such as kretynizm (cretinism), kretyn (cretin), debilizm (moronism), debil (moron), imbecyl (imbecil), idiotyzm (idiotism), idiota (idiot), mania (mania), maniak (maniac). The article makes an attempt at presenting and comparing a medical and colloquial meaning of these lexemes. The analysis shows among others that as the medical meanings of the words in question refer to both the functioning of the body and the mind the colloquial ones refer most often to the sphere of psyche, intellect and morality. The article also pays attention to the emotional marking of these lexemes in a colloquial meaning, and permeation of words from medical terminology into the colloquial language (and the other way round).

„Zwierzęcy” język nowej literatury na przykładzie powieści Masakra i Nagrobek z lastryko Krzysztofa Vargi

Author(s): Beata Kiszka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 16/2017

The aim of the article is an analysis of animalistic lexis in the works of Krzysztof Varga on the basis of the novels Nagrobek z lastryko (Terazzo Tombstone) and Masakra (Massacre). Special attention has been paid to the multifunctionality of animalisms and theirconnotational potential in the language of the newest prose. The conducted analyses have demonstrated that animal vocabulary plays an important role in the literature which touches upon the problem of transience, and which presents people and the world in a distorted mirror. By means of conventionalization and deconventionalization of feral symbols, and entangling various fauna species in literary contexts, a bestiary of postmodern times comes into being.

„Zwrot dramatyczny” a literaturoznawstwo performatywne

Author(s): Anna Krajewska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 17/2012

This article presents performance studies as a proposal that would follow the era of disciplinarity. The author proposes to view the phenomenon from the perspective of the changes and transformations from the aesthetics of reception to performance studies, and introduces the category of the literary interlocking to define the performative functioning of text. The author then proceeds to interpret the relationships between the “dramatic turn” that has reoriented and restructured modern thought on reality and art, and the notions of anti-binarity and performativeness. Finally, the author makes an argument that the performative turn has profoundly and significantly transformed the humanities in its entirety. The performative breakthrough has ideological nature that is related to the foundations of understanding the substance of dramaticality.

„Zwrot ku zwierzętom” w prozie Gustawa Morcinka. Rekonesans

Author(s): Lucyna Sadzikowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

The article concerns post‑camp literature of Gustaw Morcinek, which presents complex relations between people and animals. Issues presented in the prose of the writer from Karwina can be decoded by means of ecocritical currents. The animal studies perspective makes it possible to go beyond melancholic, anthropocentric theology. Animal eschatology in Morcinek’s writings shows numerous similarities to his reflections on the death of the human behind “barbed wires.” The human has been defined by the writer – who has turned towards animals – not as a creature antithetical to the animal, but as one equal to it. Morcinek makes successful attempts to affirm the animal world by building a positive system of values with the ethical component towards nature.

„Życie a życie to jest duża różnica”. O biografiach Bronisławy Wajs – Papuszy

Author(s): Arleta Galant / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

The author of the article analyzes three biographical stories about the Gypsy poet Bronislawa Wajs – Papusza: Demony cudzego strachu by Jerzy Ficowski (Demons of someone else’s fear), report of Angelika Kuźniak and the movie by Joanna Kos-Krauze and Krzysztof Krauze. Each narrative selected for the analysis is a collection of topics and issues related to the anthropological, social, identity’s strategies and pitfalls of biographistic studies. Each one of them is also about the heterogeneous issues concerning connections of Papusza’s life and work with political and social contexts of her biography. For Jerzy Ficowski central issue in the reconstruction of the history of Bronisława Wajs’ life is tragic figure of a poet, in a report by Angelika Kuźniak the key issues are those related to biography and social violence, in the movie about Papusza main themes are gypsy memory, loss and otherness.

„Zygmuntowskie czasy” Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego wobec Charlesa Dickensa

Author(s): Aleksandra Budrewicz-Beratan / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2012

The parallel between Józef Ignacy Kraszewski and Charles Dickens has been noticed and analysed by scholars (J. Kulczycka-Saloni, M. Kocięcka, T. Sobieraj). The aim of this article is to take part in this very research; on the basis of Kraszewski’s novel "Zygmuntowskie czasy" [‘King Sigismund’s Time’], the paper offers another branch of the comparative dialogue. The author compares Kraszewski’s "Zygmuntowskie czasy" and Dickens’s Oliver Twist. Such idea has already been offered by Adam Bar, whose study is shortly discussed and taken as a point of departure for the author’s own discussion (Bar’s strict statement related to Kraszewski’s passive copying of Dickens, and his lack of originality). The article offers a comparison of the fate of the main characters, Staś ("Zygmuntowskie czasy") and Oliver ("Oliver Twist"), the novels’ social and cultural backgrounds, the depictions of the society. Emphasised are the convergences in the depictions of these orphans’ lot and the reactions of the surrounding society.