"Continuities and discontinuities. Educational program of The Planned Parenthood Association in Krakow (1957 – 1993)"

Author(s): Barbara Klich-Kluczewska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

The article presents the program of sexual education prepared and offered by Krakow Branch of the Planned Parenthood Association in the wider context of socio-political situation in Krakow (1956 – 1989). Since the beginning of the Association’s existence, the special attention was paid to the development of educational program, which concerned the different aspects of „family life“. The article is going to answer the questions about its goals, the educational tools used to achieve them and its social targets. To accurately determine the position of the Association in the city‘s community I will analyse its foundation and activities in wider context of the pre-war traditions of the organisation and the activities regarding premarital counselling undertaken by the Krakow Catholic Church.

"Izgubljena revolucija: AFŽ između mita i zaborava", Chiara Bonfiglioli... [et al.]

Prikaz

Author(s): Amela Hadžajlic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 1/2018

Review of: "Izgubljena revolucija: AFŽ između mita i zaborava", Chiara Bonfiglioli... [et al.], Sarajevo: Udruženje za kulturu i umjetnost: CRVENA, 2016, 199 str.

"Skretnice" Jasmine Musabegović – retorika hetero-povijesti u Povijesti:

politika/etika preživljavanja i (ne)moguće kodiranje doma

Author(s): Mirela Berbic-Imširovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 5/2015

This paper analyzes the novel Jasmina Musabegović wrote in 1986. The path of identification through coding female gender means going back home, but only after it has been decontaminated ideologically. Bearing in mind that every topos represents a point in cultural discourse and that rails represent borders and perspectives of gender and cultural prefiguration, what we are interested in is whether Fatima is active in chaotic historical time-space, situated within those transitional topoi (period between the two wars and during WWII); are switches a skeptically colored, failed trope which cannot be transcoded onto female gender, since she lives a life of statics and not a life of changeability, or Fatima’s reversibility towards home tells us about the need for acknowledging the stigmatically and conventionally secondary topologies in authenticating oneself? Is the narrator, disregarding the fragile, but present poly-glossia, imprisoned in her own andro-text, corresponding with the following: what is the position of a woman in collective identification and strong positioning, can a woman be a formalized subject in history, and/or she follows a different path of identity coding through family politics/poly-ethics, togetherness, caring? In other words, doesn’t Switches omit unexpectedly, but intentionally Fatima’s settling down in the historical space, enabling her to preserve her self, without its isolation, but through protecting it in the difference of the marginal, leaving room for the empty (De Certau)?

"Smo mel cel popoldan fraj - da ti to kot delavcu vzamejo ..."

spomin na prosti čas in delo žensk v obdobju socialistične Slovenije

Author(s): Polona Sitar / Language(s): Slovenian / Issue: 1/2015

In her contribution the author focuses on understanding the interconnection of work and leisure time in the period of the socialist Slovenia/Yugoslavia (1945-1991). She is interested in the meaning that women ascribed to their leisure time (understood as a reward for the workers during socialism) in comparison with gainful employment. She also pays special attention to the issue of how women experienced their leisure time in comparison with unpaid housekeeping and through the perspective of the so-called »double burden« in socialism, and how they experience it today, in the context of the capitalist market economy. The contribution is based on the fieldwork analysis, focused on the interviews with retired women, revealing their everyday life on the micro level. The goal of the »oral history« approach, used in the contribution, is not to reconstruct the socialist past and record it chronologically, but to present the perspective based on the women’s experience and their everyday practices, contributing an additional perspective to the existing official political and economic history descriptions.

"Југословенска жена" – форум модерне списатељице

Author(s): Žarka Svircev / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 5/2015

The affirmation and promotion of female authorship is one of the basic aspects of emancipatory discourse in the magazine Jugoslavenska žena/Yugoslav woman (1917-1920). The emphasis on the importance and necessity of female self expression and self representation is one of the commonplaces in the program texts. The paradigm of female authorship was exhibited in essays and studies on women writers and in the original literary work. Women’s literature is not subordinated to enlightened and pragmatic objectives of the magazine, but reflects the sensitivity, aesthetic and creative abilities, expressive possibilities and thematic interests of its authors. Poetic pluralism (the realist, symbolist, romantic, expressionist tendencies) is an innovation that brings the magazine in relation to women’s periodicals, pointing out that the concept of modern woman writer includes the construction of personal and independent style and poetic characteristics. This model of woman writer represents another step in the development of female authorship in the context of feministic discursive space and network of communications.

"Рат је био највиша школа моја, а несумњиво и општа"

Први светски рат у делу Данице Марковић

Author(s): Dunja Dušanic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2012

The position of Serbian women writers regarding the First World War is a specific issue and one that has largely been left unexamined. There are several reasons for this; some of them are political, some are literary. First, the war had a distinctive character in Serbia – it was considered as the final stage in the process of Serbian national liberation, which culminated, or at the least, was intended to culminate, in the creation of a new, multinational state – making it extremely difficult to draw direct comparisons between Serbian women's engagement in the war and that of other nations'. Second, Serbian women writers' arrival on the literary scene in the pre-war years had a decisive influence on their writing, limiting them to genres, themes, and forms, traditionally linked to "feminine" values. It cannot be easily assessed to what extent the experience of War shaped their subsequent literary choices, and generalizations should, if possible, be avoided. However, by examining individual cases, we can maybe arrive at a better understanding of the multifaceted reality of World War I. This paper attempts to do so by examining the involvement of Serbia's most distinguished pre-war poetess, Danica Marković, in the 1917 uprising against the Bulgarian authorities, and the account of this experience in her poem "Twelve thousand" and her testimony "Impressions from the Toplica uprising".

"Сви смо ми људи једнаки, а што је неко мало црњи, а неко мало бељи, не мења ствар"

Сексуална педагогија у Србији на крају 19. и почетку 20. века

Author(s): Ana Kolaric / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2012

This essay explores (various cultural and pedagogical discourses of sexuality and sexual conduct. Those discourses were important for the processes of formation of the national state and its “proper” citizens. The analysis tried to prove that many concepts, ideas and knowledge(s) “travelled” from the Western countries to Serbia, where they were appropriated without any changes. To do this, the author has analysed how category of “race” was utilized in the Serbian “conduct books” and women’s magazines. In conclusion, the author pointed out the significance of historical examination of identities, which should help us form more reflexive and critical attitudes towards cultural heritage and traditions.

(Раз)говор о књижевности и феминизму

Ране критике Ребеке Вест (1911–1912)

Author(s): Ana Kolaric / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2014

First critical writings by Rebecca West appeared in the magazine The Freewoman. A Weekly Feminist Review in the period 1911–1912. Her reviews were mainly focused on the contemporary literature. Criterion which Rebecca West used in order to evaluate literary works and distinguish “good” from “bad” literature was based on her strong feminist stance. First part of the article broadly discussed concepts of literary criticism and feminist literary criticism as well as the complex relationship between amateur and professional criticism at the beginning of the twentieth century. The second part examined Rebecca West’s early critical writings, in order to explore her position in the history of (feminist) literary criticism.

A determinizmus zsarnoksága...

Author(s): Ibolya Czibere,Izolda Takács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2016

Review of the book "Lánylegény - Az intermentalitás és kialakulásának történeti háttere" by Horváth Júlia Borbála (Budapest, 2015)

A Life Story is Also a Serious Business. Feminine Narratives during Communist years in the Town of Sebes

Author(s): Ionela Bogdan / Language(s): English / Issue: XVI/2015

The present article aims to analyse the manner in which Roma women from the town of Sebes remember their lives during the Communist era, with emphasis on their memories in regard to their work environment, when participation in the labor market was mandatory and according to the law everyone who was able to work, was required to do so.Using the methodology of oral history, it will be studied how Roma women, who were employed in factories of the town, relate to their workplace while bringing into attention aspects such as relations between minority-majority, gender issues, nostalgia towards the Communist era, differences between the urban and rural environments, potential mentality changes and behavioral changes.

A New Image of Women's Freedom Interpretation and Discourse of Female Labour in the Austro-Hungarian Feminist Press

Author(s): Dóra Czeferner / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2013

Among Hungarian historians the subject-matter of female labour has gradually become a popular topic. The research work can be placed to the borderline of two disciplines: female history and history of journalism in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. With the application of news analysis, discourse analysis and text linguistics, the study intend to prove that women.s movements at the beginning of the 20th century considered the safeguarding of female workers. interests as essential as the fight for women.s enfranchisement. The author analyses the views, opinions mediated by the Austro-Hungarian feminist periodical press ‒ The Woman and The Society (A Nő és a Társadalom) and New Woman.s Life (Neues Frauenleben) ‒about female labour and the working conditions of working women between 1907 and 1913.

A Patriarchal Marriage? The Women’s Movement and the Communist Party in Poland (1945–1989)

Author(s): Natalia Jarska / Language(s): English / Issue: 125/2018

This article is a contribution to the debate on the role and character of women’s organizations in Eastern Europe after 1945, including the role they played in the process of women’s emancipation. The purpose of the article is to offer insight into the relation between the communist party (that is the PPR and its successor – the PZPR) and the women’s movement in Poland in the years 1945–89 and to provide a new interpretation of the movement’s history under state socialism. I contend that women’s organizations should be viewed as part of the communist system and the roles they played should be understood in the context of the policies pursued by the communist states.

A Post-Doctorate in Musicology: Bronisława Wójcik-Keuprulian and Her Path to a Scientific Career

Author(s): Michal Piekarski / Language(s): English / Issue: 117/2018

The musical milieu of Lwów in the first half of the twentieth century was characterised by dynamic activities of women, particularly as music school students, which was the reverse of the situation prevailing in the other schools – particularly, tertiary schools. This fostered the female students’ keen interest in musicology, especially that Musicology was launched as a new major at the local university in 1912. Bronisława Wójcik-Keuprulian was its first graduate ever (in 1917). In 1934, she was the first woman in the history of Polish science to receive a post-doctoral degree (so-called habilitation) in Musicology at a Polish university. This was accompanied by multiple complications, including those caused by the Head of the Chair of Musicology. Yet, the applicant’s resolve brought about a successful end.

A Queer Approach to the Classical Myth of Phaedra in Music

Author(s): Federica Marsico / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2017

Three musical adaptations of the myth of Phaedra, in which the wife of King Theseus of Athens desperately falls in love with her stepson Hippolytus, were composed in the second half of the twentieth century by three homosexual composers: the dramatic cantata Phaedra for mezzosoprano and small orchestra (1976) by Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) after a text by the American poet Robert Lowell, the opera Le Racine: pianobar pour Phèdre (1980) by Sylvano Bussotti (1931-) after a libretto drafted by the composer himself and consisting of a prologue, three acts, and an intermezzo, and, last but not least, the two-act concert opera Phaedra (2007) by Hans Werner Henze (1926-2012) after a libretto by the German poet Christian Lehnert. The aim of this paper is to prove that the three homosexual composers chose a myth about an incestuous—and thus censored—love in order to represent homoerotic desire, labelled as deviant by the coeval heteronormative society and hence condemned by it. The study sheds light on the aspects of the most famous literary elaborations that affect gay sensibility, and on how the three composers experienced their homosexuality and gave utterance to it in their other works. The analysis of the three works at issue demonstrates that the discourse about gayness takes shape through the interplay of numerous aspects. The elaboration of the literary sources, the organization of the libretto, the characters’ definition, and the mise-en-scène, together with the music, put the myth into that perspective.

A Tormay-affér mentalitástörténeti tanulságai

Author(s): Anita Kurimay / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2016

This article examines the scandal of Cécile Tormay, a writer of international repute and prominence in interwar Hungary. Her purported homosexuality, despite its high political stakes, juicy bedroom details, long line of distinguished witnesses, and extensive press coverage has been largely ignored by historians. Cécile Tormay’s relationship with Countess Zichy Rafael became the talk of Budapest during the Zichys’ divorce trial and the subsequent libel case that Tormay and Countess Zichy filed against the count and his servants. Rather than trying to decipher the truth about Tormay’s sexuality and her relationship to the Countess, this article aims to reconstruct ideas and understandings of sexuality and especially of female homosexuality during the 1920s. By contextualizing the scandal within the social and cultural history of interwar Hungary, contemporary newspaper coverage, and the court documents of divorce and libel cases, this article reveals a gendered and highly class based understanding of female sexuality.

A Wohl-nővérek emancipációja

Társadalomtörténeti megközelítés hosszmetszetben

Author(s): Zsuzsa Török / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2015

The paper provides a social historical analysis of the writing career of Janka Wohl and Stephanie Wohl. It proposes that periodicals were instrumental in shaping writers' life work, and that the press of the time requires particular attention when studying the 19thcentury history of authorship. It is based on the analysis of Stephanie Wohl's only letter of biographical relevance and on the wider, contextual presentation of some of the statements in the letter. The paper follows the life of the Wohl girls starting with a description of their family background and their education, until their career as writers and editors. It also discusses their reception in contemporary society and social life. The life of the Wohl sisters unfolds in the context of two significant social historical processes of the 19th-century: assimilated Jewish intellectuals and the emancipation of women. Their ambitions as writers are coupled with a strong assimilation urge, while the roots of this are explained through a presentation of the wider context of their family history. For them, the “life form” of the intellectual, which guaranteed integration into the society of Hungarian language and culture, was attainable through a fellowship with the Lutheran intelligentsia. And the Lutheran environment explains not only their writing activity, but also their skills to get along and act as organizers in the social life of their time.

Aemulatores erasmi? „Sejmy niewieście” w polskiej kulturze literackiej XVI wieku

Author(s): Justyna A. Kowalik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2 (35)/2015

The aim of this article is to present how the Polish renaissance authors creatively transformed and adapted to the native context one of Erasmus’ dialogues, Senatulussive Gynaikosynedrion. The humanist exploited here a popular motif of a meeting of women who debate on different issues. Th e work is based on one of Aristophanes’ comedies as well as an episode from a biography of a Roman emperor, Heliogabal. Senatulus was very popular and was translated into a number of vernacular languages all over Europe. Erasmus, with his characteristic sense of humor and criticism, pointed to some vices of women, but did not stop there. He used a seemingly paradoxical formula of women’s council to draw attention to social and political problems of the time. Early modern Polish texts developing the theme in question can be understood in the context of Polish parliamentarism. But their literary inspiration has to be taken into consideration as well. The first part of this article focuses on problematic aspects of Senatulus, its somewhat provocative and ambiguous character, which probably attracted authors to this particular text. Th en two Polish dialogues that are linked to Erasmus’s work are examined. These are: anonymous Senatulus to jest sjemniewieści (Senatulus, or the council of women) from 1543 and Sjem niewieści (The council of women) written by Marcin Bielski in 1566/1567. Even a preliminary comparison of these two works with Erasmus’ colloquium indicates that the vernacular texts are a kind of sequel to the original and further develop its basic idea. References to the Latin version are present here on different levels. Similarity lays not only in the title and topics discussed by the characters, but also in the linguistic structure. In both cases, the concept of the female parliament was used by the writers as a pretext to draw attention to the political, social and economic problems Poland faced at that time and to suggest their own solutions.

Afrika’da Esir Ticaretinin Yasaklanması: Brüksel Konferansı (1890)

Author(s): Abdullah Özdag / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2018

The principles of liberty and equality, which were spread by the French Revolution, caused that new limitations were enacted in slave trade. The decrease in the need for slaves, which had emerged with the Industrial Revolution, was one of the reasons for this. The Ottoman State, as well as Iran, spent significant amount of efforts in banning the slave trade along with the European States during the 19th Century. Although there were important outcomes of these efforts of states which were spent independently from each other, the slave trade in Africa continued along the 19thCentury. For this reason, an international conference was held in Brussels with the leadership of Britain to prevent slave trade in Africa completely. The parties of this conference signed a set of rules that had the aim of banning slave trade on July 2,1890.

After Communism and Before Gender

Author(s): Peter Stamatov,Dorottya Örlosy / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/1994

The review of: Nanette Funk and Magda Muller (eds.): Gender Politics and Post-Communism; Reflections from Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. New York: Routledge, 1993, 348 pp.

AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDETE KARŞI KADINLARIN TUTUMLARI: BİNGÖL İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Kasim Tatlilioglu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 32/2016

The most common form is domestic violence against women and children. Violence against women is a common social problem in Turkey. Violence against women includes a variety of different acts, which abused them physically, sexually or emotionally. Today, increasing the presence of many social scientists feel the violence has been the subject of the investigation. This research is conducted on all men and women who reside in the center of Bingöl and their age is 18 and over. The research group is consisted of 524 people 265 of them are women (50.51%) and 259 of them are men (49.42%) residing in Bingöl city center. Two different scales are applied for the purpose of the research. The first of these scales is "Domestic Violence Scale (for women)" and the "Domestic Violence Scale (for men). Both scales are applied separately to men and women. The other one is "Violence Attitude Scale" which is used common for both women and men including 21 questions in the survey. This article contains the findings only "Violence Attitude Scale" obtained from women.