Евреи, избягали от гетата и лагерите на територията на окупирана Полша в периода 1942 – 1945 г.

Author(s): Grzegorz Berendt / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This article deals wiht the phenomenon of Jews that managed to escape from the ghettos and the camps in the territory of German-occupied Poland. In the analysis of the data from the encyclopaedia of the ghettos, published by the Institute Yad Vashem, as well as from the literature on the subject, the author found that at least 60 000 Jews has fled to the so called Aria area in occupied Poland.

Васил Мутафов. Колелото на съдбата. Българското гурбетчийско градинарство (етнографски аспекти). Велико Търново: ДАР-РХ, Издание на Изследователския институт на българите в Унгария към Българското републиканско самоуправление в Унгария, 2018

Author(s): Galya Chohadzhieva,Iliya Valev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Book Review

The Murals of the Church of Saint-Nicholas at Bârsău in the Late 19th-Century Drawings of Szinte Gábor

Author(s): Ionuţ-Cosmin Codrea / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Articolul aduce în atenția istoricilor de artă veche transilvăneană o serie de desene și acuarele reprezentând picturile murale ale bisericii „Sfântul Nicolae” din Bârsău, realizate în secolul al XIX-lea. Dintre cele 15planșe păstrate încă în registrele Muzeului Maghiar al Arhitecturii și Centrului Documentar pentru Protejarea Monumentelor de la Budapesta, una îi aparține lui Horváth Miklós, restul lui Szinte Gábor – ambii profesori de desen la Școala Superioară Regală Maghiară de Stat din Deva în perioada 1882-1886. Valoarea de neprețuit a acestor desene este efectul direct al degradărilor continue ale picturilor bisericii din Bârsău. Stadiul dezastruos de conservare din ziua de astăzi face ca cercetarea picturilor datate în a doua jumătate a secolului al XVI-lea să fie aproape imposibilă pornind de la realitatea in situ.

The Painter Grigorie Popovici and His Master Jovan. Contacts Between East and West During the Second Half of the 18th Century

Author(s): Cristina Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Grégoire Zugravul (‘le Peintre’), connu toute sa vie comme Papathodor, Popovici et Frujinescu, a été l’un des peintres les plus importants de la Valachie à la fin du XVIIIe siècle et l’initiateur du courant d’occidentalisation dans l’art local. Constantin Săndulescu-Verna a découvert dans un carnet de croquis ayant appartenuau peintre que Grégoire est né près de Bucarest, dans le village de Frunzănești, au sein de la famille du prêtrepeintre Tudor, et qu’il a fait son apprentissage en 1766, à la l’âge de 16 ans, auprès d’un certain maître Jean / kirIancu. Ensemble, les deux hommes ont voyagé pendant dix ans sur le territoire de l’Empire des Habsbourg etont signé ensemble l’iconostase du monastère de Lepavina en Croatie, ainsi que celui de l’église de la Nativité de Saint-Jean-Baptiste à Székesfehérvár, en Hongrie. De retour en 1777, Grégoire a commencé une carrière prolifiqueen tant que peintre d’icônes; mais il a également peint les fresques de l’Église de l’Icône (Biserica Icoanei) àBucarest, des enluminures de manuscrits et des peintures à l’huile, y compris la vaste composition historique représentant Nicolas Mavrogheni distribuant des récompenses aux soldats qui avaient participé aux combatscontre les Autrichiens (1789), aujourd’hui dans les collections du Musée National d’Art de Roumanie, à Bucarest. Jusqu’à présent, cependant, l’identité de Maître Jean et la portée européenne de la carrière de Grégoire n’étaient pas connues en Roumanie. On considérait à tort que Jean devait être un peintre local, identifié soit au maître de l’école de peinture de l’évêché de Râmnic, soit à Ivan ‘le Russe’ (Rusul), maître de l’école de peinture du monastère de Căldărușani. Plus récemment, C. Săndulescu-Verna et M. Sabados ont supposé qu’il pouvait être d’origine balkanique, mais sans réussir à repérer son identité précise : peut-être un peintre grec ou macédo-valaque. La présente étude relie pour la première fois les recherches roumaines sur ce sujet à celles menées en Serbie(Aleksandra Kučeković), Bulgarie (Emmanuel Moutafov) et Bosnie-Herzégovine (Ljiljana Ševo). Les documents permettent d’identifier ‘kir Iancu’ avec Jovan Četirević Grabovan, aroumain d’Albanie, auteur de fresques dusanctuaire et de la nef de la cathédrale épiscopale de Roman (Moldavie). La carrière de ce dernier est jalonnéepar les étapes d’un parcours remarquable pour cette époque. Ses voyages relient littéralement l’Occident à l’Europe de l’Est, de la Croatie en Russie à travers Buda et Bucarest, et dessinent une perspective entièrementnouvelle sur les relations qui animaient le milieu culturel des peintres valaques du XVIIIe siècle. Comme Jovan, son élève Grégoire a joué également le rôle d’un ‘véhicule’ exemplaire des transferts culturels entre Occident et Orient, maillon d’un grand réseau commercial et politique développé à l’intersection des trois grands Empires: ottoman, russe et autrichien. Il a influencé de manière décisive l’évolution de l’atelier de peinture du monastèrede Cernica et s’est imposé comme une figure clé de la scène artistique locale ; il a été l’un des premiers peintresà moderniser l’art local. Par-delà les éclaircissements qu’elle apporte sur l’apprentissage de Grégoire Popovici,cette étude permet aussi d’attribuer les icônes de l’iconostase de l’Église Manea Brutaru de Bucarest au peintreJovan Četirević Grabovan, et d’identifier dix nouvelles oeuvres du peintre Grégoire, y compris les fresques del’Église de l’Icône à Bucarest. Elle transcrit sept inscriptions inédites des icônes de cette église et identifie le ssources artistiques du cahier de modèles du peintre et des icônes de l’iconostase de la chapelle dédiée à Saint Lazare au monastère de Cernica dans un exemplaire de la Bible Ectypa ayant appartenu au même Maître Jean.

‘Saints and Soldiers’. 19th-Century Russian Religious Art in Southern Bulgaria

Author(s): Angel Nikolov / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Articolul prezintă câteva observații asupra a două instituții monahale rusești înființate pentru comemorarea vitejiei și eroismului soldaților și ofițerilor ruși morți în timpul războiului ruso-turc din 1877-1878: Mănăstirea Înălțării Domnului, cu biserica „Sf. Alexandru Nevski”, construite între 1879-1882 pe dealurile Bakadzhik de lângă Yambol, la ordinul celebrului „General Alb” Mihail Skobelev, și Mănăstirea Nașterii Domnului din orașul Shipka, construită (și probabil și sfințită în 1902) la inițiativa mamei generalului, OlgaSkobeleva, de către un comitet director condus de diplomatul și omul de stat rus Nikolai Ignatiev.

The National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa in the Context of a Local Community

Author(s): Milena Lyubenova,Stela Nenova / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

The article describes the National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa in through the eyes of a particular local community, that of the village of Bistritsa, Sofia region. The study is based on fieldwork conducted in January 2015 at the local community centre. The main method of investigation is the semi-structured interview, which offers local people the opportunity to select the most significant moments in their narratives and to express their own understanding and interpretations of folklore heritage. The authors pay particular attention to the processes of transformation of local tradition into cultural heritage, which became especially visible after the 1930s and the 1940s. The text outlines the processes and means by which the local community presents its culture and understands the necessity of its contemporary safeguarding as a living practice. The influence of local and national cultural institutions is duly marked, including the influence of the local community centre and the National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa. Special attention is also given to these institutions’ contributions towards the conceptualization of different elements of the respondents’ local culture and the ways in which local culture becomes a resource for the construction of different networks of identities: cultural, local and national. The text also highlights the basic accents and interpretations in the narratives of the respondents who discuss the National Festival; the Festival’s importance as a place for the representation of their traditional village cultural elements; its role in their preservation; the character of the Festival stage and changes to it through the years; as well as the personal experiences of the community members during the Festival.

Tsvetelina Dimitrova. Popular History between the Oral and the Written. Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Publishing House of BAS, 2013. 218 p.[Цветелина Димитрова. „Народната история“ между устност и писменост. София: Издателство на БАН „Проф. Марин Дринов]

Author(s): Petko Hristov / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

Периодика 2021

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 43/2021

Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology, and art studies

Гробът на Хаджи Димитър e под връх Хаджи Димитър в Стара планина

Author(s): Vera Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents archival materials and other historical sources which keep primary information about the death and funeral of the famous Bulgarian rebel leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov (1840 – 1868) who originates from the town of Sliven. The widely accepted thesis that Hadzhi Dimitar was deadly shot during the Buzludzha battle (18th July 1868) and was buried at the place of the battle has been proven once again by bringing new motives and logical arguments. The funeral of the famous revolutionary on the Buzludzha peak (named in 1942 Hadzhi Dimitar peak) has been confirmed with memorial and archaeological pieces of evidence. Both re-burials of the fallen heroes (1898 and 1961) provide additional data in that direction. Despite scientific argumentation of the said thesis, the article also interprets some uncertain and contradictory evidence about the eventual death of Hadzhi Dimitar on the Kadrafil peak, located in the Sredna gora mountain – 50 km away from Bualudzha peak in the Stara planina mountain. Neither factual nor logical arguments of this legend withstand scientific criticism. Nevertheless, they are persistently popularized by local patriots, originating mainly from the village Svezhen (formerly called Ajar – until 1934). Furthermore, supporters of the so called Adjar's legend are trying to give national status of their unscientific claims about the death and burial of the famous revolutionary leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov. Their unjustified actions are conceptualized in the scientific context of the cultural memory theory. The dispute between the scientific version and the Adjar's legend is explained by the different approaches of historical science and cultural memory toward a single fact from the past – the last moments of a national hero's life. The professional historiography works with objective facts, scientific methods and logical arguments. Cultural memory attracts convenient hypotheses, mythological plots and unprovable local memories.

Slavic elements in the calendar rites of the Romanians of Bukovina

Author(s): Antoniy Moysey,Antonina Anistratenko,Tetyana Nykyforuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This study is aimed at identifying the most noticeable Slavic elements in the calendar rites of Bukovyna. It analyzes material collected by Romanian researchers in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century (E. Niculiță-Voronca, T. Pamfile, L. Bodnărescu, А. Fochi, A. Zașciuc), documents from the Central Scientific Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Moldova, the New Linguistic Atlas of Romania, Moldova and Bukovyna (1987), as well as personal observations recorded by the authors of the study in Ukraine and Romania during ethnographic expeditions. In the calendar rites of the Romanians of Bukovyna, some clear Slavic elements can be identified, such as some names of calendar holidays, Ukrainian elements in such rites as koliada, the Christmas star, shchedruvannya. Ukrainian motifs of musical folklore in winter rites, as well as the use of the names of Ukrainian opryshky and haidamaky, the adaptation of the “walking with vertep”, the use of the term vidma of Ukrainian origin, the penetration of the name and main text of the Ukrainian Malanka, etc.

The image of the Russian Enlightened monarch in the Romanian culture at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth century

Author(s): Alexandra Chiriac,Ana Catană-Spenchiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This paper aims to reconstruct the way in which the Romanian written culture from the second half of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth gradually built the image of the Russian Enlightened monarchy with three of its most famous representatives: Peter II, Catherine II and Alexander I. By means of translating from Italian and German historiography, these texts served a double goal: on the one hand they satisfied the reader’s need for knowledge and understanding of the contemporary events, and on the other they contributed to a political discourse that viewed Russia and the Russian Orthodox monarchy as potential saviours of the Romanian principalities from the oppression of the Muslim Ottoman Empire. By means of translation analysis, we have attempted to illustrate how the Western image of an Eastern monarch, guided by a blend of Western philosophy and Eastern Orthodox tradition, was transferred in the Romanian culture as a scientific base for political and cultural decisions.

Рецензия на „Жени отвъд архива. Невидимите истории на жените в България“ на Нурие Муратова

Author(s): Georgeta Nazarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 11/2022

The text reviews the scientific monograph of Nurie Muratova ‚Women beyond the Archive. Invisible Histories of Women in Bulgaria‘, published by University Press ‚Neofit Rilsky‘ in Blagoevgrad. The book explores the place in the Bulgarian and world archives of two marginalized social groups – women and women with minority status. It is established that their visibility and invisibility, accessibility and secrecy, significance and underestimation depend on certain archival policies, social conditions, social stereotypes and prejudices.

Зооморфната маска в зимните маскарадни игри: примерът Турка

Author(s): Emilia Boyadzhieva-Peeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

The article studies the winter masquerade custom of Turka, as the central object of investigation is its variant from the Romanian village of Cuciulata in Transylvania. In the course of more than a century, the outlook of this mask has remained almost unchanged. The author offers analyses on the altering functions of the mask as an artefact playing the roles of a ritual object and a museum exponent.

Валентина Ганева-Райчева, Десислава Димитрова, Петър Петров, Теодора Иванова, Юлия Босева, Яна Янчева (авт. кол.). Растения и хора. Приближения към биокултурните връзки. София: Ерове, 2021

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Book review

"И българските евреи бяха спасени..." Погледи отвън и отвътре върху българската история

Author(s): Irina Nedeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 12/2022

We publish a conversation of the journalist Irina Nedeva with Roumen Avramov, economist and historian, on the occasion of the Bulgarian translation of Nadège Ragaru’s book ‘Et les Juifs bulgares furent sauvés…’. Une histoire des savoirs sur la Shoah en Bulgarie’, Sciences Po. Les Presses, 2020) (“And the Bulgarian Jews were saved...” History of knowledge about the Holocaust in Bulgaria”). The conversation was broadcast on November 8, 2022 in the “Horizont do obed” ("Horizon by noon") program of the Bulgarian National Radio; the text published here is a transcription of it. The questions have been preserved, and in the answers Rumen Avramov has made some stylistic edits, as well as brief substantive additions and clarifications

Документалното ни кино на фокус

Author(s): Petia Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 12/2022

RECENT MINORITIES IN SIBIU. SIMILAR PROBLEMS, SIMILAR SOLUTIONS

Author(s): Nicoleta Annemarie Munteanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The recent minorities in Sibiu are at an early stage in the development of organizational structures, trying to make their voice heard regarding certain issues that affect its members.This policy paper aims to facilitate the offer of public policies solutions for the recent minorities in Sibiu: Arab, Bessarabian, Ukrainian, and Chinese, to identify solutions that may have a common denominator, to establish a way of cooperation, and to inspire the development of joined projects. As a result of the workshop, the policy paper will be sent to the institutions and authorities with attributions in this field.

Научни форуми

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Data about scientific events in the field of the humanities in Bulgaria in the second half of 2022

Книги 2022 – 2023

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 46/2023

Selected bibliography in the field of Bulgarian Studies published in the current year.

Женско двугласно пеене от село Варвара (Съвременни процеси в традиционната практика)

Author(s): Petyo Krastev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

The article is the result of a field study in 2020 in the village of Varvara, Septemvri municipality, on the current state of women’s folk two-part singing. The ethnomusicological interpretation is made on the basis of a comparative analysis between theoretical studies on performance practices, an audio archive of the women’s vocal group at the National Culture Center “Peasant Awakening – 1927”, made in the early 1990s, and the most modern field materials from 2020. Passing through certain periods, the musical model becomes a village cultural value bequeathed from the past, which is preserved and safeguarded through certain forms of stage activity. Today, it is part of the intangible cultural heritage and ‘lives’ mainly through the community center and the practice of a certain generation.