"AT THIS SITE, A MONUMENT WILL BE INSTALLED": CHISINAU MONUMENTS AND COMMEMORATION PRACTICES DEDICATED TO FORCED SOVIET DEPORTATIONS

Author(s): Kateřina FUKSOVÁ / Language(s): English / Issue: 33/2020

The article deals with the politics of memory in Moldova, emphasizing the memory of the forced Soviet deportations from Moldova in 1941–1951. The article aims to analyse contemporary Moldovan politics of memory and discuss it on the example of Chisinau monuments and commemoration practices dedicated to the forced Soviet deportations. As the main theoretical concept for the analysis of the monuments serves Pierre Nora's term lieux de memoire, which is defined as the symbolic elements of the memorial heritage of any community (Nora, 1989). In the article, three monuments are discussed: 'Monument to the Bessarabians massacred by Bolsheviks', 'Monument in the Memory of Victims of the Soviet Occupation and Totalitarian Soviet Regime' and the 'Train of Sorrow'.

"Die Grafschaft Glatz. Neue Studien zu Geschichte und Literatur. Hrsg. von Jan Pacholski und Matthias Weber

Author(s): Lutz Vogel / Language(s): German / Issue: 4/2019

Review of: Lutz Vogel - "Die Grafschaft Glatz. Neue Studien zu Geschichte und Literatur. Hrsg. von Jan Pacholski und Matthias Weber. (Schlesische Grenzgänger, Bd. 9.) Leipziger Universitätsverlag. Leipzig 2018. 234 S. ISBN 978-3-96023-173-8. (€ 32,–.)

"Ostatni mnich w Orłowej" - powieść historyczna ks. Dominika Ściskały (1887-1945)

Author(s): Anna Bańska-Szuba / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2019

The article contains a historical and literary analysis of the novel The last monk in Orłowa which was written by the Cieszyn clergyman – Dominik Ściskała (1887–1945) and published in Cieszyn by the publishing house of Blessed Jan Sarkander in 1924. The author was engaged in the dispute over the Polish-Czech border in 1919–1920 on behalf of the Union of Silesian Catholics. After losing the fight for the Zaolzie lands he created a historical novel ‘to encourage hearts’ for contemporary compatriots from the Olza River. This article is an attempt to read the novel as a regional “Cieszyn Deluge”. For this purpose, the author presents not only relationships with Sienkiewicz’s work, but also similarities and differences in: the creation of the represented world, the narrative, the construction of time, the use of historical material, and the construction of a real and fictional plan. She also discovers the historiosophical thought which is contained in the novel. She shows the Reformation as an evil that caused a breakdown of unity in faith in the past, and t he division of the native land in the present day. The author also indicates what the thought to give “encouragement to compatriots” is based on, despite the tragic finale of the novel. The analysis and interpretation of the novel by Fr. Ściskała is the first historical and literary attempt of this kind because no one has ever dealt with it before.

"Societatea de Comerț din Timișoara" ("Temeswarer Commercien-Societät") – un experiment eșuat al mercantilismului austriac în Banatul imperial (1723-1730)

Author(s): Costin Feneşan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2020

Occupied de facto in 1716-1717 by the imperial forces, the Banat of Timișoara (Temeswar) became de iure a province of the Habsburg monachy as stipulated by the Treaty of peace at Passarowitz (July 21, 1718) concluded with the Ottoman Empire. Enjoying the status of a direct estate of the Austrian Crown and Court-Chamber, the new acquired territory proved soon to be an excellent field to test the mercantilistic precepts prevailing at the Court in Vienna. Trade was among the favorite domains for these experiences seeking not only an active export of local merchandises but also a positive balance of trade to attract cash in the country and avoid his exportation. The Treaty of commerce concluded with the Ottoman Porte at Passarowitz (July 28, 1718) offered in this view a favourable frame to the commercial relations of the Imperial Banat. In order to restrain and check the deals of the foreign Turkish merchants as well as of the local ones (Greeks/ Macedo-Romanians, Jewish and Serbs), general of cavalry (since 1723 fieldmarshal) count Claudius Florimond de Mercy, the first military and civilian governor of the Banat, a close friend and partner to Prince Eugene of Savoy, president of the Court War Council, recommended 1722 to Emperor Charles VI the establishement of a trade company at Timișoara (Temeswar), the capital-city of the new imperial province. A first temporary agreement was signed on August 23, 1723, the final one was concluded at Timișoara on November 11, 1723 (see the full text in attachment). Among the 14 shareholders (one share being 3000 florins) to the „Commercial Society at Timișoara” subscribed governor Mercy, lieutenant general (fieldmarshal-lieutenant) count Wallis, commander of the fortress of Timișoara and military counsellor to the Banatic Administration (appointed as well as managing director of the trade company), the civilian counsellors Rebentisch and Haan and even a Serbian merchant, Jovan Bibitsch (Bibić). The amount of the subscribed capital raised to 49.000 florins. As for the trade articles, wax and honey ranged on the top. As a consequence of the auspicious start, the „Commercial Society at Timișoara” got a substantial support form the Court Chamber. Therefore, on March 8, 1725, on governor Mercy’s initiative, at Vienna was signed a new company-agreement (see the full text in attachment). According to this, the subscribed capital of the 21 shareholders – among them the Imperial Office of State Revenues with three shares of 3000 florins each, and three civilian and military advisors to the Imperial Court – raised to 86.000 florins. The commercial house owed by the brothers Palm at Vienna (having subscribed for one share) was appointed to manage all trade operations of the „Commercial Society” abroad, while at Timișoara were left only the pay office and two officials to deal with the acquisition and sending of merchandises. Following governor Mercy’s insistences, the new company-agreement was stipulating the establishment of a manufacture for tweed and textile (effectively built in 1726) in order to provide the local market an to try a trade abroad. According to the company-agreement, the main merchandises to commerce were yellow and white wax, salted sturgeon and sturgeon-roe, honey and lard. A special attention was payed to the trade with copper, produced by the foundies in the Imperial Banat and put at the disposition of the „Commercial Society” by the Court Chamber through the Banatic Administration. Inspite the substantial support of the Court Chamber, the businesses of the trade company decreased constantly, especially after 1728, due to the stiff competition, to hazardous deals or to governor Mercy’s longe absence from home (the governor and fieldmarshal was killed 1734 in a battle near Parma). Deprived of any official support, this mercantilist experiment in the Imperial Banat failed after 1730. In the very large report on the Banat and its problems presented in 1734 to general count Hamilton, the new governor, no more word is lost about the „Commercial Society at Timișoara”.

"Społem" PSS Wadowice - zarys historii

Author(s): Andrzej Kotowiecki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 23/2020

In the introduction, the Author presents a brief historical outline of the cooperative movement in Poland. The activity of Common Cooperative of Consumers „Społem” Wadowice, based on the chronicle of this organization, was presented with particular emphasis on its development in the first post-war years. The author characterized the contribution of cooperatives to the development of the city, the local service market and entrepreneurship. The whole ends with a summary in which he emphasizes that the transformations of the 1990s led to an almost complete collapse of this form of socio-economic activity.

(...) the poor monastery here has been consumed by fire, impoverished, abandoned (...) − Remarks on the Oldest Catalogue of Priors of the Dominican Monastery in Oświęcim

Author(s): Wiktor Szymborski / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

The aim of this essay was to present the catalogue of priors of the Dominican Monastery in Oświęcim. The subject of analysis was the oldest preserved catalogue of priors, kept in the collections of Dominican archive in Cracow – this particular catalogue was set down at the beginning of the 17th century. The other most important sources concerning the history of the Oświęcim Dominicans were also discussed, works that can be found in archives in Cracow, Wrocław, Lviv and Rome. Among the Oświęcim priors, one can find Father Mikołaj Ursinus, who was behind the plan to divide the Polish province into two. One can also find royal confessors, preachers at Wawel Cathedral, and figures who likewise served as prior of Cracow’s Dominican monastery. One of the priors was Father Leonard Niezabitowski, who, according to Dominican tradition, translated the Bible into Polish.

(ANTI)EMANCIPATORSKI DISKURSI U JUGOSLOVENSKIM ČASOPISIMA ZA DECU

Author(s): Stanislava Barać / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 159/2020

(Re)konstruowanie narracji – działanie w przestrzeni publicznej – edukacja. Postpamięć zagłady Żydów lubelskich: studium przypadku

Author(s): Marta Kubiszyn / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 65/2020

Although originally the term ‘post-memory’ referred to the experiences and memories of the survivors that influenced the biographies of their children, in the following years its meaning was extended and the concept started to be used to describe the processes of transmitting the memory of any traumatic experience within any group, not necessarily bound by blood. In the case of Lublin, where one third of the pre-war community consisted of Jews, most of whom were murdered during World War II, the position of non-Jewish vicarious witnesses seems to be particularly important. This article discusses some aspects of the Holocaust post-memory discourse referring to the cultural activities of the ‘Grodzka Gate – NN Theatre’ Centre. Research questions will concern the artistic language and means of expression of these projects as well as the aesthetic codes that are being used by vicarious witnesses.

(Не)једнаке и непослушне патријархату: прве српске лекарке Драга Љочић Милошевић и Смиља Костић-Јоксић и њихово место у друштву

Author(s): Ivana Pantelić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2021

This paper analyses professional biographies of the first female Serbian doctor Draga Ločić Milošević (1855–1926) and Smilja Kostić-Joksić (1895–1981), a female paediatrician and a professor at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade. Although they did not belong to the same generation, their biographies have so much in common. Similarities are obvious especially considering their social status and political and intellectual elite’s attitude towards first educated women. Draga Ločić, the first woman with diploma in medicine from Zurich University, was not able to find the job in the state medical institutions after returning to Belgrade. Only after being persistent and taking additional professional exams she managed to get position but only as a medical assistant, with twice lower salary than her male colleagues. She did not manage to achieve equal status until the end of the professional career. Doctor Draga Ločić was a philanthropist, feminist and active suffragette. Her professional and educational heiress, female paediatrician and scientist Smilja Kostić-Joksić, managed to become a part of the intellectual elite but to a limited extend. Before the beginning of World War II she had an assistant status and was a woman with the highest academic status in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In the socialist Yugoslavia due to ideological disagreements, she was dismissed from the University. These two biographies are evident examples how concept of public patriarchy functions in practice. Public patriarchy is not conditioned with any chronological nor ideological context but instead, it is always present and dominant within the discourse of women’s position in the society.

,,Cinci luni in Tara Somaliilor" - carte document a Printului Nicolae Ghika despre prima expeditie romaneasca in Cornul Oriental al Africii

Author(s): Dorina Rogobete / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 5/2016

Les princes roumains Dimitrie et Nicolae GHIKA, père et fils ont entrepris une prestigieuse expédition en Afrique, à partir du mois d’octobre 1895, pendant cinq mois. Le livre Cinq mois au Pays des Somalis, écrit en français par Nicolae Ghika, est parru à Genève en 1897. Ce livre magnifique a été traduit en roumain et a été publié à l’édition Mega de Cluj, en 2015. La traduction du livre nous permet d’apprécier une fois de plus les réelles compétences des explorateurs roumains, leurs aptitudes, le courage et le vrai talent d’écrivain de Nicolae Ghika

1 Decembrie la Cluj-Napoca (1949-2004). Anatomia unei sărbători

Author(s): Elena Bărbulescu,Constantin Bărbulescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 7/2005

Cercetarea comemorărilor lui 1 Decembrie în Clujul postrevoluționar este realizată pe două paliere: unul etnologic, folosind metoda anchetei participative, și un al doilea istoric, constând în analiza discursului presei și a celui istoriografic. Cu alte cuvinte, într-o primă parte studiul trece în revistă modul cum după 1989 a fost comemorat 1 Decembrie la Cluj-Napoca, face un istoric al evoluției sărbătorilor comemorative, iar într-o parte secundă se reconstituie destinul semnificației Unirii în perioada 1948-1989. În intervalul 1948-1968 nu există comemorări oficiale ale evenimentelor din 1918, iar discursul istoriografic recuperează timid după 1960 o semnificație națională a evenimentelor de la 1 Decembrie. Comemorarea explodează fastuos în 1968 cu ocazia semicentenarului și va căpăta tot mai multă importanță, direct proporțional cu poziția tot mai independentă a regimului Ceaușescu față de URSS. Comemorarea este un eveniment simbolic direct subordonat discursului politic. Dar și discursul istoriografic este supus celui politic; anul 1968 reprezintă și relansarea temei Marii Uniri în istoriografia română, temă care de acum și până în 1989 are un destin asigurat. De fapt, destinul postrevoluționar al lui 1 Decembrie nu poate fi nici măcar imaginat în absența recuperării sale în ultimele trei decenii ale perioadei comuniste. Din acest punct de vedere avem de-a face cu o continuitate.

1. Dywizja Kościuszkowców, red. nauk. B. Bębenek, A. Koseski, Wydawnictwa Akademii Humanistycznej im. Aleksandra Gieysztora, Pułtusk 2018, ss. 193

Author(s): Kamil Anduła / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2019

100-годишен юбилей на петричкото читалище „Братя Миладинови"

Author(s): Todor Tarakov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2014

1189-1207 წლების ლიპარიტისუბნის სააღმშენებლო წარწერა ერთიანი საქართველოს მეფეების, თამარისა და მისი მეუღლის, დავითის მოხსენიებით

Author(s): TAMAZ GOGOLADZE / Language(s): Georgian / Issue: 4/2020

The paper deals with a new reading of a lapidary inscription attributed to the Theodore, concerning construction of the Liparitisubani church. Significant correction has been introduced into the text.Until this day, Georgian historiography (A. Bakradze, E. Kochlamazashvili, Z. Skhirtladze, G.Otkhmezuri) considered the reading of the above text introduced by Ekvtime Takaishvili acceptable.According to this reading, the church of Liparitisubani was built in XIIth century by Theodore, the“Iodosisdze” of the Qeen Tamar (1184-1210) and, her husband David. According to one part of Scientists(G. Otkhmezuri) founder of church was Theodore Iodomisdze. Our study has shown that the inscription must be read in a different way: The church of Liparitisubani was built in 1189-1207 by Theodore Ghodomisdze.

135 години Варненско медицинско дружество – юбилейна книга

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2019

1848-1918. 70 de pași pe calea emancipării naționale în Sătmar

Author(s): Viorel Câmpean,Marta Cordea / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: LIX/Sup/2020

The study highlights the main moments attesting the Romanians’ struggle for national emancipation in the northwest of the country, Satu Mare and surroundings, by mentioning those historical documents that attest to this struggle, starting with the revolutionary year 1848, continuing with the efforts to establish in 1859 the first Romanian language school in the city and then the Astra Division, the Memorandum movement on the Satu Mare fields, the protest against adherence to the Episcopate of Hajdúdorog, the participation of the Romanian delegates on 1 December 1918 in Alba Iulia and the bloody events that followed in the coming months in this corner of the country.

1876 Yılında Edirne Vilayeti’ndeki Asayiş Problemleri (826 Numaralı Ayniyat Defteri Verilerine Göre)

Author(s): Arzu Taşcan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 01/2021

Ayniyat notebooks are the notebooks where the writings sent from Sadaret in the XIXth century to the provincial administrators, ministries and other authorities were recorded exactly. There are registries about the administrative, financial, military, legal, social and other different matters in these notebooks. The main aim of this study is to determine public order problems which were reflected in the documents sent by Sadaret to the Edirne province in 1876 and are in the 826 numbered Ayniyat notebook. The documents in this notebook contain short letters sent to the province. In the letters, to the provincial administrators were informed about what they should do in front of complaints and requests of the public. The documents determined from the notebook on public order problems are about pillage, extortion, robbery, murder, damaging the crop and property, settling on someone else's property by force, land and pasture conflicts. The behavior of the administrators in provinces and state in the face of public complaints about these events that occurred in 1876 and earlier were scrutinized in the context of the documents in the notebook.

1887 Nüfus Sayımına Göre Bulgaristan Burgaz İlinde Etnik Yapının Mekânsal Dağılımı

Author(s): Beycan Hocaoğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 01/2021

The results of the census of 1887 which was published in 1888 by the smallest settlements provide an understanding of the religion, language and to some extent the migration characteristics of the population during the transition from Turkish authority to Bulgarian dominance. The aim of this study is to show the spatial distribution of these characteristics by mapping them in the possible smallest settlement. As a result, it has been seen that the Turks and Muslims have been concentrated mostly to the northern borders of the province especially where the Deli Kamçık strait connects Burgaz to Varna and is an important chokepoint to the “Sağ Kol” while the Orthodox Greeks are in majority at the most of the coastal cities such as Sozopol, Burgaz, Anhialo and Mesemvri. Bulgarian Orthodox population is located in the southern part of the province while to the north gradually Bulgarian coexists with the Turkish population.

1911’DE KUDÜS’TEKİ İZİNSİZ KAZILAR VE MEBUSAN MECLİSİNDE’Kİ YANSIMALARINA DAİR KISA BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): Burhan SAYILIR / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 49/2021

The study includes the process of unauthorized excavations of Montagu Brownlow Parker, son of the Count of Morley, in search of treasure in Solomon's Temple, which is thought to be under the Temple Mount, which has been recorded in the literature as the Parker Mission. When Parker and his entourage reached Jerusalem, serious chaos ensued, because there were no archaeologists on the team, and this was the most important issue in the discussions. Parker's activities in Istanbul have began to be followed with suspicion. After a while, Jerusalem Deputies Sa'd-El-Huseyni and Ruhi El-Halidî Beys submitted a parliamentary question to the Internal Affairs Ministry to confirm the information they obtained from Parker's activities in Jerusalem. In the parliamentary question, it was asked that there were rumors about the abduction of the ancient artifacts found in the legal and illegal excavations in the Sahara-yı Musharrefe / Kubbetu-Sahara region in Masjid-i Aqsa and whether any action was taken on this issue, and whether any work was carried out to retrieve these artifacts. After intense discussions in the parliament, it was decided to establish an investigation commission on this issue. However, the outbreak of the First World War and the developments that followed have prevented this commission from doing its work properly.

1923-1980 Yılları Arasında Isparta Sanayisi ve Ekonomiye Katkıları

Author(s): Esin Yüzbaşi,Byram Akça / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 28/2021

In this study, the industrial activities of Isparta province between 1923 and 1980 and the contributions of these activities to Isparta economy have been investigated. In Isparta, the sectors of rose farming, rose oil manufacturing and carpet weaving have directed the city’s economy. Besides these, small handicrafts made with old methods in Isparta,which are weaving, leatherwork, shoe-making, coppersmithing, rope making and blacksmithing, continued to exist but their impact on the economy decreased with industrialization. Thanks to the economic policies implemented in Turkey during the republican era, important factories were founded between the years 1923 and 1980. Especially in the early 1970s, different industrial sectors developed, cement, feed, forest products processing, biscuit, fruit juice and garment factories have been opened and thanks to these, the number of products that Isparta exports and the level of gross provincial income due to industry increased. These factories, which hold a significant place in Isparta industry,made contributions to both city economy and that of the country. Thanks to the economic policies implemented in Turkey during the Republican era, industrialization increased and by 1978; the share of Isparta industry in the gross provincial product increased to 15.1%, and with this rate, Isparta industry became the second largest contributor to the city’s economy after the agricultural sector’s share of 25.1%.