Recepcia Erazma Rotterdamského a uhorských erazmovcov vo Vedomostiach Mateja Bela

Author(s): Imrich Nagy / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 18/2015

The work Notitia Hungariae novae by Matej Bel (Bél Mátyás) is based on rich historical source material depicting the character of life in described historic times. For the purpose of em‐ phasizing concrete era or historic figure, it often publishes historic source in its all extent (in extenso). Letters from correspondence of the great figure of Transalpine humanism Erasmus of Rotterdam also belong to such type of source. Matej Bel (Bél Mátyás) used them in the case of three persons whose life destiny is related to history of Hungary. These persons are Esztergom archbishop Mikuláš Oláh (Oláh Miklós), Wroclaw bishop Ján Turzo (Thurzó János) and Olomouc bishop Stanislav Turzo (Thurzó Szaniszló). At this time, all of them are marked as Erasmists, i.e. the most important Central European representants and propaga‐ tors of humanist ideas of Erasmus of Rotterdam. Matej Bel (Bél Mátyás) wanted to illustrate the meaning of these historic figures through the content of their letters that they exchanged with Erasmus as the most significant humanist scholar. It follows persisting response and reception of Erasmus of Rotterdam in Hungary even at the beginning of the 18th century. Slovak commented edition of letters from the correspondence of Erasmus of Rotterdam with Turzo (Thurzó) family that Matej Bel (Bél Mátyás) used in his work is presented in a supple‐ ment.

Antik demokrácia és középkori joguralom. Benjamin Constant 19. századi szabadságeszméjének kritikája és a középkor

Author(s): Zoltán Kelemen / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2015

Darwin’s Greatest Secret Exposed: Response to Grzegorz Malec’s De Facto Fact Denying Review of My Book

Author(s): Mike Sutton / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2016

Grzegorz Malec’s “There Is No Darwin’s Greatest Secret”, a review of my book Nullius in Verba: Darwin’s Greatest Secret, takes one extremely minor finding from my book and, despite his best efforts, manages to disconfirm just one of thirty examples of that minor finding. He then takes that one disconfirmed mere minor example and presents it as evidence that he has disconfirmed all the original major findings in my book. By so doing, his deceptive review goes far beyond the counter-academic deviance of mere cherry picking, it is more a case of gross misrepresentation to the point of de facto fact denial amounting to historic revisionist behaviour.

Светът на Бога ... светът на човека. Новоразкрити-те сцени от Сътворението в подиконните табли на иконостаса в църквата „Св. Николай Мирликийс-ки“ в село Челопеч

Author(s): Liubomira Stephanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Christian ideas about human link to God are based on Old-Testament texts about Creation and influenced by Ancient philosophical thought, explaining the beginning of the world. From the works of the first Christian writers, and during whole Medieval ages, world of perception is being represented as creation of God in His initial shape of Logos. Depictions do not have only narrative character but they translate by image definite transcendent states of mind that exceed the ideas of ontological time. Heaven created by Triune God is represented in its verbal depiction as natural environment of transcendental first humans in their initial state. Couple of Adam and Eve is included in the representation of Creation not as ordinary historical narrative, but in the context of cosmogonic structure of the world, where they are part of harmonious whole. Symbolic language of Western European tradition gives rational sense to being, while eastern ideas insist on spiritual contemplation of images. Tree becomes unifying point of building of symbolic borders dividing and uniting transcendent and immanent aspects of being.

On the biography of Leonard Marcin Świeykowski

(Rev.: D. Rolnik, Leonarda Marcina Świeykowskiego [1721–1793] ostatniego wojewody podolskiego życie codzienne i polityczne oraz myśli o Rzeczypospolitej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2016, pp. 756)

Author(s): Andrzej Stroynowski / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Massenmedien als Diskriminierungs – und Propagandamittel am Beispiel von Jehovas Zeugen in der UdSSR

Author(s): Justyna Haas / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2017

Jehovah’s Witnesses were banned as a religious community in the USSR. It was only after the collapse of the Soviet Union that the first registrations of the recognized religious communities followed in the territory of the Soviet Republics. In the Soviet Union, the government used media as a propaganda tool to create the image of Jehovah’s Witnesses as an anti-social and harmful group. They were accused of political activities, espionage to the US, and antisocial behavior. The films and press were used. The manipulation of information was based on agitations, false information, halftruths, political agitation and slander. The consequence of this was a wide-ranging discrimination against the witnesses. Their children got poorer grades, and employers refused to accept the money and leave. In order to win Jehovah’s Witnesses for Communist ideology and to break down organizational structures, the security services of the Eastern Bloc were working together, and in particular the Ministry of State Security of the GDR made a great contribution to this area. After 1990, the persecuted Jehovah’s Witnesses were rehabilitated. They received victim cards and compensation money. Both in Russia and other postsovskaya republics there are tendencies to the progressive restriction of freedom of expression and religion. Since March 2015, the importation of literature from Jehovah’s Witnesses to Russia has been banned. In July 2015, their official website was forbidden. The public prosecutor’s office investigates some of Jehovah’s Witnesses because of their religious activities. On July 17, 2017 the Supreme Court of Russia confirmed its earlier ruling that criminalized the activity of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Russia. Jehovah’s Witnesses have submitted 28 applications to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) because of the allegations of extremism and related maladministration. In 2015, the US Human Rights Commission reiterated its recommendations to Russia, which had previously been addressed (in 2003 and 2009), “to revise the law to combat extremist activities”.

JOACHIM LELEWEL WOBEC REFORMACJI. SYNTEZY I PODRĘCZNIKI HISTORII POLSKI

Author(s): Sławomir Zieliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2017

In the article the author presents the views of Joachim Lelewel – one of the greatest Polish historians of the 19th century – on the place and function of the Reformation in Poland. The subject of the analysis were Lelewel’s main synthetic and academic works. Joachim Lelewel as one of the first Polish historians drew attention to the complexity and origins of the Reformation; he also differentiated between the Reformation and the Protestantism. He noticed the influence of the Reformation on the development of Polish culture and emphasized the uniqueness of Polish tolerance against the background of bloody events in Western Europe. He also emphasized that the idea of Reformation was unfamiliar to the Polish people, as opposed to the tolerance, which was a part of our national identity. He saw the origins of intolerance and religious persecutions in the very Reformation itself. Lelewel at the early stage of his studies approached the Reformation in a more enthusiastic manner. In exile he became more sceptical, and in Catholicism he saw the power capable of uniting the nation.

László Kontler – Mark Somos (eds): Trust and Happiness in the History of European Political Thought

Author(s): Zoltán Gábor Szűcs / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 72/2018

László Kontler – Mark Somos (eds): Trust and Happiness in the History of European Political Thought.Brill, Leiden, 2017. 481 oldal.

Радован Вукадиновић и Лидија Чехулић-Вукадиновић: „Европска идеја од Карла Великог до Европске Уније“, ЦАНУ, Подгорица 2016.

Author(s): Saša Knežević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2015

Activitatea Misiunii Ortodoxe Române în Transnistria (1941-1944)

Author(s): Nicolae Fuştei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2018

In the present article the basic aspects of activity of Romanian Orthodox Mission in Transnistria during the Second World War (1941-1944) are analyzed.The author concludes that the main objective of Romanian politics was the re-Christianization of the occupied territory of the USSR.The situation of the Orthodox Church in Transnistria was catastrophic in 1941.Only one church operated on the whole territory between the Dniester and Bug, in Odessa, with one priest. Other churches were completely destroyed (235 churches) or turned into clubs, shops, libraries, etc.Romanian authorities instructed to restore church life in this region to a special Orthodox mission, which from 1941 to 1944 achieved certain results: most of the churches closed by the Bolsheviks were restored and returned to believers; the necessary clergymen were appointed to the parishes; several monasteries were reopened; two theological seminaries were opened; religious books and textbooks were printed, over 20 church newspapers and magazines were published.All these actions had a favorable effect on the restoration of religious life in Transnistria.

PUSHKIN’S EXILE IN THE SOUTH. FOR A HISTORY OF THE IDEAS OF EUROPEAN ROMANTICISM ON THE ROMA

Author(s): TUDOR Ciprian / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In The Gypsies, Pushkin engages in a cultural dialogue with Byron's orientalism, on the one hand, and J. J. Rousseau’s primitivism, on the other (aiming to test Rousseau’s concept of the ‘noble savage’, who lives in a state of lawlessness, in harmony with nature, removed from the norms of civilization). Already in the 19th c., however, the poem was read almost exclusively in a simplistically autobiographical key, as an illustration of an alleged contact of the poet with a group of Gypsies, which took place during the poet’s exile in Bessarabia. This article explores the possibility of an autobiographical reading of the poem, and of the putative “local” sources of the poet during his stay in Bessarabia. Ultimately, we contend that far from being an ethnographical description of Roma people, or an autobiographical account of some wild love affair of the poet with an “untamed Gypsy woman”, in fact, the 1824 poem represents a brilliant fictionalisation of the Gypsies, and that, moreover, a Romanian folklore piece plays a crucial role in the underlying significations of the text.

DR. ING. ION Şt. BASGAN - INVENTATORUL FORAJULUI LA MARE ADÂNCIME, UN NUME DE REFERINŢĂ ÎN DOMENIILE ŞTIINŢEI ŞI TEHNICII MONDIALE

Author(s): I. Gabriel Năstase / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 40/2019

This year marks 100 years since the great Romanian inventor George (Gogu) Constantinescu (October 4, 1881 - December 12, 1965) developed the „Sonicity theory” which subsequently had many important applications, including in the oil and gas industry. Founder of „sonicity theory”, he had many disciples, among the most representative of his memory of Romanian and world science and technology were the inventor of deep drilling, Ion Șt. Basgan and Prof. PhD. Alexandru Dan T. Măruță. 

THE ENCOMIUMS BY MICHAEL PSELLOS DEDICATED TO THE AUGUSTA EUDOKIA MAKREMBOLITISSA

Author(s): Jasmina Šaranac Stamenković,Irena Ljubomirović / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2019

Based on interpretation of original sources of information found in the encomium dedicated to Augusta Eudokia Makrembolitissa, written after the Empress married the Roman military leader Romanos Diogenes by Michael Psellos, one of the most distinguished philosophers, rhetoricians and politicians of the 11th century, this study highlights the exceptional significance of imperial speeches as an inevitable part of Byzantine imperial ceremony serving as political propaganda. Psellos dedicated another two of the so-called minor encomiums to Eudokia Makrembolitissa, which refer to the Augusta’s panegyric found in the imperial speech dedicated to Michael VII Doukas, the first-born son of Eudokia and Constantine X Doukas and the speech created in honour of Romanos Diogenes’ enthronement. By comparing historical records, this paper also investigates the way in which the Augusta Eudokia was presented in the aforementioned imperial speeches.

Succesiune și serie în logica istoriei la Xenopol

Author(s): Vasile Florea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: VI/1974

Articolul este un studiu al operei lui A.D. Xenopol.

Миомир Дашић ”О историји – методолошки огледи”, ЦАНУ 2019.

Author(s): Radenko Šćekić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2018

Problematica filosofiei istoriei la Vasile Pârvan și principiile abordării ei

Author(s): Virgil Catargiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XI/1979

Illustre archéologue et historien, Vasile Pârvan a réussi, dans des ouvrages d'ample résonnance (Les Gètes, 1926, La Dacie, 1928), à exprimer et à approfondir le cadre général de l'ethnogenèse du peuple roumain. Par ses implications, ainsi que par une série d'écrits spéciaux, l'œuvre de l'historien a une visible teinte philosophique : elle aborde une discipline philosophique qui généralise les données de l'histoire comme science et comme processus historique objectif - la philosophie de l'histoire. Malgré certaines ambigüités, contradictions et son caractère idéaliste prédominant, sa conception constitue une contribution remarquable au développement de la philosophie roumaine de l'histoire. Elle comporte deux fonctions principales : une fonction d'épistémologie et de méthodologie des sciences historiques et une fonction de conception, d'ample synthèse, sur l'existence, en général, et sur le devenir historique comme processus objectif, en spécial. Les deux fonctions se rencontrent dans un chaleureux hommage à la créativité humaine et ont comme finalité l'ennoblissement de notre existence. Le penseur Vasile Pârvan nous offre, dans une forme poétique puissamment lyrique et musicale, une esquisse holisteécosmologique de l'univers, d'interprétation dialectique et unitaire du monde, y compris de la société, de l'homme et de son histoire. La philosophie de l'histoire, chez Vasile Pârvan, n'est pas seulement une somme de solutions au devenir de l'existence humaine, de l'histoire et de la possibilité de la connaissance historique : c'est, en même temps, vu une visible insatisfaction devant le présent du monde, une option sur la manière dont le monde devrait être. La problématique de la philosophie de l'histoire chez Vasile Pârvan est complexe, pleine de contradictions, mais ces contradictions cachent une ligne fondamentale qui résulte de l'érudition et de la vocation scientifique de l'historien. Il a eu confiance au progrès de l'humanité, a milité pour les valeurs pérennes, "généralement humaines" de la culture et de la civilisation.

Társadalmi többnyelvűség és a szekuritizáció folyamatai

Author(s): Peter Haslinger / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2020

Descoperiri recente privitoare la biografia și scrierile lui Mattei Dogan (1920-2010)

Author(s): Cristian Preda / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4+5(20+21)/2020

The article is an homage to the political scientist Mattei Dogan, one hundred years after his birth. I used documents from the University of Bucharest and ACSIER archives in order to recover a part of the biography of the French scholar of Jewish Romanian origin. The text reveals one of Dogan’s unknown article, dated 1946, and the review written by G. Călinescu for Dogan’s first book, the only one he published in Romanian.

A modernitás alternatívái és az „agrárista” eszmék hatása a paraszti társadalmakra

Author(s): János Fritz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2015

Bauerngesellschaften auf dem Weg in die Moderne. Agrarismus in Ostmitteleuropa 1880 bis 1960. Hrsg. v. Schultz, Helga–Harre, Angela. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010. 296 p.

Câteva consideraţii istorice asupra teoriilor de rezistenţă

Author(s): Garabet Kumbetlian,Alexandra Niță / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2009

This paper presents the chronological evolution of the main strength criterias. We show the manner which that criterias were experimental confirmed or infirmed.