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Приоритети в управлението на образованието в контекста на проектите на Програма Образование (2021- 2027)

Author(s): Maria Yankova-Mladenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Programme Education 2021-2027 is a key instrument for addressing major challenges in the education system with a total budget of over 1.9 billion BGN. The programme is co-financed by the European Social Fund+ (ESF+) with nearly 1.539 billion BGN, as well as from the state budget of the Republic of Bulgaria. The article presents the key priorities and management strategies of the programme.

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Възможност за трансформация по отношение на финансирането на здравното осигуряване в България

Author(s): Teodora Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The complicated financial situation in healthcare in Bulgaria is determined by demographic and socio-economic factors. The rapid rate of population aging, the decrease in the number of people of working age and the increased levels of migration are one of the reasons for the formation of high costs for compulsory health insurance in the country. Therefore, not enough high revenues from health insurance contributions are accumulated to meet the regularly rising annual health costs. The situation with the spread of Covid-19 infection over the past two years has exacerbated the negative financial effects in the health insurance sector. Transformation is needed through a radical proposal for a health development scenario. The main direction is to lay three pillars of the insurance model.

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Пенсионните фондове във фокуса на зелените инвестиции

Author(s): Milena Beneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Implementation of environmental, social and governance factors into the investment process is often defined as the "new normal" or as a "point of no returns". Europe is a leading region in sustainable and responsible investing and the extremely dynamic EU legislation in this area has the potential to strengthen the leadership role of the continent. Many pension funds incorporate extrafinancial factors into their investment process, convinced that they generate benefits for their members and beneficiaries, as well as for nature. This paper aims to analyze the investment policy of voluntary pension funds in Bulgaria in the context of a sustainable and responsible approach.

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Ефективността на ЕНМ според програмата за оценка на финансовия сектор

Author(s): Milena Pesheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current paper presents the criteria, which represent the basis of the Financial Stability Assessment Programme, conducted by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Additionally, the paper analyses the assessment for the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) and the main recommendations of the IMF. The goal of the paper is to present an objective evaluation of the development of banking supervision in the Euroarea, as well as the necessary amendments to increase the effectiveness of the SSM.

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Фасилити решения при ваксинационния процес във Военномедицинска академия – София

Author(s): Anton Pramatarov,Georgi Kukushev,Silvia Trifonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

At the end of 2020, in Bulgaria the vaccination process against COVID-19 started, according to the National Vaccination Plan approved by the Minister of Health. As of February 10, 2022, more than 2 million people have been fully vaccinated with the approved vaccines in Bulgaria – Moderna, BioNTech/Pfizer, Janssen, Astra Zeneka. The aim of this study is to analyze the measures and solutions in terms of the theory of Facility Management, which are designed to help both the good management and proper reconstruction of the space in the central building of the Military Medical Academy – General Hospital for Active Treatment, Sofia, as well as for the organization and provision of the vaccination process of the population. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the key aspects of the National Vaccination Plan in the Republic of Bulgaria, the development and use of safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19, the vaccination campaign against coronavirus infection in Bulgaria and the results of the vaccination process. The number of vaccinated persons with completed vaccination course against COVID-19 in Bulgaria is monitored.

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German Energy Policy – New Challenges in Times of War

Author(s): Knut Abraham / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The European citizen expect from the German economy to become a proof of concept for the real energy transformation process, migrating from fossil power generation and nuclear power plants to a carbon neutral energy industry. By the utilization of the vision for the Green Deal in Europe – ending nuclear, coal and gas energy use simultaneously is an ambitious approach. It is nevertheless the obligation of the decision makers to preserve our planet and solve the imminent threat posed by climate change. Germany’s new government imperatively has to find answers on how to secure supply, limit the economic impact of this transition and diversify our energy sources throughout Europe. Tendencies – especially among the currently governing party, the Greens – to reject certain options out of pure ideology must be overcome in order to find the best solutions. The following overview is focused on the critical processes in the German economic model related to the post-COVID and Ukraine crisis and the response needed to remain on course towards the green transition.

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Space Geopolitics in 2022

Author(s): Boris Manov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ever since the dawn of men, there has been a captivation with distant stars and the blue sky. The ideological competition between the two superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States leads to remarkable discoveries and extraordinary accomplishments in outer space. The culmination of this contest was humanity’s first step on the Moon and the widely accepted American victory against the Soviet Union in the first Space Race. Fifty-three years later, the fascinating nature of outer space still prevails with new participants looking to make their mark and an old competitive nature still driving human progress. The geopolitics of space since the beginning of 2022, have had alternating dynamics, due to various factors, perhaps leading to significant vicissitudes in the balance of power.

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Устойчивост на веригите за доставка в контекста на европейската фармацевтична индустрия

Author(s): Valentin Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The global pharmaceutical supply chains continue to suffer from delays in production processes, resource shortages, lack of capacity, etc., initially caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and additionally complicated afterwards by a number of political and economic issues. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the level of adoption of sustainable supply chain models by the European pharmaceutical business. The research methods include induction, deduction and case studies. The results show that despite the challenges which the European pharmaceutical companies have faced, they successfully reach their sustainable development goals and as one of the spheres with highest levels of innovations, they are expected to be well prepared and less vulnerable in a case of future turbulent events.

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Европейският съюз в световната икономика. Перспективи за развитие на ЕС в световните икономически и политически организации

Author(s): Valko Dzhankardashliyski / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the last 40 years, the world has gone through many dynamic economic processes. The division of the world into two opposing economic and military camps led to a definite change in the understanding of progress in the socialist form of economic development. The transition from one policy of governance to another gave prospects and freedom of choice to the new, young economies. The idea of the EC grew into the unification of the countries of continental Europe into one economic and political union in order to compete with the economies of countries such as the USA, China and various other economic and political unions. Participating in alliances is an old practice that, on a micro scale, has happened relatively easily until today. When we talk about the unification of several countries in order to gain some competitive advantages or advantages in the economy, diplomatic relations or the security of a common territory or border, the conditions for such a process of negotiations and agreements are complicated. Nowadays, the EU competes with the economies and political interests of the US, BRICS, SCO, with some EU countries participating in other alliances such as NATO (not participating but EU members, Austria, Ireland, Malta, Sweden), WTO and others. The report traces the development of the EU and its prospects for development in cooperation with various political and economic unions.

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Инициативата „Три морета“ като отговор на икономическите и геополитическите предизвикателства

Author(s): Dilyana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Three Seas Initiative is a political project, launched in 2016 by twelve European member states of the European Union, which share a close geographical location, historical and political development and face similar economic, political and social challenges. The article presents the concept, priorities and development of the Initiative, confirms the relevance of the agreed goals, as well as the contribution for development of the countries from Central and East Europe and the European Union in the fields of energy, infrastructure and digital inter-connectivity.

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Балканското икономическо сътрудничество – фактор за евроинтеграция в региона

Author(s): Ashot Kazaryan / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report aims to show the prospects and the possible directions of economic cooperation of the Balkan countries, respectively, its positive impact on European integration- those processes in the region. Using data provided by the World Bank and the UN we will follow for the same period the state of the economies of the Balkan countries and factors influencing their development. IN the report does not include Turkey, as there are no data for its European part. The questions we will seek answers to are - whether there are good practices in these countries according to the examined indicators, whether the exchange of experience from regarding these practices can have a beneficial impact on prosperity in region and whether good cooperation with EU member states would contribute brought about the European integration of the other countries.

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The Power BRICS Geopolitical Game

Author(s): Karim Naama / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The world changes rapidly due to discoveries and innovations in the field of technology. The interests of the BRICS countries and their common goals intersect to move towards new global economy and to lay the foundations of a multipolar international system. In order to accomplish such a goal, the BRICS group faces the challenge of conducting organizational activities. The significance of the ‘five’ countries in the world economy increases with their joint efforts as a geopolitical group. The economic success of the five states ensures their active role in the UN, IMF, WB, WTO. The present study aims at demonstrating how the historical geopolitical change takes place highlighting its real and objective reasons related both to the development of the world economy and the alteration in the structure and fundamentals of international relations in the 21st century with the emergence of new political economic organizations and alliances.

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Europe – Between Culture and Institutions

Author(s): Veselin Vasilev,Todor Belenski / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of the report is to stir up academic discussion on the current political determinants in the European Union. Set around the juxtaposition of the two classic texts on whether national economic growth is based on cultural or solely institutional factors – “Does culture affect economic outcomes?” by Guiso, Sapienza, Zingales and “Institutions as a fundamental cause of long-run growth” by Robinson, Acemoglu and Johnson, the report is using the strong polemics of both articles. The report additionally fits examples of national economies across the EU to test the frameworks of both articles and to initiate further discussion.

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The Rapidly Growing Euroscepticism - A Result of the Internal Political Processes in the Member States of the European Union

Author(s): Todor Kondarev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The report "The rapidly growing Euroscepticism - a result of the internal political processes in the member states of the European Union" presents the realities and challenges facing the European Union in recent years, namely one of them is the growing Euroscepticism towards the project for a united Europe. The European values that have been fundamental to the construction of the European project, uniting for more than several decades free, democratic and peace-loving countries, are being tested given the desire of more and more EU citizens to strengthen the influence of the national states represented in the European structures, and the institutions of the Union to have less and less influence over the decisions in the legislative process of the individual member states, giving the prerogative of national law over European laws. Euroscepticism even takes an extreme form with some European parties represented in the political system of the countries, agitating for their departure and disintegration of the Community. The scientific report also presents and analyzes in detail the reasons and factors influencing public opinion in the EU, which led to the alienation of people from the political system of the Union, strengthening the desire for national separatism from the European institutional structures. Euroscepticism is becoming increasingly influential, both in the member states that laid the foundation for the creation of the EU after the end of the Second World War, and in the more recently joined former totalitarian states that have been democracies since 1989, a period associated with the end of the Cold War.

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Analysis of Production Structure of the Gross Added Value of the CEE and Eurozone Countries

Author(s): Silvia Gospodinova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the report, the analysis was carried out through a set of indicators that characterize the economic condition and convergence of the CEE countries with the Eurozone. The study covers the period from 2000 to 2022, using official statistical data from Eurostat. The indicators used in the study have been selected on the basis of their importance for the socio-economic development of each country and the EU, and to ensure that the information on this indicators is as complete as possible, i.e. that there are no gaps in some national statistical series.

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Society 5.0 and Its Challenges for the Japanese Business

Author(s): Konstantin Ivanov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with humanity’s transition from the machine-centered information-based Society 4.0 to the human-centered “super smart society” Society 5.0 and the impact the new society will have on the Japanese business. Society 5.0 integrates the physical and the virtual space using innovations such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, virtual and augmented reality. Its aim is to alleviate problems related to scarcity of resources, inequality, problems of demographic origin, challenges faced by small businesses. Japan is the country considered to be spearheading humanity’s technological progress, therefore it will also be expected to shoulder the brunt of the challenges of Society 5.0 such as politics, technological integration, and business acclamation.

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Sustainable Development of the European Food System

Author(s): Violeta Blazheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This report focuses on food and food security in the context of sustainable development. The trend of food waste is constantly increasing. The focus is on prevention activities, protection measures, food safety and other factors. It is necessary to provide sustenance for the increasing number of inhabitants of the planet. In the conditions of membership in the European Union, the achievement of the set goals in the period after 2020 is of essential importance for the applied policy in the agricultural sector of Bulgaria, and more specifically: ensuring food security for the population, manifested in viable food production; maintaining and creating employment; achieving balanced territorial development; introduction of innovative agricultural technologies; protection of the environment and organization of environmentally friendly animal breeding activity; reducing the impact of climate change and adapting to it and others.

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Aquatic Food Consumption in Southeastern Europe: Trade and Sustainability Dimensions

Author(s): Aleksandar Shivarov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Consumption of aquatic food has increased worldwide in recent decades. Although most countries in Southeastern Europe have a much lower per capita demand for fish and fishery products compared with global and European levels, they are following the general trends. Domestic production is insufficient to meet existing demand, and the region is integrated into the global seafood market. The paper outlines the links between human consumption of aquatic organisms in the region and the global seafood trade. The supply of internationally sourced products has environmental impacts beyond the countries studied, raising questions about the sustainability of the sector and its environmental footprint. The study also examines the gap between domestic supply and demand for seafood and its impact on the region’s trade and environmental position.

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Dimensions of Bulgaria‘s Economic Growth and Competitiveness in the Years of the EU Membership

Author(s): Vera Pirimova,Elka Pirimova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research is focused on one of the main emphasis and some factors of long-term competitiveness highlighted in the European Commission document of March 2023 „EU competitiveness beyond 2030: looking ahead at the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the single market“. The main goal is to analyze the economic growth and the factors of competitiveness outlined by the EC in the field of: scientific research and innovation; foreign trade and openness of the Bulgarian economy. The task of the study is to identify the progress or backwardness achieved by Bulgaria in the years after our country‘s accession to the EU (2007-2022), based on the parameters and the dynamics of the relevant indicators. Traditional methods of analysis and synthesis, empirical descriptive and index analysis are applied in the research.

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An Empirical Study of Perceptions of Investment Plans as Pension Alternatives - Evidence from Bulgaria

Author(s): Miroslav Kamdzhalov,Hristosko Bogdanov,Petya Angelova,Georgi Marinov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Pension systems all over the world, and particularly in Europe, are under tremendous pressure. The global demographic shift toward longer life expectancy and lower fertility is the primary source of tensions on pension systems, with the traditional pay-as-you-go type becoming more questionable in its efficiency. In this study, we explore the perceptions toward this issue in Bulgaria, as well as what are the possible outcomes as results of different actions. Our survey was conducted with an online form, among respondents from Northeastern Bulgaria. We explore primarily the opinions of young people, since we expect them to be the most active and the most strongly concerned in the process. Our findings show the Bulgarian public is still relatively reluctant to newer types of investments.

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