Dynamika niemieckiej opinii publicznej. Pozycja partii politycznych na podstawie sondaży i wyników wyborów do parlamentów krajowych (2011-2012)

Author(s): Piotr Cichocki,Piotr Kubiak / Language(s): Polish

The results of the surveys conducted in 2011 and 2012 showed that the main political problems in the eyes of the German public were the debt crisis (in the eurozone) and unemployment. Despite the decline in enthusiasm for the direction of economic change, trust in Angela Merkel's CDU/CSU-FDP government was growing. The beneficiaries of this trend were primarily the Christian Democratic parties, which enjoyed much greater public trust than the FDP. In 2012, A. Merkel outpaced the leaders of the opposition SPD, Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Peer Steinbrück, in the popularity rankings. The two leaders of the FDP, Guido Westerwelle and Philipp Rösler, were among the least popular politicians. Parties that had previously received less support began to achieve significant successes in state elections. The people of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate strongly supported the Green Party, which was the result of a dynamic internal debate on nuclear energy. In Berlin, Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein and North Rhine-Westphalia, the Pirate Party was successful and became a new force distinguished in the polls. At the same time, however, a gradual increase in public support for the large parties: CDU/CSU and SPD became noticeable.

Albanian Minority Representation at the Serbian Ministry of Interior: Progress and Remaining Challenges

Author(s): Sofije Kryeziu / Language(s): English

There are three sets of challenges to Albanian representation in the police. The first is related to the lack of political will by the Serbian authorities to work towards full integration of the Albanian minority at all levels of the public structure. This is evidenced by the slow progress made towards recognising diplomas issued by Kosovo’s universities (where most Albanian police officers are educated) and practical limitations on the use of the Albanian language in the predominantly Albanian inhabited municipalities. The second set of challenges is related to inadequate internalisation of diversity policy by the police, evidenced by inadequate access to police education and difficulties in integration with the environment. Full and consistent integration of Albanian ethnic minorities into the police in the three southern Serbia municipalities is further challenged by the third set of challenges, related to the prejudice against the Albanian ethnic minority which is encountered in Serbia. One of the main recommendations, therefore, is to ensure sustainable inclusion of the Albanian minority into the Serbian police by ensuring that they are represented at a level which reflects their proportion of the population.

Albania–Kosova Defence-Cooperation

Author(s): Foto Duro / Language(s): English

Ethnic commonalities and affiliations between the Albanians of Albania and Kosovo, along with the two governments’ commitment to cooperation in general, are both conducive to intense defence cooperation between the two countries. Defence cooperation between Albania and Kosovo, which began in the early 1990s, can be characterized as falling into three distinct periods: first from 1991 until the end of Kosovo war in June 1999; second from June 1999 to Kosovo’s declaration of independence in February 2008; and third post-independence, when cooperation between the countries began running normally. However, various countries in the region and the international community have shown some uneasiness, both implicitly and explicitly, about such cooperation between Albania and Kosovo. Furthermore, the depth and quality of this cooperation remains short of expectations due to overlap with similar cooperation with other countries, sometimes combined with Albania’s inability to provide the necessary expertise. // The areas in which defence cooperation between Albania and Kosovo is most developed are military education and training (E&T) and Euro-Atlantic integration. The removal of constitutional limitations on Kosovo’s defence sector, which is expected to take place in the near future, would allow a true armed force to be built, and would in turn provide a new opportunity for defence cooperation between Albania and Kosovo. While this cooperation should be widely developed, it must also be done carefully to ensure that all such activities are carried out to a high standard. In particular, certain high-visibility areas such as ‘operations’ should be given priority for cooperation due to the mutual benefits they can provide in helping to resolve security situations which might arise and their positive effect on public opinion and on the general climate of cooperation and security between the two countries and beyond.

Proces informatyzacji administracji publicznej i jego wpływ na kształtowanie narodowego zasobu archiwalnego stanowiącego dziedzictwo kulturowe ludzkości

Author(s): Justyna Adamus-Kowalska / Language(s): Polish

The book discusses changes in the shaping of the national archival resource resulting from the development of information and communication technologies. The supervision and preservation of documentation is of great importance for the preservation and transmission of collective memory from generation to generation. Archives and archivists must not only take into account traditional procedures of conduct, but also must ensure the development of new tools that will allow to maintain a reliable picture of the dynamically changing reality and times in which we live. The process of computerization and introduction of electronic documents to archives is still underway, meanwhile, automatic decision-making tools are being developed, including those that are based on a breakthrough technology, which is the technology of artificial intelligence, hence it is important to discuss the process of computerization of public administration in the context of creating a national archival resource.

WAR ECHOES INTENSIFY FEARS: VIEWS OF SERBIAN CITIZENS ON RELATIONS IN THE REGION

Author(s): Gorana Pebić,Ivana Ranković,Luka Šterić / Language(s): English

The Belgrade Centre for Security Policy conducted the annual public opinion survey on relations in the region, with a special focus on the Western Balkan countries and current events and trends. This report analyses Serbian citizens’ views on three main topics – the possibility of conflicts in the Balkans, Serbia’s bilateral relations with its neighbours, as well as key benefits and opportunities of regional cooperation and initiatives. Due to the current war in Ukraine and the war-mongering rhetoric in the Balkans, the fear of outbreak of conflict in the Balkans has risen. Compared to results from 2020, when more than half of citizens were not afraid of possible conflicts at all, the 2022 survey shows that almost two thirds of respondents are to a certain extent afraid of the outbreak of conflicts in the region in the next five years. Concerning potential causes of the conflict in the region, two-thirds of Serbian citizens believe that it is very or somewhat likely that a conflict might break out over the status of Kosovo. On the other hand, the results of the survey indicate a significant decrease in support of the reintroduction of mandatory military service, in comparison to results from 2020. When it comes to bilateral relations between Serbia and its neighbouring countries, the data shows a decline in support for potential separation of Republic of Srpska from Bosnia and Herzegovina and unification with Serbia. Citizens believe that relations between Serbia and Montenegro have not improved significantly, despite the signing of the Fundamental Agreement with the Serbian Orthodox Church. On the contrary, the negative perception of Serbian public towards Albania has slightly improved over the last two years, mainly due to the closer cooperation between the leaders of the two countries through the Open Balkan initiative. However, regional relations are still seen as strained, in part due to the promotion of the concept of Serbian world which creation is supported by slightly more than 40% of citizens. In 2022, the focus of the public in terms of regional cooperation was directed more directly to the Open Balkan initiative as a platform for collaboration between Albania, North Macedonia and Serbia. Although the data show an increase in the number of Serbian citizens who are familiar with the idea, there are still no concrete and publicly visible results of the initiative.

Attitudes of Serbian Citizens Regarding Relations with Kosovo and Albania

Author(s): Maja Bjeloš / Language(s): English

Relations between Serbia and Kosovo are currently reduced to the EU-facilitated talks in Brussels. The long-stalled talks went “back on track” after the appointment of EU Special Representative Miroslav Lajcak. The resumption of the dialogue was influenced by a different US approach to the Balkans following the presidential election and the appointment of Special Envoy Gabriel Escobar. Despite the international community’s strong desire for the leaders of Serbia and Kosovo to return to the negotiating table, it seemed that Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić and Kosovo’s Prime Minister Albin Kurti were unwilling to take a step forward. Their first meeting in June 2021 in Brussels was not encouraging, as it revealed personal animosities that threatened to bring the dialogue to another impasse. With an accession perspective that includes no date, i.e. without a tangible ‘carrot at the end of the stick’, leaders seem less motivated to make bold decisions. The actors were more engaged in the production and management of a crisis than in taking an effort to reach a final solution and progress towards EU membership. All in all, ten years after the dialogue began, there is little room for optimism as relations between Serbia and Kosovo are now at their lowest level. Many agreements have not been fully implemented, while the implementation of Brussels’ provisions concerning the association of Serb-majority municipalities is still pending.

Political Community, Foundings and Indigenous Peoples. A Case Study of Chiapas' Lacandon Community

Author(s): Hector Calleros Rodriguez / Language(s): English

This book contributes to the understanding and conceptualisation of the place of indigenous peoples in contemporary political systems by presenting and examining a case study of the Comunidad Zona Lacandona (Lacandon Community or LC), located in Chiapas (Mexico). The author explores the concept of ‘political community’ in relation to such an indigenous community. The case study provides a foundation for understanding and conceptualising the constitutive elements of a political community: a people, a territorial base, and forms of social, cultural, economic and political organisation. To gain a deeper insight into the significance of concepts such as 'people', 'territory', and 'institutions', this book presents a conceptual framework for analysing indigenous peoples, nations, tribes and communities, with a particular focus on the principles of self-determination, autonomy, self-government and consent. The framework is based on the conceptual foundations established by the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and emphasises the critical role of those four concepts.

Dialektyka populizmu

Author(s): Tymoteusz Kochan / Language(s): Polish

Populizm stał się epitetem codzienności, który ideologiczne aparaty państwa oraz szczególnie aktywne media wykorzystują, aby winą za rządy nieodpowiedzialnych polityków obarczyć rzekomo bezrozumny lud, który zamiast wybierać polityków obiecujących to, czego ów lud sam pragnie, winien wybierać tylko to i tych, których propozycje znajdują się w spektrum systemowych możliwości oraz są akceptowalne dla dotychczasowego establishmentu.

Widzialnośc zawiści. O resentymencie w życiu politycznym

Author(s): Filip Pierzchalski / Language(s): Polish

Autor podnosi w sposób pionierski problematykę emocji w perspektywie mechanizmów życia politycznego. Bogata literatura, różnorodna problematyka, żywy i klarowny język sprawiają, że książka z pewnością spotka się z żywym zainteresowaniem czytelników i reakcją zwłaszcza środowisk akademickich. Widzialność zawiści... Pierzchalskiego to książka odważna, nowoczesna i jednocześnie książka o widzialności. Można tylko pogratulować Autorowi i życzyć, aby Widzialna zawiść... była bardzo dobrze widzialna. prof. Jerzy Kochan Pierzchalski, meandrując po historii myśli politycznej, filozofii i psychologii prowadzi czytelnika przez niemal wszystkie tropy refleksji, w której pojawiał się namysł nad socjo-kulturową (kolektywną, międzypokoleniową) naturą emocji kształtujących procesy indywidualnej percepcji obiektów i zjawisk politycznych. Może imponować swoboda, z jaką autor miksuje spostrzeżenia klasyków antyku, Kartezjusza, tradycji marksowskiej, kulturowego nurtu socjologii wiedzy z ustaleniami przedstawicieli współczesnej kognitywistyki i neuronauki. prof. Lech Szczegóła Filip Pierzchalski – doktor habilitowany, politolog pracujący w Katedrze Teorii Polityki i Myśli Politycznej Wydziału Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. Autor licznych artykułów naukowych poświęconych teoretycznym wyzwaniom we współczesnej nauce o polityce, kategorii podmiotowości politycznej, socjotechnice politycznej oraz zjawisku przywództwa politycznego. Autor monografii: Podmiotowość polityczna w perspektywie indywidualistycznej i holistycznej (2009); Morfogeneza przywództwa politycznego. Pomiędzy strukturą a podmiotowością sprawczą (2013); Political Leadership: Structure – Consciousness – Emotions (2023).

Rozwój i upadek PGR-ów w świetle koncepcji Amartyi Kumara Sena. Przykład województwa zachodniopomorskiego

Author(s): Damian Szymczak / Language(s): Polish

Monografia Damiana Szymczaka jest bardzo oryginalnym dziełem. Autor prowadzi ciekawy wywód o polskiej transformacji, działaniu instrumentów polityki publicznej oraz znaczeniu wolnego rynku w przekształceniach nie tylko podmiotów gospodarczych, ale i układów społeczno-gospodarczych, jakie tworzą obszary wiejskie na terenach popegeerowskich. Jest to praca pisana w duchu głębokiego zrozumienia pojęcia sprawiedliwości społecznej oraz odpowiedzialności podmiotów publicznych tworzących „uspołecznione” podmioty gospodarcze. z recenzji dr. hab. Pawła Chmielińskiego, prof. IRWiR PAN Damian Szymczak – dr nauk społecznych w dyscyplinie ekonomia i finanse, adiunkt w Katedrze Makroekonomii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Zajmuje się ekonomiką rolnictwa, w szczególności problemem ubóstwa na obszarach popegeerowskich, relacjami między polityką a ekonomią w zakresie outsourcingu politycznego oraz ekologistyką. Interesuje się też historią myśli ekonomicznej.

VODIČ KROZ PRISTUPANJE SRBIJE EVROPSKOJ UNIJI

Author(s): Branko Budimir,Vladimir Međak,Natan Albahari / Language(s): Serbian

Guide to Serbia’s Accession to the EU keeps with ISAC’s tradition of a publication which is designed as a reference and a learning tool to be used by both professionals, who are working on issues related to Serbia and the EU, and by the wider audience interested in the subject matter. Besides dealing with the structure of the EU and the EU’s regional approach towards the Western Balkans, the publication also explains the negotiation process and it gives a brief overview of all of the negotiations chapters.

VODIČ KROZ PRISTUPANJE SRBIJE EVROPSKOJ UNIJI

Author(s): Branko Budimir,Vladimir Međak / Language(s): Serbian

Introduction to Serbia’s Negotiations with the EU on Chapter 30 – External Relations

Author(s): Ksenija Simović,Nebojša Lazarević / Language(s): English

The purpose of this study is precisely to provide the first information about the content of negotiations in the Chapter 30, and provide the basis for the beginning of the public debate on these issues. The main challenges and dilemmas that await us as a country during the negotiations are presented in a concise manner. The publication is also the first product of the partnership and collaboration of the International and Security Affairs Centre (ISAC) and the European Policy Centre (CEP), regarding the support and following of the negotiations in the Chapter 30 in the subsequent period.

NEUTRALITY IN THE 21st CENTURY –LESSONS FOR SERBIA - ESSAY COMPENDIUM -

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Excerpt from the review of Prof. Dr. Predrag Simic: Compendium “Neutrality in the XXI century – Lessons for Serbia” is the most ambitious attempt so far in Serbia to comprehensively and in-depth address the issue of neutrality in contemporary international relations, the question which is, in Serbia as well as in many other countries, a subject to scientific and political debates and conflicting interpretations. What characterized this project is a good selection of topics, a fine structure of the compendium and the expertise of authors. All of those contributed so that the readers of the book gets familiar with experiences and contemporary views of the old and the new neutral countries, but also with the main issues raised by the debates about neutrality which are now taking place and also the importance, or rather, unimportance, of neutrality in contemporary circumstances. Thus, the compilers of this compendium offered answers to many questions which are also relevant for Serbia. It can therefore be concluded that this compendium will be able to offer to the Serbian scientific and political public the answers to many questions that were the subject of a broad debate about its political and strategic decisions in the recent years.

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski – uwarunkowania, zasoby, perspektywy

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

This multidisciplinary monograph consists of eleven texts devoted to the problem of Poland’s energy security, examined within the context of international conditions, country’s own resources, available technologies and the needs of Polish industry and households. The authors review various technical solutions (from the use of geothermal water to the development of nuclear energy), as well as the legal ones (presenting the state of legislation in Poland and the degree of independence of Polish legislative bodies from the European Union ones), they also discuss planning Polish energy policy and its dependence on global trends.

România 1945-1989: Enciclopedia regimului comunist - rezistenţă, opoziţie, disidenţă. Dicţionar biografic

Author(s): Flori Bălănescu / Language(s): Romanian

Among the personalities presented in this volume we mention: Aurel Decei, Camil Demetrescu, Radu Demetrescu-Gyr, Ion Diaconescu, Adrian Dimitriu, Mircea Dinescu, Stefan Augustin Doinas, Traian Dorz, Silviu Dragomir, Anton Durcovici, Radu Filipescu, Victor Frunza, Constantin Galeriu, Vladimir Ghika, Constantin C. Giurescu, Paul Goma, Pantelimon Halippa, Iuliu Hossu, Virgil Ierunca, Dumitru Iuga, Iosif Jumanca, Kirill Kelley, Monica Lovinescu. “With the second volume, the dictionary's structure of ʻa story within storyʼ is more evident, in which the various themes naturally find their place in a vast and still insufficiently explored historiography territory, in which the main networks of armed resistance, opposition, but also the large or less known individual cases of opposition, dissent and resistance, whose common denominator is the ideological regime, with the great waves of arrests, investigations, harassment, pressure, internment in psychiatric asylums, etc. are outlined. The reader meets Orthodox, Catholics and Greek Catholics, Protestants, Muslims, Jews, from all nationalities living throughout Romania, the entire interwar political spectrum uniformed by communism, including Romanian Communist Party members or sympathizers, etc. Through objectives and methodology, the two volumes of the dictionary build links with other encyclopedic projects that appeared at NIST, such as ʻRepressive Mechanisms in Romania 1945-1989. Biographical Dictionaryʼ (9 vols., 2001-2011) or ʻRomania 1945-1989. Encyclopedia of the Communist Regime. The Repressionʼ (5 vols., 2011-2024).” (Flori Bălănescu)

Bibliografija časopisa Praxis: Jugoslavensko izdanje 1/1964-11/1974

Author(s): Dobrilo Aranitović / Language(s): Serbian

This book provides another perspective from which the entire Praxis philosophy and the Korčula Summer School can be viewed. There are Hegelian and Marxist themes, themes of the theory of knowledge, art, religion and many others. Hence, this bibliography is inextricably linked with the fate of philosophy, which found its expression in the magazine Praxis.

(Post)pamięć o wojnie. Współczesne interpretacje zbrodni wojennych wśród społeczności boszniackiej

Author(s): Katarzyna Wasiak / Language(s): Polish

The late 1980s and early 1990s were a period of reinterpretation and reconstruction of ethnic and national identities for the countries of the former Yugoslavia. After the breakup of the South Slavic state, its inhabitants faced many challenges, as they not only had to find themselves in an entirely new reality but were also obliged to declaratively define who they were. Nationalists, who manifested chauvinistic slogans in public space, came to the fore. Social disorientation in the emerging reality fostered segregationist thinking, leading to the division of the united state and the delineation of who were the “own” and who were the “others”.The main research problem in this dissertation is the contemporary interpretations of war crimes committed in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the war from 1992 to 1995. This analysis is a case study of the Bosniak community (Bosnian Muslims) – specifically the second generation, individuals born after the conflict. The aim of the analysis was to examine how the memory of the war influences contemporary ethnic relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author, having observed the practices of nationalism in this small country for several years, especially among the Bosniak community, and being influenced by the concept of postmemory, aimed to investigate how inherited memory affects the shaping of contemporary interethnic relations in this country, where, importantly, the role of the second generation is currently observed to be increasing.

Muślinowa rebelia. Kobiecy libertynizm erudycyjny oświeceniowej Francji i jego tropy w tradycji feministycznej

Author(s): Anna Teresa Budzanowska / Language(s): Polish

Eighteenth-century France was an era of intense social and intellectual upheaval. Courtly culture, characterised by ceremony and elegance, collided with the spontaneous emergence of philosophical currents that challenged the existing political and religious authorities. It was a time when the idea of liberty became a central topic of discussion, and women, particularly those who created the phenomenon of libertinage érudit, began to play a significant role in the development of new theories. The book analyses the long-underestimated theories of French women freethinkers and represents an original contribution to the libertinage érudit. The reflections of these intellectuals are still relevant today for discussions on the role of the state in shaping the status and rights of women in society. Their critical perspective on the Catholic church, religion, the public sphere and education is one of the lesser-known aspects, but it was an essential source for the emancipatory demands that emerged during the Revolution of 1789 and formed the intellectual legacy for later well-founded waves of French feminism. This book makes an important contribution to understanding the intellectual foundations of emancipation and the important role that women played in formulating theories of liberty and equality in Enlightenment France.

Public Procurement - in Chapters 23 and 24

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English

The public procurement system should be observed as specific and complex given that it implies procedures aimed at the achievement of a particular objective, with earlier defined deadlines, necessary resources and expected results to meet the needs of end-users – citizens of a country. All steps in the implementation of public procurement procedures must be planned in advance and adjusted to the justified purposes that they serve and the results to be achieved, in accordance with public procurement principles and regulations, and the basic “value for money” public procurement principle.