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Volunteering of Older People as an Integral Part of Active Ageing. It’s believed that older people are a potentially rich source of volunteers and volunteering is perceived as beneficial for both society and individuals. Due to the ageing of the population, the influence of individual ageing on volunteering has become crucial. The age and cohort connections of volunteering in Czech society are explored in this paper. Moreover, the factors leading to volunteering are researched using binary logistic regression. Focus is put on changes over time and differences between older people and younger ones. The findings do not show differences in volunteering based on age but demonstrate that the attitudes supported by productive ageing and active ageing concepts are influential. The rate of volunteering in Czech society has not changed since the beginning of the 90s. Sociológia 2012, Vol. 44 (No. 2: 212-232)
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From Repression to Demobilisation? Evolution of the Global Justice Movement in Western Countries between 2001 and 2008. This article focuses on the problem of evolution of Global Justice Movement (GJM) in Western countries after 9/11. First, it uses empirical data to examine the assumption of the demise of its mobilizing capacities and concludes that it is only the US branch of the movement that has declined, while the European one has continued to progress in the period under study. Second, it introduces a theoretical model explaining GJM evolution which is based on the concepts of political opportunity structure, social movement spillover and a multi-level repression against those that challenge political elites. After isolating non-relevant or constant factors, the paper deduces that it is the symbolic repression and the sudden change of the socio-cultural milieu after 9/11 that accounts for the different developments in GJM mobilizing capacities in North America and Western Europe between 2001 and 2008. Sociológia 2012, Vol. 44 (No. 2: 179-211)
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The formation of the former socialist towns was not the result of an organic process, but a conquering of territories by those who immigrated in large numbers or were settled in these regions, which made possible for the government to control more effectively the population. The ideologists of the “all-round developed socialist society” tried to modify not only the shapes of the settlements, but wanted to change the population’s compound and their way of life. How did the people’s way of life change in the analyzed period? The readers’ letters from the local press and the analysis of the interviews and series of articles from this period, as well as the comparison of the inner information with the sources of the archives offer a possibility to draw a picture of the social changes of Harghita and Covasna counties.
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This article calls attention to the pollution of environment. Technology alone is not able to solve all the questions of ecology, science (for example, bionics) and human morality are also needed.
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Review of newspaper articles on the decentralization of the Romanian healthcare system.
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Six poems by contemporary Transylvanian Hungarian poet Csaba Lászlóffy.
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This article is about reorganization of the Romanian and Hungarian healthcare. In summary, the doctors and the hospitals have to be free from burdens. The consequence is that the insurer has to invest more money to prevent illnesses, as in Western countries.
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The author speaks about sport’s importance in the human life. Sport is health care, health promotion, prevention and the base of a harmonic lifestyle. Regular reduces the chance of obesity, diabetes, strengthens the immune system and endurance. This study also summarizes sport’s relevance in cancer research, where was revealed that the epidemiological evidences are convincing for the breast and colorectal cancer.
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This article is about the life and activity of Hungarian politician Vilmos Vázsonyi, and contains excerpts from his speech in Cluj-Napoca/Kolozsvár in 1927. Vázsonyi was elected for a parliamentarian of Terézváros (Budapest) in 1901. Vázsonyi’s political career was not usual: he connected the Hungarian national and the Hungarian Jewish minority’s welfare. In his thinking liberalism, different religions and origins were not against each other, these rather were supporting each other in spiritual and emotional formations.
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Professional analyses revealed that there is close relationship between the doctor’s soul, temperament, interests and the writer’s psychology. There are some talents which belong to both groups, for instance the ability to diagnose, empathy, (self)critical thinking and to draw conclusion from details. Hungarian doctor and writer Géza Csáth, László Németh, or the dentist, school doctor and historian Béla Jancsó all had the qualities mentioned above.
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Researches evinced that the believers are satisfied with their God given life, therefore they take care better of their health, and the religious experience contributes to the happiness in a high rate. According to the American psychology professor Thomas Plante, the spiritual method (for example the meditation, prayer) has to be introduced in healing therapy
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This article focuses on those Hungarian researchers who contributed to the medical research of Sweden from World War II to our days, including a brief presentation of the Swedish medical universities and the medical research of Sweden. Hungarians general have arrived to Sweden in several waves, some of them directly after the war, others as refugees after the revolution in 1956, or in the eighties fleeing from Ceauşescu’s regime in Romania. Some of them have been headhunted by Swedish health organizations to lead diverse screening projects in the seventies and the eighties. In the beginning of the nineties it became easier for Hungarians (from Hungary and the neighbouring states, where Hungarians constitute ethnic minorities) to work as PhD-students or guest-researchers in Sweden. In the article sixteen (of the contacted twenty-four) Hungarian researchers tell their story and comment on the Swedish research conditions.
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Even though Husserl himself did not write on the history of philosophy in true sense, his work is in fact a peculiar dialogue with philosophical tradition — from rejection to almost complete acceptance. What distinguishes Husserl’s research in this area is its full subordination to phenomenological reflection. His views are revised by Eugen Fink, who (with reference to Heidegger) claims that man, while living within the history, is unconditionally subordinated to it. Hence, Fink bases his philosophy in a claim that man exists historically on account of worldly rule of separation and division in both labour and fight. Jan Patočka’s work in turn, offers an unusual synthesis of historico-philosophical reflection and asubjective phenomenology. This is one of the reasons for which it has prominent place in history of phenomenological movement. Patočka is maybe the first philosopher in 20th century who, in confrontation with Hegel’s profound model, engaged openly in analysis of philosophy of the history of philosophy.
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In the paper I present the Husserl’s idea of philosophy as a strict science (Philosophie als strenge Wissenschaft) which he understood as universal and ultimately justified knowledge, free from any prejudices (Vorurteile) coming from naturalistic attitude. The prejudice of such an attitude is a thesis of the existence of the world (Thesis vom Sein der Welt). By complying with this thesis unreflectively, one becomes immersed in the world, which means that in the natural attitude the transcendental character of subjectivity remains unconscious and anonymous. This anonymity might be razed by transcendental reduction (transzendentale Reduktion), which aims at getting the transcendental ego rid of self-forgetting (Selbstvergessenheit). The subjectivity revealed this way is still, in its deepest aspects, anonymous as ultimately functioning ego (das letztfungierende Ich), for being an epistemological absolute, it is a source of reflection and through reflection it cannot become acknowledged. I discuss some difficulties related to the second type of anonymity in relation to Husserl’s demand of phenomenology realising the idea of philosophy as strict a science.
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The paper deals with Gerold Prauss’s critique of cognition taken as reflection of the surrounding reality in the consciousness of the agent (Abbildtheorie). The results of his critique are similar to the standpoint presented earlier by Neo-Kantians (Rickert, Cassirer). Prauss’s original contribution to the debate on theory of reflection consists in distinction between materialistic and non-materialistic theories of reflection, as well as in his argumentation basing on the notion of clarity (Deutlichkeit).
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