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The Characteristics of the Romanian Emigration Phenomenon

Author(s): Maria Pescaru / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The sociological structure of Romanians emigrating abroad has changed over time. At first, the graduated, the highly qualified or specialists from urban areas emigrated. Currently, most of the emigrants are young, poor or insufficiently qualified, coming from rural areas. Even if there have been periods of increasing the domestic demand for labor, lately, many Romanians want to go abroad to work. After 1989, the political reflection was unanimous in recognizing the issue of emigration and asylum in Europe from a new perspective, stemming from the process of political developments in the Central and Eastern Europe. The vertiginous emigration from the East to the West has engendered a complex of representations, political mentalities and pragmatic reactions. The first representations on emigration were the significance of the victory of the humanist precepts and the liberal philosophy of human rights. As the phenomenon of emigration evolved in the East-West direction and there were dysfunctions of the exercise of the right to free movement - illegal migration, involuntary migration, foreign citizens in illegal situation, unjustified asylum requests - this phenomenon constituted a source of analysis. Emigration can also be analyzed as a crucial and necessary social act, absolutely mandatory for certain social categories, thus acquiring major community significance. In Romania, we are witnessing a situation of this kind, due to the persistence of youth emigration, the mood of young people to emigrate. The perception of the profile of the Romanian emigrant, together with the study and understanding of the multiple implications of emigration, should be a reference point in the elaboration of Romania’s national policies on migration.

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Ex-Ante Assessment of the Activation Component Insertion within the Guaranteed Minimum Income on the Incidence of Poverty in Romania

Author(s): Cristina Stroe,Silvia Cojanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper analyzes simultaneously two important aspects related to the adequacy of the guaranteed minimum income to reduce poverty among the vulnerable, as its main purpose and the adequacy to the size of activation among its beneficiaries to take up a job. Introducing a real pro-active element within the guaranteed minimum income, which will provide, besides the financial support for the poorest people, also a real activation of its beneficiaries, would be an important direction for improvement and modernization of this important social benefit. We also estimate that this new activation element included in the guaranteed minimum income could also have an impact on poverty reduction. The new insertion of this pro-active conditionality was simulated by swapping techniques, which allowed the introduction of this activation element within the guaranteed minimum income, meant to stimulate for work and also to reduce poverty. In this ex-ante evaluation exercise, we simulate the scenario with a 50% threshold applied to the work income (the new legislative conditionality with the 50% threshold will come into force next year); we analyze if the relative poverty will be reduced in this simulation exercise. For the ex-ante evaluation of the impact on the poverty incidence of this new activation incentive included in the guaranteed minimum income program, the classic simulation model was used. Thus, we focus concurrently on two essential aspects of this social benefit, namely poverty reduction, and increasing the social and occupational inclusion.

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Relevant Aspects of National Minorities in Romania

Author(s): Crina Mihaela Verga / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The issue of national minorities must contribute to the correct treatment and understanding of this phenomenon, given the respect for human rights for all individuals and the principles that must be observed in inter-state relations. The topic addressed in this paper has overlapping points with history, politics, sociology, psychology and law. It presents various points of view on the protection of minorities, but without claiming to have exhausted such a complex subject. Thus, we will refer first, to some directions in defining the concept of ˮnational minoritiesˮ. Then, we will analyze the controversial issue of whether or not the rights of minorities are recognized individually or collectively. We will continue by making a succinct presentation of the legal framework on the protection of national minorities in Romania and we will conclude this study with some synthetic comments on the subject under debate.The subject is of a particular importance in the context of delaying the adoption of appropriate legislation on the matter in Romania.

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Communicating Information through Modern Research Methods

Author(s): Camelia Maria Cezara Ignătescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This editorial wishes to be a solid argument for the organizers who have chosen as title for the 11th LUMEN International Scientific Conference - Communication & Transdisciplinarity in the Ethical Society. Why rather transdisciplinarity, and what is the role and effect of this research method, how to combine the information thus analyzed with the other theoretical-methodological approaches - are interrogations that challenge us to find the chest of knowledge.

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Progressing, Individualizing and Monitoring of the Students’ Learning. Tools and Methodological Benchmarks

Author(s): Carmen Alexandrache / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Our study starts from the premise that knowing particular characteristic of each student is a better way to develop own his personality. But, using the modern learning strategies that are centered on the student is not enough for it. On the other hand, using them is very possible to neglect the registration of the real progress of student learning. In this respect, we propose some education modalities which are able to develop learning individualized and to monitor the progress of student learning in the higher education. These methodological aspects are presented from a permanent education perspective. Additionally, for a learning performance enhancement. we propose a few efficiency monitoring tools of students learning . We will focus on the importance cultivating the student’s responsibility in own professional training, also in own learning progress. For this reason, we consider that for individualizing and monitoring of learning process it is better to use some reflection and evaluation tools in the learning activities.

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Preparing the General Budget based on the Principles of Governance (Applied Study on a Sample of Government Units)

Author(s): Latfe Alhusseinawi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The study aims to apply the foundations of governance in reducing the problems of the general budget in government units from a study sample in the city of Nasiriyah. The opportunity of application was assessed by using a questionnaire distributed to a sample of government units for 2018. To achieve the research objectives, the research was divided into three sections - the first section includes the framework of the research methodology, the second section covers the theoretical background on the general budget and governance and the third section includes the practical aspect of the research and analysis of the sample responses to the questionnaire.

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Understanding the Usage Characteristics of Twitter in the UK Universities: A Social Network Analysis (SNA) Approach

Author(s): Bakan Ufuk,Ugur Bakan,Turgay Han / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The rate of use of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn has increased drastically over the last decade. Twitter is the eighth most popular website in the world, with an average of nearly eleven million hits a day. Twitter may be used for synchronous and asynchronous online conversations, asking and answering questions, and sharing opinions, ideas, and resources. Twitter also offers a platform for quick communication that could play a role as a catalyst for the learning process. This paper presents an investigation into the use of the Twitter social media platform by selected top universities in UK. Twitter data from that account in the 1-year period was captured. First was coded, the total number of tweets, like ranking, usable (non-spam) tweets, the number of retweeted, hashtags and tweets on the official Twitter accounts of selected universities. In this study, NodeXL program was visualized and analyzed by drawing the data from Twitter. As such data sets of no more than 2,500 tweets were gathered for each search topic. After 60 years of experience with computer-based text analysis approaches can be used to define rule-based classification, theme extraction, ontology/taxonomy modeling, topic categorization and document summarization. Statistics (degree and weighted degree, centrality statistics, network diameter, graph density, average path length) were then calculated for each node and for the network using the statistical module of NodeXL. The data were visualized using Fruchterman-Reingold and Harel-Koren Fast Multiscale algorithms as shown in the figures below. The implications of this finding are discussed

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Romanian Economy between Linearity and Circularity. A Bioeconomic Perspective

Author(s): Mihaela Denisa Coman,Constantin Aurelian Ionescu,Mihaela Lixandru / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Romania's present economy is characterized by its linearity, an important consumption of non-renewable resources, an incipient form of recycling and a production based on a high consumption of resources at high costs. At European Union level, the desire to evolve and transform the current economies into bio-economies is astringent. A bioeconomy, characterized by the achievement of sustainable production with a minimum consumption of fossil resources and a maximum result, the development of durable products, limiting the effects of pollution, increasing the quality of life and health of the population, reducing dependence on non-renewable resources, increasing food security, recycling rate and waste reduction, outlines a new model of economy that requires society to evolve into a future based on sustainable development.The aim of the paper is to analyze aspects of the bioeconomy and to point out how Romania can transform its current economy into a bioeconomy, while at the same time achieving sustainable economic development.

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The Structure of Functioning of the Curricular Design Activity from the Perspective of Computer Science

Author(s): Gabriela Cristea,Ionut-Constantin Manole / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Our study analyzes an epistemological and practically interdisciplinary issue at the intersection line between curriculum theory and Computer Science. We will consider an ideal model of curricular design that can be computer-aided at system level and educational process.The general aim is to value the educational backgrounds of the curriculum, identified and developed at the level of education's endowments, by means of appropriate informational means: a) macrostructural, valid at the scale of the entire education system; b) microstructural, valid for the entire educational process.The specific objectives aim at the pedagogical and informatic analysis of the correlation between: a) the macrostructural finality of education and the curriculum project of the reform of education; b) microstructural finalities of instruction and curriculum projects promoted at all disciplines and levels of education.The fulfillment of these two specific objectives implies the capitalization of adequate informational means fixed normative and methodological at the level of fundamental concepts: data, information, database, algorithm, networks, external and internal feedback.At the level of the curriculum, the training must ensure: a) the deduction of the concrete objectives from the learning objectives of the unit, the chapter, etc. - validated by computer, by fixing the database; b) logical ordering of contents - computer-validated by the positive formative generated effects; c) permanent pedagogical correlation between objectives - basic contents - methods - evaluation, validated by using efficient algorithms under existing network conditions or created especially by the teacher; d) continuous evaluation of the results achieved with the activity-regulating-self-regulation function - informatic validated in terms of external and internal feedback.

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Study on Motric Activity in the Life of Children with Disabilities

Author(s): Alina Cucui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Children and adolescents with Down syndrome have a range of physical problems and difficulties that can affect their motor development and implicitly social integration. The physical development of children with Down syndrome is often slower. Despite this leaner, children with Down syndrome may participate in sports activities, they will take more time to do some things, but eventually they can do most of them.Cognitive problems - thinking and learning - are characteristic of people with Down syndrome and are usually moderate. Cognitive and behavioral problems include: attention deficit, impulsive behavior, slow learning and speech retardation.People with Down syndrome have a certain degree of difficulty. The degree of disability differs from one person to another and it is impossible to appreciate at the moment of birth how severe it will be. Therefore, it is important for these people to participate in various programs aimed at facilitating the development of motor skills, cognitive and social-emotional development.This research highlights the importance of adapted sports activities, aims to promote the necessary and useful practices in the lives of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Approved sports programs are considered to offer learning opportunities to help people with Down syndrome overcome barriers to becoming a physically and socially educated person.The aim of the research is to identify sporting activities that generate progress in the physical development of children with disabilities, cognitive and social-emotional development.

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Feminin Football in the Physical Education and Sport System

Author(s): Gheorghe Gabriel Cucui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Physical education and sport have become a true social phenomenon in modern society, which essentially seeks to improve the physical development and drive of individuals in order to improve their lives.The use of football game in the physical education lesson offers particularly favorable conditions for the complex development of students' skills and motor skills. As a field of bodily activities, it embodies the driving forces behind the physical education process: walking, running, jumping, and sometimes throwing in a wide variety of complexities. Also, practicing the football game contributes to the formation and improvement of coordinated movements, to the formation of the ability to engage quickly in the pace and pace of social activities, through the accumulation of some influences and positive effects with a sanotrophic and educational character.Being practiced in all forms of education, football produces some educational instructive valences, with beneficial results in the psychic, somatic, functional way, etc.The development of the football game highlights a special motricity, necessary for the aciclic execution of different technical components and tactical actions plus tactical combinations in a complex, random and heuristic setting. The complexity and diversity of game systems require the use of strategies designed to develop the tactical thinking and creativity of players, as well as teachers and coaches.In conclusion, all these formative valences of football play recommend it as an effective means of school physical education, which is why it is present in compulsory physical education classes and compulsory sports classes I - XII.As part of the training process, physical education has to find all ways and means through which to act in the direction of strengthening and maintaining health, the formation of a broad bag of knowledge, skills, and skills, as well as moral and will-moral education.In the case of practicing girls, it is necessary to implement the idea that, without proper orientation, selection and training in our country, there can be no quality female football that will rise to the international competition level, and all this can has a start in female school football, within the physical education and sports lessons.

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Study on the Level of Motricity of Children from Rural Secondary Schools

Author(s): Gheorghe Gabriel Cucui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The relationship between physical activity and the geographical context is a topic that has received less attention in middle and low income countries compared to studies investigating the association between physical activity and socio-economic factors. In turn, environmental variables are particularly important when studying physical activity levels, because the practice of physical activity depends on the right conditions.Socio-economic and demographic factors contribute significantly to changes in physical activity levels, but environmental changes can also lead to changes in population behavior and adherence to a more or less active lifestyle. Socio-economic changes related to technological advances also influence the population in different ways. In rural areas, this is done by modernizing farming and animal husbandry, improving communication and increasing the consumption of technology previously inaccessible to these population groups. Another issue is urban sprawl, which is associated with lower activity levels physical phenomenon that recorded an accelerated rate.

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The Reflective Practice - an Intrinsic Dimension of the Educational Demarche

Author(s): Luminiţa Mihaela Drăghicescu,Ioana Stăncescu,Ana-Maria Aurelia Petrescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The quality of the educational system, in general, and of the educational process, in particular, is reflected in the graduates’ competences - cognitive and metacognitive, emotional, intercultural, civic competences - that enable them to successfully face with all the professional and social demands. In order to achieve such a goal, there is a need of teachers who are devoted to school, well-trained, enhanced with creativity, and always concerned of their own educational practices. The reflection on the didactic activity becomes a necessity, an intrinsic component, in order to promote a quality education. The teacher’s reflective practice represents a conscious, assumed, responsible analysis of the didactic demarche, during and at its end, completed by informed decisions in terms of control and regulation, towards the achievement of the proposed educational objectives. At the level of the educational process, the benefits of the teacher’s reflective practice are multiple: optimization of didactic design, didactic strategy and evaluation methodology, a better acquaintance of students, improvement of the pedagogical relationship with the class, identification of appropriate ways to develop students’ competences, differentiation and individualization of training, facilitating a better understanding of the content transferred to students etc. This work aims to analyze the teachers’ opinions on the reflective practice in strong relation to their didactic activities. The method used in the investigative approach was a questionnaire-based survey - its items were focused mainly on the necessity and benefits of the reflective practice, on the frequency recorded by the teachers engaged in the reflective practice, on the supported tools, but also on the relevant stages of the reflective practice.

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The Students’ Pedagogical Practical Stage between Problems and Solutions

Author(s): Luminiţa Mihaela Drăghicescu,Ana-Maria Aurelia Petrescu,Laura Monica Gorghiu,Crinela Dumitrescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In strong relation to the multiplication of the roles of those who embrace a didactic career, their initial and lifelong training should be designed and implemented as a coherent and consistent approach, intended to form and develop all professional and transversal competencies necessary for a successful fulfilling of the teaching profession. One of the fundamental components of any psycho-pedagogical training programme dedicated to the teaching career is represented by the teaching training activity. All the actions related to this stage ensure, in a holistic and systemic manner, the necessary basis for the formation and development of the skills required to assume such a complex mission: to be a teacher. Starting from those premises, this paper tries to carry out a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the perceptions of the students who are preparing for the didactic career, on the one hand, and the perceptions of their teacher-mentors from the application schools in Dambovita County, on the other hand, concerning the multitude of aspects implied by the teacher training activity. Another purpose of this investigative approach is to identify some concrete methods to optimise the students’ teacher training, both from a macrostructural perspective, in terms of education policies and current teaching methods, and a microstructural perspective, according to the existing educational practices.

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Public Discourse between Professional Ethics, Morality and Truth

Author(s): Ionuţ Adrian Ghibanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A distinctive sign of human being, verbal communication is the only and original way of expression man was endowed with by his Creator. A political being par excellence, i.e. gifted with the power of communication, with the desire for communion and need for solidarity, man uses verbal language in order to express themselves and bond with their fellow people. Nowadays, public discourse has deepened its possibilities of attracting, seducing and supporting the achievement of the most various human interests, but as it strayed from the moral religious principles, it lost its substance and became an empty shell and an extremely efficient means of manipulation. Professional ethics is that which should underlie public relationships among a variety of socio-professional categories, correct slippages and provide a model of what coming out in the public space should be, because the estrangement from moral principles always leads to personal failures and catastrophes of human civilisation. The rupture between morality and religion, or, better yet, ethical foundation without religious principles leads to a personal and professional relativisation, which is not at all useful, and to the exclusively economical and financial prioritisation of human activities. This is obvious, particularly at the political, public level, but also in terms of public discourse in general. This study aims to thoroughly research these aspects, in terms of fulfilling this immediate need for the thirst for the truth, for identifying the causes of the immorality of public discourse endeavour and its remediation. The need for morality, authenticity and truth is increasing, because, as falsehood is publicly manifested, the desire for justice and public honesty also emerges.

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The Educational Marketing between Theory and Practice in the Context of Secondary Education Institutions

Author(s): Gabriel Gorghiu,Ana-Maria Aurelia Petrescu,Roxana Constanța Enache / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the context of the contemporary society, animated by material values, the concept of marketing - in its practical sense: the art of selling and/or the art to persuade customers to buy - becomes more important, crossing its traditional areas defined by economy or industry, and penetrating in various fields, like administration, culture and social life. As such, the concept of educational marketing started to be promoted, justified by the idea that education - together with culture and administration - has to become a profitable field at the societal level.The educational marketing involves: investigating the educational market, the consumption of education, the adaptation of the educational marketing policies to the requirements of the social and economic environment, the sizing of the educational services provided by the educational institutions according to the needs, preferences, expectations and exigencies of the consumers, as well as the goals of educational policies at national and international level, promotion of an efficient management of human resources, which together with the material and informational resources stimulate the synergic effects of the educational values ​​and services, and ensure the achievement of the predetermined objectives.In the paper, using the results of a questionnaire survey, there are identified the opinions of a sample of secondary school teachers - who participated in the European FP7 project IRRESISTIBLE -, concerning a series of theoretical and practical aspects connoted by the implementation of the educational marketing principles, at the level of the educational institutions.

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Romanian Agriculture and Sustainable Development

Author(s): Constantin Aurelian Ionescu,Liliana Paschia,Mihaela Denisa Coman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Agriculture is a vital activity with major consequences on food security of the population and on regional and local ecosystems, becoming a geostrategic tool important for the economic development of any country. In accordance with the requirements of the European Union, agriculture must be developed and transformed into an ecological agriculture that can offer viable solutions for: satisfying the demand for natural products obtained without the use of fertilizers and chemical substances, while at the same time diversifying and expanding the agricultural sector in harmony with environmental protection and the principles of sustainable development. The aim of the paper is to highlight the evolution of Romanian agriculture in the context of sustainable development according to the requirements of the European Union.

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Universities’ Contribution to More Effective Public Policies

Author(s): Liliana Lucaciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Focusing on understanding the specific gap in the availability and accessibility of the learning opportunities for public managers, the paper is based on the author experience in policy and programme design, implementation and evaluation in EU member states and EU neighbourhood countries. The importance of the theme is explained by the recognised constraints experienced in the policies and programmes’ analysis and evaluation. These phases appear to be deeply influenced by the availability of data, capacity to produce the necessary data, competences of the public managers and specialists to make the best use of data to formulate conclusions, identify alternative solutions and select the most appropriate ones.Based on a large literature review, the author outlines a clear map of the key actors in policy and programme design and evaluation, their role and the optimal competencies. Further on the author created an inventory of the typical gaps in ensuring the best use of data for effective policies and programmes, as well as solutions and measures implemented in different countries. The role of the universities and interactions with other actors for filling the gaps identified is assessed, leading to conclusions regarding the most effective future actions. The paper highlights the key role of the universities to develop specific competencies through education and training programmes, as well to contribute through research to new methodologies and tools for analysis and evaluation.

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Digital Post-processing on Scale Models - A Tool in Design Education

Author(s): Maria Mandea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Design education can benefit from using a more integrated approach between digital techniques and traditional model-making. This approach expands perception and can add layers of imaginative thinking, advancing the design process.Model making is an important tool in design as a way of developing and transmitting ideas in a three-dimensional manner. Also photography has been used in the past to understand and perceive design models. However, in recent years, due to both photography and digital post-processing of images being made accessible on a larger scale, it is becoming used as a fast rendering technique by some professionals and students. But it isn’t yet being used in design education. The process has three stages, without being linear: model-making, photography on the model and post-processing. They often influence each other, as new information and creative input in one stage can determine changes in another. So the model will affect the photograph and the post-processed image and also the post-processed image can induce changes in the model and, therefore, in the form of the object. This paper is based on theoretical research, observations of current practice and three workshops done at the Architecture School in Bucharest in February-March 2018. It expands the ways in which we can use accessible technology in design and design education.

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The Economic Impact of the Blue Economy

Author(s): Ana Olteanu,Viorela Stinga / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

For many countries the marine, costal and maritime sectors represent an important foundation for sustainable development. This is why in order to deliver and achieve it, many countries extend their economy beyond land based activities. A sustainable blue economy in every country depends not only on their maritime and marine zones, but also on their existing economic activities and their issues regarding the environmental, social, and cultural conditions. The main objective of the “blue economy” is to ensure environmental sustainability while promoting social inclusion, economic growth and preservation or improvement of livelihoods (UNCTAD 2014, UNDESA 2014). According to the World Bank in Europe, the Blue Economy represents nearly 5.4 million jobs and generates a gross added value of approximately €500 billion per year. In order to have a sustainable blue economy each country should find the best way to balance sustainability and economic growth to allow optimal use of maritime resources, ensuring at the same time maximum benefit to the environment. Throughout this paper, we tried to emphasize the economic impact of the Blue economy, by analyzing the key sectors: maritime transport, cruise tourism, aquaculture and offshore oil and gas. In each country, some of these sectors need little encouragement and additional governance, while others required better and more efficient planning in order to obtain sustainable outcomes.

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