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The aim of the article is primarily to present the etymology of the names and surnames of the Jubilarian as well as the way these onimas function both historically and today. The source material for analysis was excerpted from dictionaries of the Polish language: etymological, general (explanatory: historical and contemporary dictionaries), dialect, phraseological, and onomastic.
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Elżbieta is the name of biblical origin, and its appearance in Polish anthroponymy should be associated with the expansion of Christian culture, which in the Middle Ages covered almost all of Europe. It is a name taken from the Hebrew language. In Poland this name has been known since the 13th century. The first record of the name can be found in the document from 1198, then in the form Helisabeth: „Mesacho, Pollonie dux et prima uxor eius Helisabeth. For many centuries it was the name of a very popular, but since the sixties of the 20 th century, its popularity is decreasing.
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The article concerns the possibilities of Old-Polish apocrypha analysis from onomastic perspective. The research certifies that proper names observed in contexts of text, genre and most of all discourse can bring interesting answers to a question of apocrypha character. Two main functions of proper names are distinguished: speech genre forming and fear eliciting. One can affirm that the first function is connected with structural and semantic aspects of apocrypha speech genre, whereas the second one relates to pragmatic and partly style levels of the speech genre pattern. However both functions are important in the analysis of discourse level which is significant in the case of research on apocrypha understanding as an Old-Polish culture phenomenon.
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The author presents Vincent Pol’s (1807‒1872) fascination with Polish folk names from a geographical and botanical domain. Pol argues that such names are well-suited and constitute a source of information about the world. He postulates that regional and folk names should be included in academic descriptions.
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The aim of the paper is to indicate functions of toponyms in the text of the 19th century memoir written by Julian Borzym — a Polish nobleman coming from Podlasie (north-east part of Poland). Local and field names perform a informative function in the text. They create a geographical background for the presented events, show topography of towns and villages, indicate a position and status of described people (names of owned or leased properties). The informative function is connected with the locative one, that indicates the position of presented toponyms in time (e.g. names connected with historical events) and space, and also the affiliation to a given region which can be seen in the characteristic morphological features such as suffixes -(ow)izna/-yzna (Wierzbowizna, Piszczatowizna, Malinowszczyzna), -k instead of -ek in the forms of the genitive case (z Rzepk, z Rosk, do Niemierk, do Kobosk).
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The article is an attempt to solve the genesis of the Lemko word skwirt (present in the name of the village of Skwirtne in Low Beskids). Based on the available written sources (from Slovak, Ukrainian and Polish areas, Polish, Ukrainian and Belarusian lexicons, as well as correspondence with famous botanicts, the author tries to explain not so much the ethymology of the lexeme (which is know), but the reasons for a specific intersection on a specific area (Lemko region) of the names of the trees: spruce and larch.
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The article is intended to be a research reconnaissance, an attempt to face the variable and unstable resource of unofficial urban onims, to signal methodological problems that may arise during proper research, to show the possibilities and limitations of the researcher of this issue. Already from a superficial analysis prepared on a small set of colloquial urban names, difficulties arise related to the generacy, hermetic, openness of the set and fluidity of names different from official ones. The analysis led to the following conclusions that urban colloquial nomenclature arises by modifying official names through ellipses, phonetic changes, inflectional changes, etc. — existing names or through doublets — previous names, changed; and without reference to the circulation of official names in the form of urbanonyms created on the basis of associations, language games or language jokes.
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The article presents the names of Lodz streets with a sports origin and proper names of sports facilities. The material was excerpted from the Słownik nazewnictwa miejskiego Łodzi and from the website of the City of Łódź Office. The names were subjected to a semantic and structural analysis.
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The article deals with selected features of political communication. Its purpose is to analyze the means of secondary nomination in relation to persons, objects, human collectives, and the means of primary and secondary nomination in relation to names of human collectives and events. The author analyzes proper names and descriptions from the last 20 years, during which she observed the political discourse in the media. Representative examples are given in the article. The analysis of the entire material shows that the acts of nomination play an important role in political communication. They are used to build an image, shaping a positive attitude towards the object or its discredit. Secondary changes of names are not uncommon, which are a signal of a different position and polemics. Specific descriptions that identify individual objects but do not lose their motivation deserve special attention. Thanks to this, they perform a persuasive function.
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The paper deals with the problem of the use of capital letters in relation to two selected orthographic rules: the spelling of the names of titles and the names of objects in urban space. It was shown that the current orthographic rules are to a great extent inconsistent and are the result of arbitrary (and, more importantly, incorrect) interpretation of the status of genre names. The postulate of an overriding orthographic rule was formulated, which would require that all words in the structure of proper names be spelled with capital letters. Such a solution would have a systemic value, simplifying the existing chaos and unnecessary detailing of regulations.
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The article describes the religious vocabulary and the way it is presented in the Great Dictionary of the Polish Language of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The author characterizes the main conceptual circles in which the religious vocabulary is focused, and analyzes the chronological, stylistic and pragmatic qualifiers used in the description. She draws attention to new lexical units, not listed in previous dictionaries.
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The purpose of the sketch is to identify the sender’s point of view and to reconstruct the city profiles defined by his prism (understood from the social perspective as residents, events they participate in, everyday experiences, way of thinking and experiencing the world) revealed in Maria Kietlińska’s 19th-century diary, Memoirs. The analysis revealed a clear point of view — it is the view of an aristocrat who wrote in a mature age, whose youth fell during the time of national captivity, and whose memoirs are written during the difficult post-war situation. Such optics allowed to distinguish three profiles of old Krakow: sentimental, for which the most important thing is the dissonance between the brilliant past and the disappointing present, national, in which patriotism plays an important role, and the salon one, showing family ties and customs of the nineteenth-century elite.
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The aim of the article is to analyse language games in columns, which are a source of humor. The research material was a column by Tomasz Olbratowski and Michał Rusink. The introduction discusses the concepts of column and humor. In the analytical part, examples of language games were selected, in which the authors use the sound and meaning of words for artistic purposes, break conversational rules, creatively refer to other styles and genres and well-known cultural texts. Analysis of the material showed that the authors of the columns are very creative. They put a lot of effort into the selection and juxtaposition of means of expression in order to produce a humors effect. The recipient of the columns must demonstrate knowledge of the political, social and cultural context and actively participate in the process of interpreting the text.
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The article contains a structural, semantic and functional analysis of slogans as manifestations of verbal communication among MKS Pogoń Szczecin fans. The conducted descriptions prove that the analyzed texts are characterized by: structural simplicity (the majority of expressions and single sentences), the use of lexical means from various stylistic registers of the Polish language (next to vulgarisms and invectives, mainly - marked colloquiality) and thematic diversity (apart from prescribed behaviors and feelings towards the club or other fans, also elements of a patriotic nature). The characteristic features of slogans described in these considerations ensure that they perform the most important functions from the point of view of the existence of the described community, i.e. integrating, informative and persuasive.
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The article analyzes the statements of sports journalists in various media (especially television and the Internet). Its purpose was to answer the question of what language they use. It was assumed that this is mainly colloquial Polish, which was proved during the analysis of the material. This conclusion prompted reflection on the question of the legitimacy of expecting journalists, especially sports journalists, to use standard Polish.
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The article presents the stylistic diversity of official biographical notes and family periodicals. The paper demonstrates the peculiar pragmatic relation among the authors and readers connected with the Janota Bzowski family tradition. Some family members have been described in texts from different sources: more official biographical notes and more private as well as emotional memoirs. The official notes from biographical lexicons contain the most important facts about the hero, a clan member. On the other hand, the family memoirs reveal a subjective choice of events, which are, however, described specifically and in details.
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One hundred and twenty-nine diary entries made by Ludwig Wittgenstein in the years 1930–1932, 1936–1937, and published for the first time in 1997 were the subjects of linguistic and linguistic theoretical analysis. The history of the diary as well as its structure and semantics were discussed. The most important fragments of the entries in the diary have been subjected to onomasiological analysis, as a result of which they are assigned to the names of concepts expressing their semantics globally and creating a conceptual structure.
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