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Innovations and Economic Growth in Romania - Current State and Perspectives

Author(s): Vinko Kandzija,Marko Tomljanović,Tomislav Kandzija / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Romania became a member of the EU in 2007 and thus gained the preconditions for achieving economic growth and long-term stability. Romania has not fully exploited all benefits of EU membership and is still in the group of the least developed member states. However, recent reports points to accelerated economic growth and improvement of economic performances of Romanian economy. In current situation, special emphasis should be placed on further stimulation of investments in research and development and their products. Such an orientation will result in achieving economic growth and improvement of the national competitiveness.

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Management of Sports Organizations

Author(s): Maria Cristina Stefan,Dorin Iancu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Beyond the fact that sport has become a major social phenomenon, it has also turned into an educational approach in the sense that it is, on the one hand, an educational tool imposed by the changes in the minds of the people, on the other hand, a moral reference to education. Sport is more than just a sport, it has become a show involving several categories of actors: sports organizations, trade organizations, spectators, central and local communities. If at the beginning of the last century there were few nonworking organizations over time, their number grew a lot.

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Sustainable Development as a Basic Concept Development of Cities

Author(s): Vinko Kandzija,Ivan Tolic,Predrag Cudina / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The development of cities by their volume and dynamics generated many conflicting places in both conceptual as well as in the implementation part. The sensibility of our time, public sensitivity to the quality of life and environmental quality required in consideration of development concepts for the new approaches. A special dimension to the issue of giving and awareness of the scarcity of resources. The doctrine of sustainable development manifests itself as an epoch-making, and the only way out of the above dilemma. Dimensions that reflect doctrines are improving urban infrastructure and urban infrastructure, support the development of social services and civil society, support local development, energy efficient development - reducing CO2 emissions, preservation and development of cultural heritage, sustainable transport and networking, development cooperation, improving governance. It is necessary to find an answer to the growing needs of urban communities and local governments to take over the role of the driver of economic activity in their communities, organizers of social inclusion and advocate of environmental protection and the fight against climate change. In times of reduced fiscal capacity and growing obligations, the EU structural funds and investment funds are proving to be an important and accessible source of funding for a range of public needs at the local level.

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Using the Multidimensional Data Models for Forecasting, Calculation and Cost Analysis

Author(s): Cezarina Adina Tofan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A step forward for intelligent decision-making systems is the use of models that take into account the specificities of decision-making processes and analysis criteria and build the decision-making variants that are evaluated and presented to the decision-makers. This involves analytical knowledge of the decision-making mechanism to identify the elements involved in the decision-making process, the links between them and the interdependencies with the decisional environment, as well as the laws, the criteria on which the act of the proper election is conducted. It is needed such a comprehensive perspective on the decision-making mechanism to understand that the decision is not a singular act of a simple choice of two or more alternatives, it is an act with a thorough informational foundation. The complex foundation of the decision-making process must start with the analysis of the objectives and their correlation with the resources, so only we can reach the intuition and formulation of the decisional problem, which is the first stage of modelling the decision-making process.

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Improving Management by Motivating Human Capital within Public Institutions

Author(s): Gheorghe Sebastian Iacob,Maria-Luiza Hrestic / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The human resource has come to the attention of specialists, especially those in the economic field, when it was found, both at individual and at country level, that the highest profits are due to investment in knowledge, skills, qualification and less in physical capital (machinery, construction, machines, equipment, etc.). The increasing importance of human capital is largely determined by the development of information and communication technologies and, in particular, by the transition to the “knowledge-based economy”. The theory of human capital has thus succeeded in supporting and arguing the individual's decision to continue his studies, the differentiation of salary by skill and age, the demand for educational services and medical assistance, the influence of education on growth and economic development, the transmission of economic inequalities from generation to generation, thus contributing to the establishment of educational policies and their correlation with labor market requirements. Human capital is the main wealth of society and the main factor of economic growth. Although it is known that what people produce can be gathered and multiplied, resulting in important aggregates and indices in the economic context, formal education, personal skills and health play an important role in this sense. All are essential constituents of human capital. Also, human capital theory has managed to provide arguments about the individual's decision to continue his studies, to improve educational services and health care, and much more. For society, human capital produces long-lasting economic and social effects, making it easier to move from poverty to wealth.

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Comparative Study on the Regulation of Group Companies Accounts Consolidation – Anglo-Saxon Approach versus Continental Approach

Author(s): Violeta State,Andreea Raluca Stoica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The contemporary configuration of economies covers a variety of processes. Firstly, this corresponds to the opening of savings to international transactions and the development of the exchange of goods and services. Secondly, the international mobility of production factors, and especially of capital, denotes what we need to understand through globalization. Globally, companies in the group are an economic unit, to be presented as a whole. In this respect, it is necessary to prepare consolidated financial statements by integrating the individual financial statements of the members of the group. Following the establishment of the reference framework and the conceptual coordinates of the consolidated financial statements, we continued the scientific approach by addressing the main relevant regulations at international, European and national levels, analyzing the evolution over time, existing interdependencies and current status. We presented the evolution of the accounting normalization process in order to highlight the interest for creating accounting norms that will ultimately lead to a unitary mode of action and application in order to achieve comparability of content and interpretation of accounting information. We have followed this process of accounting convergence both at the level of international, European and U.S. institutions, as well as at the level of our country, Romania.

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Mathematics – a Transdisciplinary Approach: Interference in Economy

Author(s): Ioana Mihai (Sicrieru),Anisoara Duica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper presents briefly the notions of interdisciplinarity, pluridisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity and their importance in modern society, but at the same time proposes an interdisciplinary approach between mathematics and various sciences or fields of activity, taking into account that in recent years, universities, institutions research and funding agencies have made great efforts to encourage interdisciplinary research.

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Trends in Women Education and Training in Romania

Author(s): Violeta Andreea Andreiana,Laura Marcu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Among EU Member States, Romania has one of the highest rates of early leavers from education. Meanwhile, adult training is quite low compared to the European average. These factors affect young people's ability to integrate both social and labour market. In our paper, we analyze the participation of Romanian female population in the educational process. For this purpose we use descriptive statistics to highlight the evolution of the participation in education of the female population, the gap that exists between men and women in terms of early school leave, tertiary studies fulfilled and adult learning.

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Green Accounting - Pivot of Non-Financial Reporting

Author(s): Sorina Geanina Stanescu,Constantin Aurelian Ionescu,Mihaela Denisa Coman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Lately we talk often about an expansion of financial reporting through the integration of environmental information in the financial statements. Environmental issues become essential for many companies and lots are becoming to include these aspects in their financial reports. Recognizing, evaluating and presenting these issues are the responsibility of management. Thus, is developed a new form of accounting - green accounting, or environmental accounting, as a link for the interaction between the environment and the economy. The objective principal of this research is to present the role that green accounting plays in developing non-financial reporting by identifying and assessing environmental costs and integrating them into reports published by economic entities. After Romania joined the European Union use and implementation the green accounting by national enterprises is increasingly evident. Environmental accounting or green accounting is as a necessary tool for substantiating decisions, is a system used to organize, manage and provide data and information for environment. We initiate the present scientific approach with a theoretical research in order to identify the main stages of the occurrence and the evolution of the environmental accounting. In the final part, we will present the involvement of international accounting organizations in the publication of environmental information, promoting the environmental balance as a form of publication the environmental information in international level.

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Environmental Audit Contribution to the Evaluation and Control of Environmental Information

Author(s): Sorina Geanina Stanescu,Constantin Aurelian Ionescu,Mihaela Denisa Coman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The importance of environmental information at international level has contributed to the evolution of environmental reporting of economic entities, both in the annual financial statements and in special reports dedicated exclusively to environment and sustainable development. Thus, a new concept - environmental audit - emerges as an instrument for the certification and control of environmental information in accordance with legal regulations. Environmental auditing has been developed to reduce the environmental costs and recognized sanctions for industrial accidents with environmental and human impacts. The main purpose of this research is to present how the environmental audit contributes to the evaluation and the control of the environmental information, which are published by the enterprise whose activity have an significant impact about the environment. Environmental auditing is a voluntary activity, standardized by independent, non-regulatory professional bodies. The research undertaken is part of constructive, positivist research, using descriptive analysis as the main method of research. The source of the information used in this article is the study of scientific papers in the field of environmental auditing, scientific papers in the field of environmental and accounting researches regarding the environment of the normative acts, as well as other reports and communications on environmental information and the international standards applicable on environment field.

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Emotional Intelligence – A Condition of Managerial Success

Author(s): Ionica-Luminita Stoenica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Emotional intelligence is nowadays an essential attribute of any efficient manager who is concerned about achieving great results and being successful in his career and life. One can state, according to experts in the area, that success-oriented management begins with the manager’s inner life management, which is a difficult task. Before leading others, one must be able to analyze oneself, understand oneself and control one’s own feelings and emotions, also to empathize and develop constructive relationships in order to get oriented towards one’s goals and towards success. So that an institution should make progress, it is essential for the manager to create a working climate meant to provide the staff with a positive state, full of confidence and optimism, honesty and comfort. A successful manager is characterized by flexibility, adaptability to diverse situations and a positive mood, which enhances the employees’ achievements. Therefore, creating a healthy positive climate involves activating the components of both the manager’s and the employees’ emotional intelligence. Good self-knowledge helps managers organize themselves better, be more emphatic and coordinate their employees’ activity more efficiently towards professional performance, acting optimistically, enthusiastically, persuasively and firmly in order to achieve the objectives. They are motivated for reaching the highest results, for accomplishing their aims and thus they mobilize their positive emotions for this purpose. Developed emotional intelligence, with all its components, represents an asset, providing extra credibility and being at the same time a condition for a top manager who acts efficiently in a well-functioning organizational background.

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The Impact of Managerial Accounting Tools in Decision-Making

Author(s): Rebeca Ioana Bostan,Silviu Constantin Nastasia,Anca Marta Ciobanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Any decision involves an elementary logical decision-making process that consists in gathering information, choosing certain alternatives, taking into account future benefits and costs, and evaluating the results obtained. The decision-making and the initiation of actions for the operationalization of the decisions are made under the conditions of more and more intense challenges and pressures, inside and outside the organization, therefore one of the solutions the manager has to use to make her own activity more efficient is to harness relevant and operative information. It is important that a decision is taken when there is a discrepancy between the current situation and the desired results, and the decision-maker is aware of this discrepancy and is obliged to change it. The paper presents general aspects of managerial decision making, useful tools for managers to analyze the influence of cost factors in decision-making, the way in which accountants prepare their useful information in substantiating decisions. Of the many instruments used for decision-making, the scoreboard plays a fundamental role. The dashboard is recommended in any managerial situation where managers adopt a certain decision-making behavior. In the category of management tools used in the management process, the dashboard is one of the methods that should not be missed by any manager.

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Investment in Education at EU Level

Author(s): Diana Andreia Hristache,Valentin Dimon / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Education is a culture of character, a habit against nature, but the only one that distinguishes people. It is an art that makes the conscious pass into the subconscious, it is a fact of the school, and of a virtue that every individual carries within. Everywhere in the world, leaders or managers are forced to make capital investment decisions. Investment options are pre-weighed extensively and all asset acquisition options and alternatives are analyzed in detail. For example, for the acquisition of a car, meaning an investment of a few tens of thousands of euros, the criteria are: "Which is the best in terms of quality/price, and which has the highest level of reliability?" the same questions, however, are asked when making investment decisions in human capital. The success of a business in today's times is extremely dependent on the understanding that the importance of long-term investment in people and human capital is a huge one.

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Impact of Leadership Team Values and Performance on Organizational Behavior

Author(s): Ion Stegaroiu,Valentin Radu,Hamit Simsek,Alina Iuliana Tabirca / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The authors investigated the relationship between leadership team values and organizational behaviour, form a theoretical point of view. Due to the fact that we live in an era of continuous change, in which the technology surprises us every day, which passes more and wherever we want it or not, we must respond to these fluctuations. For people to survive, they have to adapt to the circumstances and events around them. If they seek to evolve and of course develop, the human species must make major changes and face all kinds of attempts. It's not just that changes are taking place at an increasingly rapid pace. The future itself no longer has the same conception as in the past. Drucker states that "All institutions exist and operate in two periods of time: today and tomorrow. The future is preparing today and is often irrevocable. That is why managers have to organize both the present and the future. In times of change, managers do not have to imagine that the future is a continuation of the present. On the contrary, they have to turn to change and change, both as an opportunity and as a threat." Building a high performing, values-driven team that utilizes the strengths of its members requires commitment and an ongoing process of values management that becomes deeply ingrained into the ethos of the team. In this article we will analyse what is not working. We provide you with an overview of what drives your leaders, how they work together, and what they want to build on or develop for the future.

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Educational Management by Implementation of Non-Living Tertiary Education as Necessity to National Economy

Author(s): Sorinel Mihalcea,Delia Iuliana Banica,Gabriela Boca / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper meets the analysts' forecasts of a new economic crisis that Romania will face in 2018. The competent and efficient management of education at both the system and the educational institution requires its scientific substantiation. The basis of this is the science of education management or educational management. The success of management in general and especially of education can be more importantly enhanced by the intelligent actions of managers and the achievement of more and better performance, with less, referring to time, material and financial resources, human resources, efforts etc., characteristics determined by the fact that we all manage our life and work, and some of us and others. It can be appreciated that the value and effectiveness of managerial activity depend to a great extent on its substantiation on the theory of management science and the elevated, multidimensional skills of the manager, qualities that have the force to mobilize all the resources (human, informational, financial, etc.) to successfully achieve the objectives of each domain and each social unit. Education managers, starting from the fact that education is the most important factor of human education and education and the most dynamic socio-human field, must ensure its change and adaptation to the information society requirements in order to train the young generation on the basis of language and technology so that every man prepared by the school knows how to work with the computer, both for his training and for solving professional problems after his graduation from school or faculty.

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Unconstitutionality of Exoneration from Legal Liability of Local Dignitaries

Author(s): Ioana Panagoreț,Vasile Ivan Ivanoff / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The present study highlights the unconstitutionality of art. 128 of the Law no. 215/2001, as introduced by Law no. 140/2017, since the above-mentioned text only exonerates from liability a wide range of elected local dignitaries, depriving them of any responsibility and deleting from their content the competences and attributions assigned to them by the organic and ordinary laws relevant in this matter. It is for the first time in our legal system when serious legal and constitutional threats are being created, bringing over a lawful category of public officials, seriously infringing Article 16 of the Constitution. It surprises the inefficiency of the People's Advocate and of the Constitutional Court in analyzing the constitutionality of this text of the law both a priori and subsequent of its adoption. In the situation of the changes to Article 128, does it somehow place us in this paradigm of the elimination of liability, because there is "too much responsibility"? We think it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion! The arguments invoked by us in this study do nothing to converge with the doctrinal opinions already expressed in the literature and to support the quasi-unanimity of the existing opinions regarding the unconstitutionality of the above mentioned law.

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The Appeal in Interpretation in the International Jurisdictional Practice

Author(s): Denisa Barbu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Apart from other remedies - reviewing or appealing, jurisdictional practice also knows the recourse in interpreting and rectifying errors. Thus, when the IJC had the power to pronounce a decision, it also has the competence to interpret it, as in art. 98 of the ICJ Regulation. The Court may, at the request of either party, interpret one of its judgments if there is a disagreement between the views of the parties as to the meaning of the Court’s judgments. In practice, few interpretations requests are known to the Court. The Permanent Court of International Justice was seized twice with such requests, in 1925, for the interpretation of the judgment of 12 September 1924 in the Neuilly Treaty of Peace, the examination of which was refused because it exceeded the provisions of that judgment and in 1926, concerning the interpretation of the judgment of 25 May 1925 pronounced in the Case of German Interests in Upper Silesia, which was admitted by the Court for consideration. As regards the rectification of errors, this appeal is recognized, unlike the ICJ, only by the ECHR practice, and is governed by the Court’s Rules of Art. 81, according to which the errors of writing or computing and the obvious inaccuracies can be rectified by any jurisdictional body of the ECHR, either ex officio, or at the request of a party. Also, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in Annex VII art. 12 provides for the option to lodge an appeal for interpretation on the arbitral award issued. Thus, in the event of differences between the parties regarding the interpretation or the method of interpreting the judgment, the interested party has the right to refer the arbitral tribunal of the decision to a request for interpretation.

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The Review – a Legal Remedy against International Law Opposability

Author(s): Octavian Florin Barbu,Cristian Alexandru Mitroi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Legal remedies against opposability are mechanisms that aim at obtaining a court’s withdrawal of its previous decision or the annulment or reformulation of the previously adopted decision. The system of the respective legal means, which, in fact represents different ways of appeal, is incomplete and differs from that provided by the national law. The review is a remedy reserved to sustainable courts, which consists in the possibility for the parties to draw a decision that was previously wrongly pronounced. It is a review of judgments that have been formulated on the basis of erroneous data (facts which at the time of the examination of the case were ignored and subsequently discovered) that played a decisive role in making a decision from an arbitrator or a judge. Art. 61 of the IJC Statute provides that the trial may be started without the consent of the other party and, implicitly, may be opened upon the submission of a unilateral request. As a rule, a review request is examined by the contentious party that issued the decision under review. The review request is solved in two stages. In the first stage, the Chamber or the Grand Chamber can declare of its own motion to reject the application on the ground that nothing justifies its examination. In the second stage, if the application was not rejected, the Registrar shall communicate it to all other interested parties, to submit any written observations within the time limit set by the Judge. The arbitration panels may also be subject to the review procedure in accordance with the conditions laid down in the 1907. Thus, according to Art. 83 of the Convention, in order to be able to use the review of the arbitral award, the parties are obliged to reserve this right in the arbitration agreement, which also stipulates the term in which a request for revision of the sentence may be filed.

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Conditions of Validity of the Lease Agreement and its Possibility in the Case of the Arrangement

Author(s): Cristian Alexandru Mitroi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

At first glance, reading only the provisions of art. 1836-1850 Civil Code regarding agricultural lease contract, it can be concluded that, apart from a few special provisions about the derived object, the conclusion of an agricultural lease agreement would not involve specific issues in relation to the conditions of validity. But at a more careful assessment, including a corroboration of specific legal provisions of the agricultural lease contract with those set out in the matter of the lease, it appears that, at least on the capacity, scope, and form, there are specific legal requirements that circumstantiates the conditions of the analyzed contract in terms of validity. In the material presented, I shall try, after a brief overview of the concept and legal features of agricultural lease agreements, to identify key elements, specific and exceptional provisions of this contract in terms of its conditions of validity by exposing problems of interpretation that may arise about the issues mentioned. We will also analyze the conditions under which the rentable lease agreement concluded against the new owner works in the case of the alienation of the leased property.

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Criminological Aspects of Violence against Women

Author(s): Lavinia-Mihaela Vladila / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Violence against women is one of the social and legal paradoxes of our times. Regardless of the social development and the cultural or religious edges, it is found, in all European states and in all social layers. The current study aims to discover the preponderances in the social environment in which we often see this obscure form of violence, descending from ancient times until nowadays. We aim to identify the preponderant age of the victims, but also of the aggressors, their occupation, the causes of the violence against women most often occurring between partners. Our study shall present some of the statistics, in fact poor, currently existing in Romania. Reducing violence against women by understanding its social mechanisms and by appropriate legal response is a way of social responsibility for each of us.

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