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Hermeneutic phenomenology of science implies a particular version of realism. It approaches scientific entities in a twofold perspective: in their relation to other parts of the theory (as elements in a theoretical “language”), and in relation to the lifeworld as mediated by laboratory practices; as “fulfilled” in laboratory situations that “produce” worldly objects. The question then arises of the relation between the two perspectives; as Ginev has pointed out, there is danger of a theoretical essentialism which is implied when the mathematical projection is conceived as operationalized by experiment. Ginev’s proposal to avoid this involves the concept of “inscription.” This paper proposes another approach, covariant realism, which draws from Heidegger’s notion of formal indication and which makes explicit the temporality of theoretical objects in the flow of the research process. Formal indication does not so much describe phenomena as call them to our attention in a way that we can activate ourselves (as in laboratory contexts); it characterizes phenomena which are understood to be provisionally grasped, already interpreted, and anticipated as able to show themselves differently in different contexts. The value of this approach suggests deeper possibilities for hermeneutic phenomenology of science than have hitherto been explored.
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The paper argues that there is no logic of scientific discovery, but there is an inference-like pattern that we can model as a “logic,” retrospectively, once a discovery has been successfully made. While accepting a kind of epistemological pluralism and opportunism, the claim will be advocated that a convergent and reasonably wide-ranging normative “logic” might be constructed, one that might even work reasonably well in selected applications and might (therefore) also lead us to make congruent judgments of irrationality or illogicality wherever it seems not to yield the “normatively appropriate” outcomes in otherwise comparable specimen cases.
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Drawing from the example of critical psychology, this paper examines how dissatisfaction with an existing scientific paradigm can stimulate interest in philosophy and social theory. The emergence of a social constructionist understanding of scientific knowledge in prominent dialects of critical psychology is related to a combination of scientific and political concerns, and briefly set in the context of three important strands of twentieth century philosophy: existential hermeneutics, ordinary language philosophy and poststructuralism. These strands agree on at least two issues: the rejection of metaphysics and the ontological foregrounding of the notion of discourse or language-in-use. These philosophies have influenced the development of discursive methods and constructionist epistemologies in special sciences such as psychology and sociology. It is suggested, however, that both the commitment against metaphysics and the prioritising of discourse are problematic, and that a process metaphysics based on the three pillars of possibility, mediation and actuality (or pattern, matrix and activity) might be articulated in order to overcome the bifurcation of nature tacitly accepted by the commitment to a discursive ontology.
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The most promising contemporary form of epistemic scientific realism is based on the following intuition: Belief should be directed, not toward theories as wholes, but toward particular theoretical constituents that are responsible for, or deployed in, key successes. While the debate on deployment realism is quite fresh, a significant degree of confusion has already entered into it. Here I identify five criteria that have sidetracked that debate. Setting these distractions aside, I endeavor to redirect the attention of both realists and non-realists to the fundamental intuition above. In more detail: I show that Stathis Psillos (1999) has offered an explicit criterion for picking out particular constituents, which, contrary to Kyle Stanford’s (2006) criticisms, neither assumes the truth of theories nor requires hindsight. I contend, however, that, in Psillos’s case studies, Psillos has not successfully applied his explicit criterion. After clarifying the various alternative criteria at work (in those case studies and in a second line of criticism offered by Stanford), I argue that, irrespective of Stanford’s criticisms, the explicit criterion Psillos does offer is not an acceptable one. Nonetheless, the deployment realist’s fundamental intuition withstands all of these challenges. In closing, I point in a direction toward which I’ve elsewhere focused, suggesting that, despite the legitimacy and applicability of the deployment realist’s intuition, the historical threat that prompted it remains.
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One of the “characteristic parameters” dividing up analytical and Continental philosophizing is the interpretation of the concepts of “reality” and “the world”. The paper offers an analysis of this characteristic parameter with regard to the relations between epistemologically centred and hermeneutically oriented doctrines of realism.
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Lifeworld realism and quantum-physical realism are taken as experience-dependent conceptions of the world that become objects of explicit reflection when confronted with context-external discourses. After a brief sketch of the two contexts of experience—lifeworld and quantum physics—and their realist interpretations, I will discuss the quantum world from the perspective of lifeworld realism. From this perspective, the quantum world—roughly speaking—has to be either unreal or else constitute a different reality. Then, I invert the perspective and examine the lifeworld from the standpoint of quantumphysical realism. This conception of the lifeworld has gained momentum from new research results in recent decades. Despite its experiential basis, quantum-physical realism bears an ambiguity akin to that of lifeworld realism. While the perspectival inversion serves to highlight the problem, it also contributes to an improved understanding of lifeworld-realism.
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Review on: Margarita Kuznecova, Nazvanija dikih i domašnih životnyh v marijskom jazyke, Joškar-Ola 2010
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Review on: Tiit-Rein Viitso, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-leţkīel sõnārōntõz. Liivi-eesti-läti sõnaraamat. Lībiešu-igauņu-latviešu vārdnīca. Toimetamine ja läti vasted / Redaktors un latviešu daļas autors Valts Ernštreits, Tartu—Rīga 2012
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Review on: Inge Käsi, Vanapärase Võru murde sõnaraamat. Toimetanud Helmi Neetar, Tallinn 2011
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Review on: Heinike Heinsoo, Mā ja pūd lēväd, meid eb lē. The Subject and the Predicate in Votic, Tallinn 2010 (Linguistica Uralica. Supplementary Series / Volume 4)
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Review on: Külli Prillop, Optimaalsusteoreetiline käsitlus eesti keele fonoloogilisest kujunemisest, Tartu 2011 (Dissertationes Philologiae Estonicae Universitatis Tartuensis 28)
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Review on: Liivlased. Ajalugu, keel ja kultuur. Koostanud ja toimetanud Renāte Blumberga, Tapio Mäkeläinen ja Karl Pajusalu, Tallinn 2011
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The paper concentrates on problems linked with validity of ex post facto and experimental research in education. It describes the largest stumbling points in interpretation of ex post facto and experimental research findings and then it substantiates the need of their interconnection. Two manners of connecting ex post facto and experimental research are proposed as well as their practical realisation in research projects are presented.
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Professional family is one of the most discussed topics within the surrogate care including the institutional care. In spite of paying much attention to this topic by professionals, most of the thinking concentrates on legislative and organisational aspects of this care only. Educational aspects in this care are taken as self-evident, and are said to be „unimportant“. The aim of this paper is to fill in the gap by concentrating specifically on education in the professional family. Conditions of education in the professional family are analyzed and aims and content of this education for professional parents is proposed. The theory described is based on family education theory and on the findings of author’s empirical research in professional families.
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Based on a newly found document in Arkhangelsk’s regional archive (Russia) the current short message brings the attention on one unknown until now charity initiative – the collection of donations in Arkhangelsk during the First Balkan War and sending them to Bulgaria with the cooperation of the Bulgarian Red Cross.
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India is one of the countries which is popular among the biggest circles in the Bulgarian community. Based on letters written by the Bulgarian citizens during the 1950s until 1980s to official institutions like the Bulgarian Embassy in Delhi, The Ministry of Foreign Affairs etc., this article looks at the Bulgarian response to the information spread about this country and the perception of its culture and society.
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After the Berlin Congress (1978), which divides the Bulgarian lands, the biggest amount of Bulgarian Catholics stay within the Ottoman Empire – mostly in Macedonia and less in Edirne Thrace. Using the interdisciplinary methodology, the research studies geographical diffusion, numbers and demographic indexes of Bulgarian Catholics (respectively Uniates) in Macedonia during the period 1879–1912, something that has not been a subject for a specific research up to now. That is why the above mentioned parameters have been examined taking in consideration the following data – the official statistic data of the Ottoman Empire, the data of Bulgarian Exarchate, the catholic data (those of Congregation of the Mission, known as Lazarites etc.), as well as Bulgarian and Greek sources. The study shows the differences in particular national statistics regarding the numbers of Bulgarian Uniates and Greek and Turkish attempts to manipulate the data in order to prove their “true” nationality. Last but not least, the study traces the ebb and flow waves to the Uniats during 19th–20th centuries. As a result it concludes that although the registered outflow from the Union at the end of 19th – beginning of 20th century, on the eve of the Balkan War (1912) there is a stabilizing and certain expansion of Catholicism positions amongst Bulgarians in Macedonia at the end of the 1st decade of 20th century. Both – the data of the Catholic sources, as well as the data of Bulgarian Exarchate for the years 1911–1912 confirm this.
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This text is the family chronicle of the Proshek brothers, a Czech family with a prominent role in the development of the Bulgarian economy after 1878. The text has been written by their direct descendant – grandson of Irzhi Proshek. Their family history is presented, as well as their first contacts with the Bulgarians and their further development in liberated Bulgaria. Some of their economic initiatives are described in detail (in the construction area, the infrastructure development, the brewing etc.); their activities in the community are being described. As far as the activities of the Proshek brothers are of importance to the early Bulgarian economic modernization, the text has its value not only as a family history, but also as a source about the economy history of the country.
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A presentation of “Let Me Tell You about the War… World War II and the Great Patriotic War in textbooks and in the minds of the students from the Slavic countries” – a collective monograph, written by eleven Russian authors.
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