CEEOL - Search Result

THE NATIONAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CURRENT GEOSTRATEGIC TENDENCIES

Author(s): Ganna Kharlamova / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: National security; Ukraine; strategy; threats

The genesis of national security paradigm of Ukraine is considered in comparison to European and world practice, NATO approach.The article reviews the new threats to security of Ukraine after the“Revolution of dignity” (2014) and prefigures a dialogue about the newparadigm developed in the latest decades in the field of national security.Lessons of Ukraine are observed for its allies.

More...

THE HYBRID WAR - THEORETICAL CONCEPTUAL
IDENTIFICATIONS

4.50 €

Preview

THE HYBRID WAR - THEORETICAL CONCEPTUAL IDENTIFICATIONS

Author(s): Svetlana Cebotari,Natalia Eremia / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Unconventional war; irregular war; compound war; hybrid war; strategy; geopolitical interest; strategical interests; the interest sphere; conflict.

At an interval of approximately 25 years after the end of Cold War andthe collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation tried toreestablish its hegemony in the Post Soviet spaces. Since 2000, theRussian policy has become offensive for reinstating the status of power inits near neighborhood as a Russian sphere of influence.The new forms of government from the Community of Independent States(CSI) in particular those from Republic of Moldova, Georgia, Ukrainerepresent a threat to its security as well as an obstacle to its hegemonictendencies.In this way many researchers consider that Putin's leadership is like ageostrategic „ revenge of Moscow'' on international arena, whose aim isto restore Russian influence in the world. As a result of Ukrainian crisis,in the specialized literature, and also in politicians' speeches,polemologists and scientists more and more the concept of hybrid war isused.This article emphasizes the main approaches and features of thephenomenon - „hybrid war’’. Also, the author subjects to analysis- hybridthreats to international security as well as state.

More...

THE GLOVES ARE OFF FOR RUSSIA-CHINA (MONGOLIA) -
CUDDLING IN A REGIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX?

4.50 €

Preview

THE GLOVES ARE OFF FOR RUSSIA-CHINA (MONGOLIA) - CUDDLING IN A REGIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX?

Author(s): Roxana Ioana Banciu / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Center for European Policy Evaluation

The RSC framework is used to examine the present case of Russia-China-Mongolia with particular references on areas of wide-ranging teamworkand also leading to the historical backgrounds of the Sino-Soviet Unionrelations, Mongolia–Soviet Union relations and Sino-Mongolian relations.Aiming at the couple Russia-China with or without Mongolia, the paper isbased on regional levels of analysis and variables, as developed by Buzanand Waever in Regions and Powers. Taking into consideration theinternational situation among these states, there is no doubt that thepattern of amity as well as both functional and operational relations willembrace the regional triangle.

More...

THE ISSUE OF TERRORISM IN THE INTERNATIONAL
HUMANITARIAN LAW

4.50 €

Preview

THE ISSUE OF TERRORISM IN THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW

Author(s): Radu Tabara / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Terrorism; crimes; propaganda; jihad

Terrorism has always been present in the history of humanity in variousforms (most often assassinations), but only recently it grew in importanceand visibility. The 9/11 events in 2001 set new limits in the activity of theterrorist groups, but also in the possibilities to tackle them and fight back.In the past years, the terrorist groups have relinquished any type ofhumanitarian interdiction, purposely committing attacks that resulted in alarge number of civilian victims.Until now, it has been impossible to issue an unanimously accepteddefinition of terrorism because of the complexity of the phenomenon and thedivergent stances and interests of the authors. The absence of such adefinition creates problems in the judicial and legal approach of thephenomenon.Although we refer to the fight against terrorism as “war on terrorism”,there is a major difference from a classical conflict, in which the partieshave the statute of belligerents. The military operations against terrorismare not considered conventional armed conflicts.The peril state induced by terrorism has determined numerous countries todepart from the principles of human rights by limiting some of them whileimplementing measures to prevent and combat terrorism. The adoption ofcertain rules, many times restrictive, has had as secondary major effect thelimitation and violation of the fundamental rights and liberties of thecitizens. The international treaties allow the restriction of some rights underwell-determined circumstances, but it is not recommended to use themsystematically and extensively. Furthermore, the legislation adopted bynumerous states to fight terrorism led to the significant increase of thesurveillance and investigative capabilities of the institutions authorized tofight terrorism, in detriment of the civil liberties.The UN has constantly declared that the fight against terrorism should takeinto consideration the respect of human rights.

More...

WEB COMMUNICATION STYLES OF THE
TRANSNISTRIAN AUTHORITIES

4.50 €

Preview

WEB COMMUNICATION STYLES OF THE TRANSNISTRIAN AUTHORITIES

Author(s): Nicoleta Annemarie Munteanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Web communication public administration unrecognized state Transnistria

Regarding the internationally unrecognized states, the issue of the institutions communication within the administrative system, but also with citizens, isvery little studied.The research difficulties are caused by the very small number of cases thatcan be studied in itself or in a comparative manner, by the interest lack of theauthorities inside of the recognized states to relate with unrecognizedauthorities, by the citizens disinterest of recognized countries to solveadministrative and socioeconomic problems referral to these authorities.On the other hand, the unrecognized administrative institutions have as acommunication goal the other administration components and citizens. Itcannot communicate with foreign administrative authorities, to which thecommunication restricted to the identity assertion - but it cannot solve alladministrative functions.During these circumstances, a study on the communication aspects on theInternet concerning the secessionist authorities in Tiraspol is a pioneer work.

More...

INTELLIGENCE TRADECRAFT IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL
WILDFIRES

4.50 €

Preview

INTELLIGENCE TRADECRAFT IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL WILDFIRES

Author(s): Cristina Posaştiuc / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Intelligence analysis; Social science and Big Data; Fragile movements; Digital wildfires

This paper argues that the advent of a new phenomenon of “digitalwildfires” will generate changes within the intelligence tradecraft on parwith the paradigmatic shifts of 9/11 or the economic crisis of 2008, albeit ina subtler, more insidious way.Moreover, Big Data, as a promise of intelligence analysis doneautomatically, without the need of a theoretical background, is not apanacea – now, more than ever, there is a need for a new breed ofintelligence analysts that can bridge social science expertise with atradecraft that relies more and more on technology

More...

THE DISCOURSE AGAINST ‘SECURITATE’ IN THE ROMANIAN
PUBLIC SPACE – THE DECEMBER 1989 MOMENT

4.50 €

Preview

THE DISCOURSE AGAINST ‘SECURITATE’ IN THE ROMANIAN PUBLIC SPACE – THE DECEMBER 1989 MOMENT

Author(s): Pavel Moraru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Security; securitate; anti-securitate; secret services; the Romanian the revolution from 1989; Ceauşescu

The so-called 'anti-securist discourse' (with reference to an opposingdiscourse directed against 'Securitate', the name of the secret servicesagency during Ceausescu regime) has started in the Romanian publicsphere in the night of 21st of December 1989 with the broadcast of certaininformation taken from ADN (Eastern Germany news agency) by the “FreeEurope” radio station. They transmited with that occasion a misinformationstating that the popular revolt in Timisoara has been repressed by theSecuritate, which resulted in between 3.000 and 4.000 deaths, includingalso pregnant women and children. Research conducted subsequently bythe prosecution and the civil or military courts established 56 dead, butalso that the security forces have used intimidation maneuver cartridges.Also, the army used weapons of war, from its supplies, but only when it wasattacked. Misinformation about alleged massacres made in Timisoara bythe Securitate were exposed in media and amplified by 'the putschists' andtheir collaborators from the group led by Ion Iliescu, who took power afterfleeing Ceausescus. All this proves the existence of a plan for diversionistmisinforming (maskirovka – in the Soviet terminology) which was very welldone, through which the 'putschists' justified the merits of the revolution,that helped them lead the revolutionary struggle against the so-called'terrorists-securists' . The article tries to put forward several documentedarguments in favour of this hypothesis and it also tries to draw attention onthe consequences for the Romanian society. Thse discourses have created avery critical perspective against the Securitate among the Romaniancitizens, which in various forms has been perpetuated to this day,generating confusion by mixing valid information with misinformation.Currently, Romania needs a more efficient and well designed securitysystem, based on a democratic security culture that would allow differentopinions, but that would not promote hate speech andnegativemisinformation, elements which should remain in the political arena ratherthan in the field of intelligence.

More...

GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE ROMANIAN TERRITORIAL
LOSSES FROM SUMMER 1940

4.50 €

Preview

GEOPOLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE ROMANIAN TERRITORIAL LOSSES FROM SUMMER 1940

Author(s): Pavel Moraru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Romania;, Bessarabia; annexation; geopolitics; the Second World War; U.R.S.S.; Germany

The Romanian territorial losses from summer 1940 represented the worstperiod from the history of the country. That situation was caused by theinternational context, especially by the German and URSS expansiontendency. The two countries signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (23 august1944) and divided into occupation zones the territory between Black andBaltic Sea.According to the German-Soviet agreement from June 28, 1940, the URSSannexed Bessarabia and the northern part of the Bukovina. So, they camecloser to Prahova Valley which was a very important source of petroleumfor Germany. The annexation of the two Romanian territories made Hitlerto impose upon Romania the Vienna Award (from August 30, 1940) andrapidly to prepare and apply the Barbarossa Operation.

More...

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND EUROPEAN UNION LAW
ON THE STATUS OF REFUGEES

4.50 €

Preview

PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND EUROPEAN UNION LAW ON THE STATUS OF REFUGEES

Author(s): Stelian Scăunaş / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Public international law Union European law refugees migrants humanitarian protection European security

What we are witnessing today in Europe and especially within the European Union, is a general confusion generated by waves of migrants and possible risks to the security of the EU and its Member States. The confusion is alsocaused by the lack of adequate policies and strategies and a major absence ofpredictability, but also by incorrect approaches of situations caused by thehuge number of people emigrating to Europe, especially to Western Europe,willing to settle here in a veritable exodus. Nevertheless, the genuine refugeesare only a small part of these people. Public international law brings underregulation the protection of refugees by establishing a legal status for them inthe Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, adopted by the UNO in 1951.Unfortunately, international law has few provisions related to the protection ofmigrant persons, other than refugees. We believe that a fair approach to thestatus of refugees, as it is established by international treaties, is necessary inorder to properly distinguish genuine refugees from other categories ofmigrants and thus to determine the obligations of European states (not only)concerning the refugees and what can the states do in order to protect thevictims of certain special situations, such as armed conflicts, difficult economiclife, natural disasters etc.

More...

SOCIAL DEVIANCE, AS A RESULT OF MODERN FAMILY
DISFUNCTION

4.50 €

Preview

SOCIAL DEVIANCE, AS A RESULT OF MODERN FAMILY DISFUNCTION

Author(s): Sabina LUCA / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Social deviance; family; socialization; children and young people

Frequently, the social deviance is the result of an improper process ofsocialization. The family is, in our opinion, the most important socializingagent for children and young people. For this reason, when something goeswrong within the family, we have to look carefully to see what’s going onthere. Are the disorganized families responsible for social deviance ordelinquency? Which is the real behaviour of a disorganized family? Whichare the main problems of a normal family? Does this problem impact thechildren’s actions? We are trying to answer these questions in this article,in order to see the connection between the social deviance and the modernfamily

More...

THE URBAN BATTLEGROUND. SECURING OPEN
CITIES FROM RANDOM VIOLENCE

4.50 €

Preview

THE URBAN BATTLEGROUND. SECURING OPEN CITIES FROM RANDOM VIOLENCE

Author(s): Alexandru Jipa-Teodoros / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Security; terrorism; fear; urban safety.

European cities are facing an environment dominated by the presence of threats and their unexpected transformation into episodes of violence.Generating security and maintaining a level of trust in state institutions hasbecome a more challenging task. Security has grown more focused insecuring the domestic scene. Public safety is paramount for individuals andwhen public safety is contested, individuals usually respond with fear andmistrust.Securing the city means securing a way of life as the city is the mainembodiment of modernity, the primary source of progress and the home ofmost people in Western societies. Big cities like Paris, London or New Yorkrequire the permanent vigilance of a large security apparatus, focused onprevention and the reduction of risks.When citizens are forcibly turned into victims or powerless by-standers aprocess of reflection emerges. How can security be enhanced to avoid themodification of the lifestyle and to avoid curbing down appreciated freedomsin the West?

More...

ECONOMIC, MILITARY, HUMAN OR POLITICAL SECURITY?
AN ANALYSIS OF PRESIDENT DWIGHT EISENHOWER’S
FAREWELL ADDRESS

4.50 €

Preview

ECONOMIC, MILITARY, HUMAN OR POLITICAL SECURITY? AN ANALYSIS OF PRESIDENT DWIGHT EISENHOWER’S FAREWELL ADDRESS

Author(s): Graţian Lupu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Eisenhower farewell address; military-industrial complex; Dwight D. Eisenhower;democracy

In his farewell address, president Dwight D. Eisenhower expresses important ideas and warns about the gain of excessive influence, them is placed power of the American military-industrial complex, built duringhis time at the White House. He also warns about the risks of the scientificresearch to be taken over by the state or the risk that scientists gain toomuch influence in society. Eisenhower exhorts people to balance,moderation, temperance and also warns about the risks of the cold war. Wetranslated the speech in Romanian and also made some comments andanalysis on the text and show the impact of the farewell address 50 years after and what the media and some specialists published about this speech.

More...

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AND THE CIVILIZATION
DIALOGUE: EPISTEMOLOGY AND SECURITY ISSUES

4.50 €

Preview

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AND THE CIVILIZATION DIALOGUE: EPISTEMOLOGY AND SECURITY ISSUES

Author(s): Ion SÎRBU / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Civilization; global environmental ethics; ecological humanism; ethnic humanism ecosophy.

Does cultural diversity inevitably lead to civilization diversity? Are there many civilizations today, or is there a single one – western civilization? The era of globalization requires a new and a correspondent morality too, not anational one, but a general human one.To study and implement such a morality, there is a need for appropriateethics - global environmental ethics. The new ethics, as well as the newmorality will be based on humanism, including the environmental andethnic ones.The actuality of the humanism in its triple aspects is increasing, because thehuman future and the developing of the human civilization ultimatelydepend on it.

More...

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICS AND RELIGION
FROM THE CHRISTIAN-ORTHODOX PERSPECTIVE

4.50 €

Preview

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICS AND RELIGION FROM THE CHRISTIAN-ORTHODOX PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Aurelian Lavric / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2015

Keywords: Security; World Politics; Religious factor; Christian Orthodoxy; Civilizations.

The terrorist organization "Islamic State" is trying to establish a state formation (not recognized by any actor of international law) which is based on religious ideology (religious fundamentalism – a radical Sunni version).This is a confirmation of the Theory of the Clash of civilizations developedby Samuel P. Huntington in 1993. Huntington predicted the increasing ofthe danger of the Islamic terrorism in the international area. The increasingof the importance of the religious factor in world politics in nowadays timeis undeniable. ”The relation Religion – Politics in Islam” is a topicaltheme. What is the Orthodox Christian approach regarding this report inthe Orthodox Christian space? Is possible the phenomenon of theocraticregimes in Orthodox space? The New Testament, the historical research onthe Byzantine Empire (which adopted Christianity as the state religion)shows that from a Christian perspective there is a clear distinction betweenPolitics and Religion. Politics deals with this life goals and proximalobjectives. Religion deals with ultimate scopes. If the political and religiousplanes are confused, this can lead to the establishment of a theocraticregime which aims at pursuing and achieving political goals under thepretext of religious motivation.

More...

State identity and National identity – identity theft or a case for re-establishing theoretical cordiality?

4.50 €

Preview

State identity and National identity – identity theft or a case for re-establishing theoretical cordiality?

Author(s): Berna Ioana Bianca / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: State-Identity; National Discourse; National Identity; Constructivism; International Affairs; International Environment

The increase of similarity between the individual characteristics recognized and asserted for an actor is utilized under the character claim of identity. In International Relations, this has been the communication dependent of the Constructivist research program.The foundation of the theoretical content of identity has mostly been developed, in Constructivist thought, by the linkage to state-identity. In these attempts, the evidence of national identities has been lapsing or totally made an absentee of. Can the national level test experimental discovery for the clear outline of the concept of state-identity in International Relations? Our answer, given and refracted throughout this article, is a positive one. While in the first section of this article, we try to fork out why all connections to identity have been referring to state-identity, in the second section of the paper, we will try to urge reasons of new disquisitions on national identities and their weigh of deliberation for new concept-extractions for state-identity, departing from the theoretical framework of Alexander Wendt.

More...

ADMINISTRATIVE – TERRITORIAL DECENTRALIZATION. COMPARATIVE PRESENTATION OF ROMANIA - FRANCE – REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Author(s): Irina Adriana Bilouseac / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: administrative-territorial decentralization; administration; local government; local community

In this article we intend to study how the principle of administrative-territorial decentralization is applied in a comparative presentation of Romania - France - Moldova. This principle of organization and functioning of local government activity is the basis for the organization of its activity, underlying directly on the efficiency of the administrative apparatus of the administrative - territorial units.We can say that regardless of the specific form in which we find applied this principle in the administration of various countries, the administrative - territorial decentralization is a reality of the present and future society, with important implications administratively, economically and socially.

More...

DECENTRALIZED PUBLIC SERVICE OF THE LOCAL POLICE

Author(s): Irina Adriana Bilouseac / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Local Police service; public order and citizen safety; administrative-territorial decentralization; local community;

Starting from the main purpose of functioning and organization of public administration, namely satisfying the general interests of the community by offering public services, this paper aims to analyse the Local Police service, as the service having an important impact in the social life of the community. Benefits ranging from public order and citizen safety are currently provided, locally, by Local Police, administrative structure decentralized, established by local councils, developing its activity under the authority of the mayor, in order to implement the tasks of maintaining order and safety, strictly oriented to the local community.

More...

THE OPPORTUNITY OF A EUROPEAN ADMINISTRATIVE CONTRACT LAW

Author(s): Liana-Teodora Pascariu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: the contract law; common rules; administrative contract law.

There was a tendency in the past few years, particularly in Europe, to harmonize and conceptualize in a common way the rules referring to the coming out, alteration, execution or termination of contracts, which could ultimately lead to the emergence of a new branch of European Union law, the contract law. This vision has gone from finding a number of three parameters , considered essential that determined the current evolution relating to contracts:• socio-economic development of society and its legal framework;• globalization, internationalization of judicial obligational relations;• structural change of regulating the juridical obligational contractual bindings.The issue here is to determine whether these European interests have any implication on the matter of administrative contracts, on the possibility of a European administrative contract law and whether specialists have only addressed the field of civil contracts.

More...

SOME IDEAS FOR A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE CONTRACTS

Author(s): Liana-Teodora Pascariu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: public administration; administrative contract law; public contracts; comparative perspective.

The article represents a scientific approach concerned with the analysis of legal institutions present in the dynamics of contemporary public administration, equally dominated by certainties and inaccuracies. To understand the relevance of the administrative contracts, I have chosen a brief presentation of the evolution of administrative contracts theory in order to shape the legal phenomena represented by the administrative contract.

More...

MARKS REGARDING LOCAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF ITS MANAGEMENT

Author(s): Petronela Scutariu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: local public administration; management; material-functional sense; formal-structural sense; local community; local public affairs.

Intrinsic ring of administrative system, the local public administration uses managerial actions and practices in local public affairs governance to respond to the needs of local community members. To accomplish its mission, the local public administration needs a managerial component. To reflect the management role for the organization and the functioning of local government and especially for the achievement of its purpose, this article intends to examine the contents of local public administration and its management. The conducted study reveals the need for management in the local administration process which legitimizes it and gives it substance. This need is justified by the fact that the management in local public administration brings together all the managerial actions, practices and procedures carried out at the level of local government, through which the laws are executed and the local public services are provided, in order to meet the local community needs at the highest possible grade.

More...