CEEOL - Search Result

Teaching the national language in Slavic Europe. Project of poetics of immunization

DYDAKTYKI JĘZYKA NARODOWEGO W SŁOWIAŃSKIEJ EUROPIE. PROJEKT POETYKI IMMUNIZACJI

Author(s): Marek Pieniążek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: education; language; politics; reality; immunization; experience

The author analyzes the basis of Polish educational policy in the context of postmodern culture. Indicates the dependence of educational policy from decisions of economists. Argues that in the era of globalization the educational impact of the national languages should be protected. Aggressive dominance of English in the cultural space requires reform of teaching of national languages. The author therefore proposes own project of comparative research on education in national languages in Central Europe. The main thesis of the paper talks about the need for a immunization of national educational discourses. One of the useful here methodology, the liberating power of indigenous languages can be poetically recognized affordances (J.J. Gibson). Finally, the author invites interested parties to create an international research consortium.

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“This is not our literature”. Censorship of Czech fiction under normalization

„TO NIE NASZA LITERATURA“. CENZURA CZESKIEJ BELETRYSTYKI W CZASACH NORMALIZACJI

Author(s): Petr Šámal / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: literary censorship; Czechoslovakia; normalization; sexuality; comics; anti-utopia; experimental literature

This study focuses on literary censorship in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s and 1980s, observing the types of literature that were suppressed or marginalized under normalization. In methodological terms it is based on the theory of literary communication, some new censorship ideas and their critical revision by the German English scholar Beate Müller. The introductory section presents a characterization of the Soviet-style censorship system, which the author describes as a “dispersed” censorship system, i.e. a multi-level supervision and regulation system, with approval at the state, government and corporate levels, while the supreme ideological and arbitration authority rested permanently with the Communist Party Central Committee, the management and planning centred around the Ministry in charge and the third mainstay of supervision over books was the approvals procedure at individual publishers' based on “readership procedures”. Only between 1953 amd 1968 was there also a bureau specializing in preliminary censorship (the Central Press Supervision Authority); however, its functions were basically just regulatory, as it primarily acted as a check against potential breakdowns in other components of the dispersed censorship system. The second part of the paper presents the main types of literature that were suppressed by censorship. It points out the particular prudishness of normalization censorship, the suppression of vulgarisms, expressivity and sexuality. Another marginalized area was that of literary experimentation, comics and the anti-utopia genre.

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The life and work of Karel Čapek in disputes over the post-1948 literary canon

KAREL ČAPEK I JEGO TWÓRCZOŚĆ W SPORACH O CZESKI KANON LITERACKI PO ROKU 1948

Author(s): Veronika Jáchimová / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: canon; discourse; Karel Čapek; literary museum; censorship

Based on the example of two literary museums, the present study attempts to depict the dispute over the canonization of Karel Čapek in Czech literature after 1948. The first part of the paper focuses on the dispute itself, summarizing the two primary discourses of the period, which affected the form of the exhibition displays on Karel Čapek. The following two parts focus on the promotion of the canon in practice. The dispute under review is first reconstructed on the basis of archive documents and then interpreted as a confrontation between the central institution (PNP – the Museum of Czech Literature, directly under the Ministry of Culture) and the local institutions (the Karel Čapek Museum in Malé Svatoňovice established by the Čapek Brothers Society, which was based on First Republic humanitarian ideals).

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Reception of Josef Škvorecký’s Literary Output from Igor Hájek’s Viewpoint

RECEPCE DÍLA JOSEFA ŠKVORECKÉHO Z POHLEDU IGORA HÁJKA

Author(s): Karolina Slamová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Igor Hájek; Josef Škvorecký; exile; autobiographical characteristics; reception; translation

The paper deals with observations from reviews of Skvorecky's works, published in exile by Czech literary critic Igor Hájek, and compares Hájek's view with reflections of other scholars working abroad. It is concerned with sources of inspiration, creation of autobiographical characteristics, issues of censorship and authorial style changes during the transition from the home environment into exile in the novel Mirákl.

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Creation of an ethnic auto- or hetero-image in the 60s of the 19th century based on a short story by Zofie Podlipska "Czechs and Germans"

UTVÁŘENÍ ETNICKÉHO AUTO A HETEROOBRAZU V 60. LETECH 19. STOLETÍ (NA PŘÍKLADU POVÍDKY SOFIE PODLIPSKÉ ČEŠKA A NĚMEC)

Author(s): Jana Vrajová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Sofie Podlipská; mental images; stereotype; the Czech Literature of the 19th Century; Jan Nepomuk Štěpánek

The study shows on the specific material Czech literature of the 19th century (the short story Češka a Němec by Sofie Podlipská) how the current transformation of literary-historical methodology allows to examine the issue of creation of national stereotypes. The study shows how the author used the existence of historical stereotypes and use them as the text strategy. A deeper understanding of the literary-historical category, literary movement, its detailed analysis, our knowledge in the context of cultural and historical context may help to understand why what was previously alien, is now considered to be ours.

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On the Development of the Views of Latin-Written Bohemian Humanistic Literature in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Century

K PROMĚNÁM POHLEDU NA LATINSKOU BOHEMIKÁLNÍ LITERATURU OBDOBÍ HUMANISMU V 19. A 20. STOLETÍ

Author(s): Jana Kolářová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Latin-written Bohemian humanistic literature; literary history of the 19th century; marxist literary history

The paper gives an outline of the most important views of Bohemian Latin-written humanistic literature, held by the Czech literary history from the late nineteenth century up to the present. By referring to the works of Jaroslav Vlček, Jan Jakubec, Arne Novák, Josef Hrabák or Zdeňka Tichá, the author wants to demonstrate the recently much discussed fact that the critical views of the Czech-written humanistic literature has been, for many years, heavily influenced by stereotypes. These mainly concern the highlighting of the key role of Viktorin Kornel of Všehrdy as the founder of the Czech branch of Bohemian humanistic literature and a pioneer of national efforts – an image based on his foreword to his translation of John Chrysostom’s „The Restitution of a Sinner” („De reparatione lapsi hominis”), which has been considered as „a manifesto of national humanism”. This has largely determined the concept of Bohemian Latin-written humanism, petrified by literary historians, as a second-class literature, which was largely self-included, not understandable to broader audiences, and not serving national interests. In a recent issue of „Česká literatura” magazine, this concept of Latin literature was criticised by the Bohemicist Fernández Couceiro, who stressed a need to reconsider some of the established “myths” about national humanism. The present study supports Couceiro’s claims, demonstrating how deep-rooted these stereotypical views have been in Czech literary history. The author focuses on the appreciation of Latin-written literature, against which, according to the quoted literary-historical studies, national humanism stood in opposition.

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Slavic identity in a multicultural environment in the region of Bukovina

SLOVANSKÁ IDENTITA V MULTIKULTURNÍM PROSTŘEDÍ REGIONU BUKOVINY

Author(s): Radek Malý / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Bukovina; Paul Celan; Eastern Europe; Ukraine; Jewish literature; multiculturalism; literature in exile; the Holocaust;

The study tries to describe the specifies of cultural topos of Bukovina, which is currently divided between Romania and Ukraine, and its capital Chernivtsi. Historically, as a cultural and architectural center, Chernivtsi was even dubbed "Little Vienna," "Jerusalem upon the Prut", or the "European Alexandria“. In Chernivtsi lived Ukrainians, Romanians, Poles, Ruthenians, Jews, Roms and Germans. Their Culture and Prosperity, experienced the town during its affiliation to the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy as the capital of the crown land Bukovina.

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Romanian literature in Vojvodina - part of the cultural Heritage of the Region

RUMUNSKA KNJIŽEVNOST U VOJVODINI – DEO KULTURNE BAŠTINE ZAVIČAJA

Author(s): Marinel Negru,Brinduša Žujka / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: literature in Romanian; development; recognition and specificity

Literature in the Romanian language in Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, is a significant part of the cultural life of Romanians in Serbia, because it expresses the existence of spiritual identity, conservation efforts and fostering the mother tongue and culture, as well as an eloquent way to highlight the artistic value created in a specific socio and cultural, historical and educational context. At the same time, it can be considered as a kind of bridge between the Romanian and Serbian culture and the cultures of other nationalities in this region. Included in the cultural scenario where space is created, Romanian literature was building, especially in the second half of the last century, its specific architecture, which was created on the foundation of the spiritual heritage of bilingualism, as well as the impact of Romanian, Serbian and European literary space.

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A Yugoslav Dream. Mythologisation of the Poet's Southern Slavic Homeland in the "Poet Made of Lard" by Ottó Tolnai

JUGOSŁOWIAŃSKIE MARZENIE. MITOLOGIZACJA POŁUDNIOWOSŁOWIAŃSKIEJ OJCZYZNY WĘGIERSKIEGO ARTYSTY W POECIE ZE SMALCU OTTÓ TOLNAIEGO

Author(s): Agata Kocot / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Autobiography; nostalgy; yugonostalgy; the literature of the Hungarian Vojvodina; mythologisation of the past; national minorities in Yugoslavia

The article is an attempt to problematize the concept of Yugoslavia as it appears in an extended interview conducted by Lajos Parti Nagy with Ottó Tolnai, a Hungarian artist who lives in Vojvodina. The interview was published under a title “A Poet Made of Lard” (“Költő disznózsírból. Egy rádióinterjú regénye”). The book can be interpreted in numerous ways and it’s digressive narrative structure, mixing of genres and methods of composition seem to allow for that. It must be emphasized, however, that one of the topics always present in Tolnai’s narrative, which connects all the motives, is the subject of Yugoslavia and various entanglements in it— biographic, artistic and political

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Pekić’s Impossible Country

PEKIĆEVA NEMOGUĆA ZEMLJA

Author(s): Persida Lazarević di Giacomo / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Borislav Pekić; self-other relationship

This paper deals with the self-other relationship throughout the life and work of Borislav Pekić (1930-1992). It is an indisputable fact that when Pekić emigrated to England he created the conditions to write and cultivate his “scribomania”, and that during his stay in London from 1971-1992 he actually published most of his works. In this period, however, the self-other relationship in Pekić appears to be in conflict since even though the author was living in a foreign country he chose to write in his own native language. Writing in his mother tongue from a foreign prospective, the Yugoslav writer was able to create a unique work but this choice also placed obstacles between Pekić’s work and a potential lingua franca readership, primarly the English. Paradoxically although the content of his work speaks to a world readership, his choice to wirte in his own language hindered his communication with that ideal readership.

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The nihilism of a rootless being – between a foreign land and homeland: the position of unbelonging in The novel about London by Milos Crnjanski

НИХИЛИЗАМ ОБЕСКОРЕЊЕНОГ БИЋА – ИЗМЕЂУ ТУЂИНЕ И ЗАВИЧАЈА: ПОЗИЦИЈА НЕПРИПАДАЊА У РОМАНУ О ЛОНДОНУ МИЛОША ЦРЊАНСКОГ

Author(s): Sladjana Jaćimović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: exile’s destiny; position of unbelonging; complete stranger; narrative tension; impossibility of assimilation; metamorphosis; erosion of identity; megalopolis

This paper analyses multiple positions of unbelonging of the main character of The Novel about London by Milos Crnjanski and the narrative tension which is achieved through it. Attention is drawn to different actions which bring about the impossibility of Riepnin’s assimilation, and to the process of erosion of his identity. Special attention is paid to the motif of metamorphosis, and the status of a megalopolis which acquires the characteristics of a novelistic hero.

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Cancellation Of Identity In Megalopolis (Slobodan Vladusic`s We, The Deleted Ones, 2013)

ПОНИШТАВАЊЕ ИДЕНТИТЕТА У НЕОКОЛОНИЈАЛНОМ СВЕТУ (СЛОБОДАН ВЛАДУШИЋ, МИ, ИЗБРИСАНИ, 2013)

Author(s): Zorana Opačić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: neocolonial discourse;, periphery/margin; the national discourse; cyber novel; virtual; dystopian reality; loss of identity – deletion; urban discourse; the identity of the consumer

In this paper we deal with the changes in the relation of the self and alterity in a society which is seen as neocolonial. In this society new center of power (the author defines it as Megalopolis) is formed around the urban discourse. The individual is encouraged to accept a new, supranational, cosmopolitan identity and suppress its national and cultural identity. This individual is reduced to the identity of consumer who imposed a media shaped the aesthetic, ethical, and social patterns. The subject becomes dehumanized, and transforms into an object, a commodity. In his novel We, deleted ones (claimed as the forst cyber-novel in Serbian literature) Slobodan Vladušić highlights many challenges in the post-October Serbian society. In a world shaped by media, the author plays with the novelistic form, directing readers to seek allowances referred to his internet site. The heroes of the novel live between cyber games, Facebook and the reality in which they lost their ethics, their identity, and are trying to close their eyes to the crimes of which they are not related. Author shows that only by remembering who we are we can defend ourselves from becoming the deleted ones.

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Models of a strangeness/an otherness in the autobiographical prose of Bora Ćosić

MODELE OBCOŚCI/INNOŚCI W PROZIE AUTOBIOGRAFICZNEJ BORY ĆOSICIA

Author(s): Magdalena Ślawska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: autobiographical prose; familiarity; strangeness; otherness; identiy; exile; emigrant; stateless; nomad

This article describes different models of a strangeness/an otherness which are present in the autobiographical works of Bora Ćosić, one of the most famous post-Yugoslav stateless. The texts that have been analyzed were written in an exile and these are: Dnevnik apatrida, Carinska deklaracija, Novi stanar, Put na Aljasku and Consul u Beogradu, in which the writer consistently shows himself as a foreigner/a stranger, whereby these categories positively evaluate and make the foundation of the unstable, hybrid identity - national, cultural and artistic (literary) one.

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Typology of the "Other" in the Time of the Consuls by Ivo Andrić.

ТИПОЛОГИЈА ”ДРУГОГ” У ТРАВНИЧКОЈ ХРОНИЦИ ИВЕ АНДРИЋА

Author(s): Krinka Vidaković-Petrov / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Time of the Consuls; novel; typology of the «Other»

The Time of the Consuls by Ivo Andrić is based on specific sources and has the following features: reduced time-place framework, chronicle format of narration, primary function of characters rather than plot, polycentric narrative structure, the metaphor of travel/roads as a unifying factor. The varying relationship between perceptions of two worlds - one identified with «self», the other with «alien» - provides a principle for the analysis of the typology of the «Other». Four basic types have been identified: (1) two clearly distinct worlds between with a temporary contact, which emphasises the distinction between them (basic imagological type); (2) two worlds built into the definition of «self» producing a «third world» positioned between «self» and «alien»; (3) two worlds in parallel position lacking essential communication. These three types are articulated in reality and transferred into the realm of narration (fiction). The fourth type of «Other» is created in the narrative structure itself, questioning the relationship between reality and image of reality (fiction).

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Literary works of Nafija Sarajlic as an attempt of a break of traditional model of Bosnian literature

TWÓRCZOŚĆ LITERACKA NAFIJI SARAJLIĆ (1893-1970) JAKO PRÓBA NARUSZENIA TRADYCYJNEGO MODELU LITERATURY BOŚNIACKIEJ

Author(s): Anna Modelska-Kwaśniowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Bosnian literature; women’s writing; Nafija Sarajlić

The aim of this work is to present the one and only collection of short literary works by Nafija Sarajlić (1893-1970), „Topics”. Sarajlić is the first woman’s author of prose in Bosnia, texts of her are much more better than a lot of ones of her contemporaries, but unfortunately her works are really forgotten. „Topics” are important woman’s voice because of their themes and artistic values.

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Between Worlds – the Novel “Tai” by Goran Gocic

ИЗМЕЂУ СВЕТОВА – РОМАН ТАИ ГОРАНА ГОЦИЋА

Author(s): Valentina Hamović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: fluid identity; the self; liminality; female archetype; intermundi; the East; Thailand; Goran Gocić;

The paper interprets various forms of the hero’s identity, within a very complex novelistic structure covered in a web of biographical, memoiristic, essayistic and journalistic discourse, with epistolary sections and rhetorical confessional passages. Special attention is drawn to the transformation of the hero in the face of Eastern culture as well as to the phenomenon of intermundi.

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Symbiosis or assimilation? Identity problems of Slovenian emigration in Germany

SYMBIOZA CZY ASYMILACJA? PROBLEMY TOŻSAMOŚCIOWE EMIGRACJI SŁOWEŃSKIEJ W NIEMCZECH

Author(s): Anetta Buras-Marciniak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Germany; Slovenia; diaspora; integration; emigration;

The paper presents the contemporary environment of the Slovenian diaspora in Germany. The issues and dilemmas arising from the membership in both the native and German culture are analyzed. The cultural organizations and Slovenian Catholic missions, which affect the broadly understood educational and cultural activity of the Slovenian immigration in Germany, are also described

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Stranger or not? Selected aspects of formative borrowings in Russian and Polish.

OBCY CZY SWÓJ? (WYBRANE ASPEKTY SŁOWOTWÓRCZE ZAPOŻYCZEŃ NA PRZYKŁADZIE JĘZYKA ROSYJSKIEGO I POLSKIEGO)

Author(s): Tatiana Kwiatkowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Borrowing; model; internationalization; suffix; strangeness

This article assumes that formative aspects of research on borrowings are today largely placed on a borderline of studies of native and foreign language resources. Based on this assumption, the article provides examples of formative measures with the aim to picture foreign elements in the structures of words and the manners to get accustom with such structures in Polish and Russian.

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Discursive strategies of self-presentation of Poles in the UK on mojawyspa.co.uk

DYSKURSYWNE STRATEGIE AUTOPREZENTACJI POLAKÓW W WIELKIEJ BRYTANII NA PRZYKŁADZIE PORTALU MOJAWYSPA.CO.UK

Author(s): Katarzyna Molek-Kozakowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: self-presentation; identity; discursive strategies; online media; Polish-language media

This study explores the role of Polish-language media in the UK in shaping the identity of the Poles who have recently migrated to the UK. It analyses a corpus of texts (announcements, news reports and columns) published between October 2013 and April 2014 on the Polish-language website designed for the Polish community residing in the UK. It identifies the main representations of Poles by examining referential, predicational and attributional techniques used in the texts, and reconstructs the website’s discursive strategies of self-presentation

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My and foreign in the registers of fiction authors

MÉ A CIZÍ V REGISTRECH AUTORŮ PROZAICKÝCH TEXTŮ

Author(s): Jindřiška Svobodová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Base code; incorporated code; communication in fiction; foreign language features

The author focusses on the function of incorporated foreign language elements used in the structure of fiction. Fiction texts by three authors: Petra Hůlová and Jan Křesadlo are subject to detailed analysis. The analysis aims to describe the function of the incorporated language means with respect to the activation of the readers ‘attention, and to launching language games among the respective authors and the recipients of the text. Due attention is also paid to the techniques used to make the foreign language elements accessible to the reader.

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