Search results for: Teksty Drugie in All Content

“They Are Stuck in Canada up to Their Ears” – Jadwiga Jurkszus-Tomaszewska and Adam Tomaszewski

„Tkwią w Kanadzie po uszy” — Jadwiga Jurkszus‑Tomaszewska i Adam Tomaszewski

Author(s): Jan Wolski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The research analysis in the article focuses on the volume titled Toronto, Tronto, Trana, co-authored by Jadwiga Jurkszus-Tomaszewska and Adam Tomaszewski, published in Canada in 1967. This book constitutes an interesting contribution to the understanding of the multicultural dimension of Canadian mentality. This book of reportage, in which the information is accompanied by insightful commentary and explanations, is analysed in the context of the genre of reportage written in Melchior Wańkowicz’s style, i.e. somewhere in between the news coverage, opinion journalism and — above all — literature. Toronto, Tronto, Trana can be called a tourist guidebook, a specific Baedeker’s Guide, containing descriptions that are not focused on the discussion of the co-authors’ emigrational fate, on the vision of their situation in the context of exile, of being an expatriate, an émigré, but rather on making use of the opportunities offered by the journey itself as well as demonstrating strong emotional ties with the new homeland – Canada, and especially with the city of permanent residence, namely Toronto.

Leopold Tyrmand’s American Adventure with Conservatism

Amerykańska przygoda Leopolda Tyrmanda z konserwatyzmem

Author(s): Piotr Millati / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The text presents the American journalistic work of Leopold Tyrmand, published mainly in two magazines edited by him in the USA: “The Chronicles of Culture” and “The Rockford Papers.” Both were designed by Tyrmand as instruments supporting the combat against the so-called liberal culture, whose progressing expansion in the 1960s and 1970s was seen by the writer as the most serious threat to the western civilisation. A remedy for the decadence of the western world was to revive and promote the idea and values inherent in conservatism — the ideology fervently followed by Tyrmand in America. Blatant partiality and extremity of opinions expressed in the articles written by Tyrmand in that period have largely contributed to pushing this journalist work outside the mainstream of the public dispute in America.

Classical yoga and postural yoga – are they linked in any way?

Joga klasyczna a joga posturalna – czy coś je łączy?

Author(s): Natalia Stala / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: classical yoga; hathayoga; postural yoga; asana; samadhi; liberation

The famous commentator of the Yogasutras, Vyasa, compared this treatise to a medical manual which describes a disease (involvement in the wheel of birth and death i.e. the samsara), the cause of this disease (a cognitive error consisting in the failure to perceivethe actual self, the purusha), the state of one’s health (absolute freedom, kaivalya), which may be attained already during a yogin’s lifetime, and the remedy against this disease (yoganga). Therefore at the heart of yoga there lies the assumption that it is a practice which is a remedy, it has its therapeutical application. However, when we discuss yoga, we must take into consideration the notion that it is a radical therapy which causes a complete disappearance of suffering, which is equivalent to liberation from the bounds of the wheel of birth and death. The article discusses the problems associated with the reception of yoga in the West, with its deformation and departure from a radical therapy toward a therapy of the body and the mind. The author makes reference to a researcher of this problem, Mark Singleton, who performs an in-depth analysis of the process of the development of new trends in yoga. He claims that the only common element which links classical yoga with modern varieties of yoga (he refers to them as instances of “postural yoga”) is the use of the term “yoga”.The great tree of yoga consists of many branches. One of such branches is hathayoga, which developed by assuming the form of modern postural yoga. It refers to Patanjali’s teachings, but if we examine it closer, it turns out that it constitutes a system which departed considerably from the teachings of its supposed originator. Patanjali emphasized primarily meditation; the most important practice was constituted by sanyama i.e. the three last parts of yoga: dharana, dhyana and samadhi. The modern trends in postural yoga emphasise above all asana, thus making yoga a particular form of gymnastics. The emergence of postural yoga is associated with the influence of tantric hathayoga which revived in the 19th century, and with the gymnastics and body building practices which were fashionable in the West and in India at that time. However, postural yoga is not an esoteric practice which requires initiation. Moreover, the relation with the teacher is irrelevant.

On the Revisions of the Traditionally Understood Fictionality in the Polish Prose of the Late 20th Century (on the Example of Grzegorz Strumyk’s Kino‑Lino)

O przemianach tradycyjnej fabularności w prozie polskiej schyłku XX wieku (na przykładzie Kino‑lino Grzegorza Strumyka)

Author(s): Anna Tryksza / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this paper is to take a closer yet temporally distant look into the issues connected with the complexity of literary communication in the Polish prose of the 90s. It covers techniques, methods, and means which aim at constructing the relations between an addresser and an addressee with regard to changing historical conditions. The paper poses as its subject matter Polish prose of the 90s, that is – works by Marek Bieńczyk, Zbigniew Kruszyński, Jerzy Pilch, Zyta Rudzka, and, especially, Grzegorz Strumyk. Moreover, it focuses on the revisions of the traditionally understood fictionality, which has always been a cornerstone of the contract with an addressee and a guarantee of readerly success. The key question raised in this paper thus becomes “What instead of a plot?,” or, in other words, “Which fictionality?” The paper therefore deals with the issues rooted in poetics and literary theory in the context of the particular literary notions concerning fiction. Furthermore, the reflections on mimesis in relation to the contemporary methods of creating a plot are presented.

Masakrowanie as a speech genre

Masakrowanie jako gatunek mowy

Author(s): Rafał Nocuń / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The article features a postulate which was put forward in order to recognize the eponymous phenomenon as an autonomous genological entity which exists. A contribution to the considerations of the author is constituted by the numerous texts which appear, especially on the Internet social media website YouTube, which manifests many common features and whose authors seem to exhibit considerable discipline in the respecting of the convention which functions in the network. The bulk of the article constitutes an analysis of the postulated genre as far as four basic aspects are concerned: the structural, cognitive, pragmatic and stylistic aspects.

Nemesis and the grave of Pompey

Nemezis z grobowca Pompeiusa

Author(s): Paweł Madejski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

In 41 AD Claudius started to produce a brand new series of coins with an unprecedented iconography: Nemesis with a legend PACI AVGVSTAE. The coins were minted until 52 AD. Modern historians offer a very sophisticated explanation of the Claudius’ reasons to exploit this iconography. First, it was supposed to be base on the Roman understanding of pax: war was an instrument of punishing the superbi, so pax as a result of it could be linked to Nemesis. It is trueNemesis and Pax were juxtaposed and connected. Second part of the explanation presupposes that Claudius used the figure of Nemesis from the Pompey’s tomb as a model. This Nemesis commemorated the punished ὕβρις of Pompey. The outlined explanation was elaborated by Michail Rostovtzeff (who based his interpretation on the earlier comments by Joseph Eckhel).Eckhel-Rostovtzeff hypothesis is, however, based on very weak foundations. Claudius usedNemesis to express the meaning of the Roman concept of pax. The reason for this was quite simple: he came to power after the assassination of Caligula, in the time when the Romans observed a feast of Pax. Moreover, there are no suggestions in the preserved testimonies that Caesar wanted to denigrate the memory of his main opponent. Caesar ordered to bury the remains of Pompey and dedicated to Nemesis the plot of landfor this purpose. He did so because he aspired to be seen as a decent Roman who punished the death of his fellow citizen (and a friend, colleague, son-in-law). Probably Caesar also allowed Cornelia to transfer the ashes from the Alexandrian Nemeseion to Alba, but besides Plutarch no other source confirms that such an act in fact ever took place.

Nomadic subject in Wiesław Myśliwski’s prose. An attempt at marking anthropological place. An introduction

Podmiot nomadyczny w prozie Wiesława Myśliwskiego. Próba oznaczenia miejsca antropologicznego. Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Wiesław Setlak / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

On the Verge of Sleep, Reality and Death. Inspirations coming from Edgar Allan Poe in the Works by Bolesław Leśmian

Na granicy snu, jawy i śmierci. Inspiracje Edgarem Allanem Poem w twórczości Bolesława Leśmiana

Author(s): Joanna Iżykowska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

In the text „On the Verge of Sleep, Reality and Death. Inspirations coming from Edgar Allan Poe in the Works by Bolesław Leśmian”, I have been making an attempt to analyze the threads that seem likely to have been derived by Bolesław Leśmian from one of the most famous Dark Romantic writers — Edgar Allan Poe. In the course of a detailed analysis, numerous motifs characteristic of the works by Poe have been referred to, and subsequently selected texts by Bolesław Leśmian, wherein one can find similar elements have been discussed. The aforementioned topics include, among others, the motif of a suffering woman, crime, the aesthetization of death or the oniric presentation of the moment of the end of life. Besides, the text does not just focus on providing examples of similarities between the two authors. It is also an attempt to illustrate the very individual approach of Leśmian to the borrowed motives and creative utilizing them.

Historical genre studies – the state of affairs, perspectives and contexts

Genologia historyczna – stan, perspektywy, konteksty

Author(s): Maria Wojtak / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: history of language; stylistics; genre studies; historical genre studies; genre of speech

The article presents historical genre studies as one of the sub-disciplines practiced within philology, and rooted theoretically in general genre studies, as it takes over from this source the conceptual apparatus and the agreed and/or disputable theoretical problems and the methods of their solving accessible at a given time. Being a part of genre studies, it draws inspiration from a few disciplines that have already been annexed by this discipline, i.e. from textual studies, stylistics or discourse analysis, yet extending the scope of connections with history of the language. The primary object of research of the genre studies mainstream under discussion is genres of speech analyzed from the historical perspective. Detailed issues may appear in different aspects. Researchers of historical phenomena focus especially on the following problems: 1) origin (in this case, origin of genres), 2) processes of crystallization of their patterns, 3) temporally embedded metamorphoses, 4) circumstances (including causes) of changes (especially the cultural context), 5) (evolutionary or sudden) nature of transformations. Epistemic paths may be arranged in diverse configurations. A pretty expressive issue comprises history of a particular genre of speech or a set of genres related to history of a given cultural (discursive) community.

The state of research on the political communication in Poland until 1795

Stan badań nad prawnoustrojową i retoryczną odmianą komunikacji politycznej w I Rzeczpospolitej

Author(s): Małgorzata Dawidziak-Kładoczna / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: political communication; state of research; the Republic of Poland until 1795; rhetorical dialect; legal notion dialect

The aim of this article is to identify the literature on political communication in Poland by the year 1795. The result of research on the legal notion variety of political communication are devoted to the development of lexis codes and statutes, the semantics of selected terms of political and constitutions and statutes. Linguists study the history and origins of the rhetorical style, the language of individual orators and the effectiveness of speech or politeness language.

The research and methodological challenges of historical linguistics. Reflections expressed after a discussion

Wyzwania badawcze i metodologiczne lingwistyki historycznej. Refleksje po dyskusji

Author(s): Krystyna Kleszczowa,Tomasz Mika / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

“How much is it necessary to gamble for Poland to be Poland”, or about creating a community of discourse in Wojciech Młynarski’s texts)

„Ile to trzeba się nagazdować, by Polska była Polską”, czyli o tworzeniu wspólnoty dyskursu w tekstach Wojciecha Młynarskiego

Author(s): Edyta Pałuszyńska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Introduction. Cultural Research in/of the Kitchen Tracks and Meanings

Wprowadzenie. Kulturowe badania (w) kuchni. Tropy i znaczenia

Author(s): Aleksandra Krupa-Ławrynowicz,Katarzyna Orszulak-Dudkowska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: kitchen; cultural meanings of space; culinary practices

The authors present the idea of a publication entitled In the Kitchen. Cultural Sketches about Space. They assume that the kitchen is a room associated with many cultural and social meanings. It is primarily an inalienable part of the home, private, inhabited space that can be variously designated, organized and experienced. The kitchen usually performs activities and processes related to meal planning, storage and processing of products as well as preparation and consumption of food. There are various practices inherent in the cultural reflection on lifestyles, corporality and gender, which are an emanation of social change and an attempt to (re)define tradition and identity. The space of the kitchen is a subject to fashions, trends and ideologies, aesthetic and economic rules. The authors, along with other researchers in this publication, do not present a consistent history of changes that affect the kitchen. They try to show a space full of meanings on selected examples, reaching to different cultural and social contexts.

Crime novel as a hybrid genre. Alexandra Marinina in Polish translations

Powieść kryminalna jako gatunek „zmącony”. Aleksandra Marinina w polskich przekładach

Author(s): Jolanta Lubocha-Kruglik / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Crime novels by Alexandra Marinina do not fulfil requirements of the pure genre. They may be treated rather as ‘a great narration of society’ and about what is happening ‘here and now’. In her novels there is no blood, description of violence, false trails or sensational chases. In order to compensate her readers for this, the author introduces into her books psychological and dramatic threads. Marinina knows criminal circles very well and she knows their way of thinking. Besides, she has skills enabling her to describe this in a masterly manner. However, these features of her novels are not always reflected in Polish translations of her novels.

The memory of the Holocaust in postmodern fables — XY by Joanna Rudniańska

Pamięć o Zagładzie w postmodernistycznej baśni — XY Joanny Rudniańskiej

Author(s): Iwona Kmiecik / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: postmodern fable; intertextuality; children’s literature;Shoah;

The genre of the fable has been subjected to post-modern influences and has undergone numerous transformations. In a similar manner, the memory of the Holocaust has also been affected by the post-modern fabulousness — Shoah has become a new cultural topos. This fable finds its reflection in such literary works as the novels by Joanna Rudniańska (XY, Kotka Brygidy) and Marcin Szczygielski (Arka Czasu). The present article focuses on the play with the convention of a fable in works treating about the Holocaust for young readers published after the year 2000. The author discusses intertextuality, the representation of the extermination of the Jews and the mythologizing of the world in the novel XY by Joanna Rudniańska. The post-modern fable evades genological frameworks and goes beyond the traditional understanding of the genre. Thus, the story told by Rudniańska becomes an attempt at representing the Holocaust in a way which would be suitable (non-traumatizing) for a young reader.

Feminist sociology of law

Feministyczna socjologia prawa

Author(s): Jan Winczorek / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: sociology of law; law in social life; legal sociology authors; world sociological and legal writings

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Experimental method

Metoda eksperymentalna

Author(s): Andrzej Kojder / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: sociology of law; law in social life; legal sociology authors; world sociological and legal writings

The first world encyclopaedic guidebook to the most important problems of the sociology of law. It contains nearly one hundred and fifty entries written by eminent Polish and foreign scholars. It is an excellent source of knowledge of the role and importance of law in social life. It sketches portraits of the most distinguished authors of legal sociology and presents their scientific achievements. It also discusses law subcultures, punitive justice, anthropology and atrophy of law, the destruction of norms, the iuridisation of social life, law nihilism, praxeology and feminist sociology of law.

Summary of the comparative analysis of social segregation in Warsaw, Berlin and Paris

Podsumowanie analizy porównawczej segregacji społecznej w Warszawie, Berlinie i Paryżu

Author(s): Anna Grzegorczyk,Barbara Jaczewska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: enclaves of poverty; gentrification; revitalization; Warsaw; Berlin; Paris; social segregation; housing policy

Presentation of the level of social, demographic and ethnic segregation in Warsaw, Berlin and Paris, together with their metropolitan areas in the context of changing housing policy. The authors discuss the hierarchization of the categories of people undergoing the process of segregation in the studied areas. The publication includes recommendations concerning housing policy.

THE 1989–2019 TRANSFORMATION: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

TRANSFORMACJA 1989–2019: SZKIC DO BILANSU

Author(s): Roman Kuźniar / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Empirical truth and transcendental truth in Kant's ontology

Prawda empiryczna i prawda transcendentalna w ontologii Kanta

Author(s): Jarosław Rolewski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Kant; ontology; truthfulness; empirical truth; transcendental truth

The chapter presents selected themes of the theory of truth that are particularly relevant to Kantian ontology and are mainly related with notions such as: empirical truth (classically defined) and transcendental truth (in terms of coherence) and the relationship between them; the metaphysical and pre-veritative unity of the knowledge-of-the-world and the “world in the transcendental sense”, which enable all forms of truth.