Доходът на България в периода на европеизация на българската икономика
Author(s): Diana Genkova / Language(s): Bulgarian
Keywords: production boundaries; national economy; gross value added; national income; European integration; EU budget; Bulgarian economy
This monography examines the monetary aspect of the economic outputs at a theoretical and empirical level. In economic theory, this aspect usually is presented by the concept of income. Here, income is analyzed from the standpoint of the macroeconomic of the modern national economy. The latter still plays a key role in regulating economic processes even in the conditions of globalization and regional economic integration. This is the main thesis of the theoretical and empirical analysis, the result of which are presented in three chapters and a conclusion. Today, the income of the national economy is measured at several stages in order to cover the new forms and characteristics of economic functioning that result from globalization and the practices of regional economic integration, in particular that within the EU. According to the methodology of the System of National Accounts (the European System of Accounts), several interconnected macroeconomic indicators are calculated, which cover the stages in question. More specifically, the stage of income generation (primary income or gross value added, measured by GDP), the stage of income redistribution on a remunerative basis among the owners of primary production factors (measured by national income, NI), and the stage of income redistribution on a gratuitous basis (measured by national disposable income, NDI). The three circles of national economy’s income distribution determine different aspects of countries’ economic potential. Chapters 1 and 2 are devoted to clarify these questions in theoretical and empirical terms. In chapter 1, the emphasis is on the content of the indicators and the methods for their calculation. To explain the processes that set the background of income generation, the problem of the measurement of economy and its delineation from non-economic processes and activities of society is under discussion too. In chapter 2, the peculiarities of income generation and redistribution of the EU countries that arise from the relatively higher stage of the integration reached by the European Union nowadays, are presented. Dependencies along this line arise through the institutionalization of the EU budget. Both – the side of the revenues and that of expenditures – exercise influence on the parameters of income of the EU’s member states, and these problems are analyzed thoroughly. In chapter 3, an empirical study on the Bulgarian economy for the period 2000 – 2020 is presented, by examining the characteristics of national income commented in previous chapters. The period under discussion is very important for Bulgaria, because this is the time of preparation of the country for the EU membership and its adhesion to the European Union. During this period, our country had to adapt its political and administrative model and the regimen of its economic functioning to the EU standards. Whether that adaptation was successful – in this monography we mainly seek to answer the question of the economic effects of the restructuring processes. In addition, the empirical analysis was inclined to demonstrate how and why, at the modern stage, GDP cannot measure all the prerequisites of the socio-economic progress of the countries (societies), with highly open national economies. In the conclusion, reference is made to the field of application of economic aggregates for analytical purposes, especially, the way in which they can be used in the decision-making process and socio-economic policy-making is discussed.
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