Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego

Cohabitation in Poland and Slovak Republic. A Sociological Study

Kohabitacja w Polsce i na Słowacji. Studium socjologiczne w środowiskach studenckich

Author(s): Katarzyna Juszczyk-Frelkiewicz / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Poland; Slovak Republic

The advancing processes of individualization, secularization and emancipation, aswell as the young peoples’ struggle for self-realization and achieving success in theirprofessional life, make cohabitative relationship a more and more common, socially acceptedand favoured way of living.The book presents opinions of students from Poland and Slovakia regarding thephenomenon of cohabitation, which arouses enormous interest all over the world. Theopinions of students, considered as a sociological category, are extremely important ifthe diagnosis and the prospect of cohabitation phenomenon are taken into account.First, they constitute a model group (a group of comparative reference) for the generationof their peers. Moreover, they are under the biggest pressure of the postmodern cultureand its individualized patterns of self-realization. In this social environment, plansfor the future concerning the choice of marital status and family life, as well as theiropinions with regard to the significance of the institution of marriage in the contemporaryworld, are also closely connected with the most recently developed ways of establishingrelations between partners and with the directions of evolution of the cohabitationphenomenon.The quantitative research has been conducted among the students of the Universityof Silesia in Katowice and Constantine The Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia,in a reasearch group of 1237 students. The author has also held interviews with studentsliving in cohabitation and with experts from Poland and Slovakia. Interviews with theprofessionals contributed to a broader understanding of the direction in which the cohabitationphenomenon has been developing and of changes observed in the family lifeof people living in these two countries. The research has been conducted by the authoras part of the Visegrad Scholarship.

Croatian. Croatian drama after 1990. Selection of texts. T. 1–2

Kroatywni. Dramat chorwacki po 1990 roku. Wybór tekstów. T. 1–2

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Croatia

Kroatywni. Dramat chorwacki po 1990 roku. Wybór tekstów powstał na podstawie antologii współczesnego dramatu chorwackiego pt. Odbrojavanje (Odliczanie),którą zestawił Leo Rafolt, a wydała w 2007 roku Zagrzebska Szkoła Slawistyczna. Leo Rafolt jest też autorem wstępu do niniejszego wyboru, wstępu, który ma na celu zaprezentowanie polskiemu czytelnikowi kondycji dramatu i teatru chorwackiego po 1990 roku. W Kroatywnych oprócz siedmiu dramatów pochodzących z Odliczania (są to dramaty Lady Kaštelan, Mate Matišicia, Asji Srnec‑Todorović, Filipa Šovagovicia, Teny Štivičić, Milko Valenta, Tomislava Zajeca) znalazły się jeszcze trzy utwory wybrane przez zespół realizujący projekt (utwory Dubravko Mihanovicia, Marijany Noli i Borivoja Radakovicia). Każdy z tych tekstów był w Chorwacji nagradzany i/lub uwzględniany w którejś z opublikowanych antologii współczesnego dramatu (z wyjątkiem Diwy Marijany Noli, której premiera odbyła się w 2011 roku). Jednocześnie żaden z nich nie został jeszcze przełożony na język polski.Idea zapoznania czytelnika polskiego z tendencjami panującymi w dramacie chorwackim od lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku stanowiła główne kryterium niniejszego wyboru. Wybór ten jest uzupełnieniem tego obrazu dramatu i teatru chorwackiego, jaki wyłania się z już przetłumaczonych i wystawionych utworów.Z jednej strony lektura prezentowanych dramatów pokazuje czytelnikowi współczesną Chorwację, zupełnie inną niż ta, z jaką się styka turysta spędzający wakacje nad przepięknym wybrzeżem Morza Adriatyckiego. Z drugiej strony nietrudno odnieść wiele sytuacji ukazanych w poszczególnych utworach do polskiej rzeczywistości i odnaleźć w niej analogiczne zjawiska. W Kroatywnych... są utwory zabawne i przerażające, podejmujące ważne, uniwersalne tematy i pokazujące problemy, z jakimi boryka się dzisiaj społeczeństwo chorwackie. [16.10.2012]

The Language-Cognition Interface in Bilinguals: An evaluation of the Conceptual Transfer Hypothesis

The Language-Cognition Interface in Bilinguals: An evaluation of the Conceptual Transfer Hypothesis

Author(s): Jolanta Latkowska / Language(s): English

Keywords: Conceptual Transfer Hypothesis

Książka skierowana jest do studentów i pracowników naukowych filologii obcych, których zainteresowania obejmują psycholingwistyczne zależności pomiędzy umysłowością a językiem w kontekście szeroko pojmowanej dwujęzyczności. Zawiera przegląd współczesnych teorii dotyczących budowy słownika umysłowego osób dwujęzycznych, relacji pomiędzy myślą a językiem oraz dyskusję najnowszych badań przeprowadzonych w ośrodkach krajowych i zagranicznych. Punktem odniesienia w analizie powyższych zagadnień jest hipoteza transferu konceptualnego autorstwa znanych amerykańskich psycholingwistów Anety Pavlenko i Scotta Jarvisa.Niewątpliwym atutem książki jest jej część badawcza przedstawiająca wyniki badań nad dwujęzycznością studentów filologii angielskiej w Polsce oraz polskich emigrantów w Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii, które przeprowadzono w latach 2008-2010. Zebrane dane są podstawą oceny zasadności założeń omawianej w pracy hipotezy. Ponadto, pozwalają na porównanie efektywności uczenia się języka drugiego (obcego) w warunkach szkolnych i naturalnych oraz obrazują jak intensywny kontakt z dwoma językami kształtuje rozumienie i użycie znaczeń semantycznych i konstrukcję narracji w obu językach.

The Limits of Romanticism. Unlimited Romance?

Granice romantyzmu. Romantyzm bez granic?

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Romanticism

Epoka romantyzmu stała się momentem przełomowym w wielu dziedzinach, takich jak literatura, sztuka czy filozofia. Przyniosła również znaczne zmiany cywilizacyjne oraz społeczne, przeobrażając dotychczasowy obraz świata i wywierając ogromny, trwający aż po dziś dzień, wpływ na kolejne epoki. Tom zbiorowy Granice romantyzmu. Romantyzm bez granic? poświęcony jest różnym aspektom szeroko pojętych granic związanych z romantyzmem, takim jak na przykład przenikanie się epoki oświecenia i romantyzmu czy łamanie przez romantyków konwencji literackich i artystycznych.Autorzy publikacji poddają wnikliwej analizie dzieła powstałe w różnych epokach, badając żywotność myśli i estetyki charakterystycznych dla romantyzmu. Wachlarz tematów podejmowanych w poszczególnych artykułach jest na tyle szeroki, że z pewnością wzbudzi zainteresowanie nie tylko osób zajmujących się stricte literaturoznawstwem, ale także przedstawicieli innych dyscyplin humanistycznych.

Paraphernalia. About Objects and Dreams

Parafernalia. O rzeczach i marzeniach

Author(s): Aleksander Nawarecki / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: paraphernalia; objects; dreams

The book is a collection of studies conducted systematically for thirty years. Allof them are devoted to the research on the literary representation of objects and thehistorical variability in the way they were depicted. The author regards the historyof European art as the process of gradual “emancipation” of the object. He is particularlyinterested in its literary autonomization — the slow release from servingauthors and ideologies, completed with the “dehumanization” of the object. Thethesis, published in the essay O rzeczach [About Objects] (1993), was confirmed in thehumanities a few years later, together with the famous “turn towards objects” (turnto materiality, turn to non-human). The analysis of the artistic output of Skamander —a literary poetic group, which already in 1920s started to discover the value of everydaylife — is the reference point to the present study. In its members’ imagination,individual “complexes” related to the environment and the matter may be observed.In Józef Wittlin’s works, it is “a spoon of soup”, saving lives amongst the attrocitiesof war, Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska uses the “aquatic” imaginings, in thepoetic pieces of Jan Lechoń, paraphernalia related to the suicidal complex performthat role, whereas in the works of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz the personal objects, whichbuild the author’s autobiography, are being employed. Julian Tuwim turned out tobe most sensitive to the civilizational transformations, discerning magical powersin the ordinary things: from the role that the musical instruments play to the statusof a murder weapon. Other writers described in the book include: Krzysztof KamilBaczyński, who showed the subtleties of everyday existence in the realities of Nazioccupation, and Ewa Graczyk — an essayist, designing an imaginative “Exhibition”of the material emblems of the People’s Republic of Poland. The book ends with thepanoramic overview of the Polish lyric poetry after 1956, in which, owing to MironBiałoszewski, Zbigniew Herbert, Wisława Szymborska and many others, the poetic“phenomenology of the object” could be created — a phenomenon unappreciatedin the history of the European literature. Here, also “paraphernalia” — the titleconcept, expressing the intimate dimension of the human-object relation — has beenelucidated.

Imperceptivity in Macedonian and Polish languages

Imperceptywność w języku macedońskim i polskim

Author(s): Magdalena Błaszak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: imperceptivity; Macedonian language; Polish language

Imperceptivity in Macedonian and Polish languages is the theme undertaken in mydissertation.“Imperceptivity” is a phenomenon manifested by communicating the speaker’s contentin such a way that the information is transmitted as a secondary one and not hisown one, but at the same time it expresses the speaker’s reservation to the veracity ofthe quoted information. In most Indo-European languages including Slavic it is expressedby lexical means, whereas Bulgarian and Macedonian is performed by the use of theappropriate forms of tenses [and possibly simultaneously supported by lexical means].Imperceptivity is highly grammaticized and described in Polish as a category of witness;Macedonian прекажаност. Among Indio-European languages this category occurs inLithuanian, Latvian and New-Armenian languages. The existence of this category amongnon Indo-European languages was also confirmed in Turkish, Mongolian, Caucasian andUrgo-Finnish.The purpose of this dissertation was the characteristic of Imperceptivity category inthe respect of semantics as well as a description of subsequent cases of grammaticalizationof this category and lexical ways of its expressing. Thanks to the realization of these goalsI wanted the nature of this category to become more accessible and make less difficultyboth in acquiring, teaching Macedonian and translation practice.Each language is organized on the basis of a system of categories which can put in orderthe language reality and the off-language world expressed in it. One of the features of languagecategory is that it can vary even within the same family as far as degree of clarityis concerned and therefore the possessed exponents. Such a situation is noticed in Macedonianlanguage which has developed the category unknown in most Slavic languages,including the Polish one. However, it does not mean to be completely absent in Polish language.The term “category of witness” and “category of Imperceptivity” described in Polishliterature indicates the receiver of the text that the speaker was not a witness of a describedevent, but he repeats the words of the original sender. This category is also used when theauthor of the text is amazed and surprised of the present situation.The dissertation consists of five parts.In first chapter I tried to present the conceptual range of semantic category of “Imperceptivity”.The second chapter was divided into three parts. I discuss consecutively the meansexpressing imperceptive significance in Macedonian and Polish languages: intonation,lexical and morphological exponents including primarily the construction of the verb “tohave” + infinitive. Its initial part contains the general characteristic of the dialect found inMacedonian. Then, I focused on the description of bitolsy and kicevsky dialects becauseof the importance they differ in terms of the category I am interested in. Chapter four includesanalysis of the imperceptive sentence structure. I described conditions needed forthe category of witness it creates with other modal sub-categories. Analysis concerns bothcompared languages. In the final section you can find the conclusions resulting from thecomparison. Chapter five presents the way of showing the category of witness in variousstyles and genres of language occurring within journalistic style. Performing the analysisof Macedonian daily press texts I tried to show how much the difference between the directand indirect transmission is present in the Macedonians’ language consciousness.I also brought closer particular cases of the adequate application of grammar tenses sothat this category has become more accessible and comprehensible both in practical andtheoretical terms. In other words to be well interpreted by non-native speakers. In the finalpart of this chapter the way of expressing the category of witness in the process of translationMacedonian prose is presented. The ways of transferring the category “прекажаност”by translators in Polish language have been discussed as well.The contrastive Macedonian-Polish approach revealed more clearly the nature of thiscategory. Category of Imperceptivity is likely to be in more languages and in some Europeanlanguages has been examined accurately e.g. Lithuanian, Bulgarian and on somebasic level in Macedonian. It is not associated with one family, but on contrary, it occursin grammaticized form in distant languages. The image of the category on a different levelof grammaticalization in languages is used unequally consciously by the language speakers.As an example of such weaker awareness of its existence is Polish language. Confrontationwith Macedonian literary language shows clearly that this category in comparisonto Polish is much more grammaticized. In Polish it is mostly expressed by lexicalexponents or quasi-morphological structure “to have” + infinitive. This latter structure,however, cannot be classified as strong exponents of this category due to its ambiquity andmultifunctionality.In Macedonian the category of Imperceptivity is an “alive” one, noticeable in less rigorousstyles – colloquial, journalistic and artistic. It is a consistent way applied by Macedonianswith an average efficiency of language and language culture regardless of age, backgroundor education; seldom used in scientific and official styles that is associated with lessflexibility of stylistic and grammatical means. The category of witness is much more clearlyand frequently visible in Macedonian daily press. The authors of articles apart from theirgenre select efficiently forms of the verbs, it means that according to the grammatical rulesthey use the category. Imperceptivity is visible in informative articles, sport information,topics in the field of culture. With the presence of this category journalists inform theirreceivers about the circumstances they participated or not and at the same time expressingtheir attitude towards transmitted contents.This category carries a full range in prose and allows the writer to use all possibilitiesfor its transmission. In the case of translation Macedonian prose into languages whichpossess it in non-grammaticized or poorly grammaticized form. The process of translation can be a serious challange for a translator [e.g. in Polish translations]. ComparingMacedonian-Polish literary translations, a translator not always translates accurately theimperceptive meaning of the text. The difference between direct and indirect transmissionis strongly present in the Macedonians’ language consciousness. In the case of Macedonianliterary texts, translation does not differ significantly from the origin. The proper amountof verbs form verba decenti group indicating the category of witness is preserved. Thelexical means are rarely used in translation to express imperceptive concepts of the origin.Because of the lack of proper tested category in Macedonian-Polish translations, the translatorsbattled against the difficulties in selecting appropriate means of language –lexical.

Polish Family and Upbringing in the Light of the Teaching of John Paul II

Polska rodzina i wychowanie w świetle nauczania Jana Pawła II

Author(s): Anastazja Sorkowicz / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: John Paul II; family

Contemporary woman - sketches for a portrait against the background of social and cultural changes

Współczesna kobieta – szkice do portretu na tle przemian społeczno-kulturowych

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: contemporary woman; social and cultural changes

Rozpatrywanie zmian jakim ulegały i ulegają role społeczne podejmowane przez kobiety na przestrzeni czasu stanowi istotny społecznie postulat badawczy. Proponowany zbiór tekstów opatrzony tytułem Współczesna kobieta – szkice do portretu na tle przemian społeczno-kulturowych nie jest kolejnym opisem sytuacji kobiety we współczesnym świecie skupionym na jednym z wymiarów jej funkcjonowania. Zamiarem naszym jest raczej próba ukazania zmienności kobiety na tle zmienności świata i odwrotnie z szerokiej perspektywy aktualnych dziś różnych problemów społecznych. Znajdują się tu teksty odwołujące się zarówno do przeszłości, do teraźniejszości opierającej się na tym co przeszłe oraz do przyszłości, która z teraźniejszości z kolei wyrasta. Celem zaproponowania takiej formuły przedkładanej książki jest bowiem jak najszersze ukazanie złożoności sytuacji kobiety w świecie współczesnym, nierozerwalnie związanej z wczoraj i jutro. W publikacji zawarto teksty stanowiące z jednej strony rekonstrukcję dotychczasowych spojrzeń na prezentowaną problematykę, z drugiej zaś te mające charakter empiryczny, prezentujące wyniki badań własnych autorów. Wyrażamy nadzieję, iż publikacja ta dla każdego czytelnika stanowić będzie bodziec do refleksji nad sytuacją współczesnej kobiety oraz zachęci do podejmowania kolejnych badań w tym niewyczerpanym temacie.

An outline of generalization grammar on the basis of aphorisms (a Polish-Russian perspective)

Zarys gramatyki uogólnień na materiale aforyzmów (ujęcie polsko-rosyjskie)

Author(s): Agnieszka Gasz / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: generalization grammar; aphorisms

The study presents the research findings concerning linguistic mechanisms of generalizationon the basis of aphorism texts. The aim of the linguistic analysis was tocatalogue Polish and Russian determinants of generalization, as well as to bring thegeneralization strategies typical of an aphoristic style closer. The aphoristic materialbeing analysed allowed for constructing a kind of “generalization grammar”. The workconsists of four chapters devoted to particular aspects of sentences having a generalizationstatus. Chapter one concerns the issue of generalizing a subject. Chapter twoand three bring the qualitative and quantitative features of generalization closer. Inchapter four generalizations in a verbal group were characterized. As a result of theattempt made to holistically describe the material and mechanisms of generalization inrelation to the genre analysed a rich source of Polish and Russian generity carriers thatpartially prove the hypothesis that generalization is a textual category of aphorism wasdifferentiated.

Contemporary Challenges towards Management III

Contemporary Challenges towards Management III

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Keywords: Management

Monografia Contemporary Challenges towards Management III jest zbiorem interesujących prac naukowych poświęconych współczesnemu zarządzaniu widzianemu w różnych aspektach, przy istniejącym turbulentnym otoczeniu – pogłębionym przez obecny kryzys gospodarczy. Zachodzące w tych warunkach w sposób ciągły zmiany, stanowią coraz to nowe wyzwania dla procesów zarządzania – zarówno w skali gospodarki narodowej, jak i każdej organizacji. Szczególnym atutem monografii jest podjęcie przez autorów prac szerokiej, wieloaspektowej dyskusji na temat różnych problemów współczesnego świata biznesu. Wiodące miejsce w rozważaniach zajęły problemy wielokulturowości, kapitału intelektualnego oraz nowych koncepcji zarządzania, zaprezentowane przez międzynarodowe grono autorów – przedstawicieli zarówno teorii, jak i praktyki zarządzania.

Global discourse information structure

Les structures informationnelles globales du discours

Author(s): Ewa Miczka / Language(s): French

Keywords: information structure

The main aim of this book is to describe the way in which information is organizedabove the sentence structure level in discourse. The in-depth analysis focuseson two parts: thematic and rhematic structures of discourse as well as relationsbetween global units of information structures described as thematic segments.The book is divided into five chapters. Chapter One aims to examine threebasic items in the field of research i.e. text, discourse and discourse representation.In this chapter, an account of the evolution of the concept of text is provided; fromfirst attempts of distributional analysis of syntactic sequences by Zellig S. Harris,via the models within the framework of textual grammars, the concepts framed byresearchers of functional linguistics as well as systemic linguistics, with referenceto the ideas proposed by cognitive linguistics. Furthermore, the chapter discussesthe coherence of text, polysemy of the term discourse and the remainder of thechapter presents the meaning of discourse representation. In terms of discourserepresentation, it should be noted that it is defined as a kind of cognitive representationconsisting of six domains, such as information, functional, ontological,expressive, axiological domains and a domain of genre conventions.As the main aim of this book is to describe global discourse informationstructure. Chapter Two focuses on information domain which is the first distinctivepart of discourse representation. After discussing the evolution of Theme inmodern linguistics, a model of the hierarchical thematic-rhematic structure isconstructed. In the thematic part of discourse information structure, three levelsare distinguished: a global level depicted by hypertheme, an indirect level on whichthere are partial themes and generalizing themes, and a basic level perceived asthemes of sentences. The rhematic part consists of two levels; there is an indirectlevel on which there are rhematic sets and a basic level comprising rhemes of sentences.This chapter looks at three basic models of information structures whichare not delimited to the sentence framework: a model with one partial theme, alinear model and a model based on two alternating partial themes in discourse. Itis worth noting that a discussion on a relation between these basic models and anotion of prototypes is conducted.The subsequent three chapters provide a thorough analysis of various aspectsof global discourse information structure. Chapter Three gives a full description ofthematic units configurations above the sentence structure, such as hypertheme, partialtheme and generalizing themes. Moreover, the models of global discourse informationstructures are discussed respectively. It should be noted that apart from theabovementioned basic models, models with partial themes that are used repeatedlyin discourse and a presentation of models expanded by hypertheme and generalizingtheme, the function of which is based on information synthesis included intwo (or more) partial themes are distinguished in the following discussion.Chapter Four analyses rhematic structures which are not delimited to thesentence framework. On conducting a discussion of the corpus, it is possible topresent rhematic structures:–– structures comprising merely common rhemes – depending directly on a givenpartial theme;–– structures that are marked with common rhemes and joint rhemes; the latter areconnected with hypertheme or generalizing theme;–– structures in which borrowed rhemes emerge next to common rhemes; comingfrom rhematic sets dependent on various partial themes;–– rhematic structures perceived as the most complex, joining together three categoriesof rhemes: common, joint and borrowed ones.Chapter Five refers to a relation between thematic segments. A thematic segmentis an item of the global discourse information structure comprising partialtheme and a set of rhemes (common, joint and borrowed) that are subordinate tothis abovementioned theme. In particular, this chapter gives a typology of thematic-rhematic relations as well as merely rhematic ones, which enables to transferinformation between various thematic segments in discourse.The model of analysis, implemented in the book, includes three stages, eachof which focuses on a different aspect of information discourse structure, givingthe possibility to outline the thematic and rhematic structures that are above thesentence structure. What is more, in the light of the model, it is possible to answera set of questions referring to the way the connections between the units of globaldiscourse information structure are organised.

Urbanism and spirit of innovation

Miejskość i duch innowacyjności

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: urbanism

The book contains articles analyzing contemporary social, cultural and politicalphenomena associated with the city and widely understood innovation. The conceptof innovation is presented in the book in number of contexts: civil engagement,urban public spaces, establishing creative industries, promotional campaigns,technology transfer process as well as the new form of commemoratingclose persons by virtual cemeteries. Such a broad spectrum is the result of the researchinterests of the authors, derived from Department of Sociology of Developmentat the Sociology Institute of University of Silesia. Regardless of the wide perspectiveon issues of urban approach and innovation which the book contains,three themes appearing in texts can be recognized.Firstly, contemporary cities are natural living space, space for residence andwork for growing percentage of world population. Although, in case of Poland, rateof urbanization in the past years falls slightly, but it is caused by intensification ofsuburbanization processes connected with residents moving out of large cities tothe area of nearby towns or villages. For many of these people the city is still animportant point of reference, workplace, place for realization of hobby and participationin cultural events. Both for them and for the majority who lives in the city,urban lifestyle and the possibility to realize their own plans in the city, count moreand more. In this context, the quality of public space is fundamental — it shouldencourage to engage in municipal issues, not favor the escape to the “centralizedhome” or to the areas of explicitly commercial and consumer purposes. The datacontained in several texts show that the private sphere dominates over the publicsphere — at least in Poland and Upper Silesia.Secondly, the cities have always been places of innovation and creating newideas. This phenomenon has been strengthened nowadays. Implementation, evenpartial, of the idea of creative and smart city is a good illustration of such redundancy.However it is important not to consider this creativity and innovation onlyin terms of technology and economy. Social innovations which lead to improvingthe quality of urban life are equally important. A good example of it are Scandinaviancities, which successfully combine various dimensions of innovation. Whatis more, in the search for innovation in the economic sphere, the ability to networkco-operation between private and public actors is crucial. Founding the institutionswhich help to transfer innovation and technology or to stimulate them isonly the first step towards a potential success. The examples analyzed in the textsindicate that only the first step has been made.Thirdly, social life takes place in a growing number of parallel virtual worldsthat compete with the traditional city. On the one hand, it is an opportunity to intensifyits communication processes, both those occurring between individuals andsuch relating to promotional, or more broadly — concerning image of the cities. Onthe other hand, the virtual world increasingly poses the threat of separation fromthe physical urban environment. However, as the example of moderate popularityof virtual cemeteries analyzed in the book shows, some of the cultural elementsstill belong to the physical reality. It does not change the fact that virtual and physicalspace interpenetration has become a commonplace.Linking urban issues with reflection on innovation enables to see the city andits community with the new perspective. It allows us to respond differently to importantcontemporary questions: how modern city should look like? How shouldit work? How it can exploit the potential of citizens, institutions and companiesthat operate in the area? The texts included in the publication provide answers tosome of these questions, but more often indicate barriers blocking the cities developmentand the conditions which cities must fulfill to use their latent spirit of innovation.

A yuppie and a squatter. Global lifestyles in local educational environments

Yuppie oraz squatter. Globalne style życia w lokalnych środowiskach wychowawczych

Author(s): Maciej Bernasiewicz / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: local educational environments; global lifestyles; yuppie; squatter

The author describes lifestyles that received an internationalist naturethanks to their expansiveness. The processes shaping nowadays life of eachhuman being functioning in the circle of the North Atlantic culture areglobalization, individualization and triumph of a consumerist lifestyle. A lifestyledescribed in this work can be looked at as an opposition to dominatingand alternative culture. The regions axiologically different that areparadigmatically represented by a yuppie lifestyle (success, money), anda squatter (social justice, personal and local autonomy) lie on the oppositesides.The publication constitutes a study of two selected lifestyles, taking intoconsideration contexts a family and professional life in which each of therepresentatives of the squatter movement and yuppie social category engageswith varying intensiveness. A yuppie, as the study shows, lives a professionallife and, hence, has no difficulties with identifying his/herauthorities, masters, and people who are proficient in what they are doing,and who take a lead on professional paths. Paradoxically, functioning ofa yuppie is also orientated on cherishing a family life in spite of little timehe/she has for family. A squatter, on the other hand, lives the reality of globalharm, corporation injustice and opposes the law according to which thepoor are evicted to the street. Squatters’ attention is absorbed by capitalistmechanisms throwing people out on the social margin in the name of theprofit accumulated in the hands of few beneficiaries of neo-liberalism. Theydo not see any authorities in the brutal world of capitalism. Taking littlecare of their professional development, squatters totally marginalize their familylives. Their total life energy is absorbed by social issues.By means of an analysis of polarily different lifestyles, the author illustrateslife pluralism in the postmodern community which is neither homogeneous nor motionless in nihilism after all. On the contrary, modern societyconsists of social groups clearly articulating their exclusive axiology andteleology. Can one, though, treat them as equally worthy? The author, maintainingacademic objectivism, hopes that a reader gets enough knowledgeon the lifestyles in question to be able to answer the very question onhis/her own.

Metropolization and Local Governance. Global Challenges of the Nation-State on the Example of the French Fifth Republic

Metropolizacja a lokalne „governance”. Globalne wyzwania państwa narodowego na przykładzie V Republiki Francuskiej

Author(s): Robert Pyka / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Metropolization; Local Governance; French Fifth Republic

Globalization undoubtedly is one of modern processes which lay foundations for most significantchanges to contemporary societies. Social, economic and political phenomena, undergoingwithin nation-states and independently on them, have become a part of the network of globalconcerns and relations that the states are able to control no more than in a limited sense. In termsof localness the phenomenon is reflected in the processes of metropolization of urban agglomerationswhich form their own unique systems of governance. In doing so, they become distinctivelaboratories of new forms of government and democracy. The increasing inadequacy of the territorialstructure of the state and its institutional systems in terms of network systems and multilevelrelations that form new and functional living space for contemporary man are responsiblefor initiating reforms in states. However, the process of those changes does not go automatically,and it most often stands for a confrontation of the global system imperatives with values, normsand institutions deeply rooted in social structure and shaped in the Westphalian era. Therefore,the search for wise answers to global challenges abounds in diverse results, an example of whichmay be seen in hybrid territorial units in France which are concomitant with the specific formsof governance that are formed within. Despite the fact that the book deals with French status quoin the main, it touches upon universal issues which concern challenges that modern democraticnation-states have to meet.The book addresses all researchers of contemporary times, who make an attempt to come todeeper understanding of the changes that a modern state and democracy have to face in timeswhen the global system is being shaped. Unique is the fact that this book transcends theoreticaldigressions being at the same time embedded in the context of a particular society.The conclusions are based on an extensive empirical sources that the author of this bookcollected while conducting his research in France, where he had the honor of running discussionswith French eminent scholars, politicians and people engaged in self-government. According tothe reviewer of the book, professor Kazimierz Z. Sowa: „The collected research material presentsitself as very interesting and valuable one; additionally its research method makes it a sui generissource of information. [...] The results provide us with a solid amount of knowledge about modernFrance whose problems go beyond the present ones.”

Spectacle - Theater - Drama. ed. 2. correction and supplement

Widowisko - teatr - dramat. Wyd. 2. popr. i uzup.

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Spectacle; Theater; Drama

Wobec dużej liczby różnego typu wydawnictw na tematy związane ze sztukami widowiskowymi, teatrem, jego antropologią, performatyką, potrzebny jest swego rodzaju przewodnik pokazujący te zjawiska, wprowadzający w podstawowe pojęcia dotyczące teatru, jego natury, form, przybliżający zagadnienia teoretyczne i zasady instytucjonalnej organizacji teatru. Powinien on ułatwiać również orientację w literaturze przedmiotu. Takim przewodnikiem jest właśnie prezentowany skrypt, opracowany przez osoby prowadzące wykłady z teatrologii.Publikacja adresowana jest przede wszystkim do studentów kulturoznawstwa, ale może być pomocną i interesującą pozycją także dla studentów polonistyki i innych kierunków humanistycznych.

Faces of Creativity

Oblicza twórczości

Author(s): Grażyna Mendecka / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: creativity; psychology of creativity

Monografia utrzymana jest w duchu postmodernizmu. Prezentuje z różnych stron problem twórczości, oryginalnie i twórczo ujęty przez autorów. W tomie znalazły się teksty dotyczące rzadko omawianych problemów w psychologii twórczości, np. inspiracji twórczej, otwartości dzieła, twardości jako cechy osobowości istotnej dla aktywności twórczej. Autorzy włączając się w dyskusję psychologiczną dotyczącą złożonego fenomenu twórczości, podkreślają znaczenie aktywności twórczej w wymiarze kulturowym i jednostkowym. Zamierzona różnorodność ujęć i stanowisk w prezentowaniu twórczości rzuca światło na wieloaspektowość tego zjawiska, wymagającego właśnie takiego systemowego i interdyscyplinarnego ujęcia.

Idyll/testament. Selected poems Testament/idyll. Adopted poems

Idylla/testament. Wiersze przebrane. Testament/idylla. Wiersze przybrane

Author(s): Miłosz Piotrowiak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: idyllic nature; testament; Zuzanna Ginczanka; Jan Lechoń; Czesław Miłosz; Piotr Sommer; Jerzy Ficowski; Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz; Zbigniew Herbert.

The boundary between an idyllic nature and testament certainly does not divide anachronism from modernity. Both poetic formulas freeze in patterns with similar power, and go beyond their genre constraints with similar enthusiasm. Both idyll and testament are medial in nature – they still fight for something, negotiate conditions, test constraints and scope of actions. The movement derived from a poetic shamelessness, and immodest passion, whether it be concealing (idyll) or revealing the truth (testament)results from opposition to laws and possibilities of improving the world. That is why testament does not have to be considerations of an old man going back to a different epoch in his thoughts while idyll a little goose herd’s chat who is idle to an observer’s delight.Idyllic and testamentary points of view are subject to genological and philosophical tests as characterological states, predilections of imagination and style components in particular parts of the project.The project Idyll/testaments. Selected poems. Testament/idyll. Adopted poems evokes sketches on poetry by Zuzanna Ginczanka, Jan Lechoń, Czesław Miłosz, Piotr Sommer, Jerzy Ficowski, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz and Zbigniew Herbert.

Correspondence of directives for editing and interpretation of legal text

Korespondencja dyrektyw redagowania i interpretowania tekstu prawnego

Author(s): Marek Suska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: legislation; lawmaking; legal interpretation; Sejm of the Republic of Poland; rules of legislative drafting

Legal interpreters assume, inter alia, that the legislator consistently applies the concepts throughout the entire legal act, and that they do not introduce any unnecessary fragments into the text (prohibition of per non est interpretation). Do such interpreters' assumptions accurately reflect the way the legislator works? And do the persons handling the legislative process employ in their work tools with which the law will then be read? In order to find the answer to this question, the author has analyzed the applicable legislation and has undertaken socio-legal research, using the methods of text analysis, participant observation and in-depth interviews with legislators working in the Legislative Office of the Chancellery of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland. The results of his research and the conclusions derived from it are presented in the monograph titled Korespondencja dyrektyw redagowania i interpretowania tekstu prawnego. [Correspondence of the Directives for Drafting and Interpreting a Legal Text].

Personality traits versus the experience of happiness and sense of life

Cechy osobowości a doświadczanie szczęścia i poczucie sensu życia

Author(s): Anna Porczyńska-Ciszewska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: personality traits; experience of happiness; sense of life

Both defining what happiness is and what gives sense to human existence is notan easy task. It is so as the very notions are ambiguous and impossible to defineclear-cut since each of us may understand the nature of happiness and sense of lifein a bit different way. The literature offers many conceptions and ways of defininghappiness that is why speaking of happiness one should bear in mind the multiplicityof this term, and differentiate between different types of happiness. However, inspite of the existing differences, there is one thing they have in common, namely,all of them mean something positive and valuable.For the purposes of the studies in question, the leading conception of happinesswas that of M. Csikszentmihalyi who conceived of it as the „flow experience conception”(in Polish translation, the very term is called „koncepcja przepływu”,„koncepcja zaangażowania” or „teoria optymalnego doświadczenia”). The theory byM. Csikezentmihalyi was based on the flow conception, that is, the state in whicha person is so much engaged in his/her task that nothing else matters. The very experienceis satisfactory to such an extent that people aim at repeating it, even atgreat cost, only because of their willingness to experience this pure satisfaction.The studies conducted and presented in the publication constitute an attempt todefine the subject determiners of individual differences within the scope of the frequencyof happiness experienced, defining a mental well-being of an individual,and their relationship with the sense of existence as felt by the subject.The studies under investigation aimed at recognizing the relationship betweenthe level of happiness experienced (as understood by the flow conception) and thesense of one’s own existence.The research included 208 subjects of different sex. They completed a battery ofself-describing questionnaires. The data collected allowed for including such variablesinto the analysis as the sense of life, locus of control (LOC), tendency for reactionsaccording to the A behavior model, taking risky actions, and personality traitstaken from the so called big 5 model, notably, extroversion, neuroticism, opennessfor experience, conscientiousness, and tendency to compromise whose influence onthe experience of happiness was measured statistically in the form of correlationand prediction.The results seem to prove the correctness of the assumption that each person ischaracterized by a certain level of the sense of their own life that conditions thelevel of their mental well-being understood as happiness. It was claimed that thesense of life may be treated as the main factor determining individual differences interms of a mental well-being expressed by the frequency of happiness experienced,and that a high level of the sense of life most strongly correlates in a positive waywith extroversion and conscientiousness. The experience of happiness, on the otherhand, depends not only on the sense of life, but also directly on certain subjecttraits, namely on the tendency to take risky actions, extroversion, openness for newsituations and conscientiousness. Besides, it was stated that the subject trait, that isa tendency to take risky actions, is directly connected to the frequency of happinessexperienced by an individual. The very findings proved the existence of individualdifferences in terms of the level of the sense of life experienced, and, subsequently,the frequency of happiness experienced manifested in the form of experiences ofthe flow experience type.

Transgressions of photography in spaces of culture

Transgresje fotografii w przestrzeniach kultury

Author(s): Janusz Musiał / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: intermedia photography; post-media photography; photography between media; digital photography; hybrid photography

The book is an attempt to answer questions about the changes in the landscape of contemporary visual culture - how information techniques and technologies, and new digital media affect the form and functions of technical images - and in particular the medium of photography, the author's status and applied artistic strategies. The aim of this book is to present the issues related to the evolution of the form and content of a technical image, assuming that digital technologies cause revolutionary transformations in the media space of optical-mechanical imaging, in the way the world is perceived and in the way of participating in contemporary visual culture.