Модели на развитие на граждански летища в Европа и Съединените щати
Models of Civil Airport Development in Europe and the United States

Author(s): Dobromir Kirev
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Economy, Governance, Transport / Logistics
Published by: Университет за национално и световно стопанство (УНСС)
Keywords: economics; airport; models; aerotropolis
Summary/Abstract: The development of civil airports plays a crucial role in regional connectivity, economic growth, and the advancement of multimodal transportation systems. Europe and the United States offer distinct yet effective models of airport development, shaped by their regulatory frameworks, economic priorities, and governance structures. In Europe, airport development is largely characterized by decentralization, regional autonomy, strong public-private partnerships (PPPs), and an emphasis on sustainability and multimodal integration. Airports often serve as regional development hubs, closely linked to EU transport and cohesion policies. In contrast, the United States follows a more centralized approach, relying heavily on federal funding through the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Airport Improvement Program (AIP). American airports commonly operate under independent airport authorities and prioritize efficiency, large-scale hub-and-spoke networks, and commercial expansion through models like the aerotropolis. This report compares the strategic methods applied in both regions, including financing mechanisms, governance models, spatial planning, and innovation trends. The analysis highlights key lessons for adapting best practices to national contexts, especially for emerging economies seeking to enhance their airport infrastructure.

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