Newtonova znanstvena metoda kao limitirajući faktor Kantove filozofije? Geneza, kontekst i paradigmatski problem
Newton’s Scientific Method as a Limiting Factor of Kant’s Philosophy? Genesis, Context and Paradigmatic Problem

Author(s): Pavle Mijović
Subject(s): Metaphysics, Special Branches of Philosophy, Early Modern Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
Published by: Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine
Keywords: Kant; Newton; physics; scientific method; paradigm; metaphysics;
Summary/Abstract: The main methodological premise of this paper consists in observing certain Kant’s philosophical ideas within the context of the dominant scientific standard of the time, representing a form of optimal knowledge that existed at a given historical moment. When it comes to Kant himself, the influence of Newton’s scientific method on his thought, which marked the development of his thought through different phases, is important for understanding his critical philosophy. Although, from today’s perspective, when certain theoretical limitations of the scientific paradigms are clearer – in Kant’s case, the general problems of the Enlightenment and Newton’s physics – it is easy to see certain ambiguities of Kant’s philosophy itself. This paper deals with the relationship between science and philosophy or, more precisely, with the naturalization of philosophy, which is visible from Kant’s work itself, which only recently, with certain authors (Friedmann, Höffe), attracted somewhat greater public attention. The first part of the paper analyzes the scientific context in which certain Kant’s works originated and it serves as an indicator of the gradual evolution of the German philosopher’s thoughts. The general scientific context marked by the scientific revolution, of which Newton is one of the main representatives, influenced the philosophical development of Kant himself. In the second part of the paper, after analyzing certain aspects of Newton’s thought, we will show how they were transposed into Kant’s philosophical system, modernizing his way of dealing with philosophy but at the same time limiting it, since it is predominantly related to one scientific paradigm.

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