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The Memory of Juliusz Słowacki Cover Image
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Pamięć Juliusza Słowackiego
The Memory of Juliusz Słowacki

Contributor(s): Olaf Krysowski (Editor), Natalia Szerszeń (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: Juliusz Słowacki; memory; reminiscence; imagination; mnemotopos
Summary/Abstract: The book, which shows the works of Juliusz Słowacki from the perspective of cultural memory, belongs to memory studies. It aims to follow the relations between memory, reminiscence and commemoration, as well as to describe the relations and interdependencies between individual and collective memory, memory, biography and history in the poet’s works. The authors, in an innovative and multi-faceted manner, reconstruct ideas, formulas and notions, which develop a sui generis philosophy of memory in Słowacki’s works.

  • E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-5039-6
  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-5031-0
  • Page Count: 518
  • Publication Year: 2021
  • Language: Polish
O „miejscach pamięci” w poezji Juliusza Słowackiego

O „miejscach pamięci” w poezji Juliusza Słowackiego
(On “Places of Memory” in Juliusz Słowacki’s Poetry)

  • Author(s):Grażyna Halkiewicz-Sojak
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:23-32
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:places of memory; Krzemieniec; Warsaw; An Hour of Thought; Calm
  • Summary/Abstract:The topic of the article is the analysis of “places of memory” in selected works by Słowacki. The examples have been juxtaposed in such a way as to show, on the one hand, the evolution of motifs and, on the other, to reveal certain permanent features of the author’s poetic imagination. The selection criterion was also the relationship of the interpreted “places of memory” to the poet’s childhood and youth; hence the preference for lyricism, in which the poetic images of Krzemieniec and Warsaw appear: "Godzina myśli" (“An Hour of Thought”), "Uspokojenie" (“Calm”). The subject of interpretation are both youthful works and those written at the end of life – in the mystical period. The interpretations allowed to show the work of the poet’s memory and imagination, thanks to which the literary images become more and more dynamic, gradually detach from memories and become fragments of an apocalyptic vision.
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Księżyc nad miastem

Księżyc nad miastem
(The Moon over the City)

  • Author(s):Agnieszka Górska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:33-42
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; The Moon; Vilnius; Aladdin; memory
  • Summary/Abstract:This article is devoted to the city of Vilnius represented in the early poem "Księżyc" (“The Moon”) by Juliusz Słowacki. The image of the city is evidently inspired by one of the first books he read, "The Arabian Nights", particularly by the story of Aladdin and his enchanted lamp. In the 18th and 19th centuries "The Arabian Nights" were one of the most important books in Europe, especially their French translation by Antoine Galland, a French orientalist. Słowacki, having drawn on the story of Aladdin, represented Vilnius as fairy-tale-like place, full of wonders and oriental delights. The memory of his home town was connected to the city illumination in 1822. The poet as a teenage boy perceived the city lights and the thousands of lanterns as an extraordinary and fairy-tale-like event. Słowacki’s memory of the illuminated city intertwined with the memory of the book he had read in his childhood. In this lyrical description of the city an important feature of Słowacki’s memory already became noticeable: for the poet a veristic view was not as important as the view seen in his imagination inspired by the Arabian tales.
  • Price: 0.50 €
Raptularz podróży wschodniej Juliusza Słowackiego – przestrzeń pamięci poetyckiej

Raptularz podróży wschodniej Juliusza Słowackiego – przestrzeń pamięci poetyckiej
(The Eastern Travel Diary of Juliusz Słowacki – the Space of Poetic Memory)

  • Author(s):Zbigniew Przychodniak
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:43-64
  • No. of Pages:22
  • Keywords:Romanticism; notebook; The Eastern Travel Diary; operational memory; poetic memory
  • Summary/Abstract:The retrieval of the manuscript of Juliusz Słowacki’s notebook from his travels to Greece, Egypt and Palestine (1836‒1837) allows us to resume the analysis of this many-texted written document, called "Raptularz Wschodni" (“The Eastern Travel Diary”). It contains travel notes, ready-to-publish creations, drafts and plans of many literary pieces – among others, ["Listy poetyckie z Egiptu"] (“[Poetic Letters from Egypt]”), "Podróż do Ziemi Świętej z Neapolu" (“Voyage to the Holy Land from Napoli”). The question of genesis and timeframe of the entries, the composition rules, its mnemonic function and the role of the notebook in the opus of Juliusz Słowacki is reconsidered. The comparison to other notebooks of the poet points to a special character of this traveller’s silva rerum, and its role as a sort of poetic memory on hand. “The Eastern Travel Diary” by Juliusz Słowacki is a heterogeneous, palimpsest document, an open work with a rich net of internal correlations and both literary and semantic interconnections. It was a space for an intensive poetry-creating work, drawing strongly from the Greek formula of poetic art as poieín.
  • Price: 1.50 €
Rysunki Słowackiego z podróży na Wschód jako portale pamięci

Rysunki Słowackiego z podróży na Wschód jako portale pamięci
(The Słowacki’s Drawings from His Journey to the East as Memory Portals)

  • Author(s):Urszula Makowska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:65-81
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:drawings of Juliusz Słowacki; Juliusz Słowacki’s journey to the East; notebooks of Juliusz Słowacki; identity of the sylleptic subject; poet as an artist
  • Summary/Abstract:Słowacki’s drawings from his journey to the East (24 August 1836 – 16 June 1837) are in two notebooks (one of them is kept in the Library of the National Ossoliński Institute in Wrocław, the second in the Russian State Library in Moscow). They are a source of information about travel (they present places not found in Słowacki’s notes and letters), but they can also be treated as an autobiographical document and as portals of the poet’s individual memory – memory of a man and a creator. They reflect the visual sensitivity of the author and the energy of his body: traces of a pencil, pen or brush correspond to the gestures of his arm and hand. In some drawings, Słowacki marked the place from which he saw the view, filling this part of the composition with disorderly, careless lines or undefined shapes. They contrast with the calm and objective registration of the object of his observation. The drawings show landscapes and monuments along the way, but also contain hidden self-portraits of the poet. They can be related to the disintegrating and reassembled identity of the sylleptic subject in his literary works written during the eastern journey. It is possible that they also played an inspiring role (as portals of memory) for Greek and Egyptian themes and motifs in Słowacki’s late works.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Mnemotopika Ukrainy w twórczości Juliusza Słowackiego: kontekst aksjologiczny

Mnemotopika Ukrainy w twórczości Juliusza Słowackiego: kontekst aksjologiczny
(Mnemotopoi of Ukraine in the Work of Juliusz Słowacki: Axiological Context)

  • Author(s):Mariya Valentynivna Bracka
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:82-97
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:mnemotopoi; Ukraine; metaphors of memory; axiology; ambivalence; infernality
  • Summary/Abstract:The article attempts to analyze the mnemotopoi of Ukraine in the work of Juliusz Słowacki, with particular emphasis on the axiological context. It was noted that the concept of mnemotopoi combines the interests of humanistic geography and studies of memory. It was emphasized that Słowacki, in his early works, remembers the image of Ukraine as an exotic geographical and ethnographic space through steppe metaphors, graves, icons, and the topoi of a young Cossak-man marked ambivalently. In his later texts, among others "Sen srebrny Salomei" (“The Silver Dream of Salomea”), the mnemotopoi of Ukraine are characterized by infernality, but also by the awareness of its separateness and an important role in raising the spirit of Polishness.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Juliusza Słowackiego "Sen srebrny Salomei": dwie prawdy

Juliusza Słowackiego "Sen srebrny Salomei": dwie prawdy
("Sen srebrny Salomei" by Juliusz Słowacki: Two Truths)

  • Author(s):Rościsław Radyszewski
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:98-107
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Poland; Confederation of Bar; Haydamak rebellion; Polish-Ukrainian conflict; historiosophic mystical plan
  • Summary/Abstract:The article deals with the drama of the last period of the artistic creativity by Juliusz Slowacki – "Sen srebrny Salomei" (“The Silver Dream of Salomea”), which focuses on the Polish-Ukrainian conflict of the Confederation of Bar and Haydamak rebellion’s times. The focus is on the discrepancy by different researchers of the dramatic symbolic scenes and images in the context of antagonism of Wernyhorа, the prophet of the Polish-Ukrainian union, Semenko, the leader of the peasants’ uprising, and Sawа in his triple hypostasеs of “Lіakh, Kozak and the Devil”. Both the peasant community and the noble Confederates express their own “truth” in the struggle for freedom and faith. For Juliusz Słowacki, Ukraine with its freedom-loving history is inscribed in the historiosophic truth-identifying mystical plan of Poland’s transformation on the path of perfected freedom, when true “will of the spirit” therefore is born in agony, in pain.
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Wyobraźnia i pamięć w dyskursie autobiograficznym Słowackiego

Wyobraźnia i pamięć w dyskursie autobiograficznym Słowackiego
(Imagination and Memory in Juliusz Słowacki’s Autobiographic Discourse)

  • Author(s):Lidia Romaniszyn-Ziomek
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:111-119
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:imagination; memory; autobiographic narrative; Juliusz Słowacki
  • Summary/Abstract:Autobiographic narratives by their nature are a sort of creation, in which a particular role is played by memory of events, places, people. The identity one builds in the course of self-narrativisation ultimately becomes a kind of construct, a literary creation, half real, half fictional, functioning in the eyes of posterity like a literary hero, sometimes even detached from biographical facts. The aim of the present sketch is to explore the character and form of the narrative very deliberately created by Słowacki, as well as the special role played in it by memory and imagination. The tale he tells about himself, composed of a variety of genres – from diary and letter, to small poetic forms – constitutes an image of the poet as a literary figure. In the present text, these forms have been limited to just a few, written in the poet’s early life, and formally related to autobiographic genres – namely "Pamiętnik" (“Diary”), "Życiorys ojca i własny" (“My Father’s Life and My Own”), as well as letters written by the poet to his mother.
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Między wspomnieniem a ocaleniem

Między wspomnieniem a ocaleniem
(Between Memory and Salvation)

  • Author(s):Krzysztof Korotkich
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:120-136
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; correspondence; memory; oblivion; salvation
  • Summary/Abstract:The article is devoted to one of the most interesting threads related to Juliusz Słowacki’s correspondence addressed to his mother – memory, but also its variation, which is forgetfulness. The poet consciously uses the power of seemingly opposing expressions, constructing a landscape of internal tensions, experiencing changes over time and gaining life experience. In his imagination, the poet links memory and oblivion with transience, displaying discretely, but no less clearly, the inscribed death. For Słowacki, memory is a kind of code, a meta-text, which in his letters to his mother allows the reader to recognize the next layers of meaning of these masterpieces.
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„Ogromna pamięć, z myśli uwita łańcucha”

„Ogromna pamięć, z myśli uwita łańcucha”
(“Huge memory, from the mind will welcome the chain”)

  • Author(s):Kamil K. Pilichiewicz
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:137-144
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; autobiographism; metempsychosis; memory
  • Summary/Abstract:The subject of the article is the poem "Godzina myśli" (“An Hour of Thought”) by Juliusz Słowacki. Two distinguishing features of the work are subjected to clarification: autobiographism and metempsychosis. The autobiographical threads of Słowacki’s adolescence are cited, with particular emphasis on his friendship with Ludwik Spitznagel, and unfulfilled love to Ludwika Śniadecka. Memuaristic tendencies are confirmed by fragments of letters to Słowacki’s mother referred to in the article. The poem reveals not only the fate of the poet, but also his reflections, views in which metempsychosis is an important factor. The key factor integrating autobiographism and the aforementioned faith in the journey of souls in the Geneva poem turns out to be memory, in its dual role (the material from which the poet formed the “poem of the heart” and a component of the metempsychosis concept).
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Niepamięć – pamięć o ojczymie, doktorze Auguście Bécu

Niepamięć – pamięć o ojczymie, doktorze Auguście Bécu
(Oblivion – Remembrance of Dr. August Bécu)

  • Author(s):Leszek Libera
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:145-156
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:trial of Vilnius youth; traitor – stepfather; expulsion (Verdrängung); Lacan’s psychoanalysis; killing of father
  • Summary/Abstract:The central place in Slowacki’s life was taken by his mother, Salomea Januszewska. His biological father, Eusebius Słowacki died when his son barely turned 5 and was poorly remembered by his son. The mother got married to doctor August Bécu, who died from lightning, when Słowacki was 14 years old. Słowacki’s scholars treat this man, who appears in Mickiewicz’s "Dziady" (“Forefathers’ Eve”) part III, as a traitor during the Vilnius youth process, as if he was not present in poet’s life. The study shows how great mistake it is. August Bécu did play a great role in Słowacki’s life, he left a great mark on his work, more important than his mother. This paper is an attempt to show the psychological processes pushing the memory of the damned stepfather to oblivion, which is a kind of specific memory revealed in the poet’s literary works. The concept of repression (Verdrängung) allows revealing the power of this creative inspiration in poetic creations of father in such works as "Wacław", "Lilla Weneda", "Beatryks Cenci" (“Beatrix Cenci”), "Ojciec zadżumionych" (“The Father of the Plague-stricken”), "Poema Piasta Dantyszka" (“Poem of Piast Dantiscus”) or "Samuel Zborowski"; it also expounds Jacques Lacan’s theory about defining father’s role over the centuries and the meaning of his death. The killing of father by son (children) is the center of Lacan’s interest (also Simone de Beauvoir) and is regarded both as a nondescript element of the human psyche and one of the biggest hidden fears. Słowacki felt guilty for the death of his stepfather, the father – son and children – father relations shown in his works are inevitably branded by this death.
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Kapłani w pamięci Juliusza Słowackiego

Kapłani w pamięci Juliusza Słowackiego
(Priests in the Memory of Juliusz Słowacki)

  • Author(s):Włodzimierz Toruń
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:157-174
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; priest; Holy Land; Maksymilian Stanisław Ryłło; Tomasz Praniewicz
  • Summary/Abstract:The presented sketch of "Priests in the memory of Juliusz Słowacki" has a historical and literary character. It concerns the poet’s contacts with priests, mainly with rank-and-file servants of the Lord’s vineyard. Apart from the factual layer, the work indirectly tries to answer the question, what resulted from the recorded meetings, to what extent they left a trace in the spiritual life of the poet. From the early period of the poet’s life, an important, remembered figure was priest Bazyli Sobkiewicz, chaplain of the Volyn Junior High School in Krzemieniec. This figure is enveloped in an aura of warm, family memories colored with fervent child religiosity. During the journey to the East, an important figure that Słowacki met was a Jesuit father, a missionary Maksymilian Stanisław Ryłło. In addition to practical help provided to his compatriot, he greatly helped him in experiencing spiritual encounters at cult sites in the Holy Land. The sketch is completed with a paragraph on the character of priest Tomasz Praniewicz, chaplain of the Lambert Hotel, le poète de grotesque. It was his pastoral ministry Słowacki asked for before his death, perhaps feeling quiet sympathy for this servant of God.
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Pamięć o Marii i Antonim Malczewskim w poetyckiej refleksji Juliusza Słowackiego

Pamięć o Marii i Antonim Malczewskim w poetyckiej refleksji Juliusza Słowackiego
(Memory of Maria and Antoni Malczewski in the Poetic Reflection of Juliusz Słowacki)

  • Author(s):Marta Białobrzeska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:175-184
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Antoni Malczewski; Maria; Juliusz Słowacki; Beniowski; mythologisation of the life of Antoni Malczewski; poems dedicated to Maria and Malczewski; second bard; Orpheus myths
  • Summary/Abstract:Marta Białobrzeska in the article Memory of Maria and Antoni Malczewski in the poetic reflection of Juliusz Słowacki writes about the Maria and Antoni Malczewski references in the works of Juliusz Słowacki. Letter from Juliusz Słowacki to Salomea Bécu (15 VII 1833) suggest that the process of mythologisation of the life of Antoni Malczewski was developing along with the career of his poetic tale. In the we can note the indispensable elements of the mythical biography of Antoni Malczewski: romantic journeys, inspiration with the works of Lord Byron, convergence of the facts from his biography with events from the life of the author of "The Corsair", unhappy love, loneliness, underestimation by the contemporaries, and death in poverty and oblivion. In "Beniowski" the author of Maria is presented as the eulogist of Ukraine – the man of the south-eastern borderlands of the Republic of Poland. It was claimed that his work had arisen out of the very soul of the Ukrainian land, where the achievements of the ancestors were still echoing. We witness equating the existential experience of Malczewski with the vision of the world contained in "Maria". In "Beniowski" Malczewski was perceived also as the second bard – the greatest poet of his epoch next to Adam Mickiewicz. "Maria" was seen as the creation of the great national literature. Glorification of Antoni Malczewski in poetry is related to the exceptional popularity of Orpheus myths in Polish culture, both of the first and the second half of the 19th century.
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Słowacki czyta Krasińskiego

Słowacki czyta Krasińskiego
(Słowacki Reads Krasiński)

  • Author(s):Maciej Szargot
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:185-194
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Zygmunt Krasiński; inspiration; intertextuality; narrative poetry
  • Summary/Abstract:The article is about the issue not yet examined: how Zygmunt Krasiński’s texts were an inspiration for Juliusz Słowacki. The example of such intertextual relations is the connection between the lyrical fragment in the incipit ["Mnie smutek zabił, mnie gorzkie koleje…"] (["Sadness killed me, the bitter course killed me…"]) which is a part of two poems: "Fantazja konania" (“The Fantasy of Dying”) published after the poet’s death and the edited "Dzień dzisiejszy" (“Today”) with the fragment of "Król-Duch" (“The Spirit King”) where the three motives connected with each other are present: one about the temporary sleep of the character, one about the sleeping kingdom and one about the sleeping knights.
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Pamięć Słowackiego w kręgu zagadnień „biografii psychologicznej” Ferdynanda Hoesicka

Pamięć Słowackiego w kręgu zagadnień „biografii psychologicznej” Ferdynanda Hoesicka
(Słowacki’s Memory on the Issues of the “Psychological Biography” of Ferdynand Hoesick)

  • Author(s):Urszula Kowalczuk
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:195-211
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Ferdynand Hoesick; Antoni Małecki; letters; biography studies
  • Summary/Abstract:This article asks a question about ways and cognitive effects of exploiting poet’s memory (written down, first of all, in the letters but also in the memorials) as a component of the historical documentation, which was the scientific base for Ferdynand Hoesick’s monograph "Życie Juliusza Słowackiego na tle współczesnej epoki (1809‒1849). Biografia psychologiczna", 1896‒1897 (“The Life of Juliusz Słowacki Against the Backdrop of His Times (1809‒1849). A Psychological Biography”, 1896‒1897). The researcher’s trust in Słowacki’s autobiographical testimonies is presented as a symptom of the modernist changes inhistorical and literary biography studies. The earlier poet’s monograph by Antoni Małecki is an important reference to Hoesic’s work.
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W poszukiwaniu „twórczej psyche Słowackiego”

W poszukiwaniu „twórczej psyche Słowackiego”
(In Search of “Słowacki’s Creative Psyche”)

  • Author(s):Joanna Dobrowolska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:212-232
  • No. of Pages:21
  • Keywords:Cezary Jellenta; cultural memory; modernistic literary criticism; romantic tradition; Słowacki-wizard
  • Summary/Abstract:The main subject of my article is the reception of Słowacki’s literary heritage by Cezary Jellenta, one of the most important figures of the Young Poland’s literary criticism. The basic source texts for me are: "Juliusz Słowacki dzisiaj: szkic konturowy", 1900 (“Juliusz Słowacki Today: A Contour Sketch”), "Druid Juliusz Słowacki", 1911 and the article "Fizjognomia polityczna Juliusza Słowackiego", „Młodość” 1901, no. VI (“The Political Physiognomy of Juliusz Słowacki”). The crucial problem for my interpretation is the memory issue analysed in two aspects. On the one hand, it is the memory discourse on Słowacki, as well as the strategies and mechanisms of its creation used by modernist criticism. On the other hand, I pointed the figures of cultural memory in Jellenta’s studies, especially archetypes (the title metaphore of Słowacki as a wizard) and myths of the beginning. I tried to define their influence on the reinterpretation of Słowacki’s works and make the topics more appropriate for the 20th century point of view. I also thought about their importance for the creation of the Polish national identity in the times when our country did not exist. Jellenta’s literary research is placed in the context of studies of the romantic genealogy of modernist criticism. In my interpretation I refer to three conceptions: Carl Gustav Jung’s of archetypes, Maurice Halbwachs’s of social memory and Jan and Aleida Assmann’s of cultural memory.
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Pamięć o Juliuszu Słowackim na Litwie w XX i XXI wieku

Pamięć o Juliuszu Słowackim na Litwie w XX i XXI wieku
(Memories of Juliusz Słowacki in Lithuania in the 20th and the 21st Century)

  • Author(s):Irena Fedorowicz
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:233-250
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:Vilnius; Lithuania; theatre performances; translations; 20th and the 21st century
  • Summary/Abstract:Adam Mickiewicz was widely considered in Vilnius and in Lithuania to be the bearer of the romantic tradition. Juliusz Słowacki, whose work was rendered ambiguous, took up the second position. Theatre performances, either from the beginning of the 19th century ("Lilla Weneda", 1909) or from the interwar period "Książę niezłomny", 1926 (“The Constant Prince”), were very helpful to popularize Słowacki’s works. An interest in Słowacki and his works increased in 1927, and was connected with bringing in the remains of Słowacki to Cracow. Słowacki today is well seen on the cultural map of Vilnius, but respected only by Polish community. Słowacki is a completely unknown author for Lithuanian readers, and such position is mainly caused by the lack of translations.
  • Price: 1.50 €
Pamięć alternatywna

Pamięć alternatywna
(The Alternative Memory)

  • Author(s):Andrzej Fabianowski
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:251-260
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Paweł Goźliński; Jul; emigration; alternative memory
  • Summary/Abstract:Paweł Goźlinski’s historical novel Jul was published in 2010. It centres around the life and works of Juliusz Słowacki, the Polish emigre community in Paris in 1845, unusual events, crime and detective work to find the truth. Literary fiction and truth are interwoven, thus creating a space for so-called alternative memory. The significance of the work as a whole is a way of paying homage to Słowacki, expressed in the language of a contemporary novel.
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Reżyser pyta o Juliusza Słowackiego

Reżyser pyta o Juliusza Słowackiego
(A Film Director on Juliusz Słowacki)

  • Author(s):Dorota Kulczycka
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:261-289
  • No. of Pages:29
  • Keywords:Walerian Borowczyk; Blanche; Juliusz Słowacki; Mazepa; adaptation
  • Summary/Abstract:The author of this article discusses the problem of the film adaptation of Juliusz Słowacki’s dramatic composition, directed in France by Walerian Borowczyk, who was at that time banned from Poland. She reflects upon the play between eros and sacrum, which is very characteristic of the Polish director, but also very different than in Słowacki’s design. She also considers the following issues: change of name and title of the work; modification of historical and geographical background; ascetic scenery (one-dimensionality and lack of pageantry like in Giotto’s paintings); functioning of things (or rather – in Borowczyk’s case – almost lack of props) and animals – different in both works: literary and cinematic.
  • Price: 2.00 €
Nad trumną bohatera romantycznego

Nad trumną bohatera romantycznego
(Over the Coffin of a Romantic Hero)

  • Author(s):Maria Makaruk
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:290-300
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:staging; Juliusz Słowacki; Kordian; Jakub Skrzywanek; Romanticism; stereotype
  • Summary/Abstract:The essay is an analysis and interpretation of Juliusz Słowacki’s "Kordian" directed by Jakub Skrzywanek at the Polish Theatre in Poznań in January 2018. Although it is a discussion with romantic stereotypes and myths, rather than another classical staging of the play, Skrzywanek’s staging is one of the most interesting voices in the "Kordian" case in years. This essay is an attempt to reconstruct the performance, made on the basis of its reviews and statements of the staging’s creators.
  • Price: 1.00 €
„Znudzeni wonią kwiatów”

„Znudzeni wonią kwiatów”
(“Bored with the smell of flowers”)

  • Author(s):Paulina Abriszewska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:303-313
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; An Hour of Thought; senses; imagination; memory
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to analyse and interpret Juliusz Słowacki’s "Godzina myśli" (“An Hour of Thought”) in order to show how its play of memory and imagination is rooted in its intense sensuality. The stress is particularly put on those fragments where one finds totality of senses that make a sort of sensual panorama, synesthesia, and surprisingly important role granted by the poet to smell.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Juliusza Słowackiego „pamięć florystyczna”

Juliusza Słowackiego „pamięć florystyczna”
(Juliusz Słowacki’s Floristic Memory)

  • Author(s):Ewa Grzęda
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:314-323
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; floristic memory; landscape memory; physical phenomena; artistic imagination
  • Summary/Abstract:This article analyses selected biographical episodes and representative poetical works by Juliusz Słowacki which confirm the significance of floristic memory both in his individual perception of physical phenomena and artistic imagination. The kind of memory put forward in this text is a synthesis of autobiographical and landscape memory. These memory types have been clearly defined in contemporary scholarship. The notion of floristic memory employed in the context of Słowacki’s studies is postulative and purely functional. This particular memory type may also follow from his special relationship with the natural environment in childhood and youth, which determined Słowacki’s individual identity. The nineteenth-century philosophical and aesthetical tendencies are considered to be additional modelling factors.
  • Price: 0.50 €
„I dzwoni cicha dusza muzyczna”

„I dzwoni cicha dusza muzyczna”
(“And the silent musical soul rings”)

  • Author(s):Małgorzata Łoboz
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:324-335
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:poetry and music; musical memory; poetic world of sounds; works of Juliusz Słowacki
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper attempts to answer the question whether Słowacki possessed musical memory and whether the said fact can be proved. In his poem "Anioł ognisty – mój anioł lewy..." (“Angel of Fire – My Left Angel…”) Słowacki showed the problem of the musical soul as a result of the expressive function of poetry. The issue was also presented as an analysis of individual experience – every recipient can discover their own musical soul and Słowacki was well aware of the fact. In his poetic vision the Polish poet perfectly captured the said phenomenon. The question is whether in Słowacki’s works the ability to listen to the musical soul is connected with the ability to remember specific tones, rhythm, melodic tempo? Based on the fragments of his correspondence, it can be stated that interpretation and reproduction became the most important aspects of the sound reality he created. Recognizing the intriguing phenomena of the world of sound, Słowacki assigned them to certain emotions. The mentioned feelings presented recollection as a form of preservation of memory. There is no doubt that in Słowacki’s case one can speak of musical memory as a form of consolidating specific musical predispositions (the so-called musical hearing, sense of rhythm, the ability to shape the articulation of the sound). One can also distinguish a type of memory phases in music, when particular audio phenomena provoke the poet to remember specific events from the past.
  • Price: 1.00 €
"Anhelli" – pamięć i tożsamość

"Anhelli" – pamięć i tożsamość
("Anhelli" – Memory and Identity)

  • Author(s):Wacław Pyczek
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:336-352
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Romanticism; Juliusz Słowacki; Anhelli; Siberia; exile; memory; identity
  • Summary/Abstract:The character of the hereby presented essay is an aspectual interpretation of Juliusz Słowacki’s narrative poem Anhelli, where the perspective of observation is set by the category of memory viewed in the context of identity. Memory motifs, important in the epoch of Romanticism, perform a significant and complex role in the described narrative poem. They are present in numerous layers of the literary work. First of all, they determine the nature and destiny of literary characters, they also shape the narrative mode, the image of the historic and religious alignment of the literary work. For the author of the presented considerations it was more important to concentrate upon the existential contexts than the political ones, so often underlined earlier. The presented interpretation of the Siberian narrative poem memory was pointed out as a value and, at the same time, a factor forming the identity of the characters and especially the title character. Complexity of the topic is revealed in the very multitude of memory types – narrative (biographical and autobiographical), intimate, individual, collective and also biblical. Introducing the particular categories and their description allowed determining more closely the layers of the basic meanings of the narrative poem and also the image of the exile culture marked with the tragic stigma.
  • Price: 1.00 €
„Nie tworzę prawie nic, lecz przypominam”

„Nie tworzę prawie nic, lecz przypominam”
(“I create almost nothing but remind you”)

  • Author(s):Olga Taranek-Wolańska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:353-364
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Beniowski; associative memory; anamnesis; cryptomnesia
  • Summary/Abstract:The article discusses various mechanisms of memories in "Beniowski" by Juliusz Słowacki, which are typical of associative discourse in a digressive poem. Therefore, anamnestic memory is distinguished, which in "Beniowski" is subordinated to irony and defines Słowacki’s attitude to tradition, including the literary one, and is associated with the language crisis experienced by the poet. The basis for Słowacki’s cryptomnesia memory is also pointed out, which is associated not only with his erudition and the phenomenal ability to remember. Nowadays, it is interpreted as a manifestation of the poet’s intertextuality, his struggle with the influence of his predecessors and searching for his romantic idiom. The article gives examples of associations related to Jaszuny that Słowacki visited in his youth. The article also explores associations with Ludwika Śniadecka, Słowacki’s youthful love. Finally, cryptomnesia and anamnesis are shown as figures of memory, subordinated in "Beniowski" to different types of irony, which breaks the course of a digressive poem, and in a broader perspective – disrupts the reference function of the language.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Pamięć epistemiczna Juliusza Słowackiego jako źródło wiedzy o podmiotowych relacjach

Pamięć epistemiczna Juliusza Słowackiego jako źródło wiedzy o podmiotowych relacjach
(Juliusz Słowacki’s Epistemic Memory as a Source of Knowledge about Subjective Relations)

  • Author(s):Ewa Hoffmann-Piotrowska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:367-378
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:mystical Słowacki; epistemic memory; metempsychosis; letters to Joanna Bobrowa
  • Summary/Abstract:Juliusz Słowacki can be called a poet of memory, especially the memory of himself. He wants to talk about himself, about the subjective and objective reality in which he participates. To a large extent, the poet does this to save himself from oblivion. The article deals with the epistemic memorial of brother Juliusz, which takes on a new meaning due to its relationship with metempsychosis concepts present among the Tovians. It will be individual but also social memory, focusing on the experience of the generation of the oldest ghosts, among which Słowacki included himself. The article reflects on the cognitive memory of the mystical poet in the context of personal relationships, which this memory helps the poet to interpret. The textual source of considerations here are the poet’s letters to Joanna Bobrowa.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Juliusza Słowackiego pamięć ciała (przyczynek do refleksji nad stosunkiem poety do materii w okresie genezyjskim)

Juliusza Słowackiego pamięć ciała (przyczynek do refleksji nad stosunkiem poety do materii w okresie genezyjskim)
(Juliusz Słowacki’s Memory of the Body (a Contribution to Reflection on the Poet’s Attitude to Matter in the Genesian Period))

  • Author(s):Anna Rzepniewska-Kosińska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:379-390
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; correspondence; body; matter; Genesian system
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper concerns the manner in which Juliusz Słowacki referred to the body (primarily his own) in the correspondence from the 1840s. The article contains a review of current research proposals, largely shaped under the influence of the still vivid stereotype of this poet, who after a spiritual change would begin to despise the material sphere of life. Based on the interpretation of his letters, it was possible to verify this stereotype and show Słowacki as an artist struggling with the issue of corporeality, having an ambivalent attitude towards it, but without any contempt. The conclusions indicate that the poet’s correspondence as well as his literary texts can be read as a multi-threaded treatise on the body and its place in the Genesian system.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Pamięć a życie pozagrobowe

Pamięć a życie pozagrobowe
(Memory and the Afterlife)

  • Author(s):Ewa Szczeglacka-Pawłowska
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:391-400
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Homer; memory; afterlife; lyric; To Franciszek Szemioth
  • Summary/Abstract:The article addresses the issue of memory in the lyric, which in the editions of Juliusz Słowacki’s poems is titled "Do Franciszka Szemiotha" (“To Franciszek Szemioth”), but in his notebook ["Raptularz 1843‒1849"] ([“Diary 1843‒1849”]) begins with the words: ["Nie zapominaj, że kiedyś ubogi…"] ([“Do not forget that once a poor…”]). The analysis of this manuscript is conducted taking into account other texts from the notebook, including the note about Homer’s "Odyssey".
  • Price: 0.50 €
Testament ducha

Testament ducha
(Testament of the Spirit)

  • Author(s):Olaf Krysowski
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:401-415
  • No. of Pages:15
  • Keywords:Remembrance of Madame de St. Marcel nee Chau[mont]; reminiscence; testament; afterimages; veto; Parcae
  • Summary/Abstract:The article is an interpretation of the lyric "Wspomnienie pani de St. Marcel z domu Chau[mont]" (“The Remembrance of Madame de St. Marcel nee Chau[mont]”) by Juliusz Słowacki. In the poetic reminiscence of the deceased woman, life is intertwined with death, space with time, the real with misty afterimages. It can be noticed that Słowacki’s poem does not tell about the shape of the remembered past, but rather goes towards the present where the act of remembering occurs. The words “remember the broken parliaments”, addressed to the heroine of the poem, seem to be a testamentary message, containing a hint on how to fight for salvation or how individual spirits should lead to salvation. In the poem, veto can be a synonym of opposition to stagnation – according to the ideas of progress and freedom, which this measure of individual objection was to serve in the parliamentary system of former Poland, and at the same time in spite of the infamous tradition of using it to stop social or political reforms.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Pastereczka i cyganiątko, czyli pod jakimi warunkami jest możliwa komparatystyka tekstów genezyjskich?

Pastereczka i cyganiątko, czyli pod jakimi warunkami jest możliwa komparatystyka tekstów genezyjskich?
(Shepherdess and Gypsy, or under what Conditions is a Comparative Study of Genesian Texts Possible?)

  • Author(s):Karol Samsel
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:416-425
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Genesian Słowacki; comparative studies; William Wordsworth; William Blake; Matthew Arnold
  • Summary/Abstract:The study heads to frame the Genesian Juliusz Słowacki’s lyric "Do pastereczki siedzącej na druidów kamieniach w Pornic nad Oceanem" (“To Shepherdess, sitting on Druid’s Stone in Pornic over the Ocean”) in the perspective of numerous intertexts corresponding with each other, creating peculiar for the poem system of comparative relations locating the Słowacki’s “Shepherdess” in the field of the most representative children’s-epiphanic poems of William Blake ("Songs of Innocence: Little Girl Lost. Little Girl Found"), William Wordsworth ("Ode. Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood and To a Highland Girl") as well as Matthew Arnold ("To a Gypsy Child by the Seashore"). Multi-faceted and referring to many intertexts at the same time, realised and accomplished in that way, comparing of Słowacki’s Genesian pieces enables to look at all Genesian works of poet not from the traditional one, idiomatic perspective as at the articulation of extremely individual and unique experience, but from the universal perspective, where Genesian text applies to widely understood phenomenas of existential and philosophical romanticism, including here the categories of maturation, initiation, transgression and transcendence, cognition and metaphysical participation of being in the world. Oriented in that way, philological and microphilological close reading of Słowacki’s poems, letters and diary, Wordsworth’s poems and letters, Blake’s letters equipped with special plates from "Songs of Innocence", finally Arnold’s poems – because of its multi-genericality and multi-facetility – can lead the comparative scholar of Słowacki much further than it was facilitated earlier in traditional comparative studies (in study represented by known and valued essay of Maria Cieśla-Korytowska about Słowacki and Wordsworth).
  • Price: 0.50 €
Tożsamość medytującego oraz jego „wspomnienie niby”, „rewelacja” i „śnicie niby” w "Genezis z Ducha"

Tożsamość medytującego oraz jego „wspomnienie niby”, „rewelacja” i „śnicie niby” w "Genezis z Ducha"
(Identity of the Meditator and His “Like-minded Memories”, “Revelations”, “Dreams like” in “Genesis from the Spirit”)

  • Author(s):Grzegorz Kubski
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:426-441
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:Juliusz Slowacki; theopneustia; Hexaemeron; Logos; pre-existence
  • Summary/Abstract:"Genezis z Ducha" (“Genesis from the Spirit”) shows formal affinity with Saint Augustine’s "Confessiones" in the use of Hexaemeron and biblical figures as a figure of the subject’s personal experience. But in Słowacki’s work, the self that speaks is sylleptical. At the same time, it is both a biographical „self” and „I”, literally constructed. The subject writes down visions in the state of theopneustia, but also ostentatiously creates images of the world. He has knowledge resulting from participation in the pre-existence of the Logos, but in the meditation he will save figures of aporia. It is identical with the Logos, but shares the fate of Lucifer. “Placed” by God on the “Ocean rocks” (see Ps 40), or rather Oceanus – it is unknown whether he is only there “out of the body” (see 2 Cor 12,2‒4). Chosen by God, he is not among the chosen people, but among the Egyptians who are “deceived” by Him. In the distant forms of nature, he finds a “memory”, discovers “revelation” and prophetic dreams, but it is not known whether they are all his states as persons, or completely external to him.
  • Price: 1.00 €
Dwie pamięci o pięknie w "Samuelu Zborowskim" Juliusza Słowackiego

Dwie pamięci o pięknie w "Samuelu Zborowskim" Juliusza Słowackiego
(Two Memories of Beauty in "Samuel Zborowski" by Juliusz Słowacki)

  • Author(s):Natalia Szerszeń
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:442-455
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:Juliusz Słowacki; Samuel Zborowski; Genesian system; Heavenly Jerusalem; beauty
  • Summary/Abstract:The article discusses the question of the different varieties of beauty and the forms of art in which beauty exists in Juliusz Słowacki’s Genesian system. Beauty can manifest itself in the work of human hands, in bodies, in acts and, what is the most important, in the transcendent beauty of God and the Heavenly Jerusalem. In the history of Eolion and Atessa, the aestheticisation of funeral rituals and death is a compensation: the beauty of the tomb and sarcophagus alleviate the fear of dying and uncertainty about the future. Sleeping as anticipation of the next incarnation is peaceful because coffins are full of beauty. The memory of the beautiful last moments before death allows Eolion and Atessa to find themselves disconnected in the next incarnation. All these forms of beauty are adapted to the needs of spirits entangled in matter, still making a metempsychosist journey upwards. Samuel Zborowski, as an old, wise spirit, guided in his actions not by the needs of the body, but by the care of his nation, represented a higher state of consciousness, so he was not afraid to sacrifice his life. Such a sacrifice is beautiful, and both the individual spirit and his fellowship of spirits bring him closer to God. A similar task is set by Juliusz Słowacki for Genesian art, which is to lead spirits to transfiguration (called “transformation into an angel” – “przeanielenie”).
  • Price: 1.00 €
Pamięć i projekt kultury: "Król-Duch" Juliusza Słowackiego

Pamięć i projekt kultury: "Król-Duch" Juliusza Słowackiego
(Memory and the Project of Culture: Juliusz Słowacki’s "Król-Duch" (“The Spirit King”))

  • Author(s):Jarosław Mariusz Ławski
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Philology
  • Page Range:456-470
  • No. of Pages:15
  • Keywords:The Spirit King; Juliusz Słowacki; culture; memory; reader; rhapsodist
  • Summary/Abstract:The author of the article analyses “Rhapsody I” from Juliusz Słowacki’s long mystical poem "Król-Duch" (“The Spirit King”). Contrary to numerous, well-known, and established interpretations of the poem, this one does not pose questions concerning, e.g. its mystique, the ontology of the represented world, the poet’s vision, or his view of nature. Rather, it focuses on a set of other intriguing issues: What human culture does “The Spirit King” show? What cultural picture of the poet is suggested by Słowacki? And last but not least: what type of human culture is required from the reader of the mystical poem? In conclusion, it is argued that that “The Spirit King” demonstrates an escape from the framework of culture to explore the divine, “mystical world.”
  • Price: 1.00 €
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