Work and Migration: Case Studies from around the World
Work and Migration: Case Studies from around the World
Contributor(s): Fethiye Tilbe (Editor), Elli Heikkila (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy, Literary Texts, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Geography, Regional studies, Library and Information Science, Sociology
Published by: Transnational Press London
Keywords: Austria; Brazil; Czech Republic; employment; female immigrants; Finland; Israel; Malaysia; migration; South Africa; Syrian refugees; Turkey; USA; work
Summary/Abstract: The purpose of this edited book is to look at work and migration from multiple viewpoints and illuminate challenges faced by immigrants in the labour markets around the world. It takes an approach that listens to the voices of different migrant groups in different countries, based mostly on qualitative research. In addition to the main themes of discussion centred on labour markets, this book also makes reference to a wide range of discussion topics which often intersect with employment, labour markets and the work experience of migrants. These include themes such as migrant integration, remittance transfers, relations established and maintained with home countries, legal and institutional arrangements and policy making processes in the host countries, through the concepts of employment and work. The chapters highlight immigrants’ experiences both theoretically and empirically in the contributions around the world.
“This book, which includes the experiences of specific groups like qualified, unskilled, and female migrants, makes reference to a wide range of discussion topics such as migrant integration, remittance transfers, relations established and maintained with home countries, legal and institutional arrangements and policy making processes in the host countries, through the concepts of employment and work.”
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-090-7
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-089-1
- Page Count: 177
- Publication Year: 2021
- Language: English
Labour market participation of immigrants and challenges in Finland
Labour market participation of immigrants and challenges in Finland
(Labour market participation of immigrants and challenges in Finland)
- Author(s):Elli Heikkila
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:9-33
- No. of Pages:25
- Keywords:Labour market; participation of immigrants; challenges in Finland
- Summary/Abstract:The Finnish population is aging, and this is becoming a serious problem in other developed countries as well. According to Population Reference Bureau (2020), Finland is among the top three countries with the oldest population in the world: first one is Japan, next Italy, and Finland already in the third position. The working-age population is decreasing, i.e. there are more 60–64 year olds exiting the labour market than 20–24 year olds entering it (Heikkilä, 2017). The “Labour 2025” report of Ministry of Labour (Työministeriö, 2007) suggests employing more elderly, unemployed and disabled persons as well as immigrants. The immigrant labour reserve consists of foreigners living in Finland, naturalised immigrants and new potential immigrants.
- Price: 4.50 €
Forced migrant’s sense of place: the case of Syrian refugee-workers in Istanbul, Turkey
Forced migrant’s sense of place: the case of Syrian refugee-workers in Istanbul, Turkey
(Forced migrant’s sense of place: the case of Syrian refugee-workers in Istanbul, Turkey)
- Author(s):Basem Mahmud
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:35-48
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Migrants sense of place; migrant; Syrian refugee; refugee workers; Istanbul; Turkey;
- Summary/Abstract:The issue of the integration of migrants has long been at the heart of public debates taking place in the societies of the Global North. Many of the refugees who move to these societies start their journey by first entering (often illegally) a neighboring country in the Global South, after which they tend to move to another country with better conditions. A good example is the case of those refugees who go to Indonesia and then to Australia or those who go to Turkey or Libya to arrive at a European country. This leads to more negotiations and collaborations among the states of the Global North and Global South. However, in these negotiations, the voices and lives of refugees are not considered; in the best cases, their rights and interests are acknowledged only “nominally”. This is because Global North states seek to stop the flow at any cost.
- Price: 4.50 €
Syrian refugee entrepreneurship and differentiated integration in the districts of Hatay, Turkey
Syrian refugee entrepreneurship and differentiated integration in the districts of Hatay, Turkey
(Syrian refugee entrepreneurship and differentiated integration in the districts of Hatay, Turkey)
- Author(s):Olgu Karan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:49-60
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Syrian refugee; entrepreneurship; differentiated integration; Hatay; Turkey; migrant;
- Summary/Abstract:The Syrian internal war that erupted in 2011 led millions of Syrians to leave their countries looking for refuge in Turkey. According to the figures provided by the Republic of Turkey’s Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management, the number of Syrians under temporary protection with registered biometric data was 3,639,572 as of December 16, 2020 (Mülteciler Derneği, 2020). As Turkey hosts more than 3 million Syrians, the refugee integration policies regarding access to health, education, labor market, and citizenship are under intense public debate. Syrian entrepreneurs residing in specifically near border regions and big metropolitan cities like İstanbul are also known to have set up small shops in various sectors. According to the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey, 173 corporations and 8,038 limited companies operating with Syrian financial capital are found between January 2013 and April 2019 (TOBB, 2019). Accordingly, migrant entrepreneurship has been asserted to not only be able to foster migrant’s selfreliance and integration into the host society, but also to be able to ease the social and cultural adaptation processes of migrants into their new environment (Rath & Swagerman, 2011). In this respect, analysing the dynamics, opportunities, and the difficulties within the field of migrant entrepreneurship is essential.
- Price: 4.50 €
Ethiopian-Israeli women in academia: a gender equality plan, in the framework of the CHANGE project
Ethiopian-Israeli women in academia: a gender equality plan, in the framework of the CHANGE project
(Ethiopian-Israeli women in academia: a gender equality plan, in the framework of the CHANGE project)
- Author(s):Adi Binhas, Hana Himi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Business Economy / Management, Labor relations
- Page Range:61-74
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Ethiopian-Israeli women in academia; gender equality plan; framework of the change project; senior positions ; industry; education; Ansari; Basu; Andersen; innovative leadership ; biotechnology;
- Summary/Abstract:The glass ceiling is a key concept in gender research, describing invisible barriers which inhibit the promotion of talented women to senior positions in various fields – industry, education, and others (Ansari, 2016; Basu, 2015). Andersen found that in innovative leadership biotechnology firms, the greater number of senior professional women who mentor young women weakened the glass ceiling effect. The issue at the heart of this study is the identification and definition of pivotal themes that create a glass ceiling for women in minority groups in Israel.
- Price: 4.50 €
Work lives of skilled female immigrants in the United States
Work lives of skilled female immigrants in the United States
(Work lives of skilled female immigrants in the United States)
- Author(s):Harika Suklun
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:75-86
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Work lives; skilled female immigrants; United States; Immigration; Batalova; Blizzard; phenomena; globalization; international; immigration; market for skilled ; workers; global; markets;
- Summary/Abstract:Immigration has become central in the public conversation especially in the United States. The most common topics are political controversy, struggling statistics, and the perceptions of the noteworthy interval to changing realities (Batalova, Blizzard, & Bolter, 2020). With the phenomena of globalization, international immigration keeps growing around the world. The market for skilled workers is becoming increasingly global, and in parallel to that, the new knowledge and ideas are becoming increasingly global in markets. Adserà and Pytliková (2015, p. 79) conclude that people in countries with a higher level of education migrate more than in other countries which might be the reason for the increased need for highly skilled migrants globally. Although skilled immigrants in the United States represent a smaller proportion of the workforce, in countries such as Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, immigrants have a vital role in advancing innovation and economic growth and providing domestic labor supply (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2015). Some countries are receiving more immigrants than others, and the top immigrant-receiving countries are the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Canada, and Australia. According to Gonzalez-Barrera and Connor (2019, p. 4), the United States held 18 percent of the total number of immigrants in the world in 2017. In 2019 there were 13,590,000 Lawful Permanent Residents (also called Green Card holders) and, of the total number, 7,070,000 were females in the USA (Baker, 2020, p. 6).
- Price: 4.50 €
Human capital development and skilled immigrants labour market experiences in South Africa: An overview
Human capital development and skilled immigrants labour market experiences in South Africa: An overview
(Human capital development and skilled immigrants labour market experiences in South Africa: An overview)
- Author(s):Sikanyiso Masuku, Sizo Nkala
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:87-102
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Human capital development; skilled immigrants labour; market experiences in South Africa; overview;
- Summary/Abstract:Boasting a significantly bigger economy than those of its regional neighbours, South Africa has become a preferred destination for millions of both skilled and unskilled migrants from the Southern African region and beyond, especially since 1994. Voluntary, skilled immigration and its overall benefits to the destination country (increases in employment, capital accumulation and income) are not phenomena exclusive to South Africa as they have increased globally since the 1960s (Facchini & Mayda, 2012). Voluntary immigration to South Africa during the Apartheid era was, however, fraught with many challenges, as the national policies on entry, residence, temporary migration, immigration (permanent residence), and even refugee status, were all racialized and premised on immigration control. Through racialized immigration, a two-gate system under the Aliens Registration Act No 26 of 1936 (enacted in 1939) made it possible to prevent black African immigrants from entering the country, thereby limiting those that did enter to the thriving mining and agricultural sectors (Handmaker & Parsley, 2001, p. 41). Meritocracy was thus not the principal basis upon which voluntary immigrants (skilled or otherwise) were admitted into the country.
- Price: 4.50 €
Immigrants in skilled occupations in Brazil: Assessing the factors impacting wages
Immigrants in skilled occupations in Brazil: Assessing the factors impacting wages
(Immigrants in skilled occupations in Brazil: Assessing the factors impacting wages)
- Author(s):Renan Gadoni Canaan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:103-122
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Immigrants in skilled occupations in Brazil; Assessing the factors impacting wages; contemporary economic literature; technologies; innovation; STEM;
- Summary/Abstract:According to contemporary economic literature, the capacity of a given country to sustain steady economic growth over time is determined by its capacity to create and absorb new technologies. In turn, this capacity depends on the value of human capital (Romer, 1990; Barro & Lee, 2000). Technological innovation and absorption depend immensely on qualified workers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields, which are essential for the research, development, and innovation (R&D&I) activities that foster this technological development (Boyd & Tian, 2017). Economies heavily based on STEM professionals exhibit better economic outcomes, increased innovation, and higher levels of job creation (Rothwell, 2013). Therefore, scholars, leaders, and figures in both the private and public sectors mention increasing the STEM workforce as a top priority for economic development (Landivar, 2013).
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Contractual obligation, individual autonomy, and sanction in targeting benefits for third-country nationals’ work promotion in Austria, Finland, and Czech Republic
Contractual obligation, individual autonomy, and sanction in targeting benefits for third-country nationals’ work promotion in Austria, Finland, and Czech Republic
(Contractual obligation, individual autonomy, and sanction in targeting benefits for third-country nationals’ work promotion in Austria, Finland, and Czech Republic)
- Author(s):Eddy Bruno Esien
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:123-141
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Contractual obligation; individual autonomy; third-country nationals; work promotion in Austria; Finland and Czech Republic; Nordic countries; Western European; CEE;
- Summary/Abstract:Over the past century, budget deficit, fiscal constraints, and demographic necessities that confront the industrialized society have forced policy makers under intense pressure to structure welfare provision for unemployed people around targeting benefits. Several studies have revealed that targeting benefits emphasize public resources are distributed on a measure of financial need instead of universal transfers to the entire population, but the governance faces challenges in terms of equity and efficiency as the programs may not reach all intended beneficiaries (Neil, 2004; Devereux & Sebates-Wheeler, 2004; Devandas 2017; Andries, 1996; Bitran & Munoz 2000; Jill, 2001; Peck, 2003). Until now, little importance has been given to the studies in Central Eastern European (CEE), Western European, and Nordic countries explaining eligibility criteria in public assistance programs. Studies of contractual obligation, individual autonomy, and sanction-induced behavioural criteria under targeting benefits and its implication to young third-country nationals’ (TCNs) heterogeneous subgroups’ transition from welfare to work are rare and require clarification.
- Price: 4.50 €
Contributors to the improvement of employer-employee relationships: the case of Thai migrants in Israel
Contributors to the improvement of employer-employee relationships: the case of Thai migrants in Israel
(Contributors to the improvement of employer-employee relationships: the case of Thai migrants in Israel)
- Author(s):Parkpoom Kuanvinit
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:143-160
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:improvement of employer-employee relationships; the case of Thai migrants in Israel; migrant workers;
- Summary/Abstract:Thai unskilled workers started finding employment in Israel in the late 1980s after the First Intifada or Palestinian uprising in 1987, which caused severe labor shortages in Israel (Kaminer, 2019). Due to the growing number of Thai workers in Israel, both Thai and Israeli governments decided to implement a bilateral agreement to provide Thai agricultural migrant workers in Israel with a fair and transparent recruitment system and labor rights protection mechanisms (Huguet & Chamratrithirong, 2011).
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The “unseen” in migration and remittances: the case of South Asian migrant workers in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia
The “unseen” in migration and remittances: the case of South Asian migrant workers in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia
(The “unseen” in migration and remittances: the case of South Asian migrant workers in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia)
- Author(s):Prakash Arunasalam, Thirunaukarasu Subramaniam
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Economy, Labor relations, Migration Studies
- Page Range:161-174
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:migration and remittances; South Asian migrant workers; Cameron Highlands; Malaysia; remittances; migrant workers;
- Summary/Abstract:In migration research involving migrant workers, the often “seen” aspect is the determinants of migration, migration processes and patterns, income earned and the remittances made. However, there is another dimension of migration and remittances that often receive less or no attention which is the “unseen” aspect. The “unseen” aspect is related more to the sacrifices made by migrant workers which underlies the determinants of migration, migration processes and pattern, income earned and remittances made. The sacrifices made by the migrant workers often receive less attention in previous studies despite the sacrifices made by them are instrumental to the social and economic well-being of the migrant workers and their families. They are willing to make various sacrifices because their goal is to maximize the remittances made to their home countries. The income earned by migrant workers has two main uses namely for expenditure and savings purposes. The savings made while working abroad are the money which is sent by South Asian migrant workers to their home countries as remittances. This implies that the more the sacrifices are made, the higher will be the amount saved, therefore the higher will be the remittances.
- Price: 4.50 €